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First World Problems, Developing World Impacts: An Assessment Of The Adequacy Of The Law On Shipbreaking, Shannen Trout
First World Problems, Developing World Impacts: An Assessment Of The Adequacy Of The Law On Shipbreaking, Shannen Trout
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
Shipbreaking, or recycling, is a potentially destructive practice reflecting many dimensions to the modern sustainable development debate. It engages a suite of legal issues and has prompted discussion between professionals concerned with the environment, the economy and workplace ethics. This article seeks, first, to identify the breadth of issues that arise within the shipbreaking industry; and then proceeds to discuss the legal frameworks that regulate the trade, their effectiveness or otherwise; and concludes that the overall efforts to impose legislative or other regulatory systems, internationally and domestically, are far from what is needed in order to reform shipbreaking into a …
The Role Of Cellular Prion Protein In The Development Of Schwannomas And Other Merlin-Deficient Tumours, Lucy Provenzano
The Role Of Cellular Prion Protein In The Development Of Schwannomas And Other Merlin-Deficient Tumours, Lucy Provenzano
Peninsula Medical School Theses
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is an inherited, multiple tumour disease caused by loss of the tumour suppressor protein, Merlin. There are several tumours associated with NF2 including; ependymomas, meningiomas and schwannomas. Merlin loss can also occur sporadically in all of these tumours and is associated with upregulation of various growth factor receptors and their relevant signalling pathways. At present the only treatment options for NF2 are surgery or radiosurgery, both of which incur serious morbidity and are unable to prevent recurrence of tumours. Either new drug treatments, or re-profiling of other drugs already commercially available, are urgently needed to improve …
Antibacterial Nanoparticle - Decorated Carbon Nanotube - Reinforced Calcium Phosphate Composites As Bone Implants, Kiruthika Natesan
Antibacterial Nanoparticle - Decorated Carbon Nanotube - Reinforced Calcium Phosphate Composites As Bone Implants, Kiruthika Natesan
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a biologically active ceramic used in surgery to replace bone. While HA promotes bone growth, it suffers from weak mechanical properties and does not possess any antibacterial property. Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), as one of the strongest and stiffest materials, have the potential to strengthen and toughen HA, thus expanding the range of clinical uses for the material. Furthermore, Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) can be decorated to sidewalls of the MWCNTs which could be released over a period of time to prevent infection following surgery. This work sought to develop and characterise Ag NPs- MWCNTs – …
Regulation Of Macrophage Subsets In Homeostatic And Inflammatory Mucosal Environments, Khalid Alshaghdali
Regulation Of Macrophage Subsets In Homeostatic And Inflammatory Mucosal Environments, Khalid Alshaghdali
Other Faculty of Health Theses
The interaction between epithelial cells and macrophages is integral to mucosal immune fate: determining the decision between tolerance and immune activation/inflammation. Endotoxin tolerisation (ET) is a circumstance where cells go through a hypo-responsive state, unable to respond to further endotoxin-LPS challenge. Mucosal macrophages (MΦs) have a dual functionality that determines tolerance to commensal organisms or immune response to entropathogens such as E. coli. In the case of mucosal inflammatory pathologies, such as Crohn’s disease, this state of tolerance is broken, resulting in destruction of gut mucosal tissue where the macrophage phenotype has been altered from a regulatory M2-like subset phenotype …
Facilitating Midwifery Involvement In Managing Gestational Weight Gain In Pregnant Women Living With Obesity, Emma Hazeldine
Facilitating Midwifery Involvement In Managing Gestational Weight Gain In Pregnant Women Living With Obesity, Emma Hazeldine
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Overview: Pregnant women living with obesity are at increased risk of pregnancy complications, with risks rising as Body Mass Index (BMI) increases. Midwives are willing to support women with managing their gestational weight gain but lack confidence and access to supporting resources. In the UK there are no interventions that aim to change the intention and behaviour of midwives, to support women with managing their gestational weight gain. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) (Ajzen, 1985) was utilised to frame the design of a behaviour change intervention for midwives. This three-phase study conducted a qualitative needs assessment, intervention design, and …
Ocular Biomechanics Of The Anterior Segment, Daniela Oehring
Ocular Biomechanics Of The Anterior Segment, Daniela Oehring
Other Faculty of Health Theses
The thesis investigates methods of examining corneal biomechanics using non-contact tonometry and introduces novel techniques to investigate corneal material properties in vivo. A comprehensive systems analysis of the CorvisST (CST) and Ocular Response Analyser (ORA) was performed. Pressure sensors were used to characterisation the airflow produced by the CST and the ORA. Distinct differences were observed between the central airflow pressures between the two devices: the CST pressure was higher and of shorter duration. Scheimpflug high-speed imaging via the CST allowed components of the corneal deformation to be investigated and the development of a 3D deformation matrix (time, depth and …
An Investigation Into The Validation Of Pedometers To Detect Foreleg Steps In Horses (Equus Caballus) At Walk And Trot, Elizabeth Jane Francis
An Investigation Into The Validation Of Pedometers To Detect Foreleg Steps In Horses (Equus Caballus) At Walk And Trot, Elizabeth Jane Francis
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
Background: Current research, surrounding motor laterality at a population level in horses, indicates that in order to stand with the left forelimb in advance of the other, it is achieved by taking a greater amount of steps with the left foreleg than the right foreleg (McGreevy & Thomson 2006; McGreevy et al. 2007); suggesting that pedometers could effectively estimate asymmetry of forelimb locomotion in grazing horses. This novel method of detecting forelimb preference also reduces the likelihood of operator influence and provides an inexpensive objective measure of vertical movement which has the advantage of scoring large sample sizes, avoids single-day …
The Role Of Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase-2 (Lpcat-2) In Inflammatory Responses, Hanaa Alrammah
The Role Of Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase-2 (Lpcat-2) In Inflammatory Responses, Hanaa Alrammah
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
Sepsis is the overwhelming inflammatory response to infection, especially bacterial infection and associated bacterial products. It has major healthcare impacts, affecting an estimated 19-30 million persons/year worldwide with a mortality of 30-70%. Despite intense research, no specific therapy has been established for sepsis and in addition to the high mortality, the associated economic costs are very high. For example, recent data shows that the annual cost of patients with sepsis is more than $20 billion in the USA, and £2.5 billion in the UK. Therefore, novel targets and new therapies for sepsis are required which will have an important impact …
Global Change Effects On Seagrass Ecosystem, Amrit Kumar Mishra
Global Change Effects On Seagrass Ecosystem, Amrit Kumar Mishra
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
Rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the atmosphere will increase the average pCO2 level in the world oceans, which will have a knock-on effect on the marine ecosystem. Coastal seagrass communities one of the most productive marine ecosystems are predicted to benefit from the increase in CO2 levels, but long-term effects of elevated CO2 on seagrass communities are less understood. Population reconstruction techniques was used to investigate the population dynamics of Cymodocea nodosa meadows, exposed to long term elevated CO2 at volcanic seeps off Greece and Italy. Effect of elevated CO2 was noticed on the growth, morphometry, density, biomass and …
What’S In A Frame? Cosmopolitan Morality, The Media And Interventionism, Nicola Katy Langdon
What’S In A Frame? Cosmopolitan Morality, The Media And Interventionism, Nicola Katy Langdon
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
This thesis examines the media-foreign policy nexus through a specific focus on the moral framing of conflict and interventionism within British media and policy discourses. While morality has been identified as a frequently used frame through which we may understand issues, there has been little extant discussion of the nature of morality embedded within media texts, or how it may shape understanding and policy-making. This research contributes to this void through forwarding cosmopolitan morality framing as a new theoretical framework. Consideration is given to how appeals to a cosmopolitan moral consciousness can resonate and build support for or legitimise particular …
Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Health And Well-Being: Definitions, Identity And Experience, Sarah Molland
Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Health And Well-Being: Definitions, Identity And Experience, Sarah Molland
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
In this thesis, I explore the meanings and experience of health and well-being in the lives of individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Taking an auto/biographical approach and utilising in-depth qualitative online interviews, I draw on the experience and narratives of seventeen individuals with IBD, including myself. The three main themes addressed are ‘Living with IBD’, ‘Becoming a Patient’, and ‘Coping and Control’. I explore how IBD influences individuals’ experience of personal relationships, and their medical encounters and treatments. I reflect on how and why these factors arise and the effect they may have upon the disease and its management …
Listening Patterns. From Music To Perception And Cognition, Massimiliano Viel
Listening Patterns. From Music To Perception And Cognition, Massimiliano Viel
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
The research aims to propose a narrative of the experience of listening and to provide some first examples of its possible application. This is done in three parts. Part One, “Words”, aims to methodologically frame the narrative by discussing the limits and requirements of a theory of listening. After discussing the difficulties of building an objective characterization of the listening experience, the research proposes that any theorization on listening can only express a point of view that is implied by descriptions of listening both in linguistic terms and in the data they involve. The analysis of theories about listening is …
Turbo Film As Artistic Apparatus And As Manifesto For The Uncertain Future Of Moving Images, Paololuca Barbieri Marchi
Turbo Film As Artistic Apparatus And As Manifesto For The Uncertain Future Of Moving Images, Paololuca Barbieri Marchi
School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses
The following research is a practice-based Ph.D. in filmmaking that proposes to define an unclassified film genre and its specific artistic practice. This practice, at the intersection of experimental films, art-cinema and Youtube user- generated videos, I refer to as “Turbo Films.” Beginning with a critical perspective on video art and experimental film history, as it relates to today’s public approach towards the production of moving images, the concept of “Turbo Films” is proposed as an opportunity to understand new trajectories in the production of image-culture, and as holistic modus operandi for the current cross-media environment. Turbo Films have been …
A Framework For The Consideration Of Narrative In Creative Arts Practice, Paul Green
A Framework For The Consideration Of Narrative In Creative Arts Practice, Paul Green
School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses
This research project is aimed at creative practitioners in art and design who choose to engage in postgraduate research and who recognise narrative to be an important aspect of their work. While the goal of narratology has been explicitly declared as an interest in understanding narrative in all its forms, this project responded to a perceived absence of art and design centred perspectives in the general literature on narrative. A general attitude has developed throughout the course of the twentieth century resulting in a view that narrative has become a dead issue for contemporary practitioners. Findings from the investigations conducted …
Developing A Holistic Oil Port Sustainability Framework: A Case Of China, Xuemuge Wang
Developing A Holistic Oil Port Sustainability Framework: A Case Of China, Xuemuge Wang
Plymouth Business School Theses
The global trading environment is changing dramatically, especially in the recent years. Driven by the increasing frequency and scale of trading, as well as the desire to meet the handling demand and to sustain development, the competition between port’s productivity and the pursuits of regional and international influences is becoming significantly severe. This fact has brought, and is still bring consequences to the balance between different sections at port. For instance, the conflicts between environmental and social section issues, which are led by the increasing pressure from multiple perspectives (e.g. environmental pollution, lack of maintenance, interest parties’ disputes). Under these …
Analysis Of Embodied And Situated Systems From An Antireductionist Perspective, Federico Da Rold
Analysis Of Embodied And Situated Systems From An Antireductionist Perspective, Federico Da Rold
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
The analysis of embodied and situated agents form a dynamical system perspective is often limited to a geometrical and qualitative description. However, a quantitative analysis is necessary to achieve a deep understanding of cognitive facts. The field of embodied cognition is multifaceted, and the first part of this thesis is devoted to exploring the diverse meanings proposed in the existing literature. This is a preliminary fundamental step as the creation of synthetic models requires well-founded theoretical and foundational boundaries for operationalising the concept of embodied and situated cognition in a concrete neuro-robotic model. By accepting the dynamical system view the …
Economic Resilience In Great Britain: An Examination Of The Determinants Of The 2008 Crisis Impact On Gb's Local Authority Districts, Anastasios Kitsos
Economic Resilience In Great Britain: An Examination Of The Determinants Of The 2008 Crisis Impact On Gb's Local Authority Districts, Anastasios Kitsos
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
In 2008, a severe economic crisis hit economies around the world. Its effects included a significant loss of GDP and employment which led to several social ills associated with recessions. However, the crisis did not impact all places with the same severity. This thesis investigates the crisis impact across GB Local Authority Districts during 2008-2014 within a framework that utilises the concept of economic resilience. However, this concept does not have a universally accepted definition or methodology of investigation. Hence, the study adopts an operational definition, comparing the conditions in local labour markets before and after the start of the …
The Development And Application Of Computational Multi-Agent Models For Investigating The Cultural Transmission And Cultural Evolution Of Humpback Whale Song, Michael Mcloughlin
The Development And Application Of Computational Multi-Agent Models For Investigating The Cultural Transmission And Cultural Evolution Of Humpback Whale Song, Michael Mcloughlin
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
Three different multi-agent models are presented in this thesis, each with a different goal. The first model investigates the possible role migratory routes may have on song evolution and revolution. The second model investigates what social networks could theoretically facilitate song sharing in a population of whales. The third model implements a formal grammar algorithm in order to investigate how the hierarchal structure of the song may affect song evolution. Finally, the thesis attempts to reconnect the models with their origins and discusses how these models could potentially be adapted for composing music. Through the development of these different models, …
An Adaptive Grid To Improve The Efficiency And Accuracy Of Modelling Underwater Noise From Shipping, Leah E. Trigg, Feng Chen, Georgy I. Shapiro, Simon N. Ingram, Clare B. Embling
An Adaptive Grid To Improve The Efficiency And Accuracy Of Modelling Underwater Noise From Shipping, Leah E. Trigg, Feng Chen, Georgy I. Shapiro, Simon N. Ingram, Clare B. Embling
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Ethical, Cultural, Social And Individual Considerations Prior To Transition To Limitation Or Withdrawal Of Life-Sustaining Therapies, Re Kirsch, Cr Balit, Fa Carnevale, Jm Latour, V Larcher
Ethical, Cultural, Social And Individual Considerations Prior To Transition To Limitation Or Withdrawal Of Life-Sustaining Therapies, Re Kirsch, Cr Balit, Fa Carnevale, Jm Latour, V Larcher
School of Nursing and Midwifery
No abstract provided.
The Biological Effects Of Engineered Nanomaterials On Soil Organisms: Surface Coating And Age Matter, Kristi Tatsi
The Biological Effects Of Engineered Nanomaterials On Soil Organisms: Surface Coating And Age Matter, Kristi Tatsi
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been increasingly used in various applications. Often, the ENMs are functionalised with a surface coating to enhance their properties. Decades of research has provided information on mostly pristine and unmodified ENMs, while ecotoxicity of coated ENMs and how their hazard changes with age in soils is still uncertain. The thesis aimed to determine the toxic effects and bioaccumulation potential of CuO ENMs and CdTe quantum dots (QDs) with different chemical coatings (carboxylate, COOH; polyethylene glycol, PEG; ammonium, NH4+) on the earthworm (Eisenia fetida), and compare the effects to their metal salt (CuSO4) or micron-sized counterpart. Then, …
Exploring The Teaching-Research Nexus In College Based And University Higher Education, Cathy Ann Schofield
Exploring The Teaching-Research Nexus In College Based And University Higher Education, Cathy Ann Schofield
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
In traditional university higher education the normal expectation is that academic staff will undertake teaching and research. There is an implicit assumption that active researchers provide a high quality learning experience, with research-informed teaching at its core. The research presented in this thesis explores aspects of the teaching-research nexus in university and college-based higher education. As there is not traditionally a research culture within college-based higher education it may be assumed that the learning experience may be of a lesser quality. This research considered four aspects of provision. It considered institutional and lecturer views on the nexus before examining what …
In Vivo, In Vitro Micropropagation And Chemical Characterisation Of Medicinal Compounds In Chamomile And Yarrow Species (Asteraceae), Banaz Mahmood
In Vivo, In Vitro Micropropagation And Chemical Characterisation Of Medicinal Compounds In Chamomile And Yarrow Species (Asteraceae), Banaz Mahmood
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
The Asteraceae family is frequently used to describe several medicinal plants which contain various phytochemical compounds including phenols, flavonoids and terpenoids. Among the Asteraceae family German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) and yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) plants are extant species used in contemporary medicine. These phytochemical compounds have been traditionally used since ancient times in health care systems worldwide as a source of medicines. The use of micropropagation is essential to improve and increase these active compounds via plant tissue culture within a short period of time using the application of key plant growth regulators (PGRs). Furthermore, quantitative and qualitative analysis …
Inter-Regional Coherence: Can Northeast Atlantic Pelagic Habitat Indicators Be Applied To The Arctic?, Beth L. Siddons, Gillian Glegg, Abigail Mcquatters-Gollop
Inter-Regional Coherence: Can Northeast Atlantic Pelagic Habitat Indicators Be Applied To The Arctic?, Beth L. Siddons, Gillian Glegg, Abigail Mcquatters-Gollop
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Soil Sterilisation Methods For Use In Oecd 106: How Effective Are They?, Katherine Lees, Mark Fitzsimons, Jason Snape, Alan Tappin, Sean Comber
Soil Sterilisation Methods For Use In Oecd 106: How Effective Are They?, Katherine Lees, Mark Fitzsimons, Jason Snape, Alan Tappin, Sean Comber
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
A Test Of The Adaptive Network Explanation Of Functional Disorders Using A Machine Learning Analysis Of Symptoms., Christos Melidis, Susan L. Denham, Michael E. Hyland
A Test Of The Adaptive Network Explanation Of Functional Disorders Using A Machine Learning Analysis Of Symptoms., Christos Melidis, Susan L. Denham, Michael E. Hyland
School of Psychology
The classification and etiology of functional disorders is controversial. Evidence supports both psychological and biological (disease) models that show, respectively, that functional disorders should be classified as one (bodily distress syndrome) and many (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)). Two network models (symptom network and adaptive network) can explain the specificity and covariation of symptomatology, but only the adaptive network model can explain the covariation of the somatic symptoms of functional disorders. The adaptive network model is based on the premise that a network of biological mechanisms has emergent properties and can exhibit …
Processes Of Distribution Of Pharmaceuticals In Surface Freshwaters: Implications For Risk Assessment, Sean Comber, Simone Bagnis, Jason Snape, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Alan Tappin
Processes Of Distribution Of Pharmaceuticals In Surface Freshwaters: Implications For Risk Assessment, Sean Comber, Simone Bagnis, Jason Snape, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Alan Tappin
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Sterol Identification In Floating Arctic Sea Ice Algal Aggregates And The Antarctic Sea Ice Diatom Berkeleya Adeliensis, Simon T. Belt, Thomas A. Brown, Lukas Smik, Philipp Assmy, C. J. Mundy
Sterol Identification In Floating Arctic Sea Ice Algal Aggregates And The Antarctic Sea Ice Diatom Berkeleya Adeliensis, Simon T. Belt, Thomas A. Brown, Lukas Smik, Philipp Assmy, C. J. Mundy
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
An Integrated Approach To Assess The Impacts Of Zinc Pyrithione At Different Levels Of Biological Organization In Marine Mussels., Lorna J. Dallas, Andrew Turner, Tim P. Bean, Brett P. Lyons, Awadhesh N. Jha
An Integrated Approach To Assess The Impacts Of Zinc Pyrithione At Different Levels Of Biological Organization In Marine Mussels., Lorna J. Dallas, Andrew Turner, Tim P. Bean, Brett P. Lyons, Awadhesh N. Jha
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The mechanisms of sublethal toxicity of the antifouling biocide, zinc pyrithione (ZnPT), have not been well-studied. This investigation demonstrates that 14-d sublethal exposure to ZnPT (0.2 or 2 μM, alongside inorganic Zn and sea water controls) is genotoxic to mussel haemocytes but suggests that this is not caused by oxidative DNA damage as no significant induction of oxidised purines was detected by Fpg-modified comet assay. More ecologically relevant endpoints, including decreased clearance rate (CR), cessation of attachment and decreased tolerance of stress on stress (SoS), also showed significant response to ZnPT exposure. Our integrated approach was underpinned by molecular analyses …
Mobilisation Kinetics Of Hazardous Elements In Marine Plastics Subject To An Avian Physiologically-Based Extraction Test., Andrew Turner
Mobilisation Kinetics Of Hazardous Elements In Marine Plastics Subject To An Avian Physiologically-Based Extraction Test., Andrew Turner
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Samples of plastic collected from two beaches in southwest England (n = 185) have been analysed by XRF spectrometry for elements that are hazardous or restricted in synthetic polymers (namely, As, Ba, Br, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb and Se). Overall, one or more restricted element was detected in 151 samples, with 15 cases exhibiting non-compliance with respect to the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive. Twelve plastics that were RoHS-non-compliant were subsequently processed into microplastic-sized fragments and subjected to an avian physiologically-based extraction test (PBET) that simulates the chemical conditions in the gizzard-proventriculus of the northern fulmar. Kinetic profiles …