Digital Commons Network^™

Random If Not Rare: The Eighth Amendment Weaknesses Of Post-Miller Legislation, Kimberly Thomas

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

State Of Fear: Domestic Violence In South Carolina, Matthew Robins

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

If Its Walks Like Systematic Exclusion And Quacks Like Systematic Exclusion: Follow-Up On Removal Of Women And African-Americans In Jury Selection In South Carolina Capital Cases, 1997-2014, Ann M. Eisenberg, Amelia Courtney Hritz, Caisa Elizabeth Royer, John H. Blume

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Dime For Your Time: A Case For Compensating The Wrongfully Convicted In South Carolina, Chelsea N. Evans

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Talking Telemedicine And Terminology: The South Carolina Telemedicine Act, Creasie M. Parrott

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Economic Burden Of Tuberculosis Among Bangladeshi Population And Economic Evaluation Of The Current Approaches Of Tuberculosis Control In Bangladesh, Mohammad Rifat Haider

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is major scourge for human history and causes profound economic burden. Bangladesh is a high burden TB country with 12% of its annual death is caused and 362 thousand people are infected by TB. DS-TB is the most prominent type of TB found in Bangladesh and a 6 month drug regimen (2 month intensive and 4 month continuation phase) is followed. But the directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) differ in delivery through community health workers (CHW) and community members (CM). Bangladesh has also experienced surge in the number of MDR-TB cases with a 29% of MDR-TB cases …

Effect Of Stigma And Advocacy On Our State Of Mental Health: A Scientific And Personal Approach, Hannah Giangaspro

Senior Theses

The prevalence of mental health disorders amongst college students, especially studentathletes and honors students, has reached dangerously high levels. Furthermore, the stigma associated with mental disorders has been proven to prevent the struggling population from seeking help for themselves through mental health services. This study examined the relationship between mental health and college students (i.e. undergraduates, student-athletes, and honors students), as well as the effects of mental health advocacy on the speaker and the listener. Study participants consisted primarily of NCAA Division I undergraduate studentathletes at the University of South Carolina, with a sample size of 116. Results indicated that …

The Lateral Occipital Cortex Is Selective For Object Shape, Not Texture/Color, At Six Months, Lauren L. Emberson, Stephen L. Crosswhite, J. E. Richards, Richard N. Aslin

Faculty Publications

Understanding howthe human visual system develops is crucialto understandingthe nature and organization of our complex and varied visual representations. However, previous investigations of the development of the visual system using fMRI are primarily confined to a subset of the visual system (high-level vision: faces, scenes) and relatively late in visual development (starting at 4 –5 years of age). The current study extends our understanding of human visual development by presenting the first systematic investigation of a mid-level visual region [the lateral occipital cortex (LOC)] in a population much younger than has been investigated in the past: 6 month olds. We …

Neural Correlates Of Face Processing In Etiologically-Distinct 12-Month-Old Infants At High-Risk Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Maggie W. Guy, J. E. Richards, Bridgette L. Tonnsen, Jane E. Roberts

Faculty Publications

Neural correlates of face processing were examined in 12-month-olds at high-risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including 21 siblings of children with ASD (ASIBs) and 15 infants with fragile X syndrome (FXS), as well as 21 low-risk (LR) controls. Event-related potentials were recorded to familiar and novel face and toy stimuli. All infants demonstrated greater N290 amplitude to faces than toys. At the Nc component, LR infants showed greater amplitude to novel stimuli than to their mother’s face and own toy, whereas infants with FXS showed the opposite pattern of responses and ASIBs did not differentiate based on familiarity. These …

Patients Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy For Prostate Cancer Have An Increased Risk Of Depressive Disorder, Shiu-Dong Chung, Li-Ting Kao, Herng-Ching Lin, Sudha Xirasagar Mbbs., Ph.D., Chung-Chien Huang, Hsin-Chien Lee

Publications

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) results in testosterone suppression, a hypothesized mechanism linking ADT to depressive symptoms. This study investigated the relationship between ADT and the risk of subsequently being diagnosed with depressive disorder (DD) during a 3-year follow-up period. The patient sample for this population-based, retrospective cohort study was retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. We included all 1714 patients aged over 40 years with a first-time diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC) during 2001 to 2010 who did not have an orchiectomy. Among them, we defined 868 patients who received ADT during the 3-year follow-up period as …

March 1, 2017 Faculty Senate Minutes, University Of South Carolina

Faculty Senate

No abstract provided.

The Enforcement Of Moral Boundaries Promotes Cooperation And Prosocial Behavior In Groups, Brent Simpson, Rob Willer, Ashley Harrell

Faculty Publications

The threat of free-riding makes the marshalling of cooperation from group members a fundamental challenge of social life. Where classical social science theory saw the enforcement of moral boundaries as a critical way by which group members regulate one another’s self-interest and build cooperation, moral judgments have most often been studied as processes internal to individuals. Here we investigate how the interpersonal expression of positive and negative moral judgments encourages cooperation in groups and prosocial behavior between group members. In a laboratory experiment, groups whose members could make moral judgments achieved greater cooperation than groups with no capacity to sanction, …

Neighborhood Environment And Falls Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults, Emily Joy Nicklett, Matthew C. Lohman Ph.D., Matthew Lee Smith

Faculty Publications

Background: Falls present a major challenge to active aging, but the relationship between neighborhood factors and falls is poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between fall events and neighborhood factors, including neighborhood social cohesion (sense of belonging, trust, friendliness, and helpfulness) and physical environment (vandalism/graffiti, rubbish, vacant/deserted houses, and perceived safety walking home at night). Methods: Data were analyzed from 9259 participants over four biennial waves (2006–2012) of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative sample of adults aged 65 and older in the United States. Results: In models adjusting for demographic and health-related covariates, a one-unit …

Naturally-Occurring Changes In Social-Cognitive Factors Modify Change In Physical Activity During Early Adolescence, Rod K. Dishman, Marsha Dowda, Kerry L. Mciver, Ruth P. Saunders, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

Purpose

To determine whether naturally-occurring changes in children’s motives and beliefs are associated with the steep decline in physical activity observed from childhood to early adolescence.

Methods

Latent growth modeling was applied in longitudinal tests of social-cognitive influences, and their interactions, on physical activity in a large cohort of boys and girls evaluated annually between 5th and 7th grades.

Results

Measurement equivalence of motives and beliefs was confirmed between boys and girls. After adjustment for gender and maturity differences, physical activity declined less in children who reported the least decreases in self-efficacy for overcoming barriers to activity and perceived parental …

February 1, 2017 Faculty Senate Minutes, University Of South Carolina

Faculty Senate

No abstract provided.

Ideology, Race, And The Death Penalty: "Lies, Damn Lies, And Statistics" In Advocacy Research, Anthony Walsh, Virginia Hatch

Journal of Ideology

We use the literature on race in death penalty to illustrate the hold that ideology has on researchers and journalists alike when a social issue is charged with emotional content. We note particularly how statistical evidence become misinterpreted in ways that support a particular ideology, either because of innumeracy or because—subconsciously or otherwise—one’s ideology precludes a critical analysis. We note that because white defendants are now proportionately more likely to receive the death penalty and to be executed than black defendants that the argument has shifted from a defendant-based to a victim-based one. We examine studies based on identical data …

The Slow Food Movement: A 'Big Tent' Ideology, Mark N. Wexler, Judy Oberlander, Arjun Shankar

Journal of Ideology

The Slow Food Movement (SFM) has been characterized as a reminder of the centrality of the kitchen in the “good old days”. It has also been referred to as a poor use of science posing as a rallying point for the beleaguered middle class trying to reclaim psychological territory lost to the fast-paced commercialization of what was once private or leisure time. This paper argues that both these criticisms contain more than a kernel of truth. However, each misses the mark when it comes to explaining the relative successes of SFM. In this paper, we explore SFM’s basic ideological premises. …

Hair Measurements Of Cortisol, Dhea, And Dhea To Cortisol Ratio As Biomarkers Of Chronic Stress Among People Living With Hiv In China: Known-Group Validation, Shan Qiao Ph.D., Xiaoming Li, Samuele Zilioli, Zheng Chen, Huihua Deng, Juxian Pan, Weigui Guo

Faculty Publications

Background

Existing literature suggests that endocrine measures, including the steroid hormones of cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), as well as the DHEA to cortisol ratio in the human hair can be used as promising biomarkers of chronic stress among humans. However, data are limited regarding the validity of these measures as biomarkers of chronic stress among people living with HIV (PLWH), whose endocrine system or hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis may be affected by HIV infection and/or antiretroviral therapy (ART) medications.

Method

Using hair sample data and self-reported survey from 60 PLWH in China, we examined the validity of three endocrine …

Ethnicity, Stigma And Adherence To Antiretroviral Therapy (Art) Among People Living With Hiv/Aids In Guangxi, China, Yuchen Mao, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Shan Qiao Ph.D., Yuejiao Zhou, Qun Zhao

Faculty Publications

This study examines the impact of ethnicity and multiple types of HIV-related stigma on adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among 2,146 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Guangxi, China who had initiated ART. The results of multiple binary logistic regressions indicate that those who had experienced enacted stigma tended to report lower adherence, while better adherence was associated with older age, being women and having a job. Ethnicity had a moderator effect on the association between internalized stigma and adherence since better adherence was associated with lower internalized stigma among participants in ethnic minority groups other than Zhuang. Our findings …

The Daily Gamecock, Monday, January 11, 2016, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

January

No abstract provided.

Developmental Markers Of Genetic Liability To Autism In Parents: A Longitudinal, Multigenerational Study, Molly Losh, Gary E. Martin, Michelle Lee, Jessica Klusek, John Sideris, Sheila Barron, Thomas Wassink

Faculty Publications

Genetic liability to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be expressed in unaffected relatives through subclinical, genetically meaningful traits, or endophenotypes. This study aimed to identify developmental endophenotypes in parents of individuals with ASD by examining parents' childhood academic development over the school-age period. A cohort of 139 parents of individuals with ASD were studied, along with their children with ASD and 28 controls. Parents' childhood records in the domains of language, reading, and math were studied from grades K-12. Results indicated that relatively lower performance and slower development of skills (particularly language related skills), and an uneven rate of development …

The Trolley And The Pinto: Cost-Benefit Analysis In Automated Driving And Other Cyber-Physical Systems, Bryant Walker Smith

Faculty Publications

Automated driving has attracted substantial public and scholarly attention. This brief Article describes how that attention has brought new fame to a classic philosophical thought experiment (the “trolley problem”), critiques how this thought experiment has been applied in that context, proposes a more practical extension of that experiment based on risk rather than harm, notes that this extension may still involve programming value judgments, argues with reference to the Ford Pinto debacle that these judgments could inflame juries or the public at large, and emphasizes the need for appropriately focused public discussion of these issues. The Article may be especially …

Clean Electrification, Shelley Welton

Faculty Publications

To combat climate change, many leading states have adopted the aim of creating a “participatory” grid. In this new model, electricity is priced based on time of consumption and carbon content, and consumers are encouraged to adjust their behavior and adopt new technologies to maintain affordable electricity. Although a more participatory grid is an important component of lowering greenhouse gas emissions, it also raises a new problem of clean energy justice: utilities and consumer advocates claim that such policies unjustly benefit the rich at the expense of the poor, given the type of consumer best able to participate in the …

The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, December 7, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

December

No abstract provided.

The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, February 23, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

February

No abstract provided.

The Daily Gamecock, Monday, January 23, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

January

No abstract provided.

The Daily Gamecock, Wednesday, July 19, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

July

No abstract provided.

The Daily Gamecock, Wednesday, July 12, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

July

No abstract provided.

The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, March 16, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

March

No abstract provided.

The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, November 2, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

November

No abstract provided.