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The Gendered Duality Of Coldness In The Portrayals Of Eliza Hayley, Francesca Blanch-Serrat

ABO: Interactive Journal for Women in the Arts, 1640–1830

In the eighteenth century, coldness was defined, on the one hand, in relation to the body and the senses (a body that is lacking in heat) and on the other, to emotion (an individual lacking in passion). It was linked to illness and disability (Turner, 2012), equated to death, seen as both a cause and effect of physical decline and older age, and used as a synonym for low libido and infertility (Toulalan, 2015). In contrast to these negative connotations, coldness was also regarded as a remedy to temper the passions and to ensure longevity (Yallop, 2015), and taking cold …

Curious Objects: Form And Feeling In Mary Leapor's Thing Poems, James Metcalf

ABO: Interactive Journal for Women in the Arts, 1640–1830

Mary Leapor (1722–1746) has long been recognized as something of a curiosity: a Northamptonshire kitchen maid with a rudimentary education who died at the age of 24, but who also wrote two volumes of poetry. In this essay I read Leapor’s “thing poems” to show how curiosity is also a supervening affective regime in her poetics. Minor and marginal, fixated by perverse objects which tend more to derail than deepen the production of knowledge, curiosity is an unsettling mode of inquiry because of its imaginative attachment to the strange stuff lurking within the ordinary as a diminished site of aesthetic …

Managerial Forms: Narrative, Information, And Household Government In The Diaries Of Sarah Cowper, Robert Stearn

ABO: Interactive Journal for Women in the Arts, 1640–1830

The diary of Sarah Cowper (written 1700-16) is characterized by elaborate techniques of information management and a sustained attention to the fractious emotional dynamics of her household. Bringing together historical scholarship on domestic service and literary analyses of organizing practices in print and manuscript, the article argues that the finding devices in Cowper’s seven-volume diary disclose a practical knowledge both textual and social—one which took the affective dynamics of the household as its object, but which was also shaped by and afloat in those dynamics. The article is in two parts. The first explores how Cowper’s information management practices were …

Epic Anger And Shame In Lucy Hutchinson’S Order And Disorder, Mary Trull

ABO: Interactive Journal for Women in the Arts, 1640–1830

In his didactic epic, De rerum natura, the Roman poet Lucretius rejects the unity of affect and genre in Homeric epic. Instead, in Lucretius anger is anti-heroic: the human race is demeaned by fear, cowering before a fabricated vision of vengeful gods. The gods are not angry, and human fear is therefore absurd, even shameful, since it leads to outrageous acts of appeasement that violate basic human decency. When Lucy Hutchinson, the first English translator of the full De rerum natura, approached the task of writing an epic version of the book of Genesis, affect was already a central, …

Queer Excess And Hybrid History In Elizabeth Cary’S Edward Ii, Kelley K. Glasgow

ABO: Interactive Journal for Women in the Arts, 1640–1830

Elizabeth Cary’s prose history The History of the Life, Reign, and Death of Edward II (1627) follows the fourteenth-century king of England, whose love affairs with his favorite courtiers ultimately resulted in his overthrow and execution. She identifies Edward’s queerness, and his resulting lack of emotional control, as central to his inability to govern England, and as an example of the dangers of excessive emotions for her readers. Because of Edward II’s complicated publishing and attribution history, much of the scholarly effort around this text has been spent attempting to interpret it through Cary’s personal life and political aims. …

True To Form: Genre And Critical Affect In The Study Of Early Modern Women’S Writing, Michelle M. Dowd

ABO: Interactive Journal for Women in the Arts, 1640–1830

This essay considers how incorporating the critical study of affect into feminist formalist analyses can help move the field of early modern women’s writing forward in new and productive ways. After a brief historical and theoretical overview of the relationship between formalism and feminism in the study of early modern women’s writing, the essay turns to the specific topic of genre and affect. Reading the affective registers of literary genre, which often requires reading across traditional period divides, can productively enable us to deepen our understanding of early modern women’s forms. However, turning our critical eye to our own affective …

Introduction: Affective And Emotional Encounters In/With British Women's Writing, 1600–1800, Anna-Rose Shack, Zoë Van Cauwenberg, Fauve Vandenberghe

ABO: Interactive Journal for Women in the Arts, 1640–1830

This special issue explores the methodological affordances of the fields of affect theory and the history of emotions in the study of women’s writing from the early modern period, the long eighteenth century and the Romantic period. It posits that the vocabularies of affect theory and the history of emotions offer a productive critical framework to approach historical women’s writing. In reading women’s writing through this lens, this special issue aims to model a theoretically flexible and historically informed approach to affect and emotions that may be taken up across and beyond traditional literary periodizations and in different forms of …

Testing A Way To Improve Satellite Gravity Estimates Of The Labrador Current, Calvin Rose, Don Chambers, Jenifer Bonin, Yao Fu

Making Waves REU

• The Labrador Current is an important component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and is the primary pathway for deep water transport from the subpolar North Atlantic southward (Kieke & Yashayaev, 2015)
• Given the importance of the AMOC in the climate system by redistributing heat, freshwater, carbon and nutrients, (Jacob et al., 2005) understanding the strength of the Labrador Current and its variability can help to better estimate the potential decline of this important current system (Groeskamp et al., 2016)
• A previous study (Meyer & Chambers, 2025) used satellite gravity measurements from the GRACE and GRACE Follow-on missions (GRACE/FO) …

Making Waves Podcast: Individual Science Communication With A Common Thread, C. Rose, H. Harrison, K. Coffie, E. Burke, A. Gielazyn, J. Kiplinger, L. Nofsinger, J. Cardin, E. Graves, S. Campbell, A. R. Arellano

Making Waves REU

• Give students tangible experience learning, working, and educating in the discipline of oceanographic research
• Provide an immersive ocean science experience for undergraduates
• Communicate research and findings to a general audience

Heatwaves Compounded With Flflooding In Tampa Bay: Intensity, Frequency, And Risks, Lucas Nofsinger, Ogugua Onochie, Sidharth Sudheer, Alejandra R. Enriquez

Making Waves REU

Rising coastal temperatures and intensity of heatwaves increasing the extremity of flooding events pose growing threats to the health and resilience of coastal communities. Building on recent global compound hazard assessments (Zhou et al., 2024), this study provides a high-resolution analysis of heatwave trends across the Tampa Bay area from 1993 to 2026 using land surface temperatures (LST). To evaluate compound hazards, flood maps were sourced for comparison. LST’s were derived from 30 m Landsat imagery to characterize temperature increases in the region. Utilizing LST climatology and land cover maps, spatial and temporal warming trends were investigated. Areas of rapid …

Characterizing The West Antarctic Ice Sheet Dynamics During Marine Isotope Stage 5 Using Analysis Of Iceberg Rafted Debris, Madelyn Krischer, Natalia Freedman, Trevor Williams

Making Waves REU

• The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is vulnerable to ocean warming because much of the ice rests on bedrock below sea level. Studying past warm periods helps improve our understanding of WAIS response to future climate change (Hopkins et al., 2024).
• Marine sediment cores from three sites around Antarctica (Figure 1) were analyzed, IODP Site U1533A (Amundsen Sea near Thwaites Glacier), IODP Site U1537 (Iceberg Alley), and ODP Site 1101 (west of the Antarctic Peninsula), allowing us to compare regional responses to ocean warming (Barker et al., 1999; Hopkins et al., 2024)
• Previously published magnetic susceptibility (MS) and Ba/Rb records …

Pitfalls Of Multiplied 3d Landforms Projection: Mapping Deep Multilevel Cave Systems In The Alps (Gamssteig Cave System, Göll Massif), Mateusz Golicz, Jacek Szczygieł

International Journal of Speleology

Cave mapping represents one of the most complex challenges in geomorphological cartography, as it must convey the true three-dimensional geometry of subterranean spaces such as overlapping passages, irregular cross-sections, and variable ceiling and floor morphologies, within a two-dimensional framework. This study examines the methodological and interpretive challenges of cave mapping, utilizing the Gamssteighöhle cave in the Austrian Alps as a case study. During the 11 years of exploration, over 10 km of passages were surveyed using the DistoX vector survey method. Yet, the complex morphological forms necessitated deviations from the standard symbology recommended by the International Union of Speleology. Several …

Correlation Analysis Of Factors Associated With Students’ Numeracy Skills Using Decision Tree Algorithms, Yenita Roza, Arisman Adnan, Zul Indra, Tuti Alawiyah

Numeracy

Numeracy is a critical competency for academic and everyday functioning. This study investigates the key factors associated with students’ numeracy skills by employing decision tree algorithms as a data mining technique. The dataset used in this study is educational assessment data from Indonesia. Utilizing a dataset comprising 6,953 entries and 60 variables from Education Report, the research adopts an exploratory approach involving data preprocessing, exploratory data analysis, and decision tree model construction. The findings reveal that students’ literacy skills serve as the most dominant predictor of numeracy proficiency, emerging as the root node in the decision tree structure. Additional associated …

Exploring Abundance Of Symbiotic Cyanobacterial Nitrogen Fixers On The West Florida Shelf, Julia Kiplinger, Emma Graves, Kristen Buck, Salvatore Caprara, Christa Baranowski, P. Dreux Chappell

Making Waves REU

• Nitrogen is essential for building DNA, RNA, and proteins
• N gas is the most abundant form of nitrogen, but it is unusable by most organisms
• Marine diazotrophs fix dissolved N in the ocean to make it bioavailable for other organisms to create amino acids and DNA
• The West Florida Shelf (WFS) is an oligotrophic yet highly productive region where nitrogen fixation is especially important for nutrient cycling
• Symbiotic cyanobacterial nitrogen fixers like UCYN-A1, UCYN-A2, and HET-2 have been previously shown in coastal waters but we are lacking general knowledge of them on the WFS
• This research will expand the understanding …

A Novel Approach To Characterizing The Plastisphere In The Marine Environment, Hannah E. Harrison, Lucas Morais De Abreu, Ojas Natarajan, Susanne L. Gibboney, Larry J. Dishaw

Making Waves REU

• The rise in plastic consumption and production has also created a rise in plastic pollution. This plastic waste breaks down into smaller particles over time called microplastics (MPs).
• These plastics move through the environment (and through the food chain), often ending up in our bodies(see Fig. 1) (Cindrella& Rinjith, 2025).
• In 2013, Zettler et al. found that microbes often colonize MPs and form biofilms on the surface. This ecosystem is referred to as the plastisphere.
• The effects of MPs on the environment and human health is not well understood, and studying these effects is challenging.
• One of these challenges is …

Abundance Of Free-Living Cyanobacterial Nitrogen Fixers On The West Florida Shelf, Ashley Gielazyn, Emma Graves, Christa Baranowski, Kristen Buck, Salvatore Caprara, P. Dreux Chappell

Making Waves REU

• Bio-available nitrogen is scarce in the ocean. An important source of bioavailable nitrogenisnitrogen fixation, which can only be done by select organisms.
• Trichodesmium is a cyanobacterial nitrogen fixer.
• T. thiebautii and T. erythraeum are considered the representative species of the two major clades of Trichodesmium.
• Trichodesmium can be found on the West Florida Shelf, which is a highly productive, yet oligotrophic environment.
• There is limited research on the abundance of nitrogen fixers such as Trichodesmium on the WFS, especially at the clade level.
• This project looks at where and in what quantities the two major clades of Trichodesmium can be …

Evaluating Retreat Of The West Antarctic Ice Sheet In Marine Isotope Stage 11 (~400,000 Years Ago) Through Quantification Of Ice Rafted Debris, Natalia Freedman, Madelyn Krischer, Trevor Williams

Making Waves REU

Quantification of ice-rafted debris (IRD) is a method for characterizing past ice-sheet behavior using the sedimentary record (McKay et al., 2022). IRD is a direct property of the sediment allowing for close examination of the ice sheet in relation to glacial and interglacial stages in Earth’s history, which are designated by Oxygen-18 excursions known as Marine Isotope Stages (MIS). Interglacial MIS-11 (~400,000 years ago) is studied as a partial analog to the current warming climate (Tzedakis et al., 2022), and we can use IRD in Antarctic deep sea sediment cores from this time to gain insight into what ice retreat …

Securing The Ai Supply Chain: Safeguarding U.S. Advantage In The Age Of Generative Ai, Ryan Gutwein

GNSI Decision Briefs

Artificial intelligence (AI) now supports nearly every domain of national power, from intelligence fusion and logistics to cyber defense and information operations. Unlike traditional defense systems, AI depends on a globally distributed supply chain spanning data, models, and compute. Other critical systems also rely on global supply chains, but AI is distinctive in its dependence on large-scale data, open-source software, and foreign-fabricated chips, each of which introduces distinct avenues for compromise.

The AI supply chain includes every stage of an algorithm’s lifecycle: data ingestion, labeling, model training, deployment, and post-deployment monitoring. Because these processes draw on open-source tools, commercial cloud …

Determining The Sources Of Aerosols Delivered To The Subtropical North Atlantic Using Stable Isotopes, Khloe E. Coffie, Zach B. Bunnell, Dylan J. Halbeisen, Peter N. Sedwick, Tim M. Conway

Making Waves REU

Atmospheric deposition of aerosols is a source of bioavailable trace metals1.

• Fe - Required by primary producers for photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation in the oceans2.
• Zn- Required for enzymes, carbonic anhydrase & alkaline phosphatase3.
• Cd- Found within phytoplankton, high quantities can become toxic 4.

Stable isotope ratios can be used as a tracer for source attribution.

• Anthropogenic-sourced metals have distinct isotopic composition compared to lithogenic dust sourced metals.
• Lithogenic Saharan dust signatures5 : δ⁵⁶Fe = +0.1‰, δ⁶⁶Zn = +0.3‰, and δ¹¹⁴Cd = +0.0‰.

Aerosols are deposited by two mechanisms1:

• Dry Deposition: The settling of …

Tidal Flooding Compounded With Extreme Temperatures In Tampa Bay, Jonicia Cardin, Ogugua Onochie, Sidharth Sudheer, Alejandra R. Enriquez

Making Waves REU

Coastal communities, like Tampa Bay, face growing compound hazards as tidal flooding and extreme temperatures increasingly co-occur. Tidal flooding is shallow, recurring inundation during routine king tides and intensifies in frequency and extent with sea level rise. In some instances, its cumulative impact on infrastructure and daily life can amount to that of a major hurricane over time (Moftakhari et al., 2018).

In Florida, this risk is heightened as king tides, peak temperatures, and hurricane season overlap in late summer and early fall. Zhou et al. (2024) identified flood-heat convergence as a global threat, but their focus on extreme sea …

Storm Surge Flooding Compounded With Extreme Temperatures In Tampa Bay, Emma Burke, Ogugua Onochie, Sidharth Sudheer, Alejandra R. Enriquez

Making Waves REU

Tampa Bay is highly exposed to compound hazards, as hurricane-driven storm surges and extreme heat events occur during Florida's summer months. Global studies project an increase in the frequency of these compound events (Zhou et al., 2024) as global temperatures and sea levels are on the rise (Sweet et al., 2021), yet globalscale assessments cannot capture local dynamics. We map storm surge flooding across Tampa Bay with future sea level rise projections and compare with surface temperature data to identify hotspots of extreme temperature and flooding. Nature-based solutions are evaluated at different locations to evaluate how mitigation strategies can enhance …

Oxygen Isotopic Signatures Of Neogloboquadrina Pachyderma From Last Glacial Maximum In Subarctic Waters, Abel Zuniga, Kevin Sosa, Mackenzie Cole, Hannah Burd, Alana Buffardi, Alexis Vargas, Calyn Crawford, Patrick Rafter

Making Waves REU

• δOxygen-18valueswere investigated withmass spectrometry
• Pre-existing and newly generated data were plotted to observe isotopic δ18O signatures during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)
• At 16,100 cal BP, the measured oxygen isotopes imply a transitional warming state of the global ocean

Changing High Water Exceedances In The Southeast U.S., Xavier Willis, Ian Kahn, Steven Meyers, Mark Luther

Making Waves REU

Sea level rise increases the likelihood that water levels will exceed flooding thresholds. This is particularly true for low-lying areas such as Florida. The rate of change of these exceedances is a topic of research, and important for planning community resilience to climate change. Data from NOAA coastal tide gauges for the Southeast U.S. were used to determine the annual 95th, 98th, and 99th percentile exceedance levels from 1975 to 2022, for each year and with Summer and Winter segments. Exceedance levels were on average 5-10% higher during Summer compared to Winter. The tide gauge station at Fernandina Beach had …

Identifying Idealized Firn Core Sample Rates Of Annual Snow Accumulation On Larsen-C Ice Shelf, Saneru A. Williams, Orion L. Schomber, Brad E. Rosenheim

Making Waves REU

• Larsen-C ice shelf (LCIS) (Figure 1) à largest ice shelf on the Antarctic Peninsula (AP)
• Eastern AP unstable (Table 1)
• Current stability uncertain

• Stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotopes in firn and ice provide climactic information
• Seasonality, annual accumulation, large-scale climactic modes
• Underutilized in firn

• Idealized sampling rates in firn have not been investigated across the LCIS
• Clear identification of sampling rates could provide insight for future firn core investigations

Do Upside-Down Jellyfish Influence Marine Macrofauna Assemblages?, Juleika Y. Vega Pérez, Natalia B. Lopez-Figueroa, Sebastian Digeronimo, Michael J. Schram, Milton Muñoz Hincapie, Elizabeth Stoner, Pamela Hallock

Making Waves REU

• Estuaries are essential ecosystems for many organisms as they serve as spawning areas and nurseries
• Macrofauna are crucial members of estuarine ecosystems
• Many estuary macrofauna are considered of commercial importance
• Jellyfish blooms can alter nutrient cycling and modify habitat
• Little is known about how other macrofauna respond to Cassiopea blooms
• This study documents composition and diversity of macrofauna associated with Cassiopea blooms in Jobos Bay, Puerto Rico

Assessing Carbon Stability In Mangroves Soil By Comparing Two Fractionation Methods, A. Vázquez Marrero, B. A. Aguilar Enriquez, B. E. Rosenheim

Making Waves REU

• Mangroves are vital ecosystems that help shield coastlines, provide habitat for diverse species, and act as significant carbon sinks.
• To protect and sustain their carbon storage capacity, exploring soil carbon stabilization processes are crucial.
• Soil Organic Matter (SOM) consists of Particulate Organic Matter (POM) and Mineral- Associated Organic Matter (MAOM).
• MAOM is considered one of the most stable and protected forms of carbon storage in soil, but it is difficult to quantify.

Utilizing Neogloboquadrina Pachyderma Abundance From The Pacific And Atlantic Oceans To Reconstruct Temperatures—Last Glacial Maximum (~20,000 Years Ago) To Present Day, Kevin Sosa, Alana Buffardi, Hannah Burd, Mackenzie Cole, Abel Zuniga, Calyn Crawford, Alexis Vargas, Patrick Rafter

Making Waves REU

• Quantifying the abundance of planktonic foraminifera (N.pachyderma & N. incompta) informs scientists about sea surface temperatures (SST) and chemistry.
• New work from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 15-25 KYA) finds ocean SSTs colder.

Assessing The Impact Of Visitors On Airborne Particle Deposition In The Giant Gypsum Geode Of Pulpí (Se Spain), Ana Camila Mendoza, Ángel Fernández-Cortés, Fernando Gázquez, Jesús Morilla, Milagros Carretero, Jose Maria Calaforra, David Benavente

International Journal of Speleology

The Giant Geode of Pulpí is a unique mineralogical phenomenon worldwide, remarkable for its large selenite gypsum crystals. Its recent development as a tourist site and inclusion on UNESCO’s Tentative World Heritage List, highlight the need to assess the impact of visits on its conservation. This study investigates airborne particle dynamics inside the Geode, focusing on tourist activity and natural ventilation. We measured deposition rates and composition of airborne particles using passive traps and a continuous laser-optical particle counter. Microenvironmental variables linked to ventilation, such as temperature and radon gas concentration (²²²Rn), were simultaneously monitored. Results show a predominance of …

Long-Term Trends In Harmful Algal Blooms And Key Environmental Variables Off Southwest-Central Florida, Zayna Sampson, Digna Rueda Roa, Lilly Verrill, F. Muller-Karger

Making Waves REU

• We analyzed long-term trends in satellite Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and Algal Bloom Index (ABI). We compared them with in-situ Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) counts in Southwest-Central Florida.
• Our statistics were based on anomalies to remove the seasonal signal, making it easier to observe inter-annual changes.
• The region experienced significant long-term increases in SST, with offshore areas warming faster than nearshore (offshore: >0.06 °C/year, close to shore: <0.05 °C/year).
• Both Chl-a and ABI showed weak but significant long-term decreases offshore.
• There were no significant correlations between HAB and satellite anomalies of SST, Chl-a, or ABI (p>0.1).

Long-Term Trends Of Satellite Sea Surface Temperature And Chlorophyll-A In South Florida, L. Robinson, Digna Rueda Roa, L. Verill, F. Muller-Karger

Making Waves REU

This project examined long-term trends in satellite Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in southern Florida. The analyses utilized anomalies of these variables, effectively eliminating the seasonal cycle to prevent a skew in the results. The longterm trends in SST revealed a significant increase over time across the entire region, with spatial variations in intensity ranging from 0.03°C/year in Florida Bay to 0.06°C/year offshore in the Gulf of Mexico. The long-term trends in Chl-a exhibited minimal variation over time, with an exception of the north lower Florida Keys, which experienced a notable increase of 0.02 mg m-2/year. The spatial …