Digital Commons Network^™

Lower Dietary Inflammatory Index Scores Are Associated With Lower Glycemic Index Scores Among College Students, Yeonsoo Kim, Jie Chen, Michael Wirth, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

The association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII^®), the glycemic index (GI), and the glycemic load (GL) is not known, although it is known that carbohydrates are pro-inflammatory. We aimed to measure the association between the DII and both GI and GL among college students. In this cross-sectional study, 110 college students completed a 3-day food diary, which was used to calculate the DII, the GI, the GL, and the healthy eating index (HEI)-2010. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals of the GI, the GL, and the HEI-2010 were presented per DII tertile using generalized linear mixed …

Stepping It Up: Walking Behaviors In Children Transitioning From 5th To 7th Grade, Sharon E. Taverno Ross, Morgan N. Clennin, Marsha Dowda, Natalie Colabianchi, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to (1) describe children’s walking behaviors in 5th to 7th grade and change over time and (2) examine associations between walking behaviors and Walk Score®. Participants consisted of n = 586 students from the Transitions and Activity Changes in Kids (TRACK) Study. Children reported any walking behavior (e.g., exercise and transportation) over the past five days. Walk Score was calculated based on children’s home address. Descriptive statistics summarized walking behaviors by gender and time, and repeated measure mixed models examined the relationship between walking behaviors and Walk Score. Approximately 46.8% and 19.2% of 5th …

The Effect Of The Ehealth Intervention ‘Myplan 1.0’ On Physical Activity In Adults Who Visit General Practice: A Quasi-Experimental Trial, Laurent Degroote, Jolien Plaete, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Maïté Verloigne, Vicky Van Stappen, An V. De Meester, Louise Poppe, Celien Van Der Mispel, Geert Crombez

Faculty Publications

Physical inactivity is one of the major risk factors for poor health in the world. Therefore, effective interventions that promote physical activity are needed. Hence, we developed an eHealth intervention for adults, i.e., ‘MyPlan 1.0’, which includes self-regulation techniques for behaviour change. This study examined the effect of ‘MyPlan 1.0’ on physical activity (PA) levels in general practice. 615 adults (≥18 years) were recruited in 19 Flemish general practices, for the intervention group (n = 328) or for the wait-list control group (n = 183). Participants in the intervention group received the web-based intervention ‘MyPlan 1.0’ and were prompted to …

Can Integrated Interventions Create The Conditions That Support Caregiving For Better Child Growth?, Purnima Menon, Edward A. Frongillo Jr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Daily Gamecock, Tuesday, January 16, 2018, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

January

No abstract provided.

Effects And Moderators Of Psychosocial Interventions On Quality Of Life, And Emotional And Social Function In Patients With Cancer: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis Of 22 Rcts, J. Kalter, I. M. Verdonck-De Leeuw, M. G. Sweegers, N. K. Aaronson, P. B. Jacobsen, R. U. Newton, K. S. Courneya, J. F. Aitken, J. Armes, C. Arving, L. J. Boersma, A. M.J. Braamse, Y. Brandberg, S. K. Chambers, J. Dekker, K. Ell, R. J. Ferguson, M. F.M. Gielissen, B. Glimelius, M. M. Goedendorp, K. D. Graves, Sue P. Heiney, R. Horne, M. S. Hunter, B. Johansson, M. L. Kimman, H. Knoop

Faculty Publications

Objective: This individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of psychosocial interventions (PSI) on quality of life (QoL), emotional function (EF), and social function (SF) in patients with cancer, and to study moderator effects of demographic, clinical, personal, and intervention-related characteristics. Methods: Relevant studies were identified via literature searches in 4 databases. We pooled IPD from 22 (n = 4217) of 61 eligible randomized controlled trials. Linear mixed-effect model analyses were used to study intervention effects on the post-intervention values of QoL, EF, and SF (z-scores), adjusting for baseline values, age, and cancer type. We studied …

The Application Of An Implementation Science Framework To Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs: Be A Champion!, Justin B. Moore, Russell L. Carson, Collin A. Webster, Camelia Renee Singletary, Darla M. Castelli, Russell R. Pate, Michael W. Beets, Aaron Beighle

Faculty Publications

Comprehensive school physical activity programs (CSPAPs) have been endorsed as a promising strategy to increase youth physical activity (PA) in school settings. A CSPAP is a five-component approach, which includes opportunities before, during, and after school for PA. Extensive resources are available to public health practitioners and school officials regarding what should be implemented, but little guidance and few resources are available regarding how to effectively implement a CSPAP. Implementation science provides a number of conceptual frameworks that can guide implementation of a CSPAP, but few published studies have employed an implementation science framework to a CSPAP. Therefore, we developed …

Centralized Review Of Tax Regulations, Clinton G. Wallace

Faculty Publications

Centralized oversight of agency policymaking and spending by the President’s Office of Management and Budget is a hallmark of the modern administrative state. But tax regulations have almost never been subject to centralized review. The Trump administration recently proposed to require centralized review of tax regulations, but it is unclear what regulations would be subject to such review or how it would be conducted.

This Article examines the normative desirability of the longstanding approach of exempting tax regulations from centralized review, and the alternative of imposing such review. Scholars and policymakers have provided various incomplete justifications for excepting tax policy …

Serving Up Allergy Labeling: Mitigating Food Allergen Risks In Restaurants, Marie C. Boyd

Faculty Publications

Allergens in restaurant food cause many allergic reactions and deaths. Yet no federal, state, or local law adequately protects people from these harms. Although federal law requires the labeling of “major food allergens” in packaged food, there are no allergen labeling requirements for restaurant-type food. In addition, existing food safety requirements for restaurants are inadequate to prevent allergen cross contact.

The existing legal scholarship on food allergens in restaurants is limited. Much of the legal scholarship on labeling in restaurants focuses on menu labeling — the provision of calorie and other nutrition information to combat obesity. The requirements of Section …

Renewing The Healthy, Hunger Free Kids Act And Strengthening The Farm To School Program, Steele Rouse

The Journal of Law and Education

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Stand-Alone Prescription Drug Plans On Health Care Utilizations, Expenditures And Medication Adherence Among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries, Jing Yuan

Theses and Dissertations

Since the implementation of Medicare Part D in 2006, a growing body of evidence has shown that Medicare Part D might offset the total healthcare spending by improving the use of prescription drugs. However, little is known about the impact of different types of Part D plans – Stand-alone Prescription Drug Plan (PDPs) and Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug Plan (MA-PDs) – on health care utilizations and expenditures. This dissertation examined the association between the effect in PDPs on health care utilizations as well as expenditures, and medication adherence among elderly Medicare beneficiaries, compared to MA-PDs. Data was pooled from 2006-2010 …

Colon Epithelial Microrna Network In Fatty Liver, Paule V. Joseph, Sarah K. Abey, Dan Wang, Nicolaas H. Fourie, Natnael D. Kenea, Tatyana G. Vishnyakova, Jeffrey M. Robinson, Kristen R. Weaver-Toedtman Phd, Acnp, Anp, Christina M. Boulineaux, Hannah R. Davidson, Leeanne B. Sherwin, Onyinyechi Ozoji, Ana F. Diallo, Paul A. Smyser, Amy P. Patterson, Wendy A. Henderson

Publications

Background & Aims. Intestinal barrier alterations are associated with fatty liver (FL) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), but microRNA (miR) signaling pathways in MetS-FL pathogenesis remain unclear. This study investigates an epithelial-focused miR network in colorectal cell models based on the previously reported MetS-FL miR trio of hsa-miR-142-3p, hsa-miR-18b, and hsa-miR-890. Methods. Each miR mimic construct of MetS-FL miR trio was transfected into human colorectal cells, CRL-1790 or Caco-2. Global miRNome changes posttransfection were profiled (nCounter® Human v3 miRNA, NanoString Technologies). Changes in barrier (transepithelial electrical resistance, TEER) and epithelial cell junction structure (Occludin and Zona Occludens-1/ZO-1 immunofluorescence staining-confocal microscopy) were …

2018 Gjmpp Monograph Series: Grace Jordan Mcfadden Professors Program, John Mcfadden, Michael J. Walsh, Lauren A. Reid, Marsha Dowda, Melinda Forthofer, Daheia Barr-Anderson, Ruth Saunders, Russell Pate, Candace A. Bethea, Jonathan C. Rann, Anthony T. Carr, Victor D. Kidd

Monograph Series

The Grace Jordan McFadden Professors Program (GJMPP), formerly the African American Professors Program (AAPP)/Carolina Diversity Professors Program (CDPP) at the University of South Carolina, is honored to publish its seventeenth edition of this annual monograph series. GJMPP recognizes the significance of offering its scholars a venue through which they have the opportunity to engage in research and to publish their refereed papers that continually contribute to their respective academic areas. Parallel with the publication of their manuscripts is a venue to gain visibility among colleagues throughout postsecondary institutions at national and international levels.

Scholars who have contributed papers for this …

Shake, Rattle, And Read: An Analysis Of An Adaptation Of A Multisensory Phonics Program’S Impact On The Reading Achievement Of Kindergarten Students, Heather Mascuch Holmes

Theses and Dissertations

This paper describes a problem of practice stemming from the disparity in reading achievement that exists among kindergarten students due to varying life and academic experiences. This action research study investigated the impact of a multisensory instructional program that attempts to improve students’ decoding skills, and therefore, overall reading ability by answering the following question: How does an adaptation of the Project Read Primary Phonics program affect the reading level of kindergarten students as measured by the DRA2+? This study employed an action research methodology, specifically Mertler’s (2014) action research cycle: planning, acting, developing, and reflecting. The planning stage was …

Regulation Of Prostaglandin D2 And Angiogenesis-Related Factors From Human Skin Mast Cells By Interleukin-6 And Resveratrol, Cody Cody Mchale

Theses and Dissertations

Mast cells are classically recognized as the effector cells of Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity reactions (i.e. allergic reactions). Mast cells also play an important role in the innate immune response to parasitic helminth infection. Allergic disease including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and anaphylaxis, is a major health concern in the United States with greater than 60 million Americans suffering from allergy and asthma. In addition, mast cells have more recently been implicated in non-allergic disease including various human cancers, which will affect approximately 39.6% of U.S. men and women. Therefore, understanding the immunological and molecular mechanisms that regulate mast …

Efficiency Of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Vs. 5-Day Serial Monitoring In A Military Treatment Facility, Kadijatu Kakay

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this process improvement project is to determine efficiency of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) vs. 5-day blood pressure checks in a military treatment facility. The sample consists of male and female active duty soldiers ages 18 to 54 years without a previous diagnosis of hypertension (HTN). The soldiers were assigned to a unit that is physically and mentally challenging, has demanding training opportunities and duty requirements, and are rapidly deployable in support of peacekeeping, humanitarian and combat missions.

The data collection method included a retrospective chart review of 128 charts randomly selected between June 2016 and May …

New Insight For Activity Intensity Relativity: Metabolic Expenditure During Object Projection Skill Performance, Ryan S. Sacko

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation consist of four studies that examine energy expenditure (EE) during object projection skill performance (OPSP). These four studies have the potential to inform physical education (PE) curricula and physical activity (PA) interventions by providing an understanding the acute EE associated with performing OPSP in developmentally appropriate activities. If OPSP is associated with high EE, then promoting their development during physical activity interventions and physical education (PE) will have both an acute and long-term health-enhancing benefit. Thus, the purposes of these four studies was to examine adult and children’s EE associated with the performance of object projection skills at …

Plants As Biofactories To Produce Mammalian Tumor Suppressor Micrornas, John Lachlan Macarthur

Theses and Dissertations

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding single stranded RNAs that are considered master regulators of gene expression. They are also an emerging class of therapeutic agents with significant potential for the prevention and treatment of many diseases, including cancer. Many different forms of cancer are associated with loss or reduced accumulation of one or more miRNAs that function as tumor suppressors. In animal models, restoration of missing tumor suppressor miRNAs prevents the initiation, progression and/or spread of the disease. However, the current absence of an efficient method for delivery of therapeutic miRNAs is a critical barrier to their use. The research …

Comparison Of The Performance Of Simple Linear Regression And Quantile Regression With Non-Normal Data: A Simulation Study, Marjorie Howard

Theses and Dissertations

Linear regression is a widely used method for analysis that is well understood across a wide variety of disciplines. In order to use linear regression, a number of assumptions must be met. These assumptions, specifically normality and homoscedasticity of the error distribution can at best be met only approximately with real data. Quantile regression requires fewer assumptions, which offers a potential advantage over linear regression. In this simulation study, we compare the performance of linear (least squares) regression to quantile regression when these assumptions are violated, in order to investigate under what conditions quantile regression becomes the more advantageous method …

Family And School Impact On Psychological Functioning From Childhood To Late Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study Of Rural Chinese Youth, Yang Yue

Theses and Dissertations

The transition from childhood to adolescence can be a significant stressor for youth, leading to increases in internalizing problems for those who are vulnerable. Compared to the mounting research conducted on U.S. youth, children and adolescents in China have received less attention on their psychological adjustment. As Chinese youth constitute roughly 15% of the world’s population (World Health Organization, 2010), and the disproportionate quantity of longitudinal investigation on Chinese youth psychological functioning, understanding the influence of risk and protective factors, and their interactive effects on internalizing problems among Chinese youth is critical.

According to Life Course Theory, Ecological Systems Theory, …

Interactive Effects Of Domoic Acid Allelopathy, Salinity, And Eutrophication On Estuarine Phytoplankton Community Structure, Elise Van Meerssche

Theses and Dissertations

Coastal regions and estuaries are particularly sensitive to the increase in nutrient loading and river runoff, threatening the ecosystems with possible spreads in harmful algal blooms (HABs). As an example, blooms of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species can release acute concentrations of the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA) in the water column. When ingested at concentrations higher than 20 ppm, DA can cause the death of marine birds, marine mammals and even humans. The main objectives of my research were to determine the drivers of Pseudo-nitzschia abundance and toxicity and to assess how these drivers influenced the phytoplankton community structure and DA allelopathy. …

Understanding The Mechanisms Linking Gendered Intrahousehold Bargaining Power And Child Nutrition In Rural Nepal, Shibani Kulkarni

Theses and Dissertations

Child undernutrition is a serious issue in Nepal as 36% of children below five years of age are chronically undernourished. Reducing child undernutrition is an important priority to prevent adverse effects through the life course that perpetuate the cycle of undernutrition and poverty.

Women’s intra-household bargaining power is an important determinant of child nutrition. Intra-household bargaining power is an individual’s relative social and economic position within the household to access and control resources, and influence decision-making. In our research, we use women’s intra-household bargaining power as a resource for care, which enables women to be exposed to nutrition information, gain …

Examination Of Energy Needs And Hormone Levels In Male Endurance Athletes, Erin Moore

Theses and Dissertations

A plethora of literature examining the physiological consequences associated with deficits in energy availability (EA) for female athletes exists, however literature examining male athletes is sparse. Purpose: To determine the effects of high exercise energy expenditure (EEE) on Male Triad symptoms (EA with or without an eating disorder [ED], reproductive hormones Testosterone [T] and Luteinizing hormone [LH], and bone mineral density [BMD]) and other metabolic markers (Insulin, Leptin, Cortisol and Interleukin-6 [IL-6]) in endurance-trained male athletes. Methods: We utilized a cross-sectional design on 14 endurance trained male athletes (age: 26.4 + 4.2 yrs.; weight: 70.6 + 6.4 kg; and height: …

Linking Physiology, Temperature, And Recruitment: A Classic Competitive Story Rewritten By Climate, Maeve Kerrigan Snyder

Theses and Dissertations

Climatic changes have the potential to alter population and community dynamics, ultimately influencing the biogeographic distributions of species. For many organisms, reproduction is physiologically tied to temperature. We tested the hypothesis that a physiological mechanism for reproductive failure in the acorn barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides, would result in predictable patterns of larval recruitment over broad geographic scales. Recruitment density was predicted to be dependent on the duration of permissive temperatures (< 10oC). for successful reproduction in adult populations of S. balanoides. We found that temperature was a reliable predictive variable for recruitment densities throughout our study region. Post-recruitment processes were also considered, specifically the competition between Semibalanus balanoides and Chthamalus montagui, described in Joseph Connell’s 1961 experiment. The competitive hierarchy outlined in this experiment is not consistently observed throughout the range overlap of the two species. Growth and mortality were found to differ dependent on species and latitude, indicating that climate mediates this classic ecological system. Our results provide useful knowledge for refining models of biogeographic shifts. A consistent failure of larval supply and a breakdown of competitive advantage could accelerate the pace of predicted range contraction for S. balanoides. Further investigation of how environmental variables interact with physiology and ecological processes is necessary for accurate predictions of climate change effects

A Quasi-Experimental Study On The Effectiveness Of Ccr&R Ta/Coaching On Child Care Center Licensing Compliance, Wenjia Wang

Theses and Dissertations

High quality in early care and education is critical for children in their early ears and has a lasting benefit through their lives. Research in various fields such as education, medicine, psychology, economics. has provided evidence of positive outcomes for children who have been exposed to safe, rich, and engaging environments in their early years through high quality early care and education. The baseline of child care quality is providing protection for children by establishing regulations on health and safety areas such as response to disease, fire and other building safety, injury, abuse and neglect, adequate supervision, and developmentally appropriate …

Examining Faith-Based Communities As Leverage Points For The Prevention Of Childhood And Adolescent Obesity, Caroline Glagola Dunn

Theses and Dissertations

Faith-based research and partnerships are becoming more popular as an approach to address the health of underserved populations including racial and ethnic minorities and rural populations. Despite growing interest in faith-health partnerships, little research is available assessing faith-based interventions as potential leverage points for the prevention of childhood and adolescent obesity and the promotion of healthy behaviors. This research aimed to examine the potential for such partnerships within the context of ongoing research partnerships in South Carolina. Specifically, the first study assessed current peer-reviewed literature to determine reporting of reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM elements) in faith-based nutrition …

The Effect Of Neighborhood Characteristics And Acculturation On Vegetable Intake Among U.S. Hispanics, Anna Victoria Mesa

Theses and Dissertations

The growing prevalence of chronic disease among the U.S. Hispanic population has drawn increasing attention to modifiable behaviors such as diet in an effort to curb the burden of disease among this population. While factors affecting dietary intake among U.S. Hispanics have been largely studied, this study broadens the scope of existing analyses from examining the role of individual-level factors, including acculturation, to also include environmental factors such as neighborhood ethnic composition. Multilevel mixed modeling was employed to test the interaction of individual acculturation with neighborhood ethnic composition to predict vegetable intake among a sample of U.S. Hispanics. Individuals who …

Epistemological Issues In Quality Of Life Measurement And Their Implications, Laura M. Cupples

Theses and Dissertations

This project explores the epistemology of quality of life measurement. Quality of life measures face a dual epistemic burden both to serve as data for the evidence-based medicine movement and to give patients a greater voice (McClimans 2017). Much time, effort, and money has been invested in these measures over the last 50 years, and yet their theoretical foundations remain weak. It is not clear whether these instruments succeed in measuring what they purport to measure, or what precisely is meant by “quality of life” (Hunt 1997). The epistemic challenges faced in quality of life measurement are not wholly unique. …

Constructing Scientific Knowledge: The Understanding Of The Slow Virus, 1898-1976, Burke Hood Dial

Theses and Dissertations

Scrapie is the ovine form of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. The understanding of scrapie as a slow viral disease was developed through an international scientific dialogue during the first half of the twentieth century. British investigators used epidemiological and experimental observations to define its very long incubation period before the appearance of symptoms. This enabled French researchers to prove scrapie could be transmitted from sick to healthy animals and allowed them to define the etiological agent as an ultramicroscopic, filterable virus. Following this, an Icelandic scientist, Björn Sigurdsson, investigated two other ovine diseases characterized by unusually long periods between contracting …

Exercise Dependence And Shin Pain In A Division I Cross-Country Runner: A Case Study, Allyssa K. Memmini

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

The following case investigates insidious onset of shin pain in a Division I female cross-country runner. Though her initial evaluation revealed early onset medial tibial stress syndrome, the sequence of events that occurred immediately afterwards is what makes this case unique. As the student-athlete underwent lower extremity rehabilitation to increase her mileage, she reported that her pain had plateaued. The initial x-ray revealed a periosteal reaction of the posterior left tibia. After adhering to the treatment plan for four weeks, the student-athlete continued to report significant bouts of pain as demonstrated by the Visual Analog Scale. A follow-up x-ray revealed …