Digital Commons Network^™

Literature Reviews: Summer 2026, Claire Stuyck

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Species Snapshot: Great-Tailed Grackle (Quiscalus Mexicanus), Steven Gabrey

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Inland Flyway Review: Fall 2024 Migration Report, Vernon Kleen

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Two Juvenile Gray Catbirds Undergo Likely Incomplete Molt In New Jersey Meadowlands, Cailin O’Connor, Michael Turso

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Encounters Of Banded Golden Eagles With Non-Functional Satellite Transmitters, Dale W. Stahlecker, Robert K. Murphy, Kenneth V. Jacobson

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Do Environmental Factors During Nesting Influence The Band Size Of Hatching Year Birds?, Audrey J. Hicks, Mark H. Conway, Timothy Brush

North American Bird Bander

We analyzed the relationship between the band size given to three species of Hatching Year (HY) birds and the average temperature and total rainfall received between May and July of the year they hatched. We selected 3 species that breed locally and each of which are commonly given different band sizes: Long‑billed Thrashers (Toxostoma longirostre), Green Jays (Cyanocorax yncas), and White‑eyed Vireos (Vireo griseus). Data were collected across 18 locations in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas between 1999 and 2024. There was a significant relationship between weather and band size given to HY Long‑billed Thrashers. The more rainfall …

An Instance Of Supernumerary Rectrices In A Carolina Chickadee In Arkansas, Kevin J. Krajcir, Maureen R. Mcclung

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Common Yellowthroat Populations At Chippewa Run, Leelanau County, Michigan (2011‑2024), Logan B. Clark, William C. Scharf, Alice Van Zoeren

North American Bird Bander

We summarized 13.5 years (2011- 2024) of Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) captures: 758 banded and 109 recaptured (14.4%), with spring - fall tick screening from 2011 to 2020 at the Chippewa Run banding station, Empire, Michigan. Age and sex composition was consistent between years, and capture phenology followed a repeatable sequence (After Hatching Year [AHY] males most common in spring, AHY females most common through summer, and Hatching Year [HY] individuals most common in late summer to fall). AHY males were largest, exhibiting bimodal distributions in both mass and wing chord, with fall individuals showing longer wings than those captured …

Front Matter, North American Bird Bander

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Back Matter, North American Bird Bander

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Smart Service Experience And Consumer Loyalty In Saudi Arabian Smart Hotels: The Mediating Roles Of Tourist Happiness And Value Co-Creation, Fahad M. Alhuqbani

Journal of Global Business Insights

Drawing on Cognitive-Affective System Theory (CAST), this study investigates the mediating roles of tourist happiness and willingness to co-create value in the relationship between Smart Service Experience (SSE) and loyalty among consumers of smart hotels in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from 367 guests who had stayed in a smart hotel in Saudi Arabia within the past year and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The findings reveal that SSE positively influences both tourist happiness and co-creation willingness, which in turn drive guest loyalty. Notably, the affective pathway through tourist happiness exerts a stronger effect on loyalty than …

Market Orientation And Strategic Performance In Global Firms: A Sequential Mediation Model Of Innovation And Supply Chain Resilience, Meisam Karami

Journal of Global Business Insights

This study examines how market orientation is associated with strategic performance in globally operating firms through the sequential mediating roles of innovation and supply chain resilience. Drawing on the Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities Theory, the research proposes a capability-sequencing framework in which market orientation reflects a sensing capability, innovation represents a seizing capability, and supply chain resilience embodies a reconfiguring capability that stabilizes value creation under environmental disruption. Using cross-sectional survey data from 356 manufacturing and service firms engaged in international activities, partial least squares structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypothesized relationships. The results indicate that …

Motivation, Empowerment, And Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Pls-Sem Analysis Of Female Students In Algeria, Lotfi Mekhzoumi, Salima Ben Omar, Abderrazak Laouid, Sabrina Chikh-Amnache

Journal of Global Business Insights

This paper investigates the multidimensional nature of women’s empowerment and its impact on entrepreneurial intentions among female students at the University of El Oued, Algeria. It aims to clarify how motivational factors and perceived barriers interact with psychological, social, political, and economic empowerment to shape entrepreneurial aspirations in a developing economy context. A stratified sample of 353 female university students was used for quantitative research. A validated online questionnaire assessed entrepreneurial intention, motivation, empowerment, and barriers. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to test direct, indirect, and mediating effects between constructs, along with rigorous reliability and validity …

Technological Appropriation As A Strategic Policy In Smes: Building Anticipatory Capabilities For Digital Transformation, Hernán Cornejo

Journal of Global Business Insights

Abstract: Technological appropriation has become a critical strategic issue for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) undergoing digital transformation. While many SMEs adopt digital tools to address immediate operational needs, fewer succeed in embedding them into organizational routines, strategic decision-making, and long-term adaptation. This study examines technological appropriation as a key mechanism through which SMEs convert digital adoption into strategic organizational capability. Drawing on the literature on technological appropriation, dynamic capabilities, and strategic foresight, the paper proposes and empirically tests an integrated model. A mixed-methods design was employed, combining a survey of 198 SMEs from Argentina, Chile, and Colombia with 15 …

A Game-Theoretic Approach To Customer Rating Of Hotels On Ota Platforms, George Lymperis, Lambros B. Drossos

Journal of Global Business Insights

This study develops a game-theoretic model of moral hazard in hotel–guest interactions on Online Travel Agency (OTA) platforms, addressing a question the reputation literature has largely overlooked: can customer reviews discipline hotel behavior even in genuinely one-shot transactions, where a guest and hotel never interact again? Standard repeated-game accounts of reputation rely on a shadow of the future that is absent in tourist-dependent markets dominated by one-time visitors. Drawing on principal–agent theory and community-enforcement models of reputation, we model the hotel–guest interaction as a static moral hazard game in which a neutral OTA verifies and enforces review-based penalties. Hotels choose …

The Competence Architecture Of Nonprofit Organizations: A Conceptual Model Linking Leadership, Governance, And Human-Capital Systems To Institutional Credibility, Franklin Livingston

Journal of Global Business Insights

Nonprofit organizations are judged through the competence of visible leaders, yet organizational competence is not reducible to the capabilities of any single executive. Reviews of nonprofit capacity report inconsistent associations between organizational capacity and performance. This conceptual article proposes a theoretical explanation for that inconsistency, one that remains compatible with methodological explanations. It develops a model of nonprofit competence architecture in which competence is an output that organizational systems continuously produce, correct, retain, and make visible, not a stock organizations possess. A theory-synthesis design specifies four mechanisms: Leadership-formation systems generate managerial capability; governance systems detect and partially compensate for capability …

Algorithms In Battle: Ai, International Relations, And Future Warfare, Nikos Koutsoupias, Kyriakos Mikelis, Marios Nosios

Journal of Strategic Security

This study examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming contemporary warfare, with a particular emphasis on its applications in unmanned aerial platforms, sensor networks, and decision-support architectures. The analysis examines current operational uses, the algorithmic processes that enable them, and empirical insights drawn from the Russian-Ukrainian War. Findings indicate that machine learning enhances key military functions, including surveillance, navigation, targeting, fire coordination, and maintaining communication networks under conditions of electronic disruption. The emergence of loitering munitions and autonomous navigation systems reflects a pattern of incremental innovation, wherein automation augments operational efficiency without displacing human authority in decisions involving …

Counterintelligence At Its Core – Assessing And Preventing Foreign Espionage. By Kevin Riehle. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2025., Mike W. Parrott

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

Transitional Terrorism In South Asia: Understanding The Kuki-Chin National Front Using The Crime-Terror Nexus, Masrur Mahmud Khan

Journal of Strategic Security

The emergence of the Kuki-Chin National Front (KNF) within the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) has engendered considerable concern within the domains of domestic and national security. Although the group’s political objectives have evolved from secessionist ambitions towards demands for regional autonomy, KNF has simultaneously engaged in profit-driven criminal activities. Thus, KNF exemplifies a hybrid organization, embodying both political and economic imperatives and operating at the intersection of insurgency, terrorism, and organized crime. In this context, the present qualitative study adopts the ‘crime-terror nexus’ as its analytical framework, positing that KNF represents a hybrid entity defined by its dual political aspirations …

China’S Path To Dominance: Preparing For Confrontation With The United States. By Derek Levine. Boulder: Keypoint Press, 2025., Martin Widzer

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

The Polar Pivot: Great Power Competition In The Arctic And Antarctica. By Ryan Patrick Burke. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2022., Collin Thigpen

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

Parallel Failures: The Recurring Logic Of Interventionist Blunders From Ukraine To Mexico, Jerjes Aguirre Ochoa, Jorge Alejandro Vázquez Valdez

Journal of Strategic Security

This article argues that a potential US military intervention in Mexico, predicated on securitizing cartels as terrorist threats, would replicate strategic failures seen in interventions like Russia’s in Ukraine. Through a comparative framework of three variables—securitization, underestimated nationalist resistance, and neglected co-responsibility—the analysis shows how external force applied to structural crises provokes nationalist backlash. In Mexico, any intervention would reactivate historical memory of US interference, triggering broad institutional and social resistance. The core security challenge is not the cartels but Mexico's institutional fragility: systemic impunity, subnational governance deficits, and weak checks and balances. Therefore, militarized approaches are counterproductive. As a …

Complex Adaptive Resilience And Asymmetrical Balancing: Russia And The 2022 Sanctions Regime, Renny Puspitarini, Sartika Soesilowati, Kacung Marijan, Ahmad Iskandar Rahmansyah

Journal of Strategic Security

The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine prompted unprecedented Western sanctions, which amounted to more than 23,000 sanctions during 2022-2024. However, these sanctions failed to fulfill their designated objective of influencing the end of the Russia-Ukraine War. Russian responses to progressively augmented sanctions have sparked debates surrounding microeconomic sovereignty, macroeconomic adaptability, and, foremost, resilience. The article’s findings reveal that while sanctions have not brought the Russian Federation to acquiesce, they have catalyzed a structural, politically induced policy shift into a Complex Adaptive Resilience (CAR) framework. Russia's ability to build resilience against sanctions has been manifested structurally in its strategy to reinforce …

Was The Us Invasion Of Iraq A Mistake, Or Are We Missing The Emergence Of A Promising Democracy?, Robert Burrell, Arman Mahmoudian, John Pennell

Journal of Strategic Security

This study evaluates the long-term impact of the 2003 US invasion of Iraq on its democratic development, social stability, and regional geopolitics. Utilizing a comprehensive data-driven approach, including metrics on governance resilience, national morale, political dynamics, economic indicators, and security sector reforms, the research assesses progress over two decades. Findings indicate gradual improvements in Iraq’s democratic institutions, public confidence, and economic resilience, despite persistent challenges such as corruption, sectarian divisions, and regional influence from Iran and neighboring states. The analysis suggests that Iraq’s resilience and evolving political landscape could foster a nascent democracy capable of regional influence if key reforms …

Between Markets And Maritime Might: India’S Engagements In The Indo-Pacific’S Emerging Order, Akriti Khajuria, Arushi Anthal

Journal of Strategic Security

In the strategic landscape of the Indo-Pacific, economic cooperation and security imperatives often converge in complex and sometimes conflicting ways. This strategic region has emerged as a critical arena where global and regional powers alike pursue economic engagement while recalibrating security postures in response to shifting geopolitical currents. Within this dynamic environment, India occupies a pivotal position as an emerging power seeking to reconcile its economic aspirations with evolving security challenges. This article explores how India negotiates the interplay between deepening economic integration, especially with major actors such as China and the US, while maintaining strategic autonomy and sovereignty. Anchored …

Structural Dependency: Nato, Defense Industry Politics, And Europe’S Stagnation, Diane M. Zorri

Journal of Strategic Security

Europe’s defense industrial base (DIB) weaknesses are commonly attributed to underinvestment, fragmented policies, or a lack of European cohesiveness. This article advances an alternative explanation: European defense industrial dependency has emerged through institutionalized alliance structures that systematically privileged US capabilities and incentives, becoming self-reinforcing and difficult for European actors to exit, even as their strategic preferences evolved. Drawing on dependency theory, path dependence, and theories of alliance politics, this article argues that transatlantic security arrangements established during the early Cold War, most notably NATO’s integrated command structures, defense procurement norms, and interoperability requirements, have generated long-lasting asymmetries in production, technology, …

Reinterpreting The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam Dispute In The Nile Basin Through The Game Theories Of Attrition And Bargaining, Olileanya Amuche Ezugwu, Felix C. Chidozie, Adeola A. Adebajo

Journal of Strategic Security

Why have more than a decade of negotiations, mediation efforts, and diplomatic interventions failed to produce a binding agreement on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD)? This article examines the hydro-politics of the Nile Basin through the lens of game theory, focusing on how bargaining behavior, strategic persistence, and competing perceptions of gains and losses shape state interactions. Drawing on the game of attrition and the bargaining game, the study analyzes the evolving strategies of Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan in the context of dam construction, filling, and operation. Rather than viewing the dispute solely as a contest over water allocation, …

Teaching Strategic Intelligence In Political Transition, Henry W. Prunckun

Journal of Strategic Security

Scholarship on intelligence ethics centers on operations, leaving the ethics of intelligence education and capacity-building under-theorized. This article develops retrospective moral reappraisal (RMR): the delayed moral reclassification of earlier teaching as ethically compromised when political transition and new public knowledge recontextualize what that teaching may have enabled. It argues that RMR is a pathway to moral injury because the injurious event is later learning—not the original classroom act—that one’s contribution is now plausibly implicated in harm. Linking RMR to complicity and enabling under uncertainty, the article clarifies how foreseeability, professional role morality, and leverage shape responsibility without requiring causal certainty …

Florida's Lifeline In Focus: Nremt Performance Review 2025, M. Lozano Jr.

Florida Center for Emergency Medical Services Research Reports

Executive Summary

This report analyzes first-attempt pass rates on the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT) certification examinations for Florida's approved EMT and paramedic training programs across the 2023 through 2025 graduating cohorts, using certification data provided by the Florida Department of Health. Results are examined statewide, by Bureau of Emergency Medical Oversight (BEMO) region, and at the program level. The report concludes with evidence-based recommendations on initial training and continuing education.

Florida's EMT programs are performing at the national standard. In 2025, the state's 5,873 EMT candidates passed on their first attempt at 74.1%, statistically indistinguishable from the …

Policy Brief For Florida's Lifeline In Focus: Nremt Performance Review 2025, M. Lozano Jr.

Florida Center for Emergency Medical Services Research Reports

Florida's EMS education system presents two different policy stories at the EMT and paramedic levels. EMT performance is encouraging: 5,873 Florida EMT candidates achieved a 74.1% first-attempt pass rate in 2025, statistically indistinguishable from the national benchmark of 73.2%, and the statewide rate improved 5.5 percentage points from 2023. The EMT level supports continued monitoring rather than broad intervention.

Paramedic education remains the principal concern. Among 1,869 Florida paramedic candidates in the 2025 cohort, 63.4% passed on the first attempt, compared with 72.9% nationally - a 9.5-point gap. The 2025 rate improved 3.5 points from 2023, but the longer record …