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Model-Observation Comparison Study Of Multiple Polar Cap Arcs, Lie Zhu, Cesar E. Valladares, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk, D. J. Crain Jan 1996

Model-Observation Comparison Study Of Multiple Polar Cap Arcs, Lie Zhu, Cesar E. Valladares, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk, D. J. Crain

All Physics Faculty Publications

A quantitative model-observation comparison of multiple polar cap arcs has been conducted by using a time-dependent theoretical model of polar cap arcs. In particular, the electrodynamical features of multiple polar cap arcs with various spacings are simulated and the results are compared with the images obtained from the All-Sky Intensified Photometer at Qaanaaq. The results show that the observed and simulated arcs are quite similar, both spatially and temporally. The results support the theory proposed by Zhu et al. [1993a, 1994b] that the structure of polar cap arcs is mainly determined by the magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) coupling processes and that …

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Economic Impact Of The Usu Uintah Basin Education Centers And The Lds Vernal Temple, Donald L. Snyder Jan 1996

Economic Impact Of The Usu Uintah Basin Education Centers And The Lds Vernal Temple, Donald L. Snyder

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

Uintah County and the Uintah Basin COG have benefitted from the existence of the USU Centers as well as from the construction and operation of the LDS Vernal Temple. The one-time beneficial impacts for final demand (Centers' construction and renovation and Temple construction) range from $2.95 to $2.97 million. Ongoing beneficial impacts for fmal demand (Centers and Temple operations) contribute another $1.95 million in total industry sales per year. Employee income due to the operations of these two entities was over $650,000/year, with other $1.1 million in value added to the community. These two projects also increased local employment by …

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Mobility Barriers And The Socially Differentiated Effects Of Food Marketing Liberalization In Madagascar, Christopher B. Barrett Jan 1996

Mobility Barriers And The Socially Differentiated Effects Of Food Marketing Liberalization In Madagascar, Christopher B. Barrett

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

Decontrol of commercial food marketing channels was widely expected to induce massive trader entry and engender more competitive, efficient markets in Africa. Despite strong empirical evidence of trader entry, enterprise expansion is proving difficult and many market observers and participants claim market power continues, ifperhaps exercised now by private traders instead of public enterprises. This paper uses the industrial organization concept of mobility barriers to confront this puzzle of substantial market entry that might not enliven market competition. Primary data from a survey of food marketing intermediaries in Madagascar reveal distinct groups within rural food marketing channels, separated by identifiable …

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Recreation As An Economic Development Strategy: Some Evidence From Utah, John E. Keith, Christopher Fawson, Tsangyao Chang Jan 1996

Recreation As An Economic Development Strategy: Some Evidence From Utah, John E. Keith, Christopher Fawson, Tsangyao Chang

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

An examination of employment patterns in rural Utah counties suggests that those counties that primarily rely on tourism and recreation to maintain economic viability exhibit annual employment variability much greater than those counties that rely on alternative economic activity. Compared to long-run boomlbust employment cycles, which are prevalent in counties that rely on resource extraction, annual recreation, and tourism employment cycles, are at least as variable and of much shorter duration due to the seasonal nature of tourist visitation patterns. As a result, local infrastructure planning for an economy based on recreation and tourism will likely involve considerable fiscal stress …

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Report On Southeast Asia Trip By Bailey And Fawson For The International Agribusiness Internship Center, Deevon Bailey, Christopher Fawson Jan 1996

Report On Southeast Asia Trip By Bailey And Fawson For The International Agribusiness Internship Center, Deevon Bailey, Christopher Fawson

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

This paper reports the results of activities in Southeast Asia aimed at recruiting agribusinesses and universities to participate in developing internships through the International Agribusiness Internship Center at Utah State University. Several agribusiness firms expressed a willingness to participate in the program. Additional arrangements with universities in Southeast Asia are being negotiated to facilitate student exchanges and supervision for internships.

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How Long Until Crisis In African Wildlife Integrated Conservation And Development Projects (Icdps)? Simulation Results From The Serengeti Ecosystem, Christopher B. Barrett, Peter Arcese Jan 1996

How Long Until Crisis In African Wildlife Integrated Conservation And Development Projects (Icdps)? Simulation Results From The Serengeti Ecosystem, Christopher B. Barrett, Peter Arcese

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

This paper develops a model coupling species population dynamics with endogenous human consumption and poaching behavior in an environment of imperfect labor and product markets and static agricultural production technology subject to environmental shocks. Using the case of the Serengeti, we then simulate how integrated conservation and development projects (lCDPs) might effectively serve as a delaying tactic against biodiversity loss until a more durable solution can be found to the challenge of wildlife conservation lin the midst of endemic rural poverty.

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The Economic Impact Of Uintah County's Western Park, Donald L. Snyder Jan 1996

The Economic Impact Of Uintah County's Western Park, Donald L. Snyder

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

Uintah County is home to a multi activity conference complex located in Vernal, Utah. The complex is almost in constant use and includes locally sponsored activities, as well as regional and national activities. An estimate of local and nonlocal users were identified from Mr. Derk Hatch, manager of Western Park. I assumed that "nonlocal" use originated outside the county. Taking into account the "local" and "nonlocal" mix, it is estimated that the center annually generates over $4.8 million dollars in economic activity, with approximately 60% a result of direct expenditures. The complex also results in additional employment opportunities for approximately …

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Does Food Aid Really Discourage Food Production?, Sandeep Mohapatra, Christopher B. Barrett, Donald L. Snyder, Basudeb Biswas Jan 1996

Does Food Aid Really Discourage Food Production?, Sandeep Mohapatra, Christopher B. Barrett, Donald L. Snyder, Basudeb Biswas

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

We examine whether food aid acts as a disincentive to agricultural production in recipient economies. Since structural deficiencies of markets are a central reason why low-income agrarian economies receive food aid, we adopt a modeling framework that accommodates market imperfections. Our nonseparable representative household model highlights the factor market effects of food aid overlooked in conventional, Schultzian analyses.

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Investigation Of Bone And Calcium Phosphate Coatings And Crystallinity Determination Using Raman Microspectroscopy, C. J. De Grauw, J. D. De Bruijn, C. Otto, J. Greve Jan 1996

Investigation Of Bone And Calcium Phosphate Coatings And Crystallinity Determination Using Raman Microspectroscopy, C. J. De Grauw, J. D. De Bruijn, C. Otto, J. Greve

Cells and Materials

Conventional spontaneous Raman micro-spectroscopy was used for the investigation of bone and calcium phosphate coatings on bone-implant surfaces. Chemical and structural changes at the bone-coating interface could be monitored on a microscopic scale. It was shown that the crystallinity did not vary within the crystalline apatite and amorphous calcium phosphate coatings, while the density within each coating did vary. Different degrees of crystallinity in coatings were investigated for a series of plasma-sprayed apatite coatings. It is concluded that Raman microspectroscopy is an easy non-destructive way to obtain information about the apatite structure and the degree of crystallinity.

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1995 Annual Report, Various Authors Jan 1996

1995 Annual Report, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

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Biofilm Mediated Calculus Formation In The Urinary Tract, Robert J. C. Mclean, David J. Stickler, J. Curtis Nickel Jan 1996

Biofilm Mediated Calculus Formation In The Urinary Tract, Robert J. C. Mclean, David J. Stickler, J. Curtis Nickel

Cells and Materials

Mineralization and subsequent calculus formation is a common complication of biofilm infections. In the urinary tract, these infected calculi often arise from infections by urease-producing bacteria. Ammonia, liberated by bacterial urease activity, increases urine pH, resulting in the precipitation of Ca and Mg as carbonateapatite {Ca10(PO4,CO3)6(OH,CO3)2} and struvite (NH4MgP04·6H2O). These minerals become entrapped in the organic matrix which surrounds the infecting organisms and ultimately grow into mature calculi. When the causative organisms grow on urinary catheters and stents, the resulting mineralization can …

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Economic Indicator Maps For Rural Development In The East, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service Jan 1996

Economic Indicator Maps For Rural Development In The East, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Economic Development

Legislation and social policy require the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service to help diversify the economies and improve the well-being of rural America. This document provides county-level information on 12 economic indicators, including economic diversity and recreation dependency, from both national and regional perspectives for States in the East, including all States east of Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Iowa, and Minnesota.

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Remember To Include Art And Crafts In Your Integrated Curriculum, Martha Taylor Dever, E. R. Jared Jan 1996

Remember To Include Art And Crafts In Your Integrated Curriculum, Martha Taylor Dever, E. R. Jared

Teacher Education and Leadership Faculty Publications

Discusses ways that arts and crafts can be integrated into content learning activities. Describes activities in a unit on animals in winter, noting that arts and crafts present an opportunity for children to demonstrate learning in new ways. (JW)

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Postings On A Genre Of E-Mail, Michael Spooner, Kathleen Yancey Jan 1996

Postings On A Genre Of E-Mail, Michael Spooner, Kathleen Yancey

Library Faculty & Staff Publications

I was talking with a novelist recently about various kinds of writing-nothing special, just happy-hour talk-and I found my earnest self assuring him that, oh yes, academic writing nowadays will tolerate a number of different styles and voices. (I should know, right? I'm in academic publishing.) He choked; he slapped my arm; he laughed out loud. I don't remember if he spit his drink back in the glass. Silly me, I was serious. And, among other things, I was thinking about this essay/dialogue, in which we're turning discourse conventions of the net - often a rather casual medium - to …

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Decision Record And Finding Of No Significant Impact For Sodium Leasing In The Green River Basin Of Southwestern Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management Jan 1996

Decision Record And Finding Of No Significant Impact For Sodium Leasing In The Green River Basin Of Southwestern Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management

Record of Decisions (WY)

The BLM is charged with leasing federal mineral resources. BLM is proposing to hold a sodium lease sale of seven tracts incorporating a total of 9,893.91 acres as shown on Map 1. Federal sodium leases are issued based upon a system of closed competitive bids. The highest bidder may receive the lease provided the bid meets or exceeds fair market value. Leases have a 20-year primary term with discretionary 10-year renewal periods thereafter. A federal sodium lease is not automatically renewed but may be renewed upon the lessee's timely request for renewal. All leases adjudicated for renewal are reviewed and …

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Record Of Decision For Fontenelle Natural Gas Infill Drilling Projects Environmental Impact Statement, Sweetwater And Lincoln Counties, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management Jan 1996

Record Of Decision For Fontenelle Natural Gas Infill Drilling Projects Environmental Impact Statement, Sweetwater And Lincoln Counties, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management

Record of Decisions (WY)

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) approves the Fontenelle Projects Resource Protection Alternatives (RPAs) for natural gas development and production. Approval of the RPAs provides for managing the area, in accordance with the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Sec. 202(e)), in a manner that allows for natural gas development while continuing to provide for the existing principal and major uses (i.e., domestic livestock grazing, fish and wildlife development and utilization, mineral exploration and production, rights-of-way, and outdoor recreation) recognized by the land use plan for this area. The RPAs balance the multiple uses and sustains the long-term yield of …

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Rational Incompatibility With International Product Standards, Christopher B. Barrett, Yi-Nung Yang Jan 1996

Rational Incompatibility With International Product Standards, Christopher B. Barrett, Yi-Nung Yang

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

This paper considers the private incentives of an import-competing firm and the social incentives of a technology-importing country to conform to an exogenous international standard for a product characterized by network externalities. We find that the domestic firm has an incentive to deviate from the international standard under fairly general conditions. Moreover, the social incentive of an importing country to deviate from the international standard is even greater than the private one, providing incentives to adopt and enforce technical barriers to trade. The results confirm the challenge lock-in effects pose to the international standard-setting process.

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Commercialization Of Wild Game Ranching: Enterprise Budgets, Donald Snyder Jan 1996

Commercialization Of Wild Game Ranching: Enterprise Budgets, Donald Snyder

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

No abstract provided.

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Unfortunate Emigrants, Kristin Johnson Jan 1996

Unfortunate Emigrants, Kristin Johnson

All USU Press Publications

The story of the Donner Party remains one of the most tragic and compelling in pioneer history. Johnson gathers many rare early narratives detailing the participants' trying experiences into one of the most accurate accounts to date of this disastrous event.

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Progress In The Smart Pixel Technologies, Harvard Scott Hinton Jan 1996

Progress In The Smart Pixel Technologies, Harvard Scott Hinton

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The purpose of this paper is to review the recent progress in the developing smart pixel technologies. The paper begins by reviewing some of the rapidly evolving smart pixel terminologies. It then describes several of the smart pixel technologies that have recently emerged. Finally, it outlines the performance of these technologies in both device complexity and aggregate capacity. The reviewed SPA technologies include both the modulator-based FET-SEED, hybrid CMOS-SEED, and LCOS smart pixels and the source-based hybrid VCSEL/MSM, ELO, flip-chip-bonded VCSEL/MSM, and monolithic MSM/MESFET/VCSEL smart pixels.

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An Atm-Based Intelligent Optical Backplane Using Cmos-Seed Smart Pixel Arrays And Free- Space Optical Interconnect Modules, Dominic J. Goodwill, Kent E. Devenport, Harvard Scott Hinton Jan 1996

An Atm-Based Intelligent Optical Backplane Using Cmos-Seed Smart Pixel Arrays And Free- Space Optical Interconnect Modules, Dominic J. Goodwill, Kent E. Devenport, Harvard Scott Hinton

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The architecture, smart pixel array chip design, and optical design of an intelligent free-space digital optical backplane for ATM switching are presented. The smart pixel chip uses reflective SEED (self-electrooptic effect device) optical modulators and detectors flip-chip bonded to CMOS circuitry. This chip is one of the most complex designs ever reported in this technology, and it operates at a simulated backplane clock rate of 125 MHz. The low-loss optical system employs f/4 diffractive minilenses and microlenses to interconnect clusters of smart pixels, and it is shown to allow 2060 connections per chip if 1-cm2 -sized smart pixel chips are …

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A Hybrid-Seed Smart Pixel Array For A Four-Stage Intelligent Optical Backplane Demonstrator, David R. Rolston, David V. Plant, Ted H. Szymanski, Harvard Scott Hinton, W. S. Hsiao, Michael H. Ayliffe, David Kabal, Michael B. Venditti, P. Desai, Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy, Keith W. Goossen, J. A. Walker, B. Tseng, S. P. Hui, J. C. Cunningham, W. Y. Jan Jan 1996

A Hybrid-Seed Smart Pixel Array For A Four-Stage Intelligent Optical Backplane Demonstrator, David R. Rolston, David V. Plant, Ted H. Szymanski, Harvard Scott Hinton, W. S. Hsiao, Michael H. Ayliffe, David Kabal, Michael B. Venditti, P. Desai, Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy, Keith W. Goossen, J. A. Walker, B. Tseng, S. P. Hui, J. C. Cunningham, W. Y. Jan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper describes the VLSI design, layout, and testing of a Hybrid-SEED smart pixel array for a four-stage intelligent optical backplane. The Hybrid-SEED technology uses CMOS silicon circuitry with GaAs-AlGaAs multiple-quantum-well modulators and detectors. The chip has been designed based on the HyperPlane architecture and is composed of four smart pixels which act as a logical 4-bit parallel optical channel. It has the ability to recognize a 4-bit address header, inject electrical data onto the backplane, retransmit optical data, and extract optical data from the backplane. In addition, the smart pixel array can accommodate for optical inversions and bit permutations …

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Design, Modeling, And Characterization Of Fet-Seed Smart Pixel Transceiver Arrays For Optical Backplanes, David V. Plant, Alain Z. Shang, Marcos R. Otazo, David R. Rolston, Brian Robertson, Harvard Scott Hinton Jan 1996

Design, Modeling, And Characterization Of Fet-Seed Smart Pixel Transceiver Arrays For Optical Backplanes, David V. Plant, Alain Z. Shang, Marcos R. Otazo, David R. Rolston, Brian Robertson, Harvard Scott Hinton

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The design, modeling, and characterization of FET-SEED smart pixel transceiver arrays fabricated for application in optical backplanes are presented. Results of digital and analog measurements on 4×4 transmitter arrays and 4×4 receiver arrays, packaged at the printed circuit-board level, will be presented. In addition, these results will be compared to device and circuit models developed for these optoelectronics. Finally, the description of the successful application of these optoelectronics to interconnect two printed circuit boards will be described.

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Regulatory Barriers In An Integrating World Food Market, Dawn D. Thilmany, Christopher B. Barrett Jan 1996

Regulatory Barriers In An Integrating World Food Market, Dawn D. Thilmany, Christopher B. Barrett

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

No abstract provided.

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Pluralism, Science, Ethics, And The Intersecting Spheres Of Social Concerns And Environmentalism, Christopher B. Barrett, Raymond E. Grizzle Jan 1996

Pluralism, Science, Ethics, And The Intersecting Spheres Of Social Concerns And Environmentalism, Christopher B. Barrett, Raymond E. Grizzle

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

This paper builds on alternative perspectives offered by the environmental and sustainability traditions to advance a holistic yet practical conceptual model that explicitly integrates social and environmental concerns. Ours is a pluralistic approach founded on synthesis. Employing the economic concept of path dependence, we emphasize that there exist multiple paths society can follow in environmental ethics and policy, but that onc e one has been chosen, implicitly or explicitly, there may be little opportunity to reverse such choices. Hence, the importance of process to the pursuit of social and environmental objectives.

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An Analysis Of Iodine Deficiency Disorder And Eradication Strategies In The High Atlas Mountains Of Morocco, Elizabeth Anne Oldham, Christopher B. Barrett, Sabah Benjelloun, Brahim Ahanou Jan 1996

An Analysis Of Iodine Deficiency Disorder And Eradication Strategies In The High Atlas Mountains Of Morocco, Elizabeth Anne Oldham, Christopher B. Barrett, Sabah Benjelloun, Brahim Ahanou

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

The population of the Ounein Valley in the High Atlas Mountains in Morocco is at high risk of iodine deficiency. We investigated local children's iodine deficiency and goiterpattems as well as food consumption habits through a household survey. Median urinary iodine content and goiter analysis both reflect moderate iodine deficiency. Total fish consumption has a statistically significant, positive effect on urinary iodine content. Fish consumption, like that of salt, is closely related to market access. Respondents are uniformly unaware of the dietary etiology of goiter. An effective strategy to reduce the high incidence of iodine deficiency disorder among children in …

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Immigration To Utah Communities: The Role Of Agriculture And Rural Development, Dawn D. Thilmany Jan 1996

Immigration To Utah Communities: The Role Of Agriculture And Rural Development, Dawn D. Thilmany

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

The relatively small agricultural sector in Utah has meant there were relatively few migrant farmworkers and, thus, Hispanics in the state. Given the notable economic growth in recent years, the tight labor market, and the demographic and employment trends in Utah, the significant increase in Hispanic settlement in Utah may not be surprising. This study analyzes population and employment growth in rural Utah among Hispanics and presents two brief case studies of specific communities and industries. The results clearly illustrate the emerging issues associated with the changing face of rural America in the Intermountain West.

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Environmental Assessment Mammoth-Duck Creek Recovery Project, United States Forest Service Jan 1996

Environmental Assessment Mammoth-Duck Creek Recovery Project, United States Forest Service

Environmental Assessments (UT)

This Environmental Assessment (EA) documents the analysis of a Proposed Action and the No Action alternative for the Mammoth-Duck Creek Recovery Project. The Proposed Action is designed to meet the following Purpose and Need within urban interface areas, Forest campgrounds and along designated Forest roads (Focus Areas): restore forest health by reducing bark beetle populations and protecting and retaining scenic vegetation; eliminate safety hazards by reducing fuels buildup and fire danger; manage habitats to maintain viable populations of existing native or desired non-native vertebrate species; and recover the volume and value of trees killed by bark beetles. The EA discusses …

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Express Crude Oil Pipeline Final Environmental Impact Statement, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management Jan 1996

Express Crude Oil Pipeline Final Environmental Impact Statement, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management

Final Environmental Impact Statements (WY)

Express Pipeline, Inc. (Express) proposes to construct, maintain, and operate a 24-inch crude oil pipeline from the U.S. (Montana)/Canada border near Wild Horse to Casper, Wyoming. The project (the proposed action ) would include the 515-mile pipeline, five pump stations, numerous mainline block and check valves, and a meter station. Initially, the pipeline would be capable of transporting 172,000 barrels per day of Canadian crude oil to Casper, Wyoming. Construction is scheduled from July through October, 1996, with operations beginning by late October, 1996. This final environmental impact statement analyzes the environmental effects of the Express Pipeline, the No Action …

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The Yellowed Archives Of Yellowcake, Ken Silver Jan 1996

The Yellowed Archives Of Yellowcake, Ken Silver

Canyonlands Research Bibliography

Extensive historical documentation of exposures and releases at government-owned energy facilities is a unique and valuable resource for analyzing and communicating health risks. Facilities at all stages of the atomic fuel cycle were the subject of numerous industrial hygiene, occupational health, and environmental assessments during the Cold War period. Uranium mines and mills on the Colorado Plateau were investigated as early as the 1940s. One such facility was the mill in Monticello, Utah, which began operation as a vanadium extraction plant in 1943 and was later adapted to recover uranium from camotite ores. The mill ceased operation in 1960. The …

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