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The Value Of Marine Conservation, Sian Rees Jan 2012

The Value Of Marine Conservation, Sian Rees

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

The marine environment provides essential ecosystem services that are critical to the functioning of the earth’s life support system and the maintenance of human well-being. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are recognised as being the mechanism though which marine natural capital may be conserved. This thesis focuses on the value associated with marine conservation in a case study area, Lyme Bay, England where a ‘closed area’ was created in 2008. A review of literature spanning 20 years shows that despite sound ecological knowledge of a marine area, the reliance on traditional neo-classical economic valuations for marine spatial planning can obscure other …

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Characterization Of Cholinesterase Activities For Pesticide Exposure In Food Animals, Kasim Sakran Abass Askar Jan 2012

Characterization Of Cholinesterase Activities For Pesticide Exposure In Food Animals, Kasim Sakran Abass Askar

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

The primary aim of the work described in this thesis is to establish a foundation for the applicability of a biochemical biomarker, cholinesterase (ChE) activity in food animal species, as an instrument for evaluating exposure to pollutants as well as predicting high-level effects on public health. Secondary aims are to increase the awareness of pesticide users of anti-ChE exposure, to decide whether poisoning episodes involve anti-ChE by measuring residual effects in tissues, and to identify sources of contamination in food animal tissues. The ChE are specialized carboxylic ester hydrolases that break down esters of choline. They are classified as either …

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Evaluation Of Shoreline Change Using Optical Satellite Images, Case Study Of Progreso, Yucatán, Gabriela Garcia-Rubio Jan 2012

Evaluation Of Shoreline Change Using Optical Satellite Images, Case Study Of Progreso, Yucatán, Gabriela Garcia-Rubio

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

A technique to extract the shoreline from optical satellite images has been developed, evaluated and applied to the case study site of Progreso, Yucatán, México. This site was chosen as it is frequently subject to hurricanes, shows shoreline erosion and has a paucity of coastal data. The area under investigation is an 8 km length of shoreline that faces north into the Gulf of México. A novel method to extract satellite-derived shorelines (SDS) was developed ensuring the maximum contrast between sea and land. The SDS was validated using quasisimultaneous in situ shoreline measurements from one day in two different years …

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Exploring Creative Tourism: Editors Introduction, Greg Richards, Lénia Marques Jan 2012

Exploring Creative Tourism: Editors Introduction, Greg Richards, Lénia Marques

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

This paper provides an overview of the contributions to special issue of the Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice entitled "Exploring Creative Tourism‟. Creative tourism has grown rapidly in the past decade, reflecting the growing desire of consumers to develop their own creative potential and to attach themselves to creative networks, as well as the need for creative producers, cities and regions to profile themselves in an increasingly crowded global market. The case studies in the special issue examine creative tourism in a range of different contexts and present a range of models of creative tourism development in fields such …

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Creativity In The Johari Window: An Alternative Model For Creating Tourism Programmes, Márta Jusztin Jan 2012

Creativity In The Johari Window: An Alternative Model For Creating Tourism Programmes, Márta Jusztin

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

Alongside the recent cultural tourism trends of edutainment, active participation, learning, and the interest in the ‘unique’; the desire of tourists to get involved in the creative process has been steadily gaining popularity. The final aim of this desire for involvement is not necessarily the creation of an artwork, but rather the process of experiencing. This is where creativity and creative activities play an important role, even in tourism. This paper examines the forms and perspectives of participation and creativity in tourism supply by developing an alternative JoHari model; exploring creative tourism from the perspective of co-creation between tourists and …

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Tourist Creative Processes And Experiences In The European Cultural Itinerary ‘The Phoenicians’ Route’, Eliana Messineo Jan 2012

Tourist Creative Processes And Experiences In The European Cultural Itinerary ‘The Phoenicians’ Route’, Eliana Messineo

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

Cultural itineraries represent a favourable context for the development of creative processes and experiences. This paper examines the creative activities and projects of a European Cultural Itinerary, The Phoenicians’ Route. The aim was to explore the creative features related to the production and development of the cultural-tourist offer, through a survey of participants in a pilot project, and on a network of local partners that co-operate in running the itinerary. The results of this research provide a rating of the total potential of itinerary itself, contributing to its definition as a ‘creative system’.

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Creative Tourism In Saint Petersburg: The State Of The Art, Valery Gordin, Marina Matetskaya Jan 2012

Creative Tourism In Saint Petersburg: The State Of The Art, Valery Gordin, Marina Matetskaya

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

Tourism development in St. Petersburg, which is a major cultural centre, has improved in terms of tourist flows; both tourism demand and tourist products have become more diverse. These improvements give grounds for a fairly optimistic prognosis for the tourist industry in St. Petersburg. At the same time, there are a number of factors which may endanger sustainable development of tourism in St. Petersburg. The current situation calls for a more flexible and innovative approach to industry development. Among these factors are the pronounced seasonal character of tourism, the short-term visits of most of the tourists, and the rather conservative, …

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Facing The Challenge? Creative Tourism In Croatia, Daniela Angelina Jelinčić, Ana Žuvela Jan 2012

Facing The Challenge? Creative Tourism In Croatia, Daniela Angelina Jelinčić, Ana Žuvela

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

In the last decade, creativity has become a buzz word in developmental context, from creative industries, creative classes, creative economy, creative cities, creative business, creative governance to creative tourism. Creative industries have often been used in the context of creative cities’ development creating their image internationally especially through tourism. In order to attract visitors, a new type of tourism has been developed: creative tourism. The article questions its definition as it also questions the need of cities to be re-branded through creative tourism. Two Croatian case studies are featured as to re-think the position of creative tourism in local development: …

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Creating New Cultural Visitor Experiences On Islands: Challenges And Opportunities, John S. Hull, Ulrike Sassenberg Jan 2012

Creating New Cultural Visitor Experiences On Islands: Challenges And Opportunities, John S. Hull, Ulrike Sassenberg

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

Cultural tourism is increasingly recognized as an important motivation for international travelers in search of experiencing the cultural heritage, arts, philosophy and institutions of another region or country. The UNWTO reports that 37% of all international trips include a cultural component and that cultural tourism is growing at 15% annually. Creative tourism, a subset of cultural tourism, is one of these new forms of tourism. While cultural tourism is considered a passive observation of things of the past such as artifacts, creative tourism is the transfer of the past into the present and the future via communication between locals and …

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Boosting Potential Creative Tourism Resources: The Case Of Siby (Mali), Lénia Marques Jan 2012

Boosting Potential Creative Tourism Resources: The Case Of Siby (Mali), Lénia Marques

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

This paper further develops the conceptual framework for creative tourism, discussing the co-creation of experiences and the identification of potential resources for creative tourism development. The case of the village of Siby, in Mali, West Africa, illustrates the development of tourism and creativity in a non-western, rural environment, where creative tourism experiences can emerge spontaneously. The impacts of creative tourism are analysed and the need for more specific policies is highlighted, particularly in view of the inherent risks in creative tourism development.

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Conference Reports: Journal Of Tourism Consumption And Practice Volume 4 No.2 2012, Grahm Busby Jan 2012

Conference Reports: Journal Of Tourism Consumption And Practice Volume 4 No.2 2012, Grahm Busby

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

Educational travel – Expanding Horizons, Tallinn 19-21 August 2011 The First BITCO – Belgrade International Tourism Conference – Belgrade, 22-24 March 2012 Dark Tourism Symposium – UCLAN Westleigh Conference Centre, Preston – 24 April 2012

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Book Reviews: Journal Of Tourism Consumption And Practice Volume 4 No.2 2012, Graham Busby, Charlie Mansfield, Kevin Meethan Jan 2012

Book Reviews: Journal Of Tourism Consumption And Practice Volume 4 No.2 2012, Graham Busby, Charlie Mansfield, Kevin Meethan

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

World Film Locations – Madrid Torres Hortelano, L.J. (ed) (2011) Intellect Books & University of Chicago Press, Bristol and Chicago. 128 pp. Pb ISBN-978-1-84150-568-8 World Film Locations: Paris. Marcelline Block (ed). (2011) Intellect Books & University of Chicago Press, Bristol and Chicago. Pp. 128. Pb. ISBN 978-1-84150-561-9, E ISBN 978-1-84150-561-6. Collective Creativity: Art and Society in the South Pacific. Katherine Giuffre (2009) Ashgate pp163 ISBN 987-0-7546-7664-5

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An Agent-Based Approach For Improving The Performance Of Distributed Business Processes In Maritime Port Community, Loay Abdul-Mageed Jan 2012

An Agent-Based Approach For Improving The Performance Of Distributed Business Processes In Maritime Port Community, Loay Abdul-Mageed

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

In the recent years, the concept of “port community” has been adopted by the maritime transport industry in order to achieve a higher degree of coordination and cooperation amongst organizations involved in the transfer of goods through the port area. The business processes of the port community supply chain form a complicated process which involves several process steps, multiple actors, and numerous information exchanges. One of the widely used applications of ICT in ports is the Port Community System (PCS) which is implemented in ports in order to reduce paperwork and to facilitate the information flow related to port operations …

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Morphological Response Of High-Energy Macrotidal Beaches, Timothy Poate Jan 2012

Morphological Response Of High-Energy Macrotidal Beaches, Timothy Poate

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

Spatial data collected over 3 years is presented to assess the extent of morphological variability under seasonal and storm waves at four high-energy macrotidal beaches. A novel approach is adopted to identify and classify the beach response which is used to assess the relative stability of the system to changes in the dominant forcing conditions. Field measurements and modelling simulations using XBeach provide further support for a storm dominated system exhibiting relative stability. Morphologically the beaches range from dissipative to intermediate and are characterised by low tide bar/rip morphology which plays a key role in the nearshore dynamics and beach …

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The Effects Of Lactobacillus Plantarum Ncimb 41607 On Salmonella Infection And The Microbial Population In The Gastrointestinal Tract Of The Chicken, Nabil Ali Wali Jan 2012

The Effects Of Lactobacillus Plantarum Ncimb 41607 On Salmonella Infection And The Microbial Population In The Gastrointestinal Tract Of The Chicken, Nabil Ali Wali

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

Salmonellosis is a foodborne disease, poultry and poultry products are the main source of the disease. Many countries including Iraq still use antibiotics to control Salmonella. The increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria putatively caused by the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture has provided the incentive to look for alterna-tives to antibiotic to control diseases in livestock. Lactic acid bacteria with probiotic characteristics have the potential to beneficially affect the gut microflora of chick-ens and help reduce the incidence of Salmonella infection. In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 41607 was examined in vitro for in-hibitory effects against Salmonella and in vivo …

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Relating Genotoxicity To Dna Repair And Reproductive Success In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Exposed To Environmental Toxicants, Helena C. Reinardy Jan 2012

Relating Genotoxicity To Dna Repair And Reproductive Success In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Exposed To Environmental Toxicants, Helena C. Reinardy

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

The potential for environmental toxicants to cause genetic damage (genotoxicity) in organisms is a prominent concern because effects on DNA can compromise reproductive success and survival in organisms. Genotoxicity in male germ cells is of particular concern because damage to DNA in sperm may not be repaired and the consequences of damaged genetic material may be transgenerational (from parent to offspring). An integrated approach across multiple levels of biological organization is necessary to establish linkages between exposure to genotoxicants and subsequent effects at molecular and higher levels of biological organization. This thesis addresses the relation between toxicant-induced genotoxicity and reproductive …

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Developing Methods For Understanding The Nature Of Voting Patterns And Party Competition In Britain, Galina Borisyuk Jan 2012

Developing Methods For Understanding The Nature Of Voting Patterns And Party Competition In Britain, Galina Borisyuk

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

This research both develops new methods and expands upon existing methodologies in order to improve our understanding of voting patterns and party competition in Britain. The thesis comprises five sections, each of which relates to a particular research focus. The first and principal section describes the process of determining a new method for decomposing electoral bias for three-party competition under simple plurality rules of voting. The study of electoral bias is important for voting systems that requires periodic boundary reviews intended to equalise electorate and to remove malapportionment. These papers describe both the process for developing the threeparty bias method …

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A Garden In Her Cups: Botanical Medicines Of The Anglo-American Home, C.1580 – 1800, Bruna Gushurst-Moore Jan 2012

A Garden In Her Cups: Botanical Medicines Of The Anglo-American Home, C.1580 – 1800, Bruna Gushurst-Moore

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

This thesis focuses on the domestic use of plant-based medicines within Early Modern English and Colonial American households, and establishes the defining framework of a domestic botanical culture. It reconstructs the relationship between domestic, popular, and learned medical cultures to reveal the breadth of that practice, demonstrating the unique characteristics of the domestic culture which are underpinned by a shared canon of herbs and a high degree of flexible adaptability by individual practitioners. The botanicals (medicinal plants and the remedies made from them) are themselves analysed through the genres of household receipt book manuscripts, private letters, and journals, as well …

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Spirited Measures And Victorian Hangovers: Public Attitudes To Alcohol, The Law And Moral Regulation., Henry Yeomans Jan 2012

Spirited Measures And Victorian Hangovers: Public Attitudes To Alcohol, The Law And Moral Regulation., Henry Yeomans

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

From alarm about the prospect of ‘twenty-four drinking’ to campaigns for a minimum price per unit, the last decade has shown that alcohol consumption is an inflammatory issue in this country. It has become commonplace to hear that drinking is ‘out of control’ and that it is a new and worsening problem largely unique to Britain. However, comparative research reveals that alcohol consumption in Britain is not unusually high and even a cursory glance at history shows that extreme bouts of alarm about drinking have been common on these shores since at least the eighteenth century. What is at the …

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Editorial, Judith Rowbotham, Kim Stevenson, Samantha Pegg Jan 2012

Editorial, Judith Rowbotham, Kim Stevenson, Samantha Pegg

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

No abstract provided.

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Zealous Advocates: The Historical Foundations Of The Adversarial Criminal Defence Lawyer, Tom Smith Jan 2012

Zealous Advocates: The Historical Foundations Of The Adversarial Criminal Defence Lawyer, Tom Smith

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

The place of the criminal defence lawyer in the modern criminal justice system is a given; every suspect and defendant expects full representation as a right. However, the defence lawyer appeared surprisingly late in the long and venerable history of the English and Welsh legal system. Notwithstanding the defence lawyer‟s role as advocate for the accused, this unique professional role involves a variety of duties and obligations. This article will focus on the historical development of these core „principles‟ of criminal defence as well as the expansion of the role in the general context of adversarialism.

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Street Disorder In The Metropolis, 1905-39, Stefan Slater Jan 2012

Street Disorder In The Metropolis, 1905-39, Stefan Slater

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

This article uses insights from sociology, criminology and anthropology to establish patterns of disorder in early-to-mid twentieth century London. As criminal statistics are shown to be the products of both behavioural and institutional practices, this discussion opens with an examination of police culture to comprehend the range of variables influencing decision making on the beat. The second section develops this occupational model further to interpret the trends shown by the statistics. With this appreciation of policing in practice, the third part argues that integrating Taylor‟s supply-side approach with a street-level understanding of the relationship between police and policed, while considering …

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Absent Fireguards And Burnt Children: Coroners And The Development Of Clause 15 Of The Children Act 1908, Vicky Holmes Jan 2012

Absent Fireguards And Burnt Children: Coroners And The Development Of Clause 15 Of The Children Act 1908, Vicky Holmes

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

Government intrusion into the homes of the working-classes gained momentum through the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. One hitherto unexamined piece of legislation that sought to regulate behaviour was a clause in the Children Act 1908 pertaining to the use of domestic fireguards. This transpired because of the outcry of coroners who conducted inquests into the deaths of children fatally burned in their homes, supposedly a safe refuge, a space constructed as a maternal responsibility. Coroners increasingly believed such accidents were a result of either maternal carelessness or negligence, especially those involving unguarded fires and absent mothers. Yet, limited …

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Do Adverts Increase The Probability Of Finding Online Cognitive Behavioural Therapy For Depression? Cross-Sectional Study., Ray B. Jones, Lesley Goldsmith, Paul Hewson, Boulos Mn Kamel, Christopher J. Williams Jan 2012

Do Adverts Increase The Probability Of Finding Online Cognitive Behavioural Therapy For Depression? Cross-Sectional Study., Ray B. Jones, Lesley Goldsmith, Paul Hewson, Boulos Mn Kamel, Christopher J. Williams

School of Nursing and Midwifery

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effect of online adverts on the probability of finding online cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for depression. DESIGN: Exploratory online cross-sectional study of search experience of people in the UK with depression in 2011. (1) The authors identified the search terms over 6 months entered by users who subsequently clicked on the advert for online help for depression. (2) A panel of volunteers across the UK recorded websites presented by normal Google search for the term 'depression'. (iii) The authors examined these websites to estimate probabilities of knowledgeable and naive internet users finding online CBT and the …

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Use Of A Clay Modeling Task To Reduce Chocolate Craving., Jackie Andrade, Sally Pears, Jon May, David J. Kavanagh Jan 2012

Use Of A Clay Modeling Task To Reduce Chocolate Craving., Jackie Andrade, Sally Pears, Jon May, David J. Kavanagh

School of Psychology

Elaborated Intrusion theory (EI theory; Kavanagh, Andrade, & May, 2005) posits two main cognitive components in craving: associative processes that lead to intrusive thoughts about the craved substance or activity, and elaborative processes supporting mental imagery of the substance or activity. We used a novel visuospatial task to test the hypothesis that visual imagery plays a key role in craving. Experiment 1 showed that spending 10 min constructing shapes from modeling clay (plasticine) reduced participants' craving for chocolate compared with spending 10 min 'letting your mind wander'. Increasing the load on verbal working memory using a mental arithmetic task (counting …

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Implicit Social Learning In Relation To Autistic-Like Traits, Matthew Hudson, Tanja C.W. Nijboer, Tjeerd Jellema Jan 2012

Implicit Social Learning In Relation To Autistic-Like Traits, Matthew Hudson, Tanja C.W. Nijboer, Tjeerd Jellema

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Young Children Consider Merit When Sharing Resources With Others, Patricia Kanngiesser, Felix Warneken Jan 2012

Young Children Consider Merit When Sharing Resources With Others, Patricia Kanngiesser, Felix Warneken

School of Psychology

Merit is a key principle of fairness: rewards should be distributed according to how much someone contributed to a task. Previous research suggests that children have an early ability to take merit into account in third-party situations but that merit-based sharing in first-party contexts does not emerge until school-age. Here we provide evidence that three- and five-year-old children already use merit to share resources with others, even when sharing is costly for the child. In Study 1, a child and a puppet-partner collected coins that were later exchanged for rewards. We varied the work-contribution of both partners by manipulating how …

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Temperate And Tropical Brown Macroalgae Thrive, Despite Decalcification, Along Natural Co2 Gradients, Vivienne R. Johnson, Bayden D. Russell, Katharina E. Fabricius, Colin Brownlee, Jason M. Hall-Spencer Jan 2012

Temperate And Tropical Brown Macroalgae Thrive, Despite Decalcification, Along Natural Co2 Gradients, Vivienne R. Johnson, Bayden D. Russell, Katharina E. Fabricius, Colin Brownlee, Jason M. Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Individual Differences In (Non-Visual) Processing Style Predict The Face Inversion Effect, Na Wyer, D Martin, T Pickup, Cn Macrae Jan 2012

Individual Differences In (Non-Visual) Processing Style Predict The Face Inversion Effect, Na Wyer, D Martin, T Pickup, Cn Macrae

School of Psychology

Recent research suggests that individuals with relatively weak global precedence (i.e., a smaller propensity to view visual stimuli in a configural manner) show a reduced face inversion effect (FIE). Coupled with such findings, a number of recent studies have demonstrated links between an advantage for feature-based processing and the presentation of traits associated with autism among the general population. The present study sought to bridge these findings by investigating whether a relationship exists between the possession of autism-associated traits (i.e., as indicated by individuals’“autism quotient” [(AQ) and the size of the FIE. Participants completed an on-line study in which the …

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Sensory Imagery In Craving: From Cognitive Psychology To New Treatments For Addiction, J Andrade, J May, Dk Kavanagh Jan 2012

Sensory Imagery In Craving: From Cognitive Psychology To New Treatments For Addiction, J Andrade, J May, Dk Kavanagh

School of Psychology

Sensory imagery is a powerful tool for inducing craving because it is a key component of the cognitive system that underpins human motivation. The role of sensory imagery in motivation is explained by Elaborated Intrusion (EI) theory. Imagery plays an important role in motivation because it conveys the emotional qualities of the desired event, mimicking anticipated pleasure or relief, and continual elaboration of the imagery ensures that the target stays in mind. We argue that craving is a conscious state, intervening between unconscious triggers and consumption, and summarise evidence that interfering with sensory imagery can weaken cravings. We argue that …

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