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Evaluation Of Legibility Of Reflectorized License Plates, C. Earl Israelsen, Ronald V. Canfield

Reports

The rainfall simulator at the Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, was utilized in evaluating various types of license plates. This unique facility enables the production of controlled uniform rainfall inside the laboratory. For this experiment, rainfall rates of 0" (dry), 1/2" and 2" per hour were used to compare reflective performance of reflective sheeting (RS), beads-on-paint (BOP), and new paint (NP) license plates under dark nighttime conditions. Both new and used license plates were evaluted. The three types of new plates were made and embossed at the Idaho State Prison using stanard state manufacturing procedures. The …

Use Of Saline Water In Energy Development, C. Earl Israelsen, V. Dean Adams, J. Clair Batty, Dennis B. George

Reports

Maps were made of the Upper Colorado River Basin showing locations of coal deposits, oil and gas, oil shale, uranium, and tar sand, in relationship to cities and towns in the area. Superimposed on these are locations of wells showing four ranges of water quality; 1,000-3,000 mg/l, 3,000-10,000 mg/l, 10,000-35,000 mg/l, and over 35,000 mg/l. Information was assembled relative to future energy-related projects in the upper basin, and estimates were made of their anticipated water needs. Using computer models, various options were tested for using saline water for coal-fired power plant cooling. Both cooling towers and brine evaporation ponds were …

Factorial Analysis Of Variance And Covariance On A Minicomputer, Ladonna Black Kemmerle

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Statistical analysis of large data sets is commonly performed on computers using one of the many available programs. Most of these programs have been written for computers with internal storage large enough to handle nearly any data set. Recently, however, there has been a trend to computers with more limited storage capabilities. New programs must be written or old programs adapted so that large data sets may also be analyzed on these smaller machines.

This report describes a program to analyze data from a balanced experiment of crossed and/or nested design. It was written for the Data General Nova minicomputer …

Shallow Water Problem, Shu-Chen Li

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The equations in shallow water over an obstacle are nonlinear hyperbolic differential equations. We use the method of lines and GEARB package to numerically solve this problem.

Utah Science Vol. 40 No. 4, December 1979

Utah Science

91 EXERCISE FOR DAIRY COWS Robert C. Lamb and Melvin J. Anderson The benefits in regularly exercising confined cows can be financial as well as physical.

94 TH E USU LACTIC CULTURE SYSTEM Gary H. Richardson, Gene L. Hong, and C. Anthon Ernstrom A new bacterium and procedure, both easily acquired, are revolutionizing the cheese industry.

100 TRADESCANTIA; A "SUPER-SNOOPER" OF RADIOACTIVITY FROM URANIUM MILL WASTES William F. Campbell and Eric A. Rechel A radioactively sensitive plant would have to adjust to increasing degrees of mutation and sterility if grown on uranium mill sites.

104 UTAH TURKEYS-A TEAM PRODUCTION Donald …

Drought Lessons From Agriculture, Herbert H. Fullerton

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

The typical freshman in my classes and probably most of the American public will agree with the assertions that drought and water scarcity are "bad" and conservation and efficient water use are in some sense "good " . This sentiment is reflected by a wide array of public water projects, research, and educational programs which have as their justification more "goods" and/or fewer "bads" . The severe droughts of the 1930s and 1970s in the U.S. provide examples of how complex waterbased systems, such as agricultural production, respond to stress. It has been suggested that these examples possibly provide some …

Utah Science Vol. 40 No. 3, September 1979

Utah Science

61 CLIMATOLOGICAL OUTLOOK FOR THE COMING YEAR E. Arlo Richardson

62 HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES: WHERE DO THEY WANT TO LIVE? Stephen Kan , Michael B. Toney and William F. Stinner Young people are favoring country life to city living; a reverse in the trend of a decade ago.

64 CAN'T DIGEST MILK? THE CULPRIT MAY BE LACTOSE! Eileen D. Cowles and Bonita W. Wyse Intestinal upset from fluid milk can be avoided without nutritional deficiencies. Alternatives are listed .

66 SMALL AND PART-TIME FARMS IN UTAH Roice H. Anderson The economic status of the small farmer is analyzed using the …

The Feasibility Of Change-Of-Use Of Selected State Administered Lands In Utah, Eugene K. Israelsen, Lynn H. Davis

Reports

Many acres of the state come under the jurisdiction of the State Government and are managed by the appropriate department of state government. The Division of State Lands, Department of Natural Resources of the State of Utah is responsible for the management of much of the state owned land. The Division of State Lands leases the lands to various users. Revenues from the leases are used for the support of state administered program such as education. The Division of State Lands desires to manage these lands as efficiently as possible and maximize the rents and thus increase the revenues available …

An Investigation Of The Environmental Relationships Of Selected Forest Habitat Types In Northern Utah, Penelope Morgan Lawton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

It was the purpose of this study to examine an assumption basic to the forest habitat type classification system. Included in each habitat type is all land capable of supporting a single climax plant community type. In practice, land is grouped based on species camposition, relative abundance, and successional trends of the vegetation supported by the land. Land units of the same habitat type are assumed to represent similar environments. No previous critical evaluation of this assumption has been done.

Land in the study area had been previously classified under the habitat type system. Relationships between vegetation and environment were …

Progress Report For The Dairy Research Advisory Board, Various Authors

Other Documents

No abstract provided.

Utah Science Vol. 40 No. 2, June 1979

Utah Science

31 ANALYZING INVESTMENT ALTERNATIVES Larry K. Bond With inflation and promises for more difficult times ahead, wise investments are of great value to a farmer's future . An extension agent offers a practical approach to buying a granary.

32 FUTURF: A NEW TURF GRASS FOR UTAH'S DIXIE William F. Campbell The climatic extremes of Utah's Dixie present an Inhospitable environment for average turfgrasses. This scientist believes he has found a grass which will flourish there.

34 THE INTERMOUNTAIN HERBARIUM Mary E. Barkworth and Leila M. Shultz The accurate Identification of a plant species can often offer vital information directly influencing …

Effects Of Oil Shale Leachate On Phytoplankton Productivity, Mary Louise Cleave

Biology

The effect of oil shale leachate and salinity additions on the productivity of freshwater algae were studied in the laboratory utilizing batch bioassays. These batch bioassays were used to screen variations of ten salts in single and multiple additions; water extractions of different processed and unprocessed oil shales; and the concentration effects of both the salts and the oil shale extractions on the productivity of standard test algae and indigenous algae from Lake Powell. The batch bottle bioassays were conducted following the standard algal assay procedure as closely as possible. Variations in the standard algal assay procedure included media variation …

Evaluation Of Semen And Techniques Of Massage For Eliciting Semen From Captive Avian Species, Joseph Alan Russin

Biology

Individuals representing twelve species of birds were selected from the San Diego Zoo's avian collection to investigate optimal semen collection techniques and semen quality. Each bird was manually massaged to elicit ejaculation twice a week over a two month period. During massage, the state of cloacal excitement was evaluated by scoring the characteristics of protrusion, tissue hardness and color, and twitch, on a scale of one to five (one being the least excited state). The most successful method of massaging the bird was found to be a technique used to collect semen in domestic poultry, with slight modifications for each …

Effects Of Salinity And Drought Stress On The Rhizobium-Symbiosis And Nitrogen Fixing Ability Of Legumes, John F. Walsh

Biology

Two legume species were evaluated for their potential use as cover crops in rehabilitating arid and semi-arid saline soils. Vicia villosa and Melilotus officinalis were tested for their ability to nodulate and maintain an effective symbiosis in saline soils when soil moisture was adequate and under drought conditions. Calcium chloride and sodium chloride were added to a silt loam soil at a rate which provided soil saturation extracts with electrical conductivities (ECe) of 4, 8 and 12. For drought studies, soil water potential was measured in pots, using thermocouple psychrometers. Nitrogen fixing activity was assessed by the acetylene reduction assay. …

The Progesterone And Lh Levels In Female Goats During Selected Reproductive Stages And Following Hormone Treatment, Stephanie R. Romm

Biology

Observations were made on 12 Spanish goats and 6 dairy goats from a flock in Logan, Utah, from January of 1977 to January of 1978. Estrus was detected visually and by the use of vasectomized teaser bucks. The breeding season for the majority of the goats was from September to February. Some breeding activity was observed in early March and late August. The mean estrous cycle length was 20.32 ± 7.12 days. Progesterone and LH levels were measured in 10 Spanish goats in Utah during the normal estrous cycle. Samples were taken daily through at least one cycle. LH levels …

The Toxicity, Metabolism And Distribution Of Carbaryl In Three Species Of Labops With And Without Piperonyl Butoxide Treatment (Hemiptera:Miridae), Deifalla H. Osman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Carbaryl toxicity, metabolism, and distribution in adults of three species of grass bugs from the genus Labops were studied in relation to species, sex, and treatment with piperonyl butoxide. LC₅₀ values for 8 hour exposure periods ranged from 0.02-0.14, 0.03-0.3, and 0.2-0.7 μg carbaryl/vial for L. utahensis, L. hirtus, and L. hesperius respectively. The males were more susceptible to carbaryl than females. Males of L. utahensis were more susceptible than L. hirtus and L. hesperius respectively.

The synergist difference values (LC₅₀ of carbaryl alone - LC₅₀ values of carbaryl after piperonyl butoxide treatment) were measured. …

Some Effects Of A Grazer, Hyalella Azteca On Ecosystem Level Properties In Aquatic Microcosms, Martin D. Werner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study to determine some ecosystem level effects of an aquatic invertebrate grazer, Hyalella azteca, was performed in aquatic ix microcosms. Impact of the grazer was assessed in three general areas: 1) inorganic nutrient levels of the microcosm water column, 2) productivity and respiration of the biotic community, and 3) plant community composition in the microcosms.

The grazing amphipod caused inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen (except ammonia) levels to be elevated in the microcosms. The increase was due, at least partially, to excretion of nutrients into the water by the amphipod. The presence of H. azteca did not significantly …

Development And Validation Test Of A Mule Deer Habitat Rule, Glenn Gephart

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A mathematical description of Rocky Mountain mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) habitat was developed and subjected to validation testing using correlation and multiple regression statistical techniques. Data were collected on a central Utah study area, which was divided into mountain and desert regions.

Data on deer utilization and several habitat components from 86 study plots visited in 1976 were used to develop a habitat rule. Data from 46 study plots visited in 1977 were used to test the accuracy of the rule. Deer utilization was determined from pellet group counts on 20 0.001 ha pellet plots at each …

Two Basic Methodological Choices In Wildland Vegetation Inventories: Their Consequences And Implications, Donald Alan Shute

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In designing inventories of wildland vegetation, two of the many basic methodological choices are: 1) whether data are collected, reduced, and stored in discrete classes or as continuous variables, and 2) whether data are gathered as general purpose variables to bear upon many questions, or as specific purpose variables optimized for only one type of prediction. The effects of these two choices on accuracy of vegetation inventories to predict plant community production were examined by comparing regression models built upon differing sets of independent variables "inventoried" from a common data base. Contrary to expectations, discrete variables of classified community types …

Spectral Signature Studies For Application In Deer Census Using Remote Sensing Techniques, Maran C. Pate

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was performed to determine the spectral signatures of deer and their natural background elements for censusing purposes. Consideration was given to atmospheric transmittance, acceptable flying weather, and terrain. Possible spectral bands between 0.3 and 14.0 μm were obtained (over a pathlength of 1500 feet at an altitude of 5000 feet) based upon atmospheric transmittance using the LOWTRAN 3B computer program. They are: 0.30 - 1.33, 1.49 - 1.79, 2.00 - 2.50, 3.00 - 3.16, 3.38 - 4.10, 4.59 - 5.05, and 8.00 - 13.33 μm, for transmittance greater than 75%. Weather conditions are favorable for flying and taking …

The Effectiveness Of A Comprehensive Peer Counseling Program On Academic Adjustment, Bevan Todd Graybill

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a peer counseling program in improving undergraduate students' academic adjustment. Six upperclassmen were carefully selected and systematically trained in the use of a study skills instruction program and certain supportive, therapeutic techniques. These six served as peer counselors. The peer counseling program provided individualized study skills instruction, informal personal/motivational counseling, and general educational information and advising for volunteer students in academic difficulty.

Twenty-one volunteer students each completed a minimum of four sessions with a peer counselor. The first objective of the study was to determine if the students who …

Enlightening Consumer Nutrition Decisions: Comparison Of A Graphical Nutrient Density Labeling Format With The Current Food Labeling System, Kristy Gregerson Mohr

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Providing consumers with usable nutrition information requires an effective labeling format. The objective of this study, which was conducted in a supermarket setting, was to determine whether consumers could, without previous instruction, make equally effective nutrition decisions using a graphic format based on nutrient density as when using the current labeling format. For comparison with other studies, a demographic, nutrition knowledge and nutrition labeling data base was collected. The questionnaire completed by each participating consumer included items regarding demographic data and shopping preferences, and questions evaluating nutrition knowledge for comparison as a data base with other studies. It also appraised …

Utah High School Sophomore Attitudes Toward Women's Roles And Non-Traditional Vocational Career Choices, Ellen S. Walch

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Role behaviors for men and women in our society are undergoing change. Research data to reveal student attitudes toward these role behaviors and choices were needed for the development of strategies to eliminate sex bias and sex stereotyping in our educational programs and ultimately in the socialization process.

The purpose of the study was to collect research data to determine Utah high school student attitudes toward women's roles and non-traditional vocational career choices. The survey instrument used to collect the data was constructed, pilot tested, factor analyzed, and revised prior to its administration to the sample. The revised instrument contained …

A Liquefaction Potential Map For Cache Valley, Utah, Randall Jones Hill

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The identification of liquefaction susceptible soil deposits in Cache Valley, Utah and the relative potential that these deposits have for liquefaction were the two main purposes of this study. A liquefaction susceptibility map was developed to outline areas where liquefaction might occur during an earthquake. The susceptibility map was combined with a liquefaction opportunity map to produce a liquefaction potential map for Cache Valley, Utah. The opportunity map for Cache Valley was developed in a companion study, Greenwood (1978).

The development of the susceptibility map and the opportunity map and combining them to form a liquefaction potential map for Cache …

The Development Of Empathy, Role-Taking And Listening As A Function Of Preschool Experience, Joseph P. Demarsh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The major purpose of this investigation was to assess the potential effects of preschool education on indices of social competency. In specific, it was proposed that preschool education effects would be observed on measures of empathy, role-taking and listening.

A Solomon Four Group Design was employed to accomplish this task, using exposure of preschoolers to the Utah State University Child Development Laboratories for one quarter as the experimental treatment condition. While the typical Solomon design uses only one pretest-posttest experimental group, two groups were identified in this investigation since children were drawn from two preschool labs taught by different head …

Children's Perceptions Of Parental Responses To Boys' And Girls' Aggressive Behavior, K. B. Rohrbach

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in children's perceptions of mothers' and fathers' to aggressing girls and boys. A picture test of children aggressing was devised and administered to 52 fourth grade children from upper middle socioeconomic backgrounds attending school in an Idaho community.

Sex of aggressor, type of aggression (verbal or physical), and sex of parent were investigated as factors possibly related to children's perceptions. None of these variables were found to be significant in this sample. However, boys' perceptions of how parents respond to children aggressing were significantly different from girls' perceptions. Girls perceived parents …

The Incidence Of Lactose Malabsorption Among Cache Valley Young Adults, Eileen Donna Cowles

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twenty-four young adults, ages 18 to 30, from Cache Valley were studied to determine the incidence of lactose malabsorption. Lactose malabsorption was determined by a two-hour oral lactose tolerance test. The criteria for a malabsorber was a flat glucose curve in which there was a rise in serum glucose less than 20 mg. per 100 ml. above the fasting level. Four of the subjects were found to be lactose malabsorbers. The incidence of lactose malabsorption was determined to be 16.67 per cent. A 95 per cent confidence interval for this study indicated that the actual percentage could be expected to …

Investigations On Improvement Of Acceptability And Evaluation Of The Nutritive Value Of Processed Cabbage And Its Effects On The Tumorigenicity In Mice, Chareonsri Srisangnam

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objectives of this investigation have been to study the acceptability and nutritive value of processed cabbage and to elucidate the effects of chronic administration of cabbage on the activity of a colon tumorigen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). The organoleptic unacceptability of cabbage in spite of its high nutritional and economic values governed the choice of this cruciferous vegetable for this work.

Cabbage samples were blanched with steam, chemical solutions, and microwaves. Microwave blanching led to a "burnt spot" effect and to a relatively greater loss in weight of the vegetable. Blanching in solution involved boiling of cabbage with a chemical solution …

Incorporating The Index Of Nutritional Quality In The Nutrition Education Of Wic Recipients, Mary J. Roth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate nutrition educational lessons and instructional materials based on the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ). INQ is a graphic, nutrient density concept. The lessons and instructional materials were used in the nutrition education of pregnant women in the WIC Program. Six nutrition lessons were written utilizing the INQ concept. Lesson one emphasized the importance of the WIC supplemental foods and the recommended number of servings from the basic four food groups during pregnancy. Lessons two through six concerned the importance of the following nutrients during pregnancy: calcium, protein, iron, vitamin A …

Cheese Flavor Development In Ultrafiltered Whole Milk Concentrates, David Long-Ying Hwang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The development of cheese flavor in ultrafiltered whole milk retentates was investigated. Acidified (pH 5.7) pasteurized whole milk was concentrated to 21% fat, 17% protein and 41% total solids, and then divided into six lots. Each lot was subdivided into three groups of two samples each. Each group was inoculated with one of three lactic cultures -- Streptococcus lactis C₆ , commercial mixed concentrated Marschall's MD294S or CCI299S. One sample in each group was treated with rennet and the other sample left rennet free. All samples were incubated at 30 C until the pH reached 5.2-5.1. Each of the …