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Gastrointestinal Antigen Processing And Its Relevance To Enteric Vaccine Delivery In Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum, 1792), Edward Charles Lavelle Jan 1994

Gastrointestinal Antigen Processing And Its Relevance To Enteric Vaccine Delivery In Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum, 1792), Edward Charles Lavelle

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

An investigation of antigen processing in the rainbow trout gastrointestine was carried out to provide a rational basis for the design of oral delivery systems for protein antigens. Using in vitro systems involving isolated lumenal enzymes and gut cell suspensions the degradation of human gamma globulin (HGG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was analysed by Western blotting and laser densitometry. Proteolysis by lumenal enzymes was dependant on pH and temperature and serine proteases were found to be partly responsible for antigen degradation in the intestine. The extent of intracellular proteolysis depended on the antigen used and on the gut region …

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Investigation Of Chelating Dye Impregnated Resins For The Ion Chromatographic Determination Of Trace Metals, Brett Paull Jan 1994

Investigation Of Chelating Dye Impregnated Resins For The Ion Chromatographic Determination Of Trace Metals, Brett Paull

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

A high-performance chelation ion chromatography (HPCIC) system using chelating dye impregnated resins for the determination of trace metals in various complex matrices is described. The parameters involved in the production of dye impregnated chelating columns have been identified and optimised, A range of chelating dyes have been impregnated successfully into high-performance substrates, producing a number of chelating columns capable of both metal preconcentration and separations. Each of the chelating columns produced exhibited unique chelating properties. These columns have been classified in terms of metal retention characteristics, separation capability and efficiency, dye loading and column capacities. A number of the above …

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The Dissolution And Photodegradation Of Kuwait Crude Oil In Seawater, Lulwa Nasser Ali Jan 1994

The Dissolution And Photodegradation Of Kuwait Crude Oil In Seawater, Lulwa Nasser Ali

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

To further a quantitative understanding of the effects of weathering on oil spilled at sea, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the dissolution and photodegradation kinetics of Kuwait crude oil in seawater. A simple and practical method was developed for the preparation of stable homogeneous samples of sea water-soluble oil (SWSF) at 25 "C. The dissolution was monitored by two independent but complementary methods; total dissolved oil was measured by a photochemical dissolved organic carbon (DOC) technique whilst the dominant soluble constituents, aromatic hydrocarbons, were measured by ultraviolet-fluorescence (UVF) spectrophotometry. Maximum dissolution was observed after slowly stirring …

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The Sub-Surface Distribution Of Some Heavy Metals Following Sewage Sludge Injection Into Grassland Soils, Rachel Brown Jan 1994

The Sub-Surface Distribution Of Some Heavy Metals Following Sewage Sludge Injection Into Grassland Soils, Rachel Brown

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The use of suitable sewage sludge in agriculture is currently its cheapest disposal option,, both in terms of monetary cost, resource utilisation and environmental impact Monitoring of die heavy metal content of the soil after sludge application is required by European Council Du-ective 86/278/EEC, and whilst the behaviour of metals from surface-applied sludge is well documented, the behaviour following other methods of application has received litde attention. The most important alternative land application method cturentiy in use is the subsurface injection of sludge. In this project, field- and laboratory-based experiments were set up to describe the postinjection disttibution of Cd, …

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Bracken (Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) Stand Characterisation On The North York Moors: A Study Of The Rhizome And Frond System With Regard To A Large Scale Control Programme, Stephen Mark Holloway Jan 1994

Bracken (Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) Stand Characterisation On The North York Moors: A Study Of The Rhizome And Frond System With Regard To A Large Scale Control Programme, Stephen Mark Holloway

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Large-scale rhizome sampling on the North York Moors together with an assessment of published bracken sampling protocols concluded that small-scale sampling of the rhizome system is inadequate to describe upland bracken stands accurately. It is also concluded that the frond cannot be used as an indicator of the rhizome system before or after treatment to achieve bracken control. An improved sampling strategy is proposed which increases the reliability of data collected and the validity of any conclusions drawn form such data. The structure of bracken rhizome systems, from separate stands on the North York Moors, were found to be distinct …

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Obesity And The Experience Of Eating In Adult, American, Caucasian Women: A Grounded Theory Approach, Sheryl Sue Russell Jan 1994

Obesity And The Experience Of Eating In Adult, American, Caucasian Women: A Grounded Theory Approach, Sheryl Sue Russell

Other Faculty of Health Theses

The search to unravel the complex phenomenon of obesity has been pursued for centuries. Theoretical postulations regarding the etiology of obesity and subsequent management strategies are numerous and complex. Despite decades of clinical application, the rising prevalence of obesity remains essentially unchanged. Clearly it is time to consider a new perspective. In view of the continued failure of programs to effectively achieve successful long-term weight management, a re-evaluation of the phenomenon of eating is warranted. A grounded theory design provided the opportunity to explore this phenomenon in a new light. This study attempts to understand the phenomenon of eating in …

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Young People And Leisure In A Deprived Urban Area, Colin Michael Dawson Jan 1994

Young People And Leisure In A Deprived Urban Area, Colin Michael Dawson

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

This thesis reports on a study of the leisure activities of a group of young people aged eleven to sixteen, growing up in a particularly deprived urban area of Plymouth. The analyses are based on data derived from secondary sources, a questionnaire survey, and semi-structured interviews. The fieldwork was conducted between November 1991, and June 1992. Much sociological research into the transition to adulthood has concentrated on the years from sixteen to twenty-one as the years when the most important life changes occur. Thus, the transition to adulthood is seen as part of a process of social and cultural reproduction, …

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Discourse, Care And Control : An Ethnography Of Residential And Nursing Home Elder Care Work, Geraldine Anne Lee-Treweek Jan 1994

Discourse, Care And Control : An Ethnography Of Residential And Nursing Home Elder Care Work, Geraldine Anne Lee-Treweek

School of Health Professions Theses

This thesis presents the notion that paid elder care work is often more involved with ordering individuals, than caring for them. It discusses this issue via ethnographic data about care assistant and nursing auxiliary work, which was collected in two elder care homes: Hazelford Lodge residential home and Bracken Court nursing home. The thesis uses care, control, and knowledge as the main themes for the discussion of work in both homes. The first chapter sites the thesis within the context of the academic literature on the discourses of the body, the nature of care work and residential care. It focuses …

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Neural Models Of Subcortical Auditory Processing, Susan Lynda Mccabe Jan 1994

Neural Models Of Subcortical Auditory Processing, Susan Lynda Mccabe

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

An important feature of the auditory system is its ability to distinguish many simultaneous sound sources. The primary goal of this work was to understand how a robust, preattentive analysis of the auditory scene is accomplished by the subcortical auditory system. Reasonably accurate modelling of the morphology and organisation of the relevant auditory nuclei, was seen as being of great importance. The formulation of plausible models and their subsequent simulation was found to be invaluable in elucidating biological processes and in highlighting areas of uncertainty. In the thesis, a review of important aspects of mammalian auditory processing is presented and …

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Physiological Factors Regulating Appetite In The Lesser Spotted Dogfish Shark, Scyliorhinus Canicula (L.), David William Sims Jan 1994

Physiological Factors Regulating Appetite In The Lesser Spotted Dogfish Shark, Scyliorhinus Canicula (L.), David William Sims

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Some aspects of digestive and systemic function were investigated in relation to their role in the peripheral regulation of appetite in juvenile and adult, S. canicula. This study represents the first evaluation of the physiological factors that contribute to the control of shark appetite. Daily food intake trials on both juvenile and adult dogfish showed repeatable, self-regulated feeding rhythms indicating the existence of an endogenous component to food intake control. After dogfish consumed satiation meals of 7% wet body weight (wbw) the appetite return increased at constant rates as deprivation time increased. The relative rate of food processing was 50% …

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Red-Sea Water Lens Formation In Arabian Sea, Gi Shapiro, Sl Meschanov, Ab Polonsky Jan 1994

Red-Sea Water Lens Formation In Arabian Sea, Gi Shapiro, Sl Meschanov, Ab Polonsky

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Serum-Free Medium For Long-Term Growth, Freezing, Cloning And Fusion Of Myelomas And Hybridomas, J-L Li, Y-J Li, S Chao, M-H Ouyang, Y-B Peng Feb 1993

Serum-Free Medium For Long-Term Growth, Freezing, Cloning And Fusion Of Myelomas And Hybridomas, J-L Li, Y-J Li, S Chao, M-H Ouyang, Y-B Peng

School of Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Respiratory Development Of Two Teleost Fish, Oncorhynchus Mykiss And Scophthalmus Maximus During Their Early Life History, Mark Christopher Burdass Jan 1993

Respiratory Development Of Two Teleost Fish, Oncorhynchus Mykiss And Scophthalmus Maximus During Their Early Life History, Mark Christopher Burdass

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

The respiratory development of two species of teleost, Oncorhynchus mykiss and Scophthalmus maximus was investigated to identify any possible periods of reduced respiratory fitness during early development. The two species were selected because of their different development strategies to allow any common factors in respiratory development to be identified. The study included determination of the respiratory oxygen demand and the critical oxygen tension (Pc) through early development for both species. Respiratory oxygen demand was measured as a routine rate (rVO2) with individual and weight specific values being determined. The main respiratory surface areas for both species were measured, this included …

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Variation In Pod Wettability And Permeability And Its Implications For Improving Spoilage Characteristics In The Dried Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Crop, Simon Nicholas Miles Jan 1993

Variation In Pod Wettability And Permeability And Its Implications For Improving Spoilage Characteristics In The Dried Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Crop, Simon Nicholas Miles

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

This investigation was designed to determine some of the causes of spoilage in the pea crop. It was found that physiological and morphological characteristics of the pods were related to degrees of spoilage experienced by a range of varieties. This included the amount and configuration of epicuticular waxes affecting pod surface wettabilities which, together with total pod wall and parchment layer thicknesses, all contributed to high rates of water uptake and water contents in pod tissues. Water content was determined to be closely correlated to the degree of pod spoilage observed in the field. Pod phenotypes which were badly affected …

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Molecular Cloning And Characterization Of Potential Vaccine Antigens From Renibacterium Salmoninarum, Thomas Hilton Grayson Jan 1993

Molecular Cloning And Characterization Of Potential Vaccine Antigens From Renibacterium Salmoninarum, Thomas Hilton Grayson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

A number of R.salmoninarum gene libraries were constructed in E.coli host-vector systems and screened for the production of molecules which may provide material for the immunisation of salmonid fish. One immunopositiye clone was isolated from a EcoRI gene bank constructed in the plasmid vector pUC18 and another clone, which possessed membrane-active properties, was isolated from a HindIII gene bank constructed in the plasmid vector pBR328. The immuno positive clone was found to contain the major portion of gene msa encoding the major secretory antigen of R. salmoninarum, known as P57. The membrane-active clone possessed a broad activity against erythrocytes …

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The Use Of Gene Cloning Techniques In The Study Of The Fish Pathogen Renibacterium Salmoninarum, Andy Evenden Jan 1993

The Use Of Gene Cloning Techniques In The Study Of The Fish Pathogen Renibacterium Salmoninarum, Andy Evenden

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

A programme of research was undertaken to assess the feasibility of the application of gene cloning techniques to Renibacteriun salmoninarum, an important, but as yet poorly characterized pathogen of salmonid fish. Difficulties encountered during in vitro culture, have restricted our knowledge of the bacterium, especially with respect to ita mechanisms and molecules of pathogenicity. A collection of R.salmoninarum isolates was made, and an initial study conducted to determine target molecules for cloning. All strains tested were found to have uniform protein profiles when analysed with SOS-PAGE, and uniform antigenic profiles when subject to immunoblotting experiments utilizing rabbit antisera raised against …

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Expressed Emotion In Parents Of Behaviourally Disturbed Learning Disabled Children, Catherine Ellen Sturt Jan 1993

Expressed Emotion In Parents Of Behaviourally Disturbed Learning Disabled Children, Catherine Ellen Sturt

School of Psychology Theses

Expressed emotion (EE) represents a measure of the emotional quality of the relationship between a key caregiver and relative, where the latter is experiencing a psychiatric or medical condition, and with implications for the course of this condition. To the author's knowledge, despite the salience of behavioural disturbance for families with learning disabled children, no published study has specifically investigated the relationship between parental EE and child behavioural disturbance. The current study focused on a comparison of high and low EE households with regards to child behavioural disturbance, parental stress and coping, and service and respite care usage. Forty parents …

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Environmental Fate And Effects Of Chromium(Iii) And (Iv) Investigated Using Electroanalytical Chemistry., Michael Henry Irvin Comber Jan 1993

Environmental Fate And Effects Of Chromium(Iii) And (Iv) Investigated Using Electroanalytical Chemistry., Michael Henry Irvin Comber

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

A system which enabled the simple exchange of reagents , during the electrochemical determination of chromium(III) or (VI) was developed. This media exchange system was used to investigate the effect of pH on the complexation and pre-concentration of chromium separately from the production of the electrochemical signal. While the complexation and preconcentration of chromium in fresh or sea water was slightly enhanced at pH 5, compared with pH 6.2, the electrochemical signal was markedly increased, being up to 10 times higher at the lower pH. The addition of a column containing basic alumina, into the media exchange system, led to …

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An Evaluation Of Electronic Fetal Monitoring With Clinical Validation Of St Waveform Analysis During Labour, Jennifer Ann Westgate Jan 1993

An Evaluation Of Electronic Fetal Monitoring With Clinical Validation Of St Waveform Analysis During Labour, Jennifer Ann Westgate

School of Nursing and Midwifery Theses

Dissatisfaction with the electronic recording of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions (the cardiotocogram or CTG) has resulted in a search for new techniques of monitoring the fetus during labour. It is important that each method has a sound physiological and pathophysiological basis, that a model for the interpretation of changes is elucidated and that each method is thoroughly evaluated before introduction into clinical practice. Analysis of the ST waveform of the fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) is the most advanced of the new techniques under investigation. Experimental studies have shown that elevation of the ST waveform occurs with a switch to …

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Psychological Adjustment To Cancer: The Relevance Of Social Support And Family Structure, Martin Ernest Lunn Jan 1993

Psychological Adjustment To Cancer: The Relevance Of Social Support And Family Structure, Martin Ernest Lunn

School of Psychology Theses

This study was designed to investigate psychological adjustment to breast cancer in relation to social support, and family cohesion and adaptability. A sample of forty one women, admitted to hospital with breast cancer for surgery, were given an assessment package six to eight weeks after hospital discharge. The package consisted of the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (MAC), the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales(FACES) and the Michigan Social Support Scale for breast cancer patients. An identical package was posted to the patients after six months. Three models were tested corresponding to different levels of consistency with a causal interpretation …

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The Role Of Ice Nucleation Active Bacteria In Frost Damage To Early Sown Solanum Tuberosum Var. Jersey Royal, Philip Le Grice Jan 1993

The Role Of Ice Nucleation Active Bacteria In Frost Damage To Early Sown Solanum Tuberosum Var. Jersey Royal, Philip Le Grice

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

The present study indicated that S. tuberosum var. Jersey Royal could supercool to temperatures as low as -6ºC during in-vitro frost tests, whereas in the field freezing occurred at immediate sub-zero temperatures (between 0 and -1ºC). The microbial flora upon the early. sown S. tuberosum var. Jersey Royal did not contain INA bacterial species active at warm sub-zero temperatures. Plants inoculated with a strain of Ps. syringae (84:27) containing type 1 active nuclei readily froze at -2 to -3ºC. Applications of leaf surface water applied to plants during in-vitro frost tests resulted in nucleation temperatures comparable to those measured in …

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The Burrowing Mud Shrimp Callianassa Subterranea (Decapoda) And Bioturbation In The North Sea, Ashley Alun Rowden Jan 1993

The Burrowing Mud Shrimp Callianassa Subterranea (Decapoda) And Bioturbation In The North Sea, Ashley Alun Rowden

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

A muddy-sand site in the North Sea was studied to identify the role of the benthic macrofauna in the resuspension of sediment. The macrobenthic community contained species capable of significant bioturbation. In particular, the presence and the temporal occurrence of the brittle star Amphiura filiformis was correlated with seasonal geotechnical and geophysical properties of the seabed. In addition, the extensive burrowing habit of the mud shrimp, Callianassa subterranea (Montagu), make this species potentially the most important contributor to the degree of bioturbation experienced at the site. Mud shrimps were an abundant and stable member of the study site's macrobenthic community …

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Metallic Pollution In Estuaries, With Special Reference To The Effects Of Tributyltin (Tbt) And Copper On The Early Life Stages Of Scrobicularia Plana (Mollusca: Bivalvia), Jose Miguel Ruiz Jan 1993

Metallic Pollution In Estuaries, With Special Reference To The Effects Of Tributyltin (Tbt) And Copper On The Early Life Stages Of Scrobicularia Plana (Mollusca: Bivalvia), Jose Miguel Ruiz

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

During the 1980s a decline in populations of the bivalve Scrobicularia plana was noted in several U.K. estuaries: tributyltin (TBT) was suspected of being the cause although its toxicity to adults could not be demonstrated except at elevated concentrations; disappearance of clam populations has been also observed in other European countries. Laboratory tests have revealed that: i) D-larvae hatching from embryos after 48 hours in TBT concentrations of 188 ngSn/l amounted to < 50% of control values, and doses of 364 ngSn/l or 20 µgCu/l prevented normal development in = 90% of embryos. ii) planktonic veliger larvae exposed for 10 days to nominal TBT doses ≥ 50 ngSn/l grew at rates which, at maximum, were one third of that exhibited by controls. iii) settling pediveligers subjected for 30 days to levels of TBT ≥70 ngSn/l suffered significant mortalities, and postlarvae kept at 23 ngSn/l displayed some shell growth which was both substantially reduced and grossly abnormal. iv) exposure for 30 days to 2! 300 ngSn/l or ≥20 µgCu/l impaired the burying activity in sand of small spat, and juveniles reared in TBT solutions at ≥ 28 ngSn/l grew significantly less than those in the control treatment. v) while small spat held in heavy metal polluted sediment suffered massive mortalities in 12 days, juveniles exposed for 36 days to butyltin contaminated sediment (0.4 µgSn/g) did not display any limited survival, but both their growth and burying activity were significantly reduced relative to those of juveniles kept in control sediments. It is concluded that in U.K. coastal areas where TBT in water during the summer-autumn months ranged from = 20 ngSn/l to = 200 ngSn/1 (i.e. = 50-500 ngTBT/l) and Scrobicularia plana populations disappeared or declined markedly, a cause-effect relationship is most likely to exist between the former and the latter through the deleterious effects of the chemical on the early life stages of the clam; in addition, the continued presence of sediment-bound TBT may render mudflats unsuitable for the development of larval and juvenile bivalves.

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Inter-Relationships Of Myxosporeans, Including Pkx With Certain Freshwater Fish, Stephen Wolfgang Feist Jan 1993

Inter-Relationships Of Myxosporeans, Including Pkx With Certain Freshwater Fish, Stephen Wolfgang Feist

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

The prevalence and impact of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) and myxosporidiosis has been investigated in wild fish stocks in the UK, over 1,500 fish representing 17 species being examined. PKD was recorded in brown trout, grayling and pike, the causative agent, the PKX cell, being identified with the aid of light and electron microscopy. A further 27 myxosporean species were also noted, with Myxobolus cotti (syn. M. jiroveci), in the brain of bullheads Cottus gobio being recorded for the first time. Studies on the structure and development of Myxidium lieberkuehni in pike revealed several previously undescribed features. Comparative morphological studies …

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Learning Disability Staff And Aggression From Clients, Mary Ivens Jan 1993

Learning Disability Staff And Aggression From Clients, Mary Ivens

School of Psychology Theses

This study was designed to investigate whether provision of information, in the form of a leaflet, about issues surrounding aggression and violence at work would lower anxiety about aggression and increase confidence in dealing with aggression, in care staff working in learning disability. A brief evaluation of the leaflet was carried out, and measures taken to establish whether information was assimilated from the leaflet. Also investigated were other feelings that care staff had about aggression at work. An information leaflet entitled "Preventing and coping with an aggressive incident involving a client in your care", and a questionnaire entitled "Aggressive incidents …

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Horizons: A Vocational Approach To The National Curriculum, Ka Howgill, A Harris Dec 1992

Horizons: A Vocational Approach To The National Curriculum, Ka Howgill, A Harris

Plymouth Institute of Education

No abstract provided.

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The Turkey-Wing Mussel, Arca Zebra : Aspects Of Its Ecology, Reproduction And Physiology In Bermudan Waters, Samia Christiane Sarkis Jan 1992

The Turkey-Wing Mussel, Arca Zebra : Aspects Of Its Ecology, Reproduction And Physiology In Bermudan Waters, Samia Christiane Sarkis

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Growth and reproductive potential of the turkey-wing mussel in Bermuda was assessed following field studies, the determination of nutrient storage sites and nutrient use during periods of reproduction, and seasonal fluctuations in the scope for growth index. Larval and post-larval development were also described and were typical of the family Arcidae. Furthermore, post-larval production, by controlled laboratory rearing, was suggested as a useful tool for enhancement of stocks for this species. Both preliminary field and laboratory studies indicated slow shell growth of the species throughout its life cycle. Temperature minima recorded during the winter months were suggested to have a …

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Characterisation Of Unresolved Complex Mixtures Of Hydrocarbons By Degradative Methods, Andrew Thomas Revill Jan 1992

Characterisation Of Unresolved Complex Mixtures Of Hydrocarbons By Degradative Methods, Andrew Thomas Revill

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Unresolved Complex Mixtures (UCMs) of hydrocarbons are found in crude and refined oils and in water, sediments and biota polluted with oils. The concentrations of UCMs in oils are significant (e. g. >65% of the aliphatic hydrocarbons in fresh Kuwait crude) and it is perhaps surprising that virtually nothing is known about UCM composition. The present study sought to redress this paucity of information in three main ways: First, following two recent studies of aliphatic UCMs, an investigation of the composition of the "aromatic" UCM of Venezuelan Tia Juana Pesado crude oil was made by spectroscopic (IR, NMR, MS) and …

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Origins And Short-Term Sedimentary Fate Of Globally Distributed Biological Marker Hydrocarbons, Simon John Hird Jan 1992

Origins And Short-Term Sedimentary Fate Of Globally Distributed Biological Marker Hydrocarbons, Simon John Hird

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Nearly thirty C20, C25, and C30 highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) hydrocarbons have been detected, sometimes in high concentrations, in recent freshwater, estuarine, coastal and hypersaline sediments, and water column particulate matter from numerous locations worldwide. The parent structures have been proved but only a few of the double bond positions have been established. The assignment of C21, C22 and C26 homologues and other C20 and C25 isomers, remains tentative. A wide body of evidence suggests that the compounds are biogenic in origin, with algae and possibly bacteria the most likely source organisms. A few of the compounds have been identified …

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Nitrate Selective Electrodes Containing Immobilised Ion Exchangers, Nicholas Charles Frampton Jan 1992

Nitrate Selective Electrodes Containing Immobilised Ion Exchangers, Nicholas Charles Frampton

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

A range of ion selectivee lectrodes( ISEs) for the determinationo f nitrate has been producedu sing polymeric membranesc ontainingi mmobilisedq uaternarya mmonium saltsa s the ion exchanger.T he useo f the conventionasl olventc astingt echniqueg ave rise to a relatively low cross-link density, two sided response and poor thickness control. The developmenot f a hot pressingt echniquer esolveda ll thesep roblemsa nd would readily suit large scale manufacturing. In this work poly (acrylonitrilebutadiene)( NBr) was selecteda s the membranem atrix and was robust, gavee nhanced selectivityc oefficientsa nd extendedm embraneli fetime. The beste lectrodef abricated contained6 -5% m /m triallyloctylammoniumb …

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