Digital Commons Network^™

Toxicokinetics And Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid-Induced Liver Protein Expression Are Markedly Altered In Mice Lacking Albumin, Emily M. Kaye, Jitka Becanova, Simon Vojta, Rainer Lohmann, Fabian Fischer, Angela Slitt

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a ubiquitous perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) linked to liver disease and obesity in humans. Binding studies suggest that albumin is a crucial blood protein influencing PFOS toxicokinetics and hepatotoxicity; however, its role has not been mechanistically tested in vivo. This study used an albumin-deficient mouse model to investigate the relevance of albumin in PFOS tissue distribution and liver disease end points. Adult male C57BL/6J wild-type (Alb^+/+) and albumin-deficient (Alb^–/–) mice were orally gavaged daily for 7 days with either vehicle or PFOS at 0.5 or 10 mg/kg body weight. The measured PFOS concentrations …

Improving Thermal Comfort Of Firefighter Personal Protective Equipment With A Focus On Enhancing Insulation And Moisture Management Abilities: A Meta-Analysis, Hallie Ivory

Major Papers by TMD Master of Science Students

Firefighters wear personal protective equipment (PPE) composed of multiple layers, each designed to serve a specific function in ensuring safety and comfort in high heat environments. The thermal liner is the innermost layer and plays a crucial role in thermal comfort by providing insulation and moisture management. Insulation provides protection from external hazards while moisture management keeps the wearer cool and dry.

Heat stress is a significant safety concern for firefighters, as prolonged exposure to high temperatures and insufficient evaporative cooling can lead to discomfort, injuries and or fatalities for them while on duty. Effective moisture management is critical in …

Neon, Isabella Dilorenzo, Ellie Scarsilloni

CHM 103 Honors, Elements, Fall 2025

Student presentation from the Fall 2025 semester of CHM 103, taught by Professor George Dombi.

Calcium: "The Element Of Stability", Paige Doolittle, Dahlia Debarros

CHM 103 Honors, Elements, Fall 2025

Student presentation from the Fall 2025 semester of CHM 103 Honors, Elements, taught by Professor George Dombi.

Iron, Alannah Gallagher, Mia Ott

CHM 103 Honors, Elements, Fall 2025

Student presentation from the Fall 2025 semester of CHM 103 Honors, taught by Professor George Dombi.

Childhood Adversity, Stress Management, And Reactions To Sensitive Content: A Latent Profile Analysis Of Undergraduates, Jessica D. Cless, Carol A. Johnston, Briana S. Nelson Goff, Olivia K. Edwards

Human Development and Family Science Faculty Publications

Current rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in undergraduate students point to a need for evaluating the impact of these events on student well-being, particularly in the context of courses that contain sensitive and trauma-based content. The current latent profile analysis study included 94 students and sought to identify patterns of exposure to adversity, stress management, and self-reported experiences in a trauma-based undergraduate course. Profile results indicated three distinct groups, interpreted as low-ACE exposure, moderate-ACE exposure, and high-ACE exposure. Student perceptions of sensitive course content were generally favorable across groups, suggesting that despite varying levels of prior adversity and stress …

Ultra-Rapid Electrophilic Cysteine Arylation Using Pyridinium Salts, Bradley M. Lipka

Open Access Dissertations

Small molecule-based bioconjugation enables in vitro and in vivo functionalization of proteins and peptides, significantly expanding the chemical space of biomacromolecules. Among these transformations, nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S_NAr) of cysteine residues is a widely employed strategy for protein bioconjugation.

Although many reagents facilitate cysteine arylation, they are disadvantageous in two crucial aspects - limited synthetic modularity and undesired hydrophobicity. First, conventional cysteine arylating reagents are frequently activated by multiple electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) on a single aromatic ring, leaving few synthetic handles to derivatize the reagents for advanced applications. Second, these labeling reagents are generally hydrophobic in nature and …

Little Problems: Photosynthetic Textile Treatments As A Source Of Oxygen, Morgan Campbell

Open Access Master's Theses

During human space travel, oxygen (O2) must be stored and carried aboard the shuttle for the entire journey; compressed O2 is highly flammable and combustible, thus doing so puts the crew’s lives at risk in the event of a fire (Mandel, 2019). By creating O2 onsite, the necessity of compressed O2 canisters and the associated risks can be reduced or erased entirely. Photosynthesis, the process through which plants convert atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into O2, is one method of creating O2 (Lorch, 2020). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has experimented with photosynthetic O2 systems since its inception but …

Investigating The Role Of Fnci-1 In The Development And Function Of The C. Elegans Nervous System, Meagan Collins

Open Access Master's Theses

Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a rare human genetic disease caused by mutation of any of twenty-three genes on the FA pathway, which functions in the repair of DNA damage and the maintenance of genome stability. FA is clinically characterized by congenital abnormalities and a predisposition to aplastic anemia and malignancies. Recently, progressive neurological symptoms and abnormal neurological findings on imaging have been noted in FA patients, including cerebral and cerebellar lesions, calcification, necrosis, gliosis, and associated acute and chronic neurological symptoms; this constellation of symptoms has been termed Fanconi Anemia-Associated Neurological Syndrome (FANS).

To elucidate the molecular etiology of FANS, …

Development Of An Autonomous Lab-On-Paper Device For Enzymatic Activity Assays- Proof Of Concept, Cameron Hahn

Open Access Master's Theses

This work aims to build on URI’s autonomous Lab on Paper (LoP) platform technology, which was used to conduct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), to conducting enzymatic activity assays. This requires new optimizations and designs to accommodate the test. In this work we use alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme as the model analyte for the proof-of-concept. To accompany the new device, new MATLAB analytical tools were written and tested, to aid in robust colorimetric signal analysis. The test fixture was designed to be reusable, when a new paper circuit and reagent vials are supplied, however, it was assumed that an eventual final …

Design And Deployment Of A Compact Rov For Deep-Sea Research And Exploration, Joshua F. Wood

Open Access Master's Theses

The scientific community has utilized unmanned underwater vehicles for ocean exploration since the mid-twentieth century, resulting in a well-cultivated and ever-changing discipline of ocean technology. The deep-sea environment, specifically, presents unique and harsh criteria due to the increased pressure found at depth and the vehicle components necessary to overcome it. The size and weight of underwater vehicles typically increase as operational depth increases, resulting in physically large systems with high operational costs to accommodate deep-sea research. This project first characterized the effect of length and diameter on carbon fiber pressure housing’s depth tolerance. It then leveraged this data to reduce …

Metabarcoding-Biomass Relationships And Internal Standards For Quantitative Dna Metabarcoding, Frances Webber

Open Access Master's Theses

DNA metabarcoding has been widely adopted due to its power in investigating the composition of protistan communities, accurately identifying even small and cryptic taxa. However, the compositional nature of DNA metabarcoding results, and the distortion of natural abundances due to variation of the often-used 18S rRNA gene copy number over several orders of magnitude, renders these results semi-quantitative at best, limiting the application of DNA metabarcoding to ecological study. Here, we constructed mock communities from uni-algal cultures of taxonomically diverse phytoplankton and conducted metabarcoding using multiple primer sets and both DNA and cDNA as PCR templates. For each culture, chlorophyll …

A Systematic Review Of The Role Of Emotion Regulation In Predicting Behavioral Inhibition Symptoms Among School-Aged Youth, Anne C. Nields

Open Access Master's Theses

Mental health challenges represent a key construct to focus on in support of childhood and adolescent well-being. Mental health challenges represent the leading cause of disability among children and adolescents. Recent research on critical periods in brain development shows that early childhood and adolescence mark times in which behavioral, neurodevelopmental, and mental health features arise. Anxiety disorders, which involve the excessive presence of fear and anxiety, are among the most common psychiatric disorders affecting youth and adults today. Emotion regulation (ER) and behavioral inhibition are important constructs correlated to anxiety which may be leveraged to predict and intervene on the …

Finite Element Modeling Of Offshore Wind Monopile Impact Pile Driving In Comsol Multiphysics, Brendan J. Giordano

Open Access Master's Theses

The primary foundation type for offshore wind farms are large-diameter monopiles, which are installed with an impact hammer that produces a high-intensity, broadband impulsive signal that radiates acoustic energy in the water column and seafloor. This signal generates multiple waves such as compressional, shear and Scholte (or interface) waves. Scholte waves travel on the water-sediment interface and contain high-intensity, low-frequency energy that benthic species of fish and invertebrates could possibly detect. COMSOL Multiphysics, which is a finite element modeling software, was used to develop two transient models of impact pile driving to measure Scholte wave particle motion (displacement, velocity, acceleration) …

Predicting Evapotranspiration, Quick Flow, And Recharge In The Contiguous United States Through 2100, Paige Aldenberg

Open Access Master's Theses

Groundwater pumping has more than doubled since 1950 across the United States and now accounts for more than 50% of water use in much of the country. These high pumping rates have exceeded recharge in many aquifers, especially in the dry Western United States. As a result, water levels are declining, increasing water scarcity for humans, and causing various adverse ecosystem impacts. So, predictions of future groundwater recharge rates, especially in the face of changing climates, are necessary for informing future water management practices. While historical groundwater recharge rates have been estimated across broad geographic regions, high-resolution predictions of future …

Association Between Vitamin D Status And Cortisol Concentration Among Pregnant Women, Kenneth Addae

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and high circulating cortisol during pregnancy have each been linked to adverse maternal and child outcomes such as preterm birth. However, limited research has explored the association between vitamin D status and cortisol concentration during pregnancy. Our objective for this study was to determine the association between vitamin D status and cortisol concentration among pregnant women.

Methods: The Prenatal Health and Nutrition (PHAN) study was a pilot cross-sectional study of 30 healthy pregnant women conducted in targeted areas in Rhode Island. Data was collected on sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, perceived stress scale, household food security, …

The Role Of Socioeconomic Indicators On Child Behavior And Academic Outcomes During Elementary School, Ashlee Mineau

Open Access Master's Theses

The impact of a child's socioeconomic status (SES) impacts all aspects of development. Children’s SES will be examined to determine the potential impact they may have on children's academics and behavior. The SES variables that will be examined are parent education, parent occupation, and household income. Parent education is one of the strongest predictors of child school achievement (Martinez et al., 2022). Children who come from a lower SES household are more likely to display externalizing behaviors (Barry et al., 2022). This study in particular looks at its impact for academic achievement in reading, math, and science and external problem …

Best Methods For Establishment And Maintenance Of Pollinator Plantings In Highway Rights-Of-Way, Sophia Lopardo

Open Access Master's Theses

This study explores the potential of highway rights-of-way (ROWs) to serve as habitats for native New England grasses and flowering plants, while also enhancing resources essential for native pollinator communities. This project emphasizes the adaptability of regionally native and insect-pollinated wildflowers and grasses to periodically mowed ROWs; the research assesses various establishment methods that are commonly used in new roadside construction. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different establishment methods for developing roadside pollinator meadows within ROW settings, using species richness (separated into forbs, grasses, insect pollinated functional groups), bare ground percentage, and seed mix germination and persistence …

Herbivore Kairomones Affect Germination Speed, Seedling Growth, And Herbivory, Brooke Pellegrini

Open Access Master's Theses

Seeds and seedlings are particularly vulnerable to herbivory. Unlike mature plants, which can wait until herbivory is experienced to induce defense, seeds and seedlings face mortality if they wait. Slug mucus functions as a kairomone, a non-attack-related substance emitted by consumers that is detected by a prey species (in this case, plants). While snail mucus has been shown to induce defense in seedlings, it is not widely confirmed whether slugs have the same effect and whether seeds can also detect and react to such herbivore cues. We investigated how exposure to Arion subfuscus mucus affected growth and defense in Brassica …

Field Performance Evaluation Of Selectively Bred Eastern Oyster Lines In New Jersey And Rhode Island, Seraphina Satkowski

Open Access Master's Theses

Eastern oyster aquaculture has increased steadily over the last three decades, but the industry has yet to achieve its full potential. In the Northeast USA, production is limited in part by a lack of high performing stocks suited to the geographically broad and heterogenous growing environments. For this study, hatchery lines from Maine, New York, and New Jersey as well as crosses between each hatchery line and the selectively bred Northeast high survival (NEHÒ) line, were deployed at oyster farms in Rhode Island and New Jersey for performance evaluation. Replicate bags of each line were stocked and maintained according to …

Evaluating Yield And Quality Of Heat-Tolerant Broccoli Varieties For Rhode Island Farmers, Calla Pederson

Open Access Master's Theses

In the United States, broccoli is a popular vegetable, important for its nutrition and economic contributions alike. However, its future production is at risk as broccoli prefers cooler climates, with an optimal temperature range of 15 - 23°C (59 - 73°F) for growth, especially in the weeks leading up to harvest. Temperatures above this threshold lead to failure to develop, damage, and unmarketability. There has also been an emphasis on bringing broccoli production back to the East coast from California, as climate events threatened Californian agriculture and local food has become popular, necessitating outside of season broccoli production during times …

Investigation Of Csld And Pme Genes In Cell Division And Expansion In Physcomitrium Patens, Lia Bozza

Open Access Master's Theses

Cellulose Synthase-Like Ds (CSLDs) are cellulose synthase known to participate in cell plate formation and cell wall remodeling. In the moss model, Physcomitrium patens, double csld2/6 knockout (KO) mutants were previously shown to have gametophore leaf phenotypes that are consistent with defects in cytokinesis, including irregular cell shape, cell separations, and incomplete midrib formation (Wu et al., 2023a). When these mutants were grown on ammonium-free medium to promote gametophore development, the severity of the phenotype was more extreme, including incompletely formed cell plates and multinucleated cells (A. Roberts, personal communication). It was also reported that expression of several enzymes …

The Relationship Between Pillar[5]Arene And Pillar[6]Arene In The Synthetic Route To A Water-Soluble Pillar[6]Arene: A Case Of Kinetic And Thermodynamic Products Or Two Distinct, Competing Reactions, Helice A. Gillis

Open Access Dissertations

Pillar[n]arenes, discovered in 2008, have already made their mark as a formidable addition to the field of supramolecular chemistry, largely due to their host-guest chemistry. While the synthesis of pillar[5]arene is well established, the synthesis of pillar[6]arene, with its larger core, has not been so straightforward and mainly accomplished through the use of bulky solvents. Here we present an optimized method for a reproducible, acid-catalyzed synthesis for a brominated pillar[6]arene, starting with a brominated monomer and using chloroform as the templating solvent. Our studies have demonstrated the ratio of brominated pillar[6]arene to brominated pillar[5]arene increases with both decreasing concentration of …

The Relationship Between Mental Health Disclosures, Employee Sentiments And Turnover Intention In The Workplace, Steve G. Winkel

Open Access Dissertations

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between employees’ disclosure of mental health conditions in the workplace and these employees’ sentiments, feelings, and associated outcomes. Utilizing constructs of job satisfaction, affective commitment, normative commitment, motivation, and turnover intentions, the research aims to understand quantifiable differences in the employment experience between employees who disclose and do not disclose (non-disclosure) mental health conditions, as well as the mediating roles of human resources management (HRM), supervisors support, and employee authenticity. Through self-reported data detailing employees’ disclosure experiences, the research also aims to understand the disclosure conversation's specific impact …

Quantifying Links Between Phytoplankton Physiology And The Environment, Gabrielle M. Armin

Open Access Dissertations

Phytoplankton are microscopic, primary producers in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. They are key links in global biogeochemical cycles, converting inorganic compounds into bioavailable nutrients which fuel fisheries. Through photosynthesis, phytoplankton play an essential role in the carbon cycle and marine biological pump, drawing carbon from the atmosphere, which is eventually sequestered in the oceans, regulating our Earth’s climate. Due to their influential role in large scale processes, there have been many efforts to characterize and quantify phytoplankton impacts to ecosystem health and global nutrient cycles. Often, phytoplankton physiology has been highly simplified in global or ecosystem models, limiting their representation to …

Machine Learning For Optimized Ocean Exploration Data Analysis, Puja Banerjee

Open Access Dissertations

The deep sea remains one of the most crucial frontiers in Earth sciences, with vast unknowns regarding its biodiversity, ecosystem dynamics, and geological features and processes, and impact and interaction with humans. Ocean exploration seeks to address this gap by focusing data collection in some of the least known places on the planet in order to significantly expand our knowledge of marine ecosystems, geological formations, and oceanographic processes. Ocean exploration datasets provide crucial insights into a wide range of scientific domains including: deep sea biodiversity, seafloor morphology, and deep-sea soundscapes. The advent of autonomous and remotely operated underwater vehicles (AUVs …

Molecular Interactions Between The Shellfish Pathogen Vibrio Coralliilyticus Re22 And The Probiont Phaeobacter Inhibens S4sm, Jessica Coppersmith

Open Access Dissertations

Oyster larvae aquaculture is an important industry, both economically and environmentally, helping to create sustainable food systems by supplying seed oysters to farms, and also to restoration projects aimed at building coastal resilience and improving water quality by rejuvenating wild populations. However, oyster larvae are highly susceptible to rapid mortality events, crashes, which can seriously impact the industry. One source of these crashes in hatchery systems is vibriosis, caused by pathogenic species of Vibrio bacteria that are ubiquitous in temperate coastal waters, and with rising surface water temperatures their prevalence and virulence are increasing. To prevent these larval crashes from …

The Effect Of Maternal Diet On Developmental Programming: A Cross Species Analysis, Lindsey Eileen Eaton

Open Access Dissertations

Maternal nutrition plays an important role in shaping offspring health through developmental programming, with lasting implications on metabolic function and disease susceptibility. This dissertation explores the molecular and physical consequences of maternal nutrition, particularly its effects on pancreatic development and function in offspring. Chapter one provides a comprehensive review of the literature, detailing the mechanisms of fetal development, epigenetic regulation, and metabolic programming. It highlights the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, the role of DNA methylation and histone modifications, and the impact of maternal nutrition, emphasizing how nutrient availability during pregnancy influences fetal organogenesis and long term metabolic health.

Chapter two examines …

Development And Characterization Of Polysaccharide-Based Controlled Drug Delivery Platforms, Amanda Pepler

Open Access Dissertations

Drug delivery research focuses on overcoming challenges in patient treatment. Most therapeutics are delivered systemically through oral or intravenous routes. However, these administration methods are often inefficient due to therapeutic hydrophobicity, poor bioavailability, and liver metabolic clearance, necessitating frequent dosing. When treatment plans require frequent dosing, patients experience significant fluctuations in therapeutic concentration in the bloodstream, which can increase adverse side effects. These factors contribute to low patient compliance. Therefore, the core focus of drug delivery research is to develop new administration routes for therapeutics. Drug delivery systems (DDS) that can target therapeutics to a localized region offer advantages over …

Probing Biomolecular Structure And Dynamics Via Infrared Action Spectroscopy, Madeline Schultz

Open Access Dissertations

Biomolecular structure is supported by a network of inter- and intramolecular interactions, which can be inherently complex in the condensed phase. Isolating biomolecules from the condensed phase to vacuum, via electrospray ionization (ESI), can afford precise control over experimental conditions, yielding additional structural insight. However, the loss of solvation inherent to the ESI process can drive structural rearrangement, particularly at charge sites.

Microsolvation reagents can be used to partially mimic the solvation of charged moieties in solution as they are brought into the gas phase through complexation. This serves two primary functions: 1) reducing propensity for structural rearrangement of systems …