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Brachiopod Shell Thickness Links Environment And Evolution, U Balthasar, J Jin, L Hints, M Cusack Oct 2019

Brachiopod Shell Thickness Links Environment And Evolution, U Balthasar, J Jin, L Hints, M Cusack

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

While it is well established that the shapes and sizes of shells are strongly phylogenetically controlled, little is known about the phylogenetic constraints on shell thickness. Yet, shell thickness is likely to be sensitive to environmental fluctuations and has the potential to illuminate environmental perturbations through deep time. Here we systematically quantify the thickness of the anterior brachiopod shell which protects the filtration chamber and is thus considered functionally homologous across higher taxa of brachiopods. Our data comes from 66 genera and ten different orders and shows well-defined upper and lower boundaries of anterior shell thickness. For Ordovician and Silurian …


Thermithiobacillus, R Boden, L Hutt Oct 2019

Thermithiobacillus, R Boden, L Hutt

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Multi-Annual Embayment Sediment Dynamics Involving Headland Bypassing And Sediment Exchange Across The Depth Of Closure, Nieves G. Valiente, Robert Jak Mccarroll, Gerd Masselink, Tim Scott, Mark Wiggins Oct 2019

Multi-Annual Embayment Sediment Dynamics Involving Headland Bypassing And Sediment Exchange Across The Depth Of Closure, Nieves G. Valiente, Robert Jak Mccarroll, Gerd Masselink, Tim Scott, Mark Wiggins

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Elemental Mobilities: Atmospheres, Matter And Cycling Amid The Weather-World, Paul Simpson Oct 2019

Elemental Mobilities: Atmospheres, Matter And Cycling Amid The Weather-World, Paul Simpson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Ship Noise On Marine Mammals—A Review, Christine Erbe, Sarah A. Marley, Renée P. Schoeman, Joshua N. Smith, Leah E. Trigg, Clare Beth Embling Oct 2019

The Effects Of Ship Noise On Marine Mammals—A Review, Christine Erbe, Sarah A. Marley, Renée P. Schoeman, Joshua N. Smith, Leah E. Trigg, Clare Beth Embling

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Development Of A Suitable Detection Method For Silver Nanoparticles In Fish Tissue Using Single Particle Icp-Ms, Nathaniel J. Clark, Robert Clough, David Boyle, Richard D. Handy Oct 2019

Development Of A Suitable Detection Method For Silver Nanoparticles In Fish Tissue Using Single Particle Icp-Ms, Nathaniel J. Clark, Robert Clough, David Boyle, Richard D. Handy

School of Health Professions

A strong alkali extraction technique and suitable single particle ICP-MS method is described for the routine quantifying of particle number concentration, particle size and particle mass concentration for silver nanomaterials in fish tissue.


Use Of Compound Specific Δ13c Stable Isotope Analysis For Intact Triacylglcerides Using High Temperature Gas Chromatography Up To 430°C., P Sutton, M Tuthorn, J Newton Oct 2019

Use Of Compound Specific Δ13c Stable Isotope Analysis For Intact Triacylglcerides Using High Temperature Gas Chromatography Up To 430°C., P Sutton, M Tuthorn, J Newton

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Environmental Controls On Surf Zone Injuries On High-Energy Beaches, Bruno Castelle, Tim Scott, Rob Brander, Jak Mccarroll, Arthur Robinet, Eric Tellier, Korte E De, Bruno Simonnet, Louis Rachid Salmi Oct 2019

Environmental Controls On Surf Zone Injuries On High-Energy Beaches, Bruno Castelle, Tim Scott, Rob Brander, Jak Mccarroll, Arthur Robinet, Eric Tellier, Korte E De, Bruno Simonnet, Louis Rachid Salmi

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Abstract. The two primary causes of surf zone injuries (SZIs) worldwide, including fatal drowning and severe spinal injuries, are rip currents (rips) and shore-break waves. SZIs also result from surfing and bodyboarding activity. In this paper we address the primary environmental controls on SZIs along the high-energy meso–macro-tidal surf beach coast of southwestern France. A total of 2523 SZIs recorded by lifeguards over 186 sample days during the summers of 2007, 2009 and 2015 were combined with measured and/or hindcast weather, wave, tide, and beach morphology data. All SZIs occurred disproportionately on warm sunny days with low wind, likely because …


Elevated Trace Elements In Sediments And Seagrasses At Co2 Seeps, A. K. Mishra, R. Santos, Jm Hall-Spencer Oct 2019

Elevated Trace Elements In Sediments And Seagrasses At Co2 Seeps, A. K. Mishra, R. Santos, Jm Hall-Spencer

More Faculty of Science and Engineering Research

No abstract provided.


Health-Related Quality-Of-Life Assessment In Dementia: Evidence Of Cross-Cultural Validity In Latin America., K-C Chua, Jr Böhnke, M Prince, S Banerjee Oct 2019

Health-Related Quality-Of-Life Assessment In Dementia: Evidence Of Cross-Cultural Validity In Latin America., K-C Chua, Jr Böhnke, M Prince, S Banerjee

School of Psychology

All health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) measures for dementia have been developed in high-income countries and none were validated for cross-cultural use. Yet, the global majority of people living with dementia reside in low- and middle-income countries. We therefore investigated the measurement invariance of a set of self- and informant-report HRQL measures developed in the United Kingdom when used in Latin America. Self-reported HRQL was obtained using (DEMQOL) at a memory assessment service in the United Kingdom (n = 868) and a population cohort study in Latin America (n = 417). Informant reports were collected using DEMQOL-Proxy at both sites (n = …


Assessing Behavioural And Social Responses To An Eco-Mooring Trial For Zostera Marina Conservation Management In Torbay, Southwest England, Hannah M. Parry-Wilson, Sian E. Rees, Harrison Leather, Rachel Cole, C. Rugg, Martin J. Attrill Oct 2019

Assessing Behavioural And Social Responses To An Eco-Mooring Trial For Zostera Marina Conservation Management In Torbay, Southwest England, Hannah M. Parry-Wilson, Sian E. Rees, Harrison Leather, Rachel Cole, C. Rugg, Martin J. Attrill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites As Bone Implants: Nanostructure, Mechanical Strength And Biocompatibility, K Lawton, H Le, C Tredwin, Rd Handy Oct 2019

Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites As Bone Implants: Nanostructure, Mechanical Strength And Biocompatibility, K Lawton, H Le, C Tredwin, Rd Handy

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


A Novel Biomarker-Based Proxy For The Spring Phytoplankton Bloom In Arctic And Sub-Arctic Settings – Hbi T25, Simon T. Belt, L. Smik, Denizcan Köseoğlu, Jochen Knies, Katrine Husum Oct 2019

A Novel Biomarker-Based Proxy For The Spring Phytoplankton Bloom In Arctic And Sub-Arctic Settings – Hbi T25, Simon T. Belt, L. Smik, Denizcan Köseoğlu, Jochen Knies, Katrine Husum

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Temporal Evolution Of Ip25 And Other Highly Branched Isoprenoid Lipids In Sea Ice And The Underlying Water Column During An Arctic Melting Season, Rémi Amiraux, Lukas Smik, Denizcan Köseoğlu, Jean François Rontani, Virginie Galindo, Pierre Luc Grondin, Marcel Babin, Simon T. Belt Oct 2019

Temporal Evolution Of Ip25 And Other Highly Branched Isoprenoid Lipids In Sea Ice And The Underlying Water Column During An Arctic Melting Season, Rémi Amiraux, Lukas Smik, Denizcan Köseoğlu, Jean François Rontani, Virginie Galindo, Pierre Luc Grondin, Marcel Babin, Simon T. Belt

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Antibacterial Properties Of Silver Nanoparticles Grown In Situ And Anchored To Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes On Titanium Implant Against Staphylococcus Aureus, Urvashi F. Gunputh, Huirong Le, Kiruthika Lawton, Alexandros Besinis, Christopher Tredwin, Richard D. Handy Sep 2019

Antibacterial Properties Of Silver Nanoparticles Grown In Situ And Anchored To Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes On Titanium Implant Against Staphylococcus Aureus, Urvashi F. Gunputh, Huirong Le, Kiruthika Lawton, Alexandros Besinis, Christopher Tredwin, Richard D. Handy

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.


Further Mismeasures Of Animal Contests: A New Framework For Assessment Strategies, Kenneth James Chapin, Paulo Enrique Cardoso Peixoto, Mark Briffa Sep 2019

Further Mismeasures Of Animal Contests: A New Framework For Assessment Strategies, Kenneth James Chapin, Paulo Enrique Cardoso Peixoto, Mark Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Abstract Competition for resources is a ubiquitous feature of life, and a central topic in behavioral ecology. Organisms use assessment strategies to resolve contests, which can be delineated into two broad categories by the information individuals use to make decisions: mutual assessment (MA) or self-assessment (SA). Most research hitherto has worked to bin a species into one of these categories. In this review, we discuss the limitations of this approach and provide solutions. We posit that assessment strategies do not need to be fixed within a species, individuals, or interactions, and that many organisms should adjust their assessment strategy as …


The Point Of The Triangle And Utility Of Repeated Measures: A Response To Comments On Chapin Et Al, Kenneth James Chapin, Paulo Enrique Cardoso Peixoto, Mark Briffa Sep 2019

The Point Of The Triangle And Utility Of Repeated Measures: A Response To Comments On Chapin Et Al, Kenneth James Chapin, Paulo Enrique Cardoso Peixoto, Mark Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Influence Of Dietary Supplementation Of Probiotic Pediococcus Acidilactici Ma18/5m During The Transition From Freshwater To Seawater On Intestinal Health And Microbiota Of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar L.), Alexander Jaramillo-Torres, Mark D. Rawling, Ana Rodiles, Heidi E. Mikalsen, Lill Heidi Johansen, John Tinsley, Torunn Forberg, Elisabeth Aasum, Mathieu Castex, Daniel Lee Merrifield Sep 2019

Influence Of Dietary Supplementation Of Probiotic Pediococcus Acidilactici Ma18/5m During The Transition From Freshwater To Seawater On Intestinal Health And Microbiota Of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar L.), Alexander Jaramillo-Torres, Mark D. Rawling, Ana Rodiles, Heidi E. Mikalsen, Lill Heidi Johansen, John Tinsley, Torunn Forberg, Elisabeth Aasum, Mathieu Castex, Daniel Lee Merrifield

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Photosynthetic Responses Of Turf‐Forming Red Macroalgae To High‐Co 2 Conditions, Sj Mccoy, A Santillán‐Sarmiento, Mt Brown, S Widdicombe, Gl Wheeler Sep 2019

Photosynthetic Responses Of Turf‐Forming Red Macroalgae To High‐Co 2 Conditions, Sj Mccoy, A Santillán‐Sarmiento, Mt Brown, S Widdicombe, Gl Wheeler

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Seaweeds are important components of near-shore ecosystems as primary producers, foundation species, and biogeochemical engineers. Seaweed communities are likely to alter under predicted climate change scenarios. We tested the physiological responses of three perennial, turf-building, intertidal rhodophytes, Mastocarpus stellatus, Osmundea pinnatifida, and the calcified Ellisolandia elongata, to elevated pCO2 over 6 weeks. Responses varied between these three species. E. elongata was strongly affected by high pCO2, whereas non-calcified species were not. Elevated pCO2 did not induce consistent responses of photosynthesis and respiration across these three species. While baseline photophysiology differed significantly between species, we found few clear effects of elevated …


Combining Distribution And Dispersal Models To Identify A Particularly Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem, Rebecca E. Ross, Edward J.G. Wort, Kerry L. Howell Sep 2019

Combining Distribution And Dispersal Models To Identify A Particularly Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem, Rebecca E. Ross, Edward J.G. Wort, Kerry L. Howell

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Classic Axon Guidance Molecules Control Correct Nerve Bridge Tissue Formation And Precise Axon Regeneration, Xin Peng Dun, David Parkinson Sep 2019

Classic Axon Guidance Molecules Control Correct Nerve Bridge Tissue Formation And Precise Axon Regeneration, Xin Peng Dun, David Parkinson

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.


Continuous Free Cortisol Profiles In Healthy Men - Validation Of Microdialysis Method, R Bhake, Gm Russell, Y Kershaw, K Stevens, Et Al Sep 2019

Continuous Free Cortisol Profiles In Healthy Men - Validation Of Microdialysis Method, R Bhake, Gm Russell, Y Kershaw, K Stevens, Et Al

Peninsula Medical School

Context In humans, approximately 95% of circulating cortisol is bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin and albumin. It is only the free fraction that is biologically active and can activate signaling pathways via glucocorticoid hormone receptors in cells. Microdialysis is a well-established technique that enables the sampling of molecules in different compartments of the body, including extracellular fluid. This is the first study validating a rapid sampling microdialysis method measuring free cortisol in the subcutaneous and blood compartments of healthy volunteers. Methods Healthy nonsmoking volunteers (42 men, aged 18–24 years; body mass index 18–25 kg/m2) received placebo (saline), 250 μg Synacthen, or …


Thiobacillus, R Boden, L Hutt, A Rae Sep 2019

Thiobacillus, R Boden, L Hutt, A Rae

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Mapk Pathway Under Chronic Copper Excess In Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Influence On Metal Exclusion/Extrusion Mechanisms And Photosynthesis, Psm Celis-Plá, F Rodríguez-Rojas, L Méndez, F Moenne, Et Al Sep 2019

Mapk Pathway Under Chronic Copper Excess In Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Influence On Metal Exclusion/Extrusion Mechanisms And Photosynthesis, Psm Celis-Plá, F Rodríguez-Rojas, L Méndez, F Moenne, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

There is currently no information regarding the role that whole mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways play in counteracting environmental stress in photosynthetic organisms. To address this gap, we exposed Ulva compressa to chronic levels of copper (10 µM) specific inhibitors of Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal Kinases (JNK), and Cytokinin Specific Binding Protein (p38) MAPKs alone or in combination. Intracellular copper accumulation and photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were measured after 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 6 days of exposure. By day 6, when one (except JNK) or more of the MAPK pathways …


Mapk Pathway Under Chronic Copper Excess In Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Involvement In The Regulation Of Detoxification Mechanisms, F Rodríguez-Rojas, Psm Celis-Plá, L Méndez, F Moenne, Et Al Sep 2019

Mapk Pathway Under Chronic Copper Excess In Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Involvement In The Regulation Of Detoxification Mechanisms, F Rodríguez-Rojas, Psm Celis-Plá, L Méndez, F Moenne, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Following the physiological complementary/parallel Celis-Plá et al., by inhibiting extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), and cytokinin specific binding protein (p38), we assessed the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway in detoxification responses mediated by chronic copper (10 µM) in U. compressa. Parameters were taken at 6, 24, and 48 h, and 6 days (d). H2O2 and lipid peroxidation under copper and inhibition of ERK, JNK, or p38 alone increased but recovered by the sixth day. By blocking two or more MAPKs under copper, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation decayed even below controls. Inhibition of more …


Direct Monitoring Reveals Initiation Of Turbidity Currents From Extremely Dilute River Plumes, Sophie Hage, Matthieu J.B. Cartigny, Esther J. Sumner, Michael A. Clare, Clarke Je Hughes, Peter J. Talling, D. Gwyn Lintern, Stephen M. Simmons, Jacinto R Silva, Age J. Vellinga, Joshua R. Allin, M Azpiroz‐Zabala, Jenny A. Gales, Jamie L. Hizzett, James E. Hunt, Alessandro Mozzato, Daniel R. Parsons, Ed L. Pope, Cooper D. Stacey, William O. Symons, Mark E. Vardy, Camilla Watts Sep 2019

Direct Monitoring Reveals Initiation Of Turbidity Currents From Extremely Dilute River Plumes, Sophie Hage, Matthieu J.B. Cartigny, Esther J. Sumner, Michael A. Clare, Clarke Je Hughes, Peter J. Talling, D. Gwyn Lintern, Stephen M. Simmons, Jacinto R Silva, Age J. Vellinga, Joshua R. Allin, M Azpiroz‐Zabala, Jenny A. Gales, Jamie L. Hizzett, James E. Hunt, Alessandro Mozzato, Daniel R. Parsons, Ed L. Pope, Cooper D. Stacey, William O. Symons, Mark E. Vardy, Camilla Watts

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Sediment And Organic Carbon Transport And Deposition Driven By Internal Tides Along Monterey Canyon, Offshore California, Katherine L. Maier, Kurt J. Rosenberger, Charles K. Paull, Roberto Gwiazda, Jenny Gales, Thomas Lorenson, James P. Barry, Peter J. Talling, Mary Mcgann, Jingping Xu, Eve Lundsten, Krystle Anderson, Steven Y. Litvin, Daniel R. Parsons, Michael A. Clare, Stephen M. Simmons, Esther J. Sumner, Matthieu J.B. Cartigny Sep 2019

Sediment And Organic Carbon Transport And Deposition Driven By Internal Tides Along Monterey Canyon, Offshore California, Katherine L. Maier, Kurt J. Rosenberger, Charles K. Paull, Roberto Gwiazda, Jenny Gales, Thomas Lorenson, James P. Barry, Peter J. Talling, Mary Mcgann, Jingping Xu, Eve Lundsten, Krystle Anderson, Steven Y. Litvin, Daniel R. Parsons, Michael A. Clare, Stephen M. Simmons, Esther J. Sumner, Matthieu J.B. Cartigny

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


A New Method For Assessing River Ecosystem Services And Its Application To Rivers In Scotland With And Without Nature Conservation Designations., Victoria Keele, David Gilvear, Andrew Large, Angus Tree, Philip Boon Sep 2019

A New Method For Assessing River Ecosystem Services And Its Application To Rivers In Scotland With And Without Nature Conservation Designations., Victoria Keele, David Gilvear, Andrew Large, Angus Tree, Philip Boon

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Based on a paired analysis, we describe a method for evaluating the potential of rivers with different physical characteristics to provide ecosystem services. Scores based on an extensive scientific literature review and expert opinion were applied to four sets of rivers in Scotland, with each pair comprising one river with a statutory nature conservation designation and one where such designations were largely absent. Data on physical habitat features and land cover were extracted manually from Google Earth™, based upon a previously published method expanded here to take account of cultural ecosystem services. Twenty physical habitat features and land-cover types and …


A New Method For Assessing River Ecosystem Services And Its Application To Rivers In Scotland With And Without Nature Conservation Designations., David Gilvear, Victoria Keele, T Angus, Philip Boon, Andrew Large Sep 2019

A New Method For Assessing River Ecosystem Services And Its Application To Rivers In Scotland With And Without Nature Conservation Designations., David Gilvear, Victoria Keele, T Angus, Philip Boon, Andrew Large

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Based on a paired analysis, we describe a method for evaluating the potential of rivers with different physical characteristics to provide ecosystem services. Scores based on an extensive scientific literature review and expert opinion were applied to four sets of rivers in Scotland, with each pair comprising one river with a statutory nature conservation designation and one where such designations were largely absent. Data on physical habitat features and land cover were extracted manually from Google Earth™, based upon a previously published method expanded here to take account of cultural ecosystem services. Twenty physical habitat features and land-cover types and …


The Future Of Blue Carbon Science, Peter I. Macreadie, Andrea Anton, John A. Raven, Nicola Beaumont, Rod M. Connolly, Daniel A. Friess, Jeffrey J. Kelleway, Hilary Kennedy, Tomohiro Kuwae, Paul S. Lavery, Catherine E. Lovelock, Dan A. Smale, Eugenia T. Apostolaki, Trisha B. Atwood, Jeff Baldock, Thomas S. Bianchi, Gail L. Chmura, Bradley D. Eyre, James W. Fourqurean, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Mark Huxham, Iris E. Hendriks, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Dan Laffoley, Tiziana Luisetti, Núria Marbà, Pere Masque, Karen J. Mcglathery, J. Patrick Megonigal, Daniel Murdiyarso, Bayden D. Russell, Rui Santos, Oscar Serrano, Brian R. Silliman, Kenta Watanabe, Carlos M. Duarte Sep 2019

The Future Of Blue Carbon Science, Peter I. Macreadie, Andrea Anton, John A. Raven, Nicola Beaumont, Rod M. Connolly, Daniel A. Friess, Jeffrey J. Kelleway, Hilary Kennedy, Tomohiro Kuwae, Paul S. Lavery, Catherine E. Lovelock, Dan A. Smale, Eugenia T. Apostolaki, Trisha B. Atwood, Jeff Baldock, Thomas S. Bianchi, Gail L. Chmura, Bradley D. Eyre, James W. Fourqurean, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Mark Huxham, Iris E. Hendriks, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Dan Laffoley, Tiziana Luisetti, Núria Marbà, Pere Masque, Karen J. Mcglathery, J. Patrick Megonigal, Daniel Murdiyarso, Bayden D. Russell, Rui Santos, Oscar Serrano, Brian R. Silliman, Kenta Watanabe, Carlos M. Duarte

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.