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Articles 2311 - 2340 of 6794
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Modulation Of Macrophage And Epithelial Cell Immune Defences By Probiotic Bacteria: Immune Stimulation Versus Suppression, Luma S.Abdulqader Al-Abdulwahid
Modulation Of Macrophage And Epithelial Cell Immune Defences By Probiotic Bacteria: Immune Stimulation Versus Suppression, Luma S.Abdulqader Al-Abdulwahid
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Abstract Probiotic bacteria are live organisms, if consumed in adequate amounts might confer health benefits. These bacteria, such as Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), include a number of strains that have specific health promoting activi-ties, attributed to their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Gut mucosal macrophage subsets play a fundamental role in driving muco-sal immune responses. These include, tolerance, associated with an M2-, regulatory macrophage phenotype and inflammatory activation with an M1-like phenotype. The cross-link between mucosal tolerance and inflammatory cytokine suppression, and augmentation of IL-10 production in the gut relate to endotoxin tolerance. Endotoxin tolerance is a context; it could present …
Dll4 And Jag1 In The Glioblastoma Response To Temozolomide Chemotherapy, Carly Bunston
Dll4 And Jag1 In The Glioblastoma Response To Temozolomide Chemotherapy, Carly Bunston
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common aggressive primary malignant brain tumour in adults. The current gold standard treatment comprises of surgery followed by radiotherapy and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. Prognosis is poor, with a median survival of 14.6 months following diagnosis. Treatment often fails due to intrinsic or acquired TMZ resistance of a small population of cells termed glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs). A promising target for glioblastoma therapy is the Notch signalling pathway, which can be suppressed using gamma-secretase inhibitors such as dibenzazepine (DBZ). We investigated the effects of the Notch ligands, Delta-like 4 (DLL4) and Jagged-1 (JAG1) …
Music And The Brain: Composing With The Electroencephalogram, Rachel Horrell
Music And The Brain: Composing With The Electroencephalogram, Rachel Horrell
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
The field of brain-computer music interfaces have been expanding ever since the first development in the 1960s. Although many brain-computer music interfaces have been developed for the purpose of composing music, these systems have not been accessible to musicians due to the use of complex programming and signal processing mathematics. In addition, these systems have often focused on the process of composing music by allowing for specific note selection, or the formation of structure. While these systems are beneficial for those who cannot compose music the traditional way, such as those with motor disabilities, they do not offer a new …
A Practice-As-Research Project Utilizing Butler’S (1990) Feminist/ Post-Structuralist Theory Of Gender Performativity, As Well As Connells (2001) System Of Hegemony, Complicity, And Subordination To Interrogate The Formation Of Toxic Masculinities Through Practice-As-Research And Live Art Methodologies, Charlie Cornforth
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
In the past twenty years or so, the concept of masculinity has come under increasing scrutiny. What used to constitute as socially acceptable behaviour for men to engage in, has increasingly become challenged by developments such as the MeToo movement. There are now stable grounds to argue that there is such thing as a toxic masculinity, an understanding that has been brought about through a series of questions that ask what grounds masculinity is constructing its position of authority and power upon, what behaviours associated with masculinity are bringing harm to both society as a whole, the individual man and …
Governance Of High Sea Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas From A Maltese Perspective, Christopher Cousin
Governance Of High Sea Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas From A Maltese Perspective, Christopher Cousin
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
The conservation of marine resources is gaining importance as more research is carried out leading to an increase in public awareness through campaigns and news. One conservation tool that is attracting more attention is commonly referred to as marine protected area (MPA). This tool has been used over many years but its use is increasing. There are various legal instruments that either obligate or encourage the use of MPAs. MPAs can be applied in all areas irrespective of the jurisdiction. However, jurisdiction of the area where a MPA is to be designated, influences the nature of regulations with which the …
Ideas Exchange: Design And The Post Bio-Tech-Body, Agatha Haines
Ideas Exchange: Design And The Post Bio-Tech-Body, Agatha Haines
School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses
This thesis situates speculative design as a valuable tool for thinking about design issues and the body. Bringing together historical, theoretical criticism and practice to show that speculative design is intimately linked with the body. The thesis’ arguments build on the basis that both the body and design have gone through a processes of anatomisation: they have been dissected, separated and segmented into parts and terms. Those parts and terms are then ordered in a fashion which may not necessarily be advantageous intra-disciplinarily, that is for collaborations and discussions within a discipline. A different anatomisation is proposed for more contemporary …
Intuitive Interventions: Constructing Documentary Cinematic Narratives, Heidi Morstang
Intuitive Interventions: Constructing Documentary Cinematic Narratives, Heidi Morstang
School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses
The argument in this summary concerns intuition as creative decision method in observational documentary film practice and is based upon three films produced, directed, edited and published by the author: In Transit [2011]; Prosperous Mountain [2013]; and Pseudotachylyte [2019]. The films are created with digital technologies employing state of the art High Definition Video cameras, and digital post-production software . This summary will use reflection and analysis to make explicit three aspects of the documentary cinematic process of creation: image, sound, and edit. It will highlight where a space is created to facilitate intuition. The summary will revisit some processes …
The Liminal Event And Its Symbols: On The Intersection Of Human And Technology, Blanka Deroko
The Liminal Event And Its Symbols: On The Intersection Of Human And Technology, Blanka Deroko
School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses
This thesis is an exploration of practical and theoretical modes of constituting hybrid subjectivities on the intersection of human and technology. Taking as a point of departure the posthuman and postphenomenological perspectives, I develop an approach to articulating hybrid subjectivities, where the distributed human and nonhuman entities come together in a relational way, expressing hybrid agencies. This thesis explores an emergent affective dimension in technological spaces, which provide a sensory stimulation to the human enabling a sense of presence in the distributed and virtual space. Further, I demonstrate a systematic manner, in which an integrated liminal event between the human …
How Progressive Was The Representation Of Physical Disability Within Mainstream Film In The 1990s, Given The Increased Awareness About Disability During The Decade?, Connor David Ruse
How Progressive Was The Representation Of Physical Disability Within Mainstream Film In The 1990s, Given The Increased Awareness About Disability During The Decade?, Connor David Ruse
School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses
This dissertation will explore the representation of physical disability in mainstream films in the 1990s, determining that this onscreen representation was only slightly progressive in nature. It is based on a qualitative analysis of sixteen characters with disabilities in fifteen mainstream films released between 1987 and 1999. The observations from this analysis were compiled into a database examining: the type of impairment a character had, the character’s screen time, the disability terminology used within the film and common tropes used to tell the character’s narrative within the film. Using the database and supportive sources, like interviews with the films’ casts …
Social Sculpture: A Plastic Process Of Mutual Transformation, Veronica Marina Fazzio Welf
Social Sculpture: A Plastic Process Of Mutual Transformation, Veronica Marina Fazzio Welf
School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses
Joseph Beuys, the originator of the term ‘Social Sculpture’, stated that the objects he made were stimulators for the formation of thoughts, i.e. that they were intended to mold or to shape thoughts. Beuys believed that the essence of Social Sculpture was to shape and mold the world by working with invisible materials to make new thoughts. His aim was to develop an evolutionary process to share his ideas about the universal nature of plasticity, and thus the ability we all have to constantly transform. This practice as research Ph.D. explores Social Sculpture as a contemporary process of transformation. The …
The Role Of Autophagy In Protecting Periodontium Integrity, And Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation, Portia Grayson
The Role Of Autophagy In Protecting Periodontium Integrity, And Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation, Portia Grayson
Other Faculty of Health Theses
The periodontium is a dynamic tissue that undergoes constant remodeling to maintain its structure and function. There is much evidence in the literature that autophagy can be activated by both mechanical stretching and inflammation, however the mechanisms involved are highly context dependent. Autophagy may also be important for bone remodeling in the oral cavity. Two scenarios where bone remodeling is key to the physiological outcome are orthodontic tooth movement and inflammatory-induced periodontal disease. This thesis aims to investigate the hypothesis that autophagy is involved in bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement and periodontal disease. While the stem cells concerned in …
Regulation Of The Expression And Lysine Acetylation Of Pro-Inflammatory Molecules By Lipid-Modifying Enzyme (Lpcat2) In Raw264.7 Cells, Victory Ibigo Poloamina
Regulation Of The Expression And Lysine Acetylation Of Pro-Inflammatory Molecules By Lipid-Modifying Enzyme (Lpcat2) In Raw264.7 Cells, Victory Ibigo Poloamina
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferases (LPCATs) are Lipid modifying enzymes that significantly regulate changes in the glycerophospholipid components of the macrophage membrane phospholipid bilayer. LPCAT2 is a subtype of LPCAT that regulates inflammatory responses to infection by lipopolysaccharides and lipopeptides. LPCAT2 co-localises with TLR4 and prevents its translocation to the signalling site (lipid rafts) of macrophage membranes. The first response to inflammation involves infiltration of macrophages to the infected site, where they fight infection by phagocytosing the microbial pathogen. Changes in the macrophage membrane phospholipid bilayer are essential for phagocytosis and receptor signalling. Regulation of protein acylation is also an integral mechanism for …
The Psychology Of Anxiety & Pain In Fibromyalgia, Anna Kharko
The Psychology Of Anxiety & Pain In Fibromyalgia, Anna Kharko
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Understanding pain is integral to understanding fibromyalgia, a chronic musculoskeletal pain condition of undetermined aetiology, and for which no single successful medical therapy exists. Most of what is known about fibromyalgia pain comes from psychophysical research of central sensitisation, a phenomenon of abnormally amplified pain following disruptions in the central nervous system. Anxiety has been long theorised to mediate this centralised pain, but its contribution is yet to be characterised. This thesis presents a multimodal investigation of pain perception under different manifestations of anxiety in both fibromyalgia-diagnosed and pain-free cohorts. Chapter 3 presented the findings from the first study in …
Optimal Fishing Effort Benefits Fisheries And Conservation, Adam Rees, Emma V. Sheehan, Martin J. Attrill
Optimal Fishing Effort Benefits Fisheries And Conservation, Adam Rees, Emma V. Sheehan, Martin J. Attrill
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
AbstractThe ecosystem effects of all commercial fishing methods need to be fully understood in order to manage our marine environments more effectively. The impacts associated with the most damaging mobile fishing methods are well documented leading to such methods being removed from some partially protected areas. In contrast, the impacts on the ecosystem from static fishing methods, such as pot fishing, are less well understood. Despite commercial pot fishing increasing within the UK, there are very few long term studies (> 1 year) that consider the effects of commercial pot fishing on temperate marine ecosystems. Here we present the results …
Assessing How Understory Plant And Pollinator Interactions Are Affected By Differing Canopy Phenologies, Jack Everatt
Assessing How Understory Plant And Pollinator Interactions Are Affected By Differing Canopy Phenologies, Jack Everatt
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Advancements in springtime phenologies of plants and their pollinators have been widely observed within the northern hemisphere due to climate change. The observed advancements have led to concern over potential mismatching occurring between plant-pollinator interactions. The effect of forest canopies on understory phenological interactions has scarcely been investigated. We studied the effect of differing canopy closure parameters on understory phenological interactions within Plymbridge woods, Devon, UK, over a 6-month study period. The temporal overlap between canopy, understory flower and pollinators were investigated using Pianka overlap indices. Canopy phenology was modelled using NLSTIMEDIST package of R, giving three canopy parameters, canopy …
Biological Constraints On Neural Network Models Of Cognitive Function, Friedemann Pulvermüller, Rosario Tomasello, Malte R. Henningsen-Schomers, Thomas Wennekers
Biological Constraints On Neural Network Models Of Cognitive Function, Friedemann Pulvermüller, Rosario Tomasello, Malte R. Henningsen-Schomers, Thomas Wennekers
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
Neural network models are potential tools for improving our understanding of complex brain functions. To address this goal, these models need to be neurobiologically realistic. However, although neural networks have advanced dramatically in recent years and even achieve human-like performance on complex perceptual and cognitive tasks, their similarity to aspects of brain anatomy and physiology is imperfect. Here, we discuss different types of neural models, including localist, auto-associative, hetero-associative, deep and whole-brain networks, and identify aspects under which their biological plausibility can be improved. These aspects range from the choice of model neurons and of mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and …
Time Travellers And Storytellers: Representations Of Dementia In Children's Fantasy Literature, Tracey Guiry
Time Travellers And Storytellers: Representations Of Dementia In Children's Fantasy Literature, Tracey Guiry
School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences Theses
This creative writing research-based thesis asks how dementia can be represented to primary-aged children through a fantasy fiction novel and offers an original fantasy fiction novel, The Battle for Spanoak (Guiry, 2020), written for children between the ages of 7 and 12-years-old as an original contribution to the corpus of dementia writing for children. The critical component to this thesis explores how generic fantasy devices and structures impact on the representation of dementia through ‘storytelling’ and ‘memory’ and describes the particular relevance of ‘time’ as a narrative device in dementia fantasy narratives. I have also contributed a corpus of dementia …
Effects Of Perioperative Oxygen Concentration On Oxidative Stress In Adult Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review, Alexander H. Oldman, Daniel S. Martin, Martin Feelisch, Michael P.W. Grocott, Andrew F. Cumpstey
Effects Of Perioperative Oxygen Concentration On Oxidative Stress In Adult Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review, Alexander H. Oldman, Daniel S. Martin, Martin Feelisch, Michael P.W. Grocott, Andrew F. Cumpstey
Peninsula Medical School
No abstract provided.
Tool Use And Function Knowledge Shape Visual Object Processing, Francois R. Foerster, Jeremy Goslin
Tool Use And Function Knowledge Shape Visual Object Processing, Francois R. Foerster, Jeremy Goslin
School of Psychology
Perceiving the environment automatically informs how we can interact with it through affordance mechanisms. However, it remains unknown how our knowledge about the environment shapes how it is perceived. In this training study, we evaluated whether motor and function knowledge about novel objects affects visual object processing. Forty-three participants associated a usage or function to a novel object in interactive virtual reality while their EEG was recorded. Both usage and function influenced the mu-band (8–12 Hz) rhythms, suggesting that motor and function object information influence motor processing during object recognition. Learning the usage also prevented the reduction of the theta-band …
How Does Familiarity With A Voice Affect Trait Judgements?, Nadine Lavan, Mila Mileva, Carolyn Mcgettigan
How Does Familiarity With A Voice Affect Trait Judgements?, Nadine Lavan, Mila Mileva, Carolyn Mcgettigan
School of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Sex, Gender And Gender Identity: A Re-Evaluation Of The Evidence, Lucy Griffin, Katie Clyde, Richard Byng, Susan Bewley
Sex, Gender And Gender Identity: A Re-Evaluation Of The Evidence, Lucy Griffin, Katie Clyde, Richard Byng, Susan Bewley
Peninsula Medical School
Summary In the past decade there has been a rapid increase in gender diversity, particularly in children and young people, with referrals to specialist gender clinics rising. In this article, the evolving terminology around transgender health is considered and the role of psychiatry is explored now that this condition is no longer classified as a mental illness. The concept of conversion therapy with reference to alternative gender identities is examined critically and with reference to psychiatry's historical relationship with conversion therapy for homosexuality. The authors consider the uncertainties that clinicians face when dealing with something that is no longer a …
Energy-Food Nexus In The Marine Environment: A Macroeconomic Analysis On Offshore Wind Energy And Seafood Production In Scotland, Yang Qu, Tara Hooper, J. Kim Swales, Eleni Papathanasopoulou, Melanie C. Austen, Xiaoyu Yan
Energy-Food Nexus In The Marine Environment: A Macroeconomic Analysis On Offshore Wind Energy And Seafood Production In Scotland, Yang Qu, Tara Hooper, J. Kim Swales, Eleni Papathanasopoulou, Melanie C. Austen, Xiaoyu Yan
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Is Habitat Selection In The Wild Shaped By Individual‐Level Cognitive Biases In Orientation Strategy?, Christine E. Beardsworth, Mark A. Whiteside, Philippa R. Laker, Ran Nathan, Yotam Orchan, Sivan Toledo, Jo Horik, Joah R. Madden
Is Habitat Selection In The Wild Shaped By Individual‐Level Cognitive Biases In Orientation Strategy?, Christine E. Beardsworth, Mark A. Whiteside, Philippa R. Laker, Ran Nathan, Yotam Orchan, Sivan Toledo, Jo Horik, Joah R. Madden
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Spatial Cognitive Ability Is Associated With Transitory Movement Speed But Not Straightness During The Early Stages Of Exploration, Christine E. Beardsworth, Mark A. Whiteside, Lucy A. Capstick, Philippa R. Laker, Ellis J.G. Langley, Ran Nathan, Yotam Orchan, Sivan Toledo, Horik Jo Van, Joah R. Madden
Spatial Cognitive Ability Is Associated With Transitory Movement Speed But Not Straightness During The Early Stages Of Exploration, Christine E. Beardsworth, Mark A. Whiteside, Lucy A. Capstick, Philippa R. Laker, Ellis J.G. Langley, Ran Nathan, Yotam Orchan, Sivan Toledo, Horik Jo Van, Joah R. Madden
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Memories about the spatial environment, such as the locations of foraging patches, are expected to affect how individuals move around the landscape. However, individuals differ in the ability to remember spatial locations (spatial cognitive ability) and evidence is growing that these inter-individual differences influence a range of fitness proxies. Yet empirical evaluations directly linking inter-individual variation in spatial cognitive ability and the development and structure of movement paths are lacking. We assessed the performance of young pheasants ( Phasianus colchicus ) on a spatial cognition task before releasing them into a novel, rural landscape and tracking their movements. We quantified …
Forecasting Coastal Evolution On Time-Scales Of Days To Decades, Mark Davidson
Forecasting Coastal Evolution On Time-Scales Of Days To Decades, Mark Davidson
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Moving Towards More Sustainable Aquaculture Practices: A Meta‐Analysis On The Potential Of Plant‐Enriched Diets To Improve Fish Growth, Immunity And Disease Resistance, Miriam Reverter, N Tapissier‐Bontemps, Samira Sarter, Pierre Sasal, Domenico Caruso
Moving Towards More Sustainable Aquaculture Practices: A Meta‐Analysis On The Potential Of Plant‐Enriched Diets To Improve Fish Growth, Immunity And Disease Resistance, Miriam Reverter, N Tapissier‐Bontemps, Samira Sarter, Pierre Sasal, Domenico Caruso
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
AbstractAquatic animal diseases are one of the major limiting factors in aquaculture development, with disease emergence forecast to increase with global change. However, in order to treat increasing diseases in a context of global emergence of antimicrobial resistance and strengthening regulations on antimicrobial use, sustainable alternatives are urgently needed. The use of plant supplements to increase fish immunity and disease resistance has gained much popularity within the last decades. The use of functional supplements, such as plants, can also improve growth and feed assimilation, contributing to a better optimization of aquaculture resources (e.g. fish meal inclusion). We conducted a systematic …
Reconstructing Baselines: Use Of Habitat Suitability Modelling To Predict Pre-Fishing Condition Of A Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem, Anna Leena Downie, Nils Piechaud, Kerry Howell, Froján C Barrio, Mar Sacau, Andrew Kenny
Reconstructing Baselines: Use Of Habitat Suitability Modelling To Predict Pre-Fishing Condition Of A Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem, Anna Leena Downie, Nils Piechaud, Kerry Howell, Froján C Barrio, Mar Sacau, Andrew Kenny
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
As industrialized fishing activities have moved into deeper water, the recognition of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) has become important for the protection of the deep-sea. Our limited knowledge on the past and present distribution of VMEs hinders our ability to manage bottom fisheries effectively. This study investigated whether accounting for bottom fishing intensity (derived from Vessel Monitoring System records) as a predictor in habitat suitability models can (1) improve predictions of, and (2) provide estimates for a pre-fishing baseline for the distribution and biomass of a VME indicator taxon. Random Forest models were applied to presence/absence and biomass of Geodia …
Wave Modulation Of Flows On Open And Closed Reefs, M Lindhart, Js Rogers, Sa Maticka, Cb Woodson, Sg Monismith
Wave Modulation Of Flows On Open And Closed Reefs, M Lindhart, Js Rogers, Sa Maticka, Cb Woodson, Sg Monismith
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Using observations, numerical models, and theory, we explore a framework to classify reefs as open or closed based on their dynamics. While the concepts of open and closed reefs are used widely in studies of coral reef hydrodynamics and are generally based on geometry, there is no consensus on what qualifies as open and closed. With observations from Ofu, American Samoa, we show that the reef flat exhibits two different dynamical regimes depending on tidal and wave forcing. Flow over this reef flat resembles a classic one‐dimensional barrier reef flow during low tide, where wave setup creates a cross‐reef pressure …
Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Manchester Consensus, Ra Dunne, D Aarsland, Jt O’Brien, Et Al
Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Manchester Consensus, Ra Dunne, D Aarsland, Jt O’Brien, Et Al
Peninsula Medical School
Given considerable variation in diagnostic and therapeutic practice, there is a need for national guidance on the use of neuroimaging, fluid biomarkers, cognitive testing, follow-up and diagnostic terminology in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI is a heterogenous clinical syndrome reflecting a change in cognitive function and deficits on neuropsychological testing but relatively intact activities of daily living. MCI is a risk state for further cognitive and functional decline with 5–15% of people developing dementia per year. However, ~50% remain stable at 5 years and in a minority, symptoms resolve over time. There is considerable debate about whether MCI is a …
Bioclimatic And Anthropogenic Variables Shape The Occurrence Of Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis Over A Large Latitudinal Gradient, Mario Alvarado-Rybak, Manuel Lepe-Lopez, Alexandra Peñafiel-Ricaurte, Andrés Valenzuela-Sánchez, Catalina Valdivia, Fernando O. Mardones, Leonardo D. Bacigalupe, Robert Puschendorf, Andrew A. Cunningham, Claudio Azat
Bioclimatic And Anthropogenic Variables Shape The Occurrence Of Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis Over A Large Latitudinal Gradient, Mario Alvarado-Rybak, Manuel Lepe-Lopez, Alexandra Peñafiel-Ricaurte, Andrés Valenzuela-Sánchez, Catalina Valdivia, Fernando O. Mardones, Leonardo D. Bacigalupe, Robert Puschendorf, Andrew A. Cunningham, Claudio Azat
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
AbstractAmphibian chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has caused the greatest known loss of biodiversity due to an infectious disease. We used Bd infection data from quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays of amphibian skin swabs collected across Chile during 2008–2018 to model Bd occurrence with the aim to determine bioclimatic and anthropogenic variables associated with Bd infection. Also, we used Bd presence/absence records to identify geographical Bd high-risk areas and compare Bd prevalence and infection loads between amphibian families, ecoregions, and host ecology. Data comprised 4155 Bd-specific qPCR assays from 162 locations across a latitudinal gradient of 3700 …