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The Benefits And Challenges Of Multiple Health Behavior Change In Research And In Practice, Judith J. Prochaska, Claudio R. Nigg, Bonnie Spring, Wayne F. Velicer, James O. Prochaska

Cancer Prevention Research Center Faculty Publications

Objective: The major chronic diseases are caused by multiple risks, yet the science of multiple health behavior change (MHBC) is at an early stage, and factors that facilitate or impede scientists' involvement in MHBC research are unknown. Benefits and challenges of MHBC interventions were investigated to strengthen researchers' commitment and prepare them for challenges.

Method: An online anonymous survey was e-mailed to listservs of the Society of Behavioral Medicine between May 2006 and 2007. Respondents (N = 69) were 83% female; 94% held a doctoral degree; 64% were psychologists, 24% were in public health; and 83% targeted MHBC in …

Exposure To Cold But Not Exercise Increases Carbon Turnover Rates In Specific Tissues Of A Passerine, U. Bauchinger, J. Keil, R. A. Mckinney, J. M. Starck, Scott R. Mcwilliams

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Carbon turnover differs between tissues within an animal, but the extent to which ecologically relevant increases in metabolism affect carbon turnover rates is largely unknown. We tested the energy expenditure and protein turnover hypotheses that predict increased carbon turnover, either in association with increased daily energy expenditure, or in concert with tissue-specific increased protein metabolism. We used stable-isotope-labeled diets to quantify the rate of carbon turnover in 12 different tissues for three groups of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata): cold-exposed birds kept at ambient temperatures below their thermoneutral zone, exercised birds that were flown for 2 h per day …

Equity In Community Forests In Bhutan, Bill Buffum, A. Lawrence, K. J. Temphel

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

The equity of Bhutan's new community forestry program was assessed after three years of experience with timber harvesting. Despite the impressive achievements of community forestry programs elsewhere in South Asia, there is increasing evidence that poor and disadvantaged members of community forestry management groups benefit less than other members. We compared this with the situation in Bhutan. All households in three villages were ranked by socio-economic status before analyzing the distribution of community forest (CF) products. A household survey and focus group interviews provided more detailed information on how the socio-economic groups participated in the CFs. Economic equity (distribution of …

Common Factors Predicting Long-Term Changes In Multiple Health Behaviors, Bryan J. Blissmer, James O. Prochaska, Wayne F. Velicer, Colleen A. Redding, Joseph S. Rossi, Geoffrey W. Greene, Andrea L. Paiva, Mark L. Robbins

Cancer Prevention Research Center Faculty Publications

This study was designed to assess if there are consistent treatment, stage, severity, effort and demographic effects which predict long-term changes across the multiple behaviors of smoking, diet and sun exposure. A secondary data analysis integrated data from four studies on smoking cessation (N = 3927), three studies on diet (N = 4824) and four studies on sun exposure (N = 6465). Across all three behaviors, behavior change at 24 months was related to treatment, stage of change, problem severity and effort effects measured at baseline. There were no consistent demographic effects. Across multiple behaviors, long-term behavior …

Freshman Record : The University Of Rhode Island, The Interfraternity/Panhellenic Councils

Freshman Record

No abstract provided.

Renaissance 2010, University Of Rhode Island

URI Yearbooks

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the University of Rhode Island yearbook.

Gender And Women's Studies Newsletter For Fall 2010, Uri Gender And Women's Studies Department

Gender and Women's Studies Publications

The Fall 2010 issue of Gender and Women’s Studies Newsletter, a periodical with articles written by faculty members and some related to events within the Gender and Women’s Studies program.

Natural Stem Cell Transplantation: Interventions, Nuances And Ethics, Susan Bewely, Jose Luis Diaz-Rossello, Judith S. Mercer

College of Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Physical And Mental Health-Related Correlates Of Physical Function In Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross Sectional Study, Carol Ewing Garber, Pat Burbank, Mary L. Greaney, Deborah Riebe, Claudio R. Nigg, Phillip G. Clark

College of Nursing Faculty Publications

Background

Physical function is the ability to perform both basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and the ability of older adults to reside in the community depends to a large extent on their level of physical function. Multiple physical and health-related variables may differentially affect physical function, but they have not been well characterized. The purpose of this investigation was to identify and examine physical and mental health-related correlates of physical function in a sample of community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

Nine hundred and four community dwelling older men (n = 263) and women (n = 641) with a mean …

Comparison Of Diet Quality, Physical Activity And Biochemical Values Of Older Adults Either Reporting Or Not Reporting Use Of Lipid-Lowering Medication, Ingrid E. Lofgren, Geoffrey Greene, S. Schembre, Matthew J. Delmonico, Deborah Riebe, P. Clark

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare standard lipid profile, reported dietary intake, and physical activity in older adults who reported taking or not taking a lipid-lowering medication, namely statins.

Design: Cross-sectional study utilizing baseline data collected from a subsample of a larger randomized clinical trial, The Study of Exercise and Nutrition in Older Rhode Islanders (SENIOR) Project.

Participants and Setting: A total of 115 participants, 33 males and 82 females, over the age of 60, community-dwelling, primarily retired, and from East Providence, Rhode Island and surrounding communities in Rhode Island and Massachusetts.

Measurements: Height and weight were …

Uri Undergraduate And Graduate Course Catalog 2010-2011, University Of Rhode Island

URI Course Catalogs Archive

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the University of Rhode Island course catalog.

Characterizing The Advanced Glycation Endproducts Formation Of Proteins And Nucleotides By Methylglyoxal And Glyoxal, Praveen Kumar Pampati

Open Access Dissertations

Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of molecules formed from the nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugars with free amino groups of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. The initial product of this reaction is called a Schiff base, which rearranges itself into an Amadori or glycation product which can further rearrange to AGEs. The reaction is called Maillard reaction and is the basis for all protein glycation studies. AGEs accumulate in tissues and associate with the pathology of various diseases like Diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, renal failure, aging, etc. Methylglyoxal, 3-Deoxyglucosone and glyoxal (oxoaldehydes or α-dicarbonyls) have recently been proposed …

Physiological And Molecular Mechanisms Of Salt Stress Tolerance In Festuca Rubra And Lolium Perenne, Sanalkumar Krishnan

Open Access Dissertations

The present study was conducted to identify the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in the salt tolerance of Festuca rubra ssp rubra and Lolium perenne. The salt tolerance levels of 36 Festuca accessions and 52 Lolium perenne accessions were evaluated in the greenhouse under 5000, 7500, 10000, 12500 and 15000 ppm NaCl concentrations. The study identified PI 595057 and PI 632525 as salt tolerant and sensitive Festuca rubra accessions. PI 632542, PI 636644 and PI 618999 were found to be the most salt tolerant L. perenne accessions while PI 610932, PI 619002, PI 610924 and PI 632474 were the most …

Drug Safety Issues Focusing On Liver And Pancreas Toxicity, Thamir M. Alshammari

Open Access Dissertations

Background: Medications benefit people with diseases and medical conditions, improving many patients' lives and in some cases significantly increasing their quality of life. Despite these great benefits, medications can lead to serious adverse effects. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are the 4^th leading cause of death, greater than major killers including pulmonary diseases, diabetes and automobile death. Not all medication groups have the same incidence in inducing diseases. Anti-infective agents - including antibacterial agents- are the most likely to induce diseases followed by cardiovascular agents and antineoplastic agents.

Objectives: Drug safety is a very important issue in patient …

Red Algae Lose Key Mitochondrial Genes In Response To Becoming Parasitic, Lillian Hancock, Lynda Goff, Christopher E. Lane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Red algal parasites are unusual because the vast majority of them parasitize species with which they share a recent common ancestor. This strategy has earned them the name “adelphoparasites,” from the Greek, adelpho, meaning “kin.” Intracellular adelphoparasites are very rare in nature, yet have independently evolved hundreds of times among the floridiophyte red algae. Much is known about the life history and infection cycle of these parasites but nearly nothing in known about their genomes. We sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of the free-living Gracilariopsis andersonii and its closely related parasite Gracilariophila oryzoides to determine what effect a parasitic lifestyle has …

Tracking The Oxidative Kinetics Of Carbohydrates, Amino Acids And Fatty Acids In The House Sparrow Using Exhaled 13Co2, Marshall D. Mccue, O. Sivan, Scott R. Mcwilliams, B. Pinshow

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Clinicians commonly measure the ¹³CO₂ in exhaled breath samples following administration of a metabolic tracer (breath testing) to diagnose certain infections and metabolic disorders. We believe that breath testing can become a powerful tool to investigate novel questions about the influence of ecological and physiological factors on the oxidative fates of exogenous nutrients. Here we examined several predictions regarding the oxidative kinetics of specific carbohydrates, amino acids and fatty acids in a dietary generalist, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). After administering postprandial birds with 20 mg of one of seven ¹³C-labeled tracers, we measured rates …

Lead Exposure, Aging And Biomarkers In Alzheimer's Disease, Aderemi Dosunmu

Open Access Dissertations

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. To investigate AD risk factors, we reviewed epidemiologic case control studies and recent research for AD's connection to the environment. Next, we examined the number one risk factor in AD, aging. We compared and contrasted lifespan profiles of AD-associated mRNA and protein levels in monkeys and mice. The AD-related biomarkers were APP mRNA and protein; Aβ levels; specificity protein 1 (SP1); and the β-amyloid precursor cleaving enzyme (BACE1). In mice, APP and Sp1 mRNA and their protein products were elevated late in life; Aβ levels declined. In monkeys, APP, Sp1, and BACE1 …

The Effect Of Perinatal Morbidity, Child Health And Maternal Influences On Social Competence At Age 12 Years In Formerly Preterm Infants, Nicole C. Smith

Open Access Dissertations

Prematurity is a national problem with rates climbing to the highest levels in four decades. Social competence is a critically important skill for children to master in order to become socially competent adults. Social competence is not fully studied in children born prematurely. Yet they are at risk for poorer social competence due to their physical, cognitive, motor and developmental difficulties. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of perinatal morbidity, child health, and maternal influences on social competence at age 12 in a sample of formerly preterm infants and a full term comparison group. Two hypotheses …

Curricular Affairs Committee Minutes December 15, 2009, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Committee Reports and Appendices

No abstract provided.

Curricular Affairs Committee Minutes November 23, 2009, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Committee Reports and Appendices

No abstract provided.

Phenotopic Plasticity Of Leaf Shape Along A Temperature Gradient In Acer Rubrum, Dana L. Royer, Laura A. Meyerson, Kevin M. Robertson, Jonathan M. Adams

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Both phenotypic plasticity and genetic determination can be important for understanding how plants respond to environmental change. However, little is known about the plastic response of leaf teeth and leaf dissection to temperature. This gap is critical because these leaf traits are commonly used to reconstruct paleoclimate from fossils, and such studies tacitly assume that traits measured from fossils reflect the environment at the time of their deposition, even during periods of rapid climate change. We measured leaf size and shape in Acer rubrum derived from four seed sources with a broad temperature range and grown for two years in …

Serials Unit Annual Report 2008-2009, Andree J. Rathemacher

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Annual report of the Serials Unit, University Library, University of Rhode Island. Covers personnel, work flow, subscriptions, and statistics on expenditures by a number of variables.

Ebsco Historical Price Analysis Report 2009

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

This report lists all periodicals subscribed to in 2009 through EBSCO Subscription Services by the University Libraries, University of Rhode Island. This report analyzes prices over a five-year period. Information provided includes title, frequency, price in each of the last five years, and percent changes in price over five years. The list is sorted by LC Classification to better show the price changes in each discipline/subject area. The associated spreadsheet includes additional information such as ISSN, Library of Congress Classification number, country of origin, publisher name, and title format (print or online). The spreadsheet may be downloaded and sorted by …

Serials Solutions Click-Through Statistics By Provider And Database 2008-2009

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Statistics on the total number of database and journal-level clicks, by provider and database, of Serials Solutions tools at the University of Rhode Island Libraries by month for 2008-2009. Clicks may have originated from the A-Z full text electronic journal list (at http://zu4tq4pb5v.search.serialssolutions.com/), from OpenURL links ("360 Link"), or the 856 fields of Serials Solutions-generated MARC records ("360 MARC Updates").

Digitalcommons@University Of Rhode Island Statistics 2008-2009

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Statistics on the total number of full text downloads from the DigitalCommons@University of Rhode Island institutional repository for 2008-2009. Data are provided monthly on the number of full text downloads by collection and document, and on the number of referrals by domain and country. Dissertations are included in the statistics. Digital Commons statistics are COUNTER-compliant, with downloads from robots and automated processes filtered out.

Serials Solutions Subject Search Report 2008-2009

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Statistics on the total number of Serials Solutions subject searches at the University of Rhode Island Libraries by month for 2008-2009. Shows how many times the A-Z full text electronic journal list (at http://zu4tq4pb5v.search.serialssolutions.com/) was browsed by specific subjects.

Student Interest In Genetic Testing For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Sajel Shah

Senior Honors Projects

The National Institute of Health reports that more than 65 percent of American adults are overweight or obese and that the rate of obesity is steadily on the rise. Being overweight increases the odds of developing many serious health problems. For example, being overweight increases a person’s chances of developing heart disease, stroke, certain kinds of cancers, and Type 2 Diabetes. Particularly, the increase in the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes has paralleled the increase in the overweight/obesity epidemic in America.

With the development of new technology to identify and map genes, more and more diseases are being tied to …

Bff Study: Relationship Between Physical Activity, Fitness Levels, And Blood Glucose Concentrations, Leah Dorfman

Senior Honors Projects

Problem Statement: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Obesity and sedentary lifestyles are both major risk factors for CHD. There is limited research regarding the combination of diet and physical activity education for overweight and obese college aged females who are at risk for developing CHD.

Background: There are several traditional risk factors for CHD that indicate who is at higher risk for developing CHD. There fore, it is important to determine successful interventions that modify CHD risk in order to decrease CHD incidence. Glucose intolerance, physical activity, and fitness level may …

The Green Bean Coffee House: An Exploration Of The Specialty Coffee Industry And Sustainable Business Practices, Evan Hunt

Senior Honors Projects

Many Americans are getting sick of the way things have become and the way things are, from the government to the quality of food we put into our bodies. We are upon a new frontier, people are changing the way they live and consume. The days of quantity over quality are fading. Many consumers are making purchases and consumption decisions based on more than a simple cost analysis. How and where a given product was produced, whether or not the trade involved of a given product was truly ethical, and what are the environmental implications of getting that product to …

Likely Outcomes In The National Debate Over Greenhouse Gas Emissions -A Public Policy Analysis, Maureen Coyle

Senior Honors Projects

In 2005, the Convention on Climate Change took many conceptual ideas regarding greenhouse gas emissions, best practices, and national environmental policies and committed the 192 member countries to legislation known as the Kyoto Protocol. The United States signed this protocol but it was not ratified, and therefore the United States need not and has not, been bound to the protocol. However, the new administration, under President Barack Obama, promises the United States is now ready to assume leadership in tackling climate change.

In December of this year, the United Nations Climate Change Conference will take place in Copenhagen, Denmark to …