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Social Networks As Predictors Of Musculoskeletal Injury In U.S. Army Soldiers (Snap-Mski), Kristen L. Zosel Jan 2024

Social Networks As Predictors Of Musculoskeletal Injury In U.S. Army Soldiers (Snap-Mski), Kristen L. Zosel

Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) are the leading cause of medical non-readiness among U.S. Army Soldiers, costing the Military Health System an estimated $4.7 billion annually in direct and indirect costs. Current MSKI mitigation efforts focus on individual attributes such as body mass index and gender. However, emerging research highlights the significance of social ties on health outcomes and behaviors. This study examined the patterns of MSKI within military social networks and how social interactions, along with health behaviors such as sleep, physical activity (PA), and diet, co-occur in Soldiers with and without MSKI. METHODS: Phase 1 involved a cross-sectional sociocentric …

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Terror And Time: Analyzing Homegrown Terrorism In The United States, Kyser Daniels-Baessler Jan 2024

Terror And Time: Analyzing Homegrown Terrorism In The United States, Kyser Daniels-Baessler

Theses and Dissertations

The events of September 11th, 2001, prompted a global reckoning with the threat of international terrorism, leading to intensified awareness and policy responses worldwide. However, amidst this heightened global focus, the United States has faced a concerning rise in politically motivated violence on its soil. Against this backdrop, this thesis delves into the phenomenon of homegrown terrorism within the United States from 2000 to 2020. By employing advanced geospatial techniques, this study seeks to pinpoint areas nationwide with elevated rates of homegrown terrorist incidents. Moreover, it endeavors to uncover potential temporal correlations between these acts of violence and significant events, …

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Associations Between Parenting Factors, Self-Efficacy, And Physical Activity Levels In Overweight African American Adolescents, Noelle Mink Jan 2024

Associations Between Parenting Factors, Self-Efficacy, And Physical Activity Levels In Overweight African American Adolescents, Noelle Mink

Senior Theses

While there is extensive research on physical activity (PA) and the role it plays in preventing obesity, African American populations remain understudied despite reporting lower levels of PA compared to White Americans. Particularly, PA in adolescence has several indications for the development of healthy adult lifestyles. Additionally, there is limited data on the relationship between parenting factors and adolescent PA in overweight African American adolescents, despite theories that suggest that authoritative parenting factors, such as demandingness (e.g., control, monitoring) and responsiveness (e.g., warmth), can influence adolescent behaviors, including their motivation and self-efficacy for engaging in PA. Confidence in one’s ability …

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The Leadership Blind Spot: Why Are Black Boys Missing From The School’S Leadership Positions?, Chima Ikeme Jan 2024

The Leadership Blind Spot: Why Are Black Boys Missing From The School’S Leadership Positions?, Chima Ikeme

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this phenomenological action research study was to explore the factors that have contributed to the absence of Black boys in school leadership positions. The study looked to answer the following research questions: How do Black male students perceive leadership and their connection to leadership roles on campus? What barriers exist that discourage or prohibit Black boys from engaging in school organization student leadership positions? How can student leadership from Black boys on campus be increased?Critical Race Theory, Transformational Leadership Theory, and Self Determination Theory served as the theoretical frameworks that grounded this study. Utilizing a qualitative approach …

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Digital Usage Of Indian Teleworkers In Home Settings: A Digital Inclusion Framework, Anindita Paul, Borchuluun Yadamsuren, Kim M. Thompson Jan 2024

Digital Usage Of Indian Teleworkers In Home Settings: A Digital Inclusion Framework, Anindita Paul, Borchuluun Yadamsuren, Kim M. Thompson

Faculty Publications

This research focuses on ICT adoption and digital use by teleworkers operating from their homes during the pandemic in India. A two-phase mixed-method approach is used: Phase 1 involved in-depth interviews with three individuals during the pandemic, findings from which were used along with the Factors Affecting Digital Inclusion (FDI) model (Thompson & Paul, 2020) to develop the survey instrument for Phase 2. This survey was distributed to professionals via listservs, and the FDI model was subsequently utilized to analyze the survey responses. The study’s findings highlighted multiple factors related to digital inclusion among teleworkers that could impact work productivity. …

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Linking Ethical Leadership To Organizational Citizenship Behavior And Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior, Jinhee Kim Jan 2024

Linking Ethical Leadership To Organizational Citizenship Behavior And Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior, Jinhee Kim

Theses and Dissertations

The significance of ethical leadership has recently garnered considerable attention from both academia and practitioners. However, despite its reputation for facilitating ethical conduct and preventing unethical conduct, there are inconsistencies in the findings about its relationship with (un)ethical pro-organizational behaviors such as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB). Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is to delve deeply into the influence of ethical leadership on OCB and UPB. Through three interrelated papers, I seek insights into how ethical leadership can drive ethical pro-organizational behaviors that are compatible with broader societal norms. In Paper 1, while noting a …

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Engaging With Culturally Relevant Curriculum Development Practice In First-Year Writing Courses Through A Community Of Practice, Mitchell Dallas Herring Jan 2024

Engaging With Culturally Relevant Curriculum Development Practice In First-Year Writing Courses Through A Community Of Practice, Mitchell Dallas Herring

Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative action research study provides a case study of a community of practice (CoP) comprised of six faculty who teach first-year writing at Southern Technical College (pseudonym) as they engaged with culturally relevant teaching to review their curriculum development practices. The guiding question of this study was: How does engagement with culturally relevant pedagogy within a community of practice impact faculty who teach first-year writing's curriculum development practice, especially given their perceptions of students' needs and literacies? The study used a case study research design to document the faculty's experiences discussing and reflecting on their practice and perceptions of …

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Diversity Across Disciplines: Student Response To Dei Content In College Curricula, Angela Pettitt Jan 2024

Diversity Across Disciplines: Student Response To Dei Content In College Curricula, Angela Pettitt

Theses and Dissertations

Discussion and inclusion of diversity-related topics in higher education are often confined to specific courses designated as fulfilling a university-mandated diversity requirement such as courses in women's studies, Black history or literature, Eastern religions, among others. Mainstream general education courses in disciplines such as psychology, chemistry, or communications typically do not address diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) topics as part of the curriculum, even if individual textbooks, courses, or faculty work to improve such courses' pluralism. However, as the U.S. population becomes both more diverse and segregated, and as DEI initiatives come under fire from state legislators, students receive conflicting …

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Neurosymbolic Value-Inspired Ai (Why, What, And How), Amit Sheth, Kaushik Roy Jan 2024

Neurosymbolic Value-Inspired Ai (Why, What, And How), Amit Sheth, Kaushik Roy

Publications

The rapid progression of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, facilitated by the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), has resulted in their widespread application to provide human assistance across diverse industries. This trend has sparked significant discourse centered around the ever-increasing need for LLM-based AI systems to function among humans as part of human society, sharing human values, especially as these systems are deployed in high-stakes settings (e.g., healthcare, autonomous driving, etc.). Towards this end, neurosymbolic AI systems are attractive due to their potential to enable easy-tounderstand and interpretable interfaces for facilitating valuebased decision-making, by leveraging explicit representations of shared values. …

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Causal Neuro-Symbolic Ai: A Synergy Between Causality And Neuro-Symbolic Methods, Utkarshani Jaimini, Cory Henson, Amit Sheth Jan 2024

Causal Neuro-Symbolic Ai: A Synergy Between Causality And Neuro-Symbolic Methods, Utkarshani Jaimini, Cory Henson, Amit Sheth

Publications

Causal Neuro-Symbolic AI combines the benefits of causality with Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence (NeSyAI). More specifically, it (1) enriches NeSyAI systems with explicit representations of causality, (2) integrates causal knowledge with domain knowledge, and (3) enables the use of NeSyAI techniques for causal AI tasks. The explicit causal representation yields insights that predictive models may fail to analyze from observational data. It can also assist people in decision-making scenarios where discerning the cause of an outcome is necessary to choose among various interventions.

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Ontolog Summit 2024 Talk Report: Healthcare Assistance Challenges-Driven Neurosymbolic Ai, Kaushik Roy Jan 2024

Ontolog Summit 2024 Talk Report: Healthcare Assistance Challenges-Driven Neurosymbolic Ai, Kaushik Roy

Publications

Although Artificial Intelligence technology has proven effective in providing healthcare assistance by analyzing health data, it still falls short in supporting decision-making. This deficiency largely stems from the predominance of opaque neural networks, particularly in mental health care AI applications, which raise concerns about their unpredictable and unverifiable nature. This skepticism hinders the transition from information support to decision support. This presentation will explore neurosymbolic approaches that combine neural networks with symbolic control and verification mechanisms. These approaches aim to unlock AI’s full potential by enhancing information analysis and decision-making support for healthcare assistance1.

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Maximizing Organizational Effectiveness: Ncaa Division Iii Administrator Core Values And Departmental Culturization, Coyte G. Cooper, Erianne A. Weight Dec 2023

Maximizing Organizational Effectiveness: Ncaa Division Iii Administrator Core Values And Departmental Culturization, Coyte G. Cooper, Erianne A. Weight

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

The purpose of this study was to explore Division III athletic administrator perceptions of organizational values through a lens of core value culturalization literature. Survey methodology was utilized to garner responses from 192 Division III head athletic directors [n = 75] and lower level (senior, associate, or assistant) athletic directors [n = 117]. Cumulative administrator emphasis on the “student-athlete experience” and “academic excellence” as top priorities demonstrates support that the mission of these Division III departments is to provide student-athletes with a high quality educational experience both in the classroom and in athletic competition (NCAA Division III, 2011). Analysis of …

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The Perceptions And Effects Of Community Service Participation Among Intercollegiate Men’S Basketball Players, Brittney D. Jarvie, Amanda L. Paule-Koba Dec 2023

The Perceptions And Effects Of Community Service Participation Among Intercollegiate Men’S Basketball Players, Brittney D. Jarvie, Amanda L. Paule-Koba

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Due to the varied community service opportunities offered to intercollegiate student- athletes at many institutions in the United States (NCAA, 2011), it is important to understand the effects and perceptions of these experiences on these student-athletes. Yet, despite the vast opportunities for student-athletes, there is a lack of research on the results and impact of student-athlete participation in community service. This case study presents data that highlights the outcomes of community service participation as specified by the participants, which are categorized in eight themes: Coach Support, Enjoyment, Helping Hand, Leadership, Lessons Learned, Motivation, Staying Connected, and Togetherness. These themes were …

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To Name It Or Not Name It: Consumer Perspectives On Facility Naming Rights Sponsorship In Collegiate Athletics, Kenneth K. Chen, James J. Zhang Dec 2023

To Name It Or Not Name It: Consumer Perspectives On Facility Naming Rights Sponsorship In Collegiate Athletics, Kenneth K. Chen, James J. Zhang

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Collegiate athletics have become increasingly attractive for sponsorship investments, a trend that has also created some potentially negative side effects. How university stakeholders, such as students, perceive and respond to stadium naming rights sponsorship is a major concern to administrators of both athletic programs and business corporations. This study investigates students’ beliefs about naming rights sponsorship, their attitudes toward commercialization, team and stadium identification, and perception of financial status, as well as how these factors affect naming rights sponsorship outcomes regarding attitude toward sponsor, purchase intention of sponsor’s product, and willingness to attend sporting events. A theoretical model was proposed …

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Third Time’S A Charm: The Case Of Tennessee’S Four Junior Football Players Who Endured Three Different Head Coaches In Three Seasons, Joshua R. Pate, Sarah. E. Stokowski, Robin Hardin Dec 2023

Third Time’S A Charm: The Case Of Tennessee’S Four Junior Football Players Who Endured Three Different Head Coaches In Three Seasons, Joshua R. Pate, Sarah. E. Stokowski, Robin Hardin

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

For college student-athletes enduring multiple head coaching changes during their careers, challenges include changes in the level of competition, lifestyle pressures, identity issues, loss of support system, and changes in training environment. Student-athletes are required to build relationships with a new head coach while facing issues with loneliness, frustration, discouragement, self-doubt, and feelings of decreased self-worth. This unique case study examined the transitions of junior student-athletes at the University of Tennessee who played for three different head coaches. Themes that were constructed from challenges the student-athletes faced were: Trust, Individual and Team Strength, and Future. A tremendous amount of effort …

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Leadership And Facilitating An Intercollegiate Athletic Department Merger, Lisa A. Kihl, Vicki Schull Dec 2023

Leadership And Facilitating An Intercollegiate Athletic Department Merger, Lisa A. Kihl, Vicki Schull

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Leadership is an important aspect in facilitating an organizational merger. Research indicates that each merger presents a different objective and thus a variety of challenges that require different forms of leadership. Further, the merger type and merger stage influences leadership required to facilitate the merger process. This study examined merger challenges and leadership employed to assist an intercollegiate athletic department merger. Using a single qualitative case study design (i.e., interviews with 57 stakeholders and documents), the findings showed transition leadership challenges included an absence of leadership and stakeholder uncertainty, and the central integration leadership challenge was strategic planning. Transition leadership …

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Playing Video Games As A Supplement To Identity: Insights On Former College Athlete Transitions, Matthew T. Bowers Dec 2023

Playing Video Games As A Supplement To Identity: Insights On Former College Athlete Transitions, Matthew T. Bowers

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Traditionally, researchers of sport and physical activity have considered playing video game to be an obstacle toward optimal health and social outcomes for youth. This study, however, posits video game play not as antithetical to health and physical activity, but as a meaningful forum utilized by former intercollegiate athletes to maintain salient aspects of their sport identities. Through a grounded theory analysis of a sample of 13 former intercollegiate athletes, this study takes initial steps toward a nuanced understanding of the manner in which video games can assist intercollegiate athletes who are transitioning out of elite athletic competition. The findings …

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From Rhetoric To Reality: Ncaa Division I Athletic Department Mission Statements And Student-Athlete Community Service Efforts, Emily J. Andrassy, Jennifer E. Bruening Dec 2023

From Rhetoric To Reality: Ncaa Division I Athletic Department Mission Statements And Student-Athlete Community Service Efforts, Emily J. Andrassy, Jennifer E. Bruening

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

With the growing emphasis in higher education on developing character and social responsibility, the NCAA CHAMPS/Life Skills program commitment to service is of interest as it encourages the development of well-rounded student athletes. In framing the current study, the researchers focused on how the communication of an athletic department’s mission impacts the community service activities for athletes. Mission statements are used to communicate the central purposes of organizations (Bart, 1996) to various internal and external audiences. Through website content analysis, this investigation reveals the importance placed upon service across athletic departments through the mission, and determines the effect of such …

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Attributions For Success And Failure In Athletic Administration Positions, Angela C. Henderson, Heidi Grappendorf, Laura Burton Dec 2023

Attributions For Success And Failure In Athletic Administration Positions, Angela C. Henderson, Heidi Grappendorf, Laura Burton

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

The under-representation of women in senior level athletic administration positions continues to attract the attention of scholars in sports studies. The most glaring lack of female representation occurs at the athletic director (A.D.) position, with women holding only 8.4% of those positions at the Division I level. Using the concept of causal attribution and role congruity theory, this project examined perceptions of success and failure of male and female candidates for either an athletic director or life skills director position. One hundred eleven female and 73 male (n = 191) administrators in athletics at the collegiate level participated. Contrary to …

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The Football Factor: Shaping Community On Campus, Stacy Warner, Stephen L. Shapiro, Marlene A. Dixon, Lynn L. Ridinger, Scott B. Harrison Dec 2023

The Football Factor: Shaping Community On Campus, Stacy Warner, Stephen L. Shapiro, Marlene A. Dixon, Lynn L. Ridinger, Scott B. Harrison

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Many American universities continue to invest in expensive intercollegiate football programs, and specifically cite the sport’s ability to foster a sense of community (SOC) as justification for the cost. This study sought to assess the importance of SOC and the influence of football on the cultivation thereof. A pre-post test design utilizing an online survey compared SOC levels for students (N = 886) before and after the implementation of Division I football on a large university campus. No significant differences were found in SOC levels before and after the football season (regardless of attendance). Post-test SOC perceptions differed based on …

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A Comparison Of Optimism Levels And Life Stress Levels Among Ncaa Division I Athletes And Non Athletes, Eleanor Shearman, Daniel R. Czech, Trey Burdette, Tyler Mcdaniel, Barry Joyner, Drew Zwald Dec 2023

A Comparison Of Optimism Levels And Life Stress Levels Among Ncaa Division I Athletes And Non Athletes, Eleanor Shearman, Daniel R. Czech, Trey Burdette, Tyler Mcdaniel, Barry Joyner, Drew Zwald

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Researchers suggest that optimistic individuals approach life situations with the belief that outcomes will be favorable, and are more likely to exhibit better coping mechanisms when dealing with adversity and stress (Carver, & Scheier, 1987; Karadeaus, Karvelis, Argyropoulou, 2007). Moreover, the cognitive adaptation theory suggests that optimistic individuals are more likely to make appropriate cognitive adaptations to stressful situations (Lightsey, 1994; Alloy & Clements, 1992). Results concerning collegiate athletic status, gender, optimism, and stress are mixed. The purpose of this study was to compare collegiate athletes and non athletes and gender on optimism and life stress. The present study utilized …

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Academic Clustering: A Longitudinal Analysis Of A Division I Football Program, Jeffrey J. Fountain, Peter S. Finley Dec 2023

Academic Clustering: A Longitudinal Analysis Of A Division I Football Program, Jeffrey J. Fountain, Peter S. Finley

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

As NCAA Division I coaches feel greater pressure to produce winning teams while ensuring that athletes remain eligible and progress toward degrees to avoid sanctions under the NCAA’s academic reform initiatives, concerns regarding the clustering of athletes into limited numbers of academic majors has increased. Academic clustering occurs when 25% or more of the members of one team share a single academic major (Case, Greer, & Brown, 1987). Recent studies have extended the analysis of clustering to include the disparate impact on white and minority football players in a single athletic conference (Fountain & Finley, 2009), as well as consideration …

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The Organizational Outcomes Of Supervision In Settings Addressing Violence Against Women: A Scoping Review, Margaret Janse Van Rensburg, Maria Peddle, Karen Sewell, Claire Mcmenemy, Heather Macdonald Dec 2023

The Organizational Outcomes Of Supervision In Settings Addressing Violence Against Women: A Scoping Review, Margaret Janse Van Rensburg, Maria Peddle, Karen Sewell, Claire Mcmenemy, Heather Macdonald

Faculty and Staff Publications

Violence against women (VAW) is a prevailing social issue which requires human service organizations to provide a range of services to survivors. Workplace-based supervision in settings that seek to address VAW is an essential component of quality service. This scoping review of seven studies maps the available evidence of supervision in settings that seek to address VAW. Research studies were identified through sub-sampling literature identified in a scoping review on the organizational outcomes of supervision in the human services summarizing the evidence published between 2011 and 2022 including all articles which specifying a VAW setting. Guided by scoping review methodology, …

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Social Support And Minority Student-Athletes, Jason Thompson Dec 2023

Social Support And Minority Student-Athletes, Jason Thompson

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Interpersonal relationships in the family are important to individuals, especially college students. A subgroup within the larger population of college students that calls for further examination is ethnic minority college student-athletes. The present study involved examining ethnic minority college student-athletes’ perceptions of social support they receive from their family as they attend a Predominantly White Institution (PWI). Findings indicated that student- athletes perceived various types of social support that they found beneficial to them both as student-athletes in general and as minority student-athletes in particular. Types of social support included emotional support, informational support, tangible assistance support, task appreciation support, …

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The Effects Of Sport Participation On Student-Athletes’ And Non-Athlete Students’ Social Life And Identity, Steve Chen, Shonna Snyder, Monica Magner Dec 2023

The Effects Of Sport Participation On Student-Athletes’ And Non-Athlete Students’ Social Life And Identity, Steve Chen, Shonna Snyder, Monica Magner

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

This study examined perceived athletic identity, sport commitment, and the effect of sport participation to identify the impact of athletic participation on college students. This study surveyed 163 student-athletes (59%) and 112 non-athlete students (41%) from a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division-I affiliated institution (males = 172, 62.5%; females = 103, 37.5%). The survey questionnaire was developed and modified from four well-established instruments, the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale, the Sport Commitment Model, the Life Roles Inventory-Values Scales, and Athletic Involvement on the Social Life. The data collection process was initiated and completed in the 2008 spring semester. Seven sub-factors: Personal …

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Examining The Dearth Of Black Head Coaches At The Ncaa Football Bowl Subdivision Level: A Critical Race Theory And Social Dominance Theory Analysis, Kwame Agyemang, Joshua Delorme Dec 2023

Examining The Dearth Of Black Head Coaches At The Ncaa Football Bowl Subdivision Level: A Critical Race Theory And Social Dominance Theory Analysis, Kwame Agyemang, Joshua Delorme

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Forecasting future obstacles, W.E.B. Du Bois once envisaged color to be the dilemma facing the United States of America (USA) in the 20th Century. Wherein some individuals may disagree with this claim and counter by alleging America has moved towards a post racial society, unremitted racial structuring subsisted in the 20th century and has continued to cast a dark shadow in 21st century American society. The realm of sport is no exception as Black student-athletes comprise approximately half of the football participants at the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level. Oddly enough, Black head coaches are severely underrepresented at this level. …

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Pacific-10 Compliance Officers’ Morality And Moral Reasoning, Lisa A. Kihl Dec 2023

Pacific-10 Compliance Officers’ Morality And Moral Reasoning, Lisa A. Kihl

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Critics contend that intercollegiate athletic administrators, including compliance officers who work in highly formalized environments, generally exhibit restricted moral thinking that is defined by organizational rules (Lumpkin, Stoll, & Beller, 1999). Cognitive moral development’s dominance on moral reasoning research has assisted in supporting this argument because investigations are framed from one independent theory (e.g., justice) and measure moral reasoning (Walker, Pitts, Hennig, & Matsuba, 1995). As a result, the interdependent nature between individuals’ morality and moral reasoning in real-life work experiences is unclear. Using contextual practical reasoning as a framework, Pacific-10 compliance officers’ were interviewed to examine their morality and …

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Academic Majors Of Upperclassmen Football Players In The Atlantic Coast Conference: An Analysis Of Academic Clustering Comparing White And Minority Players, Jeffrey J. Fountain, Peter S. Finley Dec 2023

Academic Majors Of Upperclassmen Football Players In The Atlantic Coast Conference: An Analysis Of Academic Clustering Comparing White And Minority Players, Jeffrey J. Fountain, Peter S. Finley

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Studies on graduation rates of college athletes have typically utilized subdivisions based on race, gender, and sport to allow for more transparent scrutiny of potential problem areas. However, subdivision by race has not been utilized when examining clustering of football players into academic majors. Clustering occurs when 25% or more of an athletic team shares a single academic major (Case, Greer, & Brown, 1987). Football media guides from Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) schools were utilized to determine the academic majors of upperclassmen to explore whether race could be a factor in academic clustering. The results showed that Minority players were …

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Organizational Effectiveness Of Athletic Departments And Coaches’ Extra- Role Behaviors, Claudio M. Rocha, Brian A. Turner Dec 2023

Organizational Effectiveness Of Athletic Departments And Coaches’ Extra- Role Behaviors, Claudio M. Rocha, Brian A. Turner

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

The objective of the current study was to explore and describe the relationship between coaches’ extra-role behaviors (precisely organizational commitment – OC and organizational citizenship behavior – OCB) and the organizational effectiveness (OE) of athletic departments. OC was measured through 12 items that represent its three dimensions: affective, normative, and continuance commitment (Meyer, Allen, & Smith, 1993; Turner & Chelladurai, 2005). OCB was measured using five items that represent its three dimensions: sportsmanship, civic virtue, and helping behaviors (Podsakoff & Mackenzie, 1994). Following the current tendency in the literature (Cunningham, 2002; Putler & Wolfe, 1999; Smart & Wolfe, 2000), OE …

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Influence Of Work Status On Organizational Commitment And Sport Identity Of University Athletic Department Workers, May Kim, Patrice Jones, Arial Rodriguez Dec 2023

Influence Of Work Status On Organizational Commitment And Sport Identity Of University Athletic Department Workers, May Kim, Patrice Jones, Arial Rodriguez

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics

Nontraditional workers, such as volunteers and part-time employees, are a vital component of university athletic departments. However, few researchers have explored the psychological characteristics and attitudes of nontraditional workers or have compared nontraditional workers with traditional full-time workers. Moreover, no study was found that has compared the differences among different groups of nontraditional workers. In the current study, the researchers compared organizational commitment and sport identity among four different work statuses (volunteers, practicum/internship workers, part-time workers, and full-time workers) in a university athletic department. Full-time and practicum/internship workers indicated significantly (p<.05) higher sport identification than volunteers and part-time workers. Volunteers and practicum/internship workers reported significantly higher affective and normative commitments than part-time employees and significantly lower affective commitment than full-time employees. Thus, it is recommended that athletic departments hire part-time workers cautiously and alternatively consider the potential increased use of practicum/internship workers and volunteers.

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