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Chemical And Biological Control Of Grasshoppers In Utah, Edward W. Evans

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Selecting For Carcass Merit, Norris J. Stenquist

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Growth Stimulants An Easy Way To Boost Production, Nyle J. Matthews

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Great Divide Resource Area Record Of Decision And Approved Resource Management Plan, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management

Record of Decisions (WY)

This document records the decision made by the Bureau of Land Management for managing approximately 4 million acres of public land surface and 5 million acres of federal mineral estate administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in the Great Divide Resource Area.

Impacts Of Recreation On Biodiversity In Wilderness, David N. Cole, Richard L. Knight

Natural Resources and Environmental Issues

We discuss seven recreational impacts on biodiversity in wilderness areas. These include: 1) construction of trails, 2) trampling of vegetation and soils on trails and campsites, 3) collection and burning of wood in campfires, 4) water pollution associated with camping activities, 5) unintentional harassment of animals, 6) hunting, fishing, and associated management programs, and 7) grazing by processes and functions of ecosystems. The activities which have caused the greatest impact on diversity at a regional scale are fishing, hunting and associated management practices. None of these perturbations, however, have been studied in insufficient detail to assess their long-term impact.

Journal Of Mormon History Vol. 16, 1990

Journal of Mormon History

• --The Power Of Place and the Spirit of Locale: Finding God on Western Trails

Stanley B. Kimball, 3

• --Fawn M. Brodie, "Mormondom's Lost Generation," and No Man Knows My History

Newell G. Bringhurst, 11

• --Remembering Nauvoo: Historiographical Considerations

Glen M. Leonard, 25

• --The Nauvoo Heritage of the Reorganized Church

Richard P. Howard, 41

• --Mormon Nauvoo from a Non-Mormon Perspective

John E. Hallwas, 53

• --The Significance of Nauvoo for Latter-day Saints

Ronald K. Esplin, 71

• --Learning to Play: The Mormon Way and the Way of Other Americans

R. Laurence Moore, 89

Utah Science Vol. 51 No. 4, Winter 1990

Utah Science

130 USU Researcher Help Mink Producers

133 Parasite Target of USU Research

136 Unraveling the Origin of Animal Appetites

144 Riding in Balance

147 Grain-Rich Diet Can Cripple Young Horses

148 Tracking the Causes of Airborne Cancer

150 ‘Octopus’ May Carry Genome-Free Vaccines

151 New Faculty

152 Birth Defects and Retinoic Acid

153 Scrapie: Cause Unkown But Control Possible

156 Food Safety and Chemical Contamination: Facts vs. Fantasy

162 Food Safety Then and Now

165 Food Safety and the Consumer: Making Informed Decisions

169 Allan Adam Receives USU Land Grant Hall of Fame A ward

170 Recent Grant and Contract …

Development Of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Endosperm In Varieties Of Varying Hardness, J. M. Shull, A. Chandrashekar, A. W. Kirleis, G. Ejeta

Food Structure

Factors responsible for grain hardness in sorghum are not well understood. Therefore, a study was undertaken to observe differences in the developmental processes of three sorghum varieties which vary in endosperm texture: hard, intermediate, and soft. Grain samples were collected at 5 day intervals beginning at 5 days after half-bloom (DAHB) until physiological maturity (40 DAHB) and prepared for viewing with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Comparisons were made between vitreous and floury endosperm portions of each variety and among the three varieties. The major difference between vitreous and floury endosperm was the degree to which the protein …

Food Microstructure

Food Structure

No abstract provided.

Microscopic Measurement Of Apple Bruise, N. K. Kim, Y. C. Hung

Food Structure

Microstructural differences between unbruised and bruised apple tissues were evaluated. Cell connections appeared to be looser in bruised tissue than in unbruised tissue. Bruised tissue exhibited more empty regions which are not occupied by cells than unbruised tissue. Empty reg ions in unbruised and bruised tissues were about 0.7 and 2.4 per mm2, respectively, comprising 0.7% and 2.7% of the respective total volume. Stereology is a body of mathematical methods relating three-dimensional parameters defining a structure to two- dimensional measurements. Two methods based on a stereological principle were also used to quantify the fraction of total volume occupied by cells. …

An Enzyme/Surfactant Treatment And Filtration Technique For The Retrieval Of Listeria Monocytogenes From Ice Cream Mix, Kelly-Ann Hale, Stephanie Doores, Rosemary A. Walsh

Food Structure

This study combines an enzyme/surfactant treatment with centrifugal ion and prefiltration to solubilize food constituents in a dairy product containing listeria monocytogenes, remove the constituents by a second filtration and examine the isolated bacteria under the scanning electron microscope. Treatment of an ice cream mix with a combined 2% (w/w} trypsin and 2% (w/w) Tween 80 so lution for 20 minutes at 35 °C resulted i n proteolysis of the dairy mix without lysing the bacteria. Centrifugation at 4300 x g for 20 minutes at 5°C concentrated the bacteria in the form of a pellet which was subsequently purified through …

The Structure-Function Relationship Of Polymeric Sorbents For Colloid Stabilization Of Beer, Gabriela Basarova

Food Structure

This review considers the research relating to the formation of non-biological haze in beer. The basic information regarding mutual interactions of haze-causing substances with precipitating, enzymatic, and adsorptive stabilizers of beer is discu ssed. The main haze-causing compounds in beer are polypeptides and polyphenols. To reduce the levels of these compounds in beer, adsorptive stabilizing agents are usually used during filt ration. Electron microscopy and methods measuring the surface and dimensions of adsorbent particles and the volumes and diameters of their pores make it possible to assess morphological properties and suitability of the stabilizers for beer filtration. Determination of the …

The Role Of The Interfacial Protein Film In Meat Batter Stabilization, A. Gordon, S. Barbut

Food Structure

The microstructure of meat batters made with equal ionic strengths of NaCl, MgC1 2 , CaCl2 and KCl (IS- 0.43) and a reduced-NaCl batter (IS- 0.43) were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Micrographs revealed that fat globules with smooth and rough protein coats were present in all treatments. The roughly-coated globules were prevalent in the unstable batters. Pores were observed in the interfacial protein film (IPF) surrounding the globul es and were more prevalent in the globules with rough protein coats. Fat was seen to exude from the pores in both types of globules, Fat globules were shown …

The Effect Of Tumbling, Sodium Chloride And Polyphosphates On The Microstructure And Appearance Of Whole-Muscle Processed Meats, P. D. Velinov, M. V. Zhikov, R. G. Cassens

Food Structure

The properties of a whole-muscle processed meat were determined. The complex action of socium chloride, polyphosphates and mechanical agitation caused extraction of myofibrillar protein, swelling of fibers and loss of cross-strations. A new functional ability was found for the extracted proteins to form a fine cover or membrane on the surface of the whole muscle during cooking. These changes produced a product with improved cooking yield and color appearance.

Particle Characteristics Of Flake-Cut Meat, P. R. Sheard, A. Cousins, P. D. Jolley, C. A. Voyle

Food Structure

The size of flake-cut meat is an Important quality determinant of comminuted meat products which. potentially. depends upon a large number of factors. Temperature and whether or not the meat is pre-broken have a major Influence on the resulting particle size distribution, as does aperture size. Meat flaked at -7'C produced two to three times more flakes than at -3' C. Under some conditions the particles produced were as little as 0.4 mm thick and characteristically were thicker at one end.

High speed photography, used to visualise the cutting action. Indicated that size reduction occurs In a controlled manner providing …

General Catalog 1990-1992, Utah State University

University Catalogs

Contains course descriptions, University college calendar, and college administration.

Pine Hollow Exclosures: Effect Of Browsing On An Aspen Community Sprayed With 2,4-D, D.L. Bartos, R.O. Harniss

Aspen Bibliography

The Pine Hollow aspen (Populus tremuloides) exclosures on the Ashley National Forest in eastern Utah were sampled in 1984, 19 years after they were established.

Managing For The Msot - A Landowner's Guide For Conserving North Dakota's Wildlife Legacy, Terry A. Messmer

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Regrowth And Palatability Of Acacia Shoots Following Pruning By African Savanna Browsers, Johan T. Du Toit, J. P. Bryant, K. Frisby

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Stands of two species of African Acacia were monitored for 1 yr in a natural savanna ecosystem, to compare shoot regrowth and leaf chemistry in lightly browsed and heavily browsed trees. Where ungulates concentrated at a seasonal waterhole, A. nigrescens was more severely browsed than the thornier and finer leafed A. tortilis. Shoot regrowth in heavily browsed A. nigrescens more than compensated for herbivory, as net annual shoot extension was not significantly different from that in light browsed trees. Foliage of heavily browsed A. nigrescens was higher in nutrients and lower in condensed tannins than foliage of light browsed trees. …

Approach To Bioremediation Of Contaminated Surface Soils, J. L. Sims, Ronald C. Sims, J. E. Matthews

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

Biological processes, including microbial degradation, have been identified as critical mechanisms for attenuating organic contaminants during transit through the vadose zone to the groundwater. On-site soil remedial measures using biological processes can reduce or eliminate groundwater contamination, thus reducing the need for extensive groundwater monitoring and treatment requirements. On-site remedial systems that utilize the soil as the treatment system accomplish treatment by using naturally occurring microorganisms to treat the contaminants. Treatment often may be enhanced by a variety of physical/chemical methods, such as fertilization, tilling, soil Ph adjustment, moisture control, etc. The development of a bioremediation program for a specific …

Exeis, Expert Screening And Optimal Extraction/Injection Pumping Systems For Short-Term Plume Immobilization, R. L. Ward, Richard C. Peralta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

This report presents the EXEIS family of micro-computer based programs for achieving short-term contaminant plume containment. EXEIS is applicable if contaminated water cannot be extracted and water cannot be imported to or exported from the site. There are two main purposes and types of users. For persons relatively unfamiliar with groundwater remedial actions, an expert screening system gives guidance concerning whether extraction/injection (Eli) pumping, slurry wall or sheet piling are most appropriate. For personal more experienced in remedial actions, management models compute optimal E/I strategies for short-term containment. Via deterministic and stochastic multiobjective optimization models, uncertainty in both planning horizon …

Quantitative Evaluation Of Scanning Electron Microscopy-Examined Ciliary Morphological Changes In Control And Noise Exposed Guinea Pig Cochleas, S. Rydmarker, P. Nilsson, D. E. Dunn, C. Lindqvist

Scanning Microscopy

Many investigations of noise-induced hearing loss have demonstrated a poor correlation between hearing threshold and hair cell loss. One reason for this is that more subtle changes in the hair cell, such as detailed morphological changes of stereocilia, have not been evaluated. However, examining such changes increases the problem of distinguishing experimental pathological changes from artefacts. Preparation of the specimen for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) may result in too many artefacts for an adequate quantification of defects due to noise exposure.

One problem with some earlier studies seems to be lack of controls and/or statistical analysis for the purpose of …

Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Deposition: A Kinetic Study Using A Type I Collagen Gel Model, Gretchen S. Mandel, Paul B. Halverson, Melisa Rathburn, Neil S. Mandel

Scanning Microscopy

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by deposits of triclinic (t) and monoclinic (m) CPPD crystals in articular and fibrocartilage. Many investigators have attempted to model CPPD crystal growth using both solution and a variety of gel systems. We have investigated the effect of type I collagen fibrils on CPPD crystal nucleation and growth using an ionic diffusion model. Collagen was isolated from porcine menisci using a pepsin solubilization procedure and gelled in three layers, with one containing 10 mM pyrophosphate (PPi) plus physiologic ions, the middle containing only the ions, while the third contained 25 mM …

The Secondary Blood Vessel System Of Segmental Arteries And Dorsal Aorta In Blennius Pavo And Zosterisessor Ophiocephalus. Histology, Fine Structure And Sem Of Vascular Corrosion Casts., F. Lahnsteiner, A. Lametschwandtner, R. A. Patzner

Scanning Microscopy

The secondary blood vessel system of the segmental arteries and of the dorsal aorta of the teleost fish Blennius pavo and Zosterisessor ophiocephalus are examined by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy of appropriately processed tissue and of vascular corrosion casts. Dorsal, lateral and ventral segmental arteries and the caudal portions of the dorsal aorta have a secondary vessel system. The secondary vessels are formed by capillaries which arise from the proximal portions of the segmental arteries and from the caudal parts of the dorsal aorta. In Z. ophiocephalus these capillaries are strongly dilated at their …

Electron Microscopy Of Endothelial Cell - Biopolymer Interaction, Stuart K. Williams, Timothy Schneider, Bruce E. Jarrell

Scanning Microscopy

Vascular endothelial cells form a natural antithrombogenic lining on all blood vessels. Replacement or bypass of small diameter blood vessels with artificial polymeric grafts has not been clinically acceptable due to the thrombogenic nature of polymeric material. One approach to improving the patency of vascular prosthetic devices has been the establishment of endothelial monolayers on the blood flow surface using the technique known as seeding. Scanning electron microscopy has been a major tool in evaluating the interaction of endothelial cells with polymeric surfaces resulting in a basic understanding of forces and structures regulating endothelium-polymer interactions. In-vitro and in-vivo studies have …

Release Of Hemoglobin And Potassium From Human Red Blood Cells Treated With Triton X-100 Under The Critical Micellar Concentration, P. Bogner, M. Kellermayer, C. F. Hazlewood

Scanning Microscopy

The action of detergents is thought to be connected primarily with micelle formation. However, detergent monomers can also effect biological systems. It was found in this study that human red blood cells can be disintegrated with Triton X-100 non-ionic detergent at a concentration of 0.007 %, lower than the critical micellar concentration (CMC). The time dependent release of hemoglobin and potassium was detected at 37°C and both were sigmoid in character. Although potassium was released faster than hemoglobin, a cooperative relationship between potassium and hemoglobin within the intact red blood cell is suggested by this observation.

Studies Of Heart Development In Normal And Cardiac Lethal Mutant Axolotls: A Review, M. E. Fransen, L. F. Lemanski

Scanning Microscopy

The morphology of developing hearts in axolotls, Ambystoma mexicanum, has been studied by scanning electron microscopy in order to provide a chronology of morphogenesis that can be correlated with ongoing biochemical and immunocytochemical studies. In addition to normal embryos we have studied homozygous recessive cardiac lethal mutant axolotls. The mutant myocardium undergoes aberrant sarcomere development and lacks a normal heartbeat. Morphogenesis of mutant hearts appears to be nearly normal with respect to myocardial cell shape changes, epicardial formation, and the distribution of extracellular matrix fibrils in the cardiac jelly. This suggests that the deficient arrangement of contractile proteins in …

Cryofixation Of Heart Tissue For X-Ray Microanalysis, Alice Warley

Scanning Microscopy

Cryofixation of tissues is necessary to be able to study the concentrations of elements by X-ray microanalysis. Simple dissection of heart tissue fragments of the size needed for optimum cryofixation by the conventional methods of plunge or slam freezing leads to the development of ischaemia in the tissue fragments and a consequent redistribution of the diffusible elements. Heart tissue can be frozen in vivo using liquid nitrogen cooled Cu clad pliers, but the morphological detail is preserved better if the cooled pliers are exposed to liquefied propane immediately before freezing, Concentrations of Na are lower and concentrations of K are …

Bone Ingrowth Into Porous Coated Canine Total Hip Replacements. Quantification By Backscattered Scanning Electron Microscopy And Image Analysis, Murali Jasty, Charles R. Bragdon, Steven Schutzer, Harry Rubash, Teresa Haire, William H. Harris

Scanning Microscopy

Bone ingrowth into titanium fiber mesh porous-surfaced canine total hip replacement prostheses was evaluated and quantified using a computer assisted image analysis system attached to a scanning electron microscope equipped with a back scattered electron detector. Excellent contrast between the bone, the porous metal and the soft tissues resulted in the backscatter mode, allowing easy differentiation of these components in real time by the image analysis based on gray scales. By three weeks the mean (± standard deviation) amount of bone ingrowth expressed as a percentage of porous layer measured 7.2% (± 1.5%) for the acetabular components, and 3.9% (± …

Achilles Tendon Replacement By A Collagen Fiber Prosthesis: Morphological Evaluation Of Neotendon Formation., Arthur J. Wasserman, Y. Pedro Kato, David Christiansen, Michael G. Dunn, Frederick H. Silver

Scanning Microscopy

Reconstituted type I collagen was processed into fibers which were subsequently severely dehydrated and cyanamide cross-linked. Fibers prepared by this method were stronger and more resistant to degradation than uncrosslinked fibers. When used as a tendon replacement prosthesis, morphological events occurred which were observed by light, scanning, transmission electron microscopy and electron histochemistry.

Resorption was the initial host response to the prosthesis and involved gradual biodegradation. Formation of a host-replacement tendon was the second response. Increased collagen fibril diameters and a transition in the proteoglycan/collagen fibril interactions occurred in the newly developing connective tissue between 3 and 10 weeks post-implantation. …