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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 6794
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Plastic Pollution Requires An Integrative Systems Approach To Understand And Mitigate Risk, Winnie Courtene-Jones, Nathaniel J. Clark, Richard C. Thompson
Plastic Pollution Requires An Integrative Systems Approach To Understand And Mitigate Risk, Winnie Courtene-Jones, Nathaniel J. Clark, Richard C. Thompson
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
To date, much effort has been placed on quantifying plastic pollution and understanding its negative environmental effects, arguably to the detriment of research and evaluation of potential interventions. This has led to piecemeal progress in interventions to reduce plastic pollution, which do not correspond to the pace of emissions. For substances that are used on a global scale and identified as hazardous, there is a need to act before irreversible damage is done. For example, the history of dichlorodiphenyltrichloethane's (DDT) use has demonstrated that legacy chemicals with properties of persistence can still be found in the environment despite being first …
Tyre Particle Exposure Affects The Health Of Two Key Estuarine Invertebrates, S. L. Garrard, J. I. Spicer, R. C. Thompson
Tyre Particle Exposure Affects The Health Of Two Key Estuarine Invertebrates, S. L. Garrard, J. I. Spicer, R. C. Thompson
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Tyre wear particles may be the largest source of microplastic to the natural environment, yet information on their biological impacts is inadequate. Two key estuarine invertebrates; the clam Scrobicularia plana and the ragworm Hediste diversicolor were exposed to 10% tyre particles in sediment for three days. Both species consumed the particles, although S. plana consumed 25x more than H. diversicolor (967 compared with 35 particles.g−1 wet weight, respectively). We then investigated the impact of 21 days exposure to different concentrations of tyre particles in estuarine sediments (0.2, 1, and 5% dry weight sediment) on aspects of the health of S. …
Plastic Pollution: The Science We Need For The Planet We Want, Winnie Courtene-Jones, Nathaniel J. Clark, Richard C. Thompson
Plastic Pollution: The Science We Need For The Planet We Want, Winnie Courtene-Jones, Nathaniel J. Clark, Richard C. Thompson
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Plastics are incredibly versatile materials that can bring diverse societal and environmental benefit, yet current practices of production, use and disposal have negative effects on wildlife, the environment and human health leading to growing concern across public, policy makers and industry. This Special Issue in Emerging Topics in Life Sciences describes recent advances in our understanding of the consequences of plastic pollution. In particular, it examines their potential to act as vectors for chemicals and pathogens in the environment; evaluates the effects of plastic pollution on biogeochemical cycling, ecosystem functioning and highlights the potential for enhanced effects in environments that …
Detection And Characterisation Of Microplastics And Microfibres In Fishmeal And Soybean Meal, Christopher Walkinshaw, Trevor J. Tolhurst, Penelope K. Lindeque, Richard Thompson, Matthew Cole
Detection And Characterisation Of Microplastics And Microfibres In Fishmeal And Soybean Meal, Christopher Walkinshaw, Trevor J. Tolhurst, Penelope K. Lindeque, Richard Thompson, Matthew Cole
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Aquaculture is an increasingly important source of nutrition for global food security, which is reliant on animal- and plant-based feeds. Anthropogenic particles, including microplastics and semi-synthetic cellulosic fibres, are prolific marine pollutants that are readily consumed by marine organisms, including small pelagic fish commonly used in fishmeal. Conversely, there is no indication plants can accumulate anthropogenic microparticles. We explore whether aquaculture feed presents a route of contamination for farmed fish. Commercially-sourced aquaculture feedstocks, including fishmeals and soybean meal, were processed (KOH digestion and ZnCl2 density separation) and anthropogenic particles characterised using microscopy and spectroscopic methods. Both fishmeal and soybean meals …
Disruption Of Marine Habitats By Artificial Light At Night From Global Coastal Megacities, T. W. Davies, T. J. Smyth, A. E. Wright, A. Edwards-Jones, A Queiros, O. Rendon, S. Tidau, D. Mckee
Disruption Of Marine Habitats By Artificial Light At Night From Global Coastal Megacities, T. W. Davies, T. J. Smyth, A. E. Wright, A. Edwards-Jones, A Queiros, O. Rendon, S. Tidau, D. Mckee
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Half of globally significant megacities are situated near the coast, exposing urban marine ecosystems to multiple stressors such as waste-water discharge containing a host of organic and inorganic pollutants, air and noise pollution. In addition to these well recognized sources, artificial light at night (ALAN) pollution is inseparable from cities but poorly quantified in marine ecosystems to date. We have developed a time- and wavelength-resolving hydrological optical model that includes solar (daylight and twilight components), lunar and ALAN source terms and propagates these spectrally through a tidally varying water column using Beer’s Law. Our model shows that for 8 globally …
An Evaluation Of The Environmental Impact Assessment Process In Iraq, S Al-Fatlawi, M Ibadi, S Goodhew, W Pan
An Evaluation Of The Environmental Impact Assessment Process In Iraq, S Al-Fatlawi, M Ibadi, S Goodhew, W Pan
School of Art, Design and Architecture
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is becoming more prevalent. However, compared to many jurisdictions in developed countries, the Middle East countries, including Iraq, have been relatively late in introducing and developing their environmental impact assessment systems. The Iraqi Protection and Improvement of the Environment Law of 2009 improved the EIA procedure established in 1997. Nonetheless, the current technique has severe drawbacks. The purpose of this study is to assess Iraq's present EIA system. The evaluation was carried out using a simple conceptual model created to meet the goal. The performance of the EIA process in Iraq is evaluated, and a list …
Deficiency And Excess Of Groundwater Iodine And Their Health Associations, Ruoqi Ma, Mingquan Yan, Peng Han, Ting Wang, Bin Li, Shungui Zhou, T Zheng, Yandi Hu, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, C Zheng, Jinren Ni
Deficiency And Excess Of Groundwater Iodine And Their Health Associations, Ruoqi Ma, Mingquan Yan, Peng Han, Ting Wang, Bin Li, Shungui Zhou, T Zheng, Yandi Hu, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, C Zheng, Jinren Ni
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
AbstractMore than two billion people worldwide have suffered thyroid disorders from either iodine deficiency or excess. By creating the national map of groundwater iodine throughout China, we reveal the spatial responses of diverse health risks to iodine in continental groundwater. Greater non-carcinogenic risks relevant to lower iodine more likely occur in the areas of higher altitude, while those associated with high groundwater iodine are concentrated in the areas suffered from transgressions enhanced by land over-use and intensive anthropogenic overexploitation. The potential roles of groundwater iodine species are also explored: iodide might be associated with subclinical hypothyroidism particularly in higher iodine …
"Life-Changing”- The Experience Of Super-Responders To Biologics In Severe Asthma, Joseph W. Lanario, Lucy Cartwright, Rupert C. Jones, Ross Sayers, Michael E. Hyland, Matthew Masoli
"Life-Changing”- The Experience Of Super-Responders To Biologics In Severe Asthma, Joseph W. Lanario, Lucy Cartwright, Rupert C. Jones, Ross Sayers, Michael E. Hyland, Matthew Masoli
More Faculty of Health Research
Background There is limited information on the patient’s perspective of how biologic treatments impact their lives. We conducted a qualitative study to explore the patient’s experience of being considered a super-responder from a quality of life perspective. Methods Patients with severe asthma identified as super-responders were invited to semi-structured interviews conducted online. Participants could bring a family member/friend to the interview. The interviews explored experiences of biologic treatment, were transcribed and underwent thematic analysis. Results Twenty-five participants took part in this study. Themes emerged on the impact of biologic treatment for participants and for their friends/family: (i) Words used to …
Standardized Multi-Omics Of Earth’S Microbiomes Reveals Microbial And Metabolite Diversity, Jp Shaffer, L-F Nothias, Lr Thompson, Earth Biome Project 500 Consortium
Standardized Multi-Omics Of Earth’S Microbiomes Reveals Microbial And Metabolite Diversity, Jp Shaffer, L-F Nothias, Lr Thompson, Earth Biome Project 500 Consortium
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Despite advances in sequencing, lack of standardization makes comparisons across studies challenging and hampers insights into the structure and function of microbial communities across multiple habitats on a planetary scale. Here we present a multi-omics analysis of a diverse set of 880 microbial community samples collected for the Earth Microbiome Project. We include amplicon (16S, 18S, ITS) and shotgun metagenomic sequence data, and untargeted metabolomics data (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometry). We used standardized protocols and analytical methods to characterize microbial communities, focusing on relationships and co-occurrences of microbially related metabolites and microbial taxa across environments, …
Tritiated Steel Micro-Particles: Computational Dosimetry And Prediction Of Radiation-Induced Dna Damage For In Vitro Cell Culture Exposures, Alice Mentana, Yordenca Lamartinière, Thierry Orsière, Véronique Malard, Mickaël Payet, Danielle Slomberg, Isabella Guardamagna, Leonardo Lonati, Cristian Grisolia, Awadhesh Jha, Laurence Lebaron-Jacobs, Jerome Rose, Andrea Ottolenghi, Giorgio Baiocco
Tritiated Steel Micro-Particles: Computational Dosimetry And Prediction Of Radiation-Induced Dna Damage For In Vitro Cell Culture Exposures, Alice Mentana, Yordenca Lamartinière, Thierry Orsière, Véronique Malard, Mickaël Payet, Danielle Slomberg, Isabella Guardamagna, Leonardo Lonati, Cristian Grisolia, Awadhesh Jha, Laurence Lebaron-Jacobs, Jerome Rose, Andrea Ottolenghi, Giorgio Baiocco
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Biological effects of radioactive particles can be experimentally investigated in vitro as a function of particle concentration, specific activity and exposure time. However, a careful dosimetric analysis is needed to elucidate the role of radiation emitted by radioactive products in inducing cyto- and geno-toxicity: the quantification of radiation dose is essential to eventually inform dose-risk correlations. This is even more fundamental when radioactive particles are short-range emitters and when they have a chemical speciation that might further concur to the heterogeneity of energy deposition at the cellular and sub-cellular level. To this aim, we need to use computational models. In …
Structural And Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates Of Fatigue And Dual-Task Performance In Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, Paolo Preziosa, Maria A. Rocca, Elisabetta Pagani, Paola Valsasina, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Nicolò Bruschi, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Alessandro Meani, Cecilia Meza, Robert W. Motl, Amber Salter, Brian M. Sandroff, Anthony Feinstein, Massimo Filippi
Structural And Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates Of Fatigue And Dual-Task Performance In Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, Paolo Preziosa, Maria A. Rocca, Elisabetta Pagani, Paola Valsasina, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Nicolò Bruschi, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Alessandro Meani, Cecilia Meza, Robert W. Motl, Amber Salter, Brian M. Sandroff, Anthony Feinstein, Massimo Filippi
School of Health Professions
BACKGROUND: Frontal cortico-subcortical dysfunction may contribute to fatigue and dual-task impairment of walking and cognition in progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS). PURPOSE: To explore the associations among fatigue, dual-task performance and structural and functional abnormalities of frontal cortico-subcortical network in PMS. METHODS: Brain 3 T structural and functional MRI sequences, Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), dual-task motor and cognitive performances were obtained from 57 PMS patients and 10 healthy controls (HC). The associations of thalamic, caudate nucleus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) atrophy, microstructural abnormalities of their connections and their resting state effective connectivity (RS-EC) with fatigue and dual-task performance were …
Strengthened Multi-Stakeholder Linkages In Valuation Studies Is Critical For Improved Decision Making Outcomes For Valuable Mangroves – The Malaysian Case Study, Soon Loong Lee, Amy Yee Hui Then, Hong Ching Goh, Caroline Hattam, Andrew Edwards-Jones, Melanie C. Austen
Strengthened Multi-Stakeholder Linkages In Valuation Studies Is Critical For Improved Decision Making Outcomes For Valuable Mangroves – The Malaysian Case Study, Soon Loong Lee, Amy Yee Hui Then, Hong Ching Goh, Caroline Hattam, Andrew Edwards-Jones, Melanie C. Austen
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Mangrove forests in Southeast Asia are continuously declining as a result of unsustainable practices, partly due to limited recognition of the value of mangrove services in land use decision making. Valuation practitioners have assumed that monetary valuation should inform local and national decision makers to ensure sustainable management of mangrove resources. For ecosystem service valuation to be of use to decision makers, best practices should be adhered to such as having straightforward policy questions and strong stakeholder engagement from the onset of valuation studies, suitable choice of valuation methodologies, and the ability to effectively demonstrate causal links between drivers of …
Effect Of Indoor Environment On Occupant Air Comfort And Productivity In Office Buildings: A Response Surface Analysis Approach, Amit Kant Kaushik, Mohammed Arif, Matt M.G. Syal, Muhammad Qasim Rana, Olugbenga Timo Oladinrin, Ahlam Ammar Sharif, Ala’A Saleh Alshdiefat
Effect Of Indoor Environment On Occupant Air Comfort And Productivity In Office Buildings: A Response Surface Analysis Approach, Amit Kant Kaushik, Mohammed Arif, Matt M.G. Syal, Muhammad Qasim Rana, Olugbenga Timo Oladinrin, Ahlam Ammar Sharif, Ala’A Saleh Alshdiefat
School of Art, Design and Architecture
Indoor air quality is a significant factor influencing occupant comfort, health and productivity. Indoor air comfort and its relationship to occupant comfort and productivity are widely documented. Statistical correlation between the two has been highlighted in scientific literature. This paper investigates any unique correlations between non-air quality parameters (such as lux level, temperature, and noise level) and indoor air comfort and presents a study investigating the effect of indoor environmental quality on occupant air comfort and productivity. This study was conducted by collecting data on indoor environmental parameters using remote sensors and an online survey for occupant responses for twelve …
How University Students Are Taught About Sustainability, And How They Want To Be Taught: The Importance Of The Hidden Curriculum, Lucy Millicent Turner, Smitha Hegde, Indrani Karunasagar, Rebecca Turner
How University Students Are Taught About Sustainability, And How They Want To Be Taught: The Importance Of The Hidden Curriculum, Lucy Millicent Turner, Smitha Hegde, Indrani Karunasagar, Rebecca Turner
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Purpose: India is unique, having enshrined in law the teaching of sustainability education (SE) within all levels of formal education. This study aims to examine the integration and perceptions of SE within the higher education (HE) sector in India and identify any lessons that can be exported about the teaching of SE from the Indian HE environment. Design/methodology/approach: Focusing on a science-based teaching and research institute at a private university in India, a quantitative, cross-sectional study examined the extent to which SE was integrated into the university and how it was perceived by students and staff. Data were collected through …
Withdrawing Antipsychotics For Challenging Behaviours In Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Experiences And Views Of Experts By Experience, Gerda De Kuijper, Joke De Haan, Shoumitro Deb, Rohit Shankar
Withdrawing Antipsychotics For Challenging Behaviours In Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Experiences And Views Of Experts By Experience, Gerda De Kuijper, Joke De Haan, Shoumitro Deb, Rohit Shankar
Peninsula Medical School
People with intellectual disabilities (PwID) are frequently prescribed long-term antipsychotics for behaviours that challenge (BtC) despite the lack of proven effectiveness and the increased risks for side effects of these medications in this population. National and international good clinical practice guidelines recommend deprescribing antipsychotics for BtC, which is often not successful due to environmental and other factors. The involvement of all stakeholders, including PwID, is crucial for deprescribing. However, studies showed that PwID and/or their families are often not involved in decision-making regarding the (de)prescribing of antipsychotics despite their desire to get involved. Moreover, studies on the views of PwID …
Withdrawing Antipsychotics For Challenging Behaviours In Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Experiences And Views Of Experts By Experience, G De Kuijper, J De Haan, S Deb, R Shankar
Withdrawing Antipsychotics For Challenging Behaviours In Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Experiences And Views Of Experts By Experience, G De Kuijper, J De Haan, S Deb, R Shankar
Peninsula Medical School
People with intellectual disabilities (PwID) are frequently prescribed long-term antipsychotics for behaviours that challenge (BtC) despite the lack of proven effectiveness and the increased risks for side effects of these medications in this population. National and international good clinical practice guidelines recommend deprescribing antipsychotics for BtC, which is often not successful due to environmental and other factors. The involvement of all stakeholders, including PwID, is crucial for deprescribing. However, studies showed that PwID and/or their families are often not involved in decision-making regarding the (de)prescribing of antipsychotics despite their desire to get involved. Moreover, studies on the views of PwID …
Links Between Risk Source Identification And Resilience Capability Building In Agri-Food Supply Chains: A Comprehensive Analysis, Guoqing Zhao, Femi Olan, Shaofeng Liu, Jorge Hernandez Hormazabal, Carmen Lopez, Nasiru Zubairu, Jinhua Zhang, Xiaoning Chen
Links Between Risk Source Identification And Resilience Capability Building In Agri-Food Supply Chains: A Comprehensive Analysis, Guoqing Zhao, Femi Olan, Shaofeng Liu, Jorge Hernandez Hormazabal, Carmen Lopez, Nasiru Zubairu, Jinhua Zhang, Xiaoning Chen
Plymouth Business School
Agri-food supply chain (AFSC) resilience is receiving increasing attention as AFSC stakeholders perceive its benefits in recovering from unexpected disruptions. However, which resilience capabilities are more effective in mitigating AFSC risks remains unclear. To address this gap, this article presents a novel AFSC risk and resilience analysis based on a systematic literature review (SLR). In total, 95 journal articles on AFSC risk and resilience management published between 2004 and 2020 are analyzed to identify key risks and resilience capabilities in AFSCs, the relationships, correlations and causalities between them, and research gaps and future research directions in the field. Our SLR …
Monogenic Causes Of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Are Rare And Mostly Recessive, S Shekari, S Stankovic, Ej Gardner, G Hawkes, Ka Kentistou, Rn Beaumont, A Mörseburg, Ar Wood, G Mishra, F Day, J Baptista, Cf Wright, Mn Weedon, E Hoffmann, Ks Ruth, K Ong, Jrb Perry, A Murray
Monogenic Causes Of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Are Rare And Mostly Recessive, S Shekari, S Stankovic, Ej Gardner, G Hawkes, Ka Kentistou, Rn Beaumont, A Mörseburg, Ar Wood, G Mishra, F Day, J Baptista, Cf Wright, Mn Weedon, E Hoffmann, Ks Ruth, K Ong, Jrb Perry, A Murray
Peninsula Medical School
No abstract provided.
The Winchcombe Meteorite, A Unique And Pristine Witness From The Outer Solar System, Aj King, L Daly, J Rowe, Et Al
The Winchcombe Meteorite, A Unique And Pristine Witness From The Outer Solar System, Aj King, L Daly, J Rowe, Et Al
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Direct links between carbonaceous chondrites and their parent bodies in the solar system are rare. The Winchcombe meteorite is the most accurately recorded carbonaceous chondrite fall. Its pre-atmospheric orbit and cosmic-ray exposure age confirm that it arrived on Earth shortly after ejection from a primitive asteroid. Recovered only hours after falling, the composition of the Winchcombe meteorite is largely unmodified by the terrestrial environment. It contains abundant hydrated silicates formed during fluid-rock reactions, and carbon- and nitrogen-bearing organic matter including soluble protein amino acids. The near-pristine hydrogen isotopic composition of the Winchcombe meteorite is comparable to the terrestrial hydrosphere, providing …
‘We Call It Getting Your Eye In’: Policing Sexual Harassment On The London Underground Through The Lens Of Haraway’S Situated Knowledges And Cyborgs, Sian Lewis
School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences
This article explores police perspectives of sexual harassment on the London Underground. Drawing on 15 semi-structured interviews with the British Transport Police this article demonstrates how the police a) use their ‘situated knowledges’ to make sense of the dynamics of the London Underground and seek out offenders within the network, often without a report of harassment; and b) engage with technologies in order to (re)construct incidents of sexual harassment so that they can be investigated. The article argues that the BTP occupy a ‘soft cyborg ontology’, and claims the implications this has on epistemologies and methods of policing as significant. …
Transposable Elements Maintain Genome-Wide Heterozygosity In Inbred Populations, Kort H De, Sylvain Legrand, Olivier Honnay, James Buckley
Transposable Elements Maintain Genome-Wide Heterozygosity In Inbred Populations, Kort H De, Sylvain Legrand, Olivier Honnay, James Buckley
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Elevated levels of inbreeding increase the risk of inbreeding depression and extinction, yet many inbred species are widespread, suggesting that inbreeding has little impact on evolutionary potential. Here, we explore the potential for transposable elements (TEs) to maintain genetic variation in functional genomic regions under extreme inbreeding. Capitalizing on the mixed mating system of Arabidopsis lyrata, we assess genome-wide heterozygosity and signatures of selection at single nucleotide polymorphisms near transposable elements across an inbreeding gradient. Under intense inbreeding, we find systematically elevated heterozygosity downstream of several TE superfamilies, associated with signatures of balancing selection. In addition, we demonstrate increased heterozygosity …
Visualisation Of Exhaled Breath Metabolites Reveals Distinct Diagnostic Signatures For Acute Cardiorespiratory Breathlessness, Michael J. Wilde, Wadah Ibrahim, Rebecca L. Cordell, Matthew Richardson, Robert C. Free, Bo Zhao, Amisha Singapuri, Beverley Hargadon, Erol A. Gaillard, Toru Suzuki, Leong L. Ng, Tim Coats, Paul Thomas, Paul S. Monks, Christopher E. Brightling, Neil J. Greening, Salman Siddiqui
Visualisation Of Exhaled Breath Metabolites Reveals Distinct Diagnostic Signatures For Acute Cardiorespiratory Breathlessness, Michael J. Wilde, Wadah Ibrahim, Rebecca L. Cordell, Matthew Richardson, Robert C. Free, Bo Zhao, Amisha Singapuri, Beverley Hargadon, Erol A. Gaillard, Toru Suzuki, Leong L. Ng, Tim Coats, Paul Thomas, Paul S. Monks, Christopher E. Brightling, Neil J. Greening, Salman Siddiqui
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Acute cardiorespiratory breathlessness accounts for one in eight of all emergency hospitalizations. Early, noninvasive diagnostic testing is a clinical priority that allows rapid triage and treatment. Here, we sought to find and replicate diagnostic breath volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers of acute cardiorespiratory disease and understand breath metabolite network enrichment in acute disease, with a view to gaining mechanistic insight of breath biochemical derangements. We collected and analyzed exhaled breath samples from 277 participants presenting acute cardiorespiratory exacerbations and aged-matched healthy volunteers. Topological data analysis phenotypes differentiated acute disease from health and acute cardiorespiratory exacerbation subtypes (acute heart failure, acute …
Sixty Years Of Oceanography And Marine Biology: An Annual Review (Ombar) – A Brief Retrospective And Prospective, Sj Hawkins, A Oven, Ip Smith, Aj Lemasson
Sixty Years Of Oceanography And Marine Biology: An Annual Review (Ombar) – A Brief Retrospective And Prospective, Sj Hawkins, A Oven, Ip Smith, Aj Lemasson
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Are Plankton Nets A Thing Of The Past? An Assessment Of In Situ Imaging Of Zooplankton For Large-Scale Ecosystem Assessment And Policy Decision-Making, Sarah L.C. Giering, Phil F. Culverhouse, David G. Johns, Abigail Mcquatters-Gollop, Sophie G. Pitois
Are Plankton Nets A Thing Of The Past? An Assessment Of In Situ Imaging Of Zooplankton For Large-Scale Ecosystem Assessment And Policy Decision-Making, Sarah L.C. Giering, Phil F. Culverhouse, David G. Johns, Abigail Mcquatters-Gollop, Sophie G. Pitois
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Zooplankton are fundamental to aquatic ecosystem services such as carbon and nutrient cycling. Therefore, a robust evidence base of how zooplankton respond to changes in anthropogenic pressures, such as climate change and nutrient loading, is key to implementing effective policy-making and management measures. Currently, the data on which to base this evidence, such as long time-series and large-scale datasets of zooplankton distribution and community composition, are too sparse owing to practical limitations in traditional collection and analysis methods. The advance of in situ imaging technologies that can be deployed at large scales on autonomous platforms, coupled with artificial intelligence and …
The Role Of Mindfulness Training In Sustaining Weight Reduction: Retrospective Cohort Analysis, Petra Hanson, Maria Lange, Dominic Oduro-Donkor, Emma Shuttlewood, Martin O. Weickert, Harpal S. Randeva, Vinod Menon, Regi T. Alexander, Paul Basset, Rohit Shankar, Tom M. Barber
The Role Of Mindfulness Training In Sustaining Weight Reduction: Retrospective Cohort Analysis, Petra Hanson, Maria Lange, Dominic Oduro-Donkor, Emma Shuttlewood, Martin O. Weickert, Harpal S. Randeva, Vinod Menon, Regi T. Alexander, Paul Basset, Rohit Shankar, Tom M. Barber
Peninsula Medical School
Background Psychological stress has an established bi-directional relationship with obesity. Mindfulness techniques reduce stress and improve eating behaviours, but their long-term impact remains untested. CALMPOD (Compassionate Approach to Living Mindfully for Prevention of Disease) is a psychoeducational mindfulness-based course evidenced to improve eating patterns across a 6-month period, possibly by reducing stress. However, no long-term evaluation of impact exists. Aims This study retrospectively evaluates 2-year outcomes of CALMPOD on patient engagement, weight and metabolic markers. Method All adults with a body mass index >35 kg/m2 attending an UK obesity service during 2016-2020 were offered CALMPOD. Those who refused CALMPOD were …
A New Species Of Coelometopon Janssens From The Wild Coast Of South Africa (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae), D Bilton, Mc Mlambo
A New Species Of Coelometopon Janssens From The Wild Coast Of South Africa (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae), D Bilton, Mc Mlambo
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Coelometopon riberae sp. nov. is described from Mkambati Nature Reserve, on the Wild Coast Region of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Notes are provided to distinguish the new species from other members of this strictly madicolous genus.
Retinal Microvascular Dysfunction Occurs Early And Similarly In Mild Alzheimer’S Disease And Primary-Open Angle Glaucoma Patients, Stephanie Mroczkowska, Hala Shokr, A Benavente-Perez, Anil Negi, Peter Bentham, Doina Gherghel
Retinal Microvascular Dysfunction Occurs Early And Similarly In Mild Alzheimer’S Disease And Primary-Open Angle Glaucoma Patients, Stephanie Mroczkowska, Hala Shokr, A Benavente-Perez, Anil Negi, Peter Bentham, Doina Gherghel
School of Health Professions
Purpose: To assess the similarities and differences in retinal microvascular function between mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, early-stage primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and healthy controls. Methods: Retinal vessel reactivity to flickering light was assessed in 10 AD, 19 POAG and 20 healthy age matched control patients by means of dynamic retinal vessel analysis (DVA, IMEDOS, GmbH, Jena, Germany) according to an established protocol. All patients additionally underwent BP measurements and blood analysis for glucose and lipid metabolism markers. Results: AD and POAG patients demonstrated comparable alterations in retinal artery reactivity, in the form of an increased arterial reaction …
Loss Of Reef Roughness Increases Residence Time On An Idealized Coral Reef, M Lindhart
Loss Of Reef Roughness Increases Residence Time On An Idealized Coral Reef, M Lindhart
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
AbstractThrough idealized, numerical models this paper investigates flows on a reef geometry which has received significant attention in the literature; a shallow, fringing reef with deeper, shore-ward pools or lagoons. Given identical model geometries and varying only reef flat drag coefficients between model runs ($$C_D = [0.001,0.005,0.01,0.05,0.1]$$ C D = [ 0.001 , 0.005 , 0.01 , 0.05 , 0.1 ] ), two distinct circulation patterns emerge. One is related to low reef water levels and high roughness, and efficiently flushes the entire reef system resulting in low residence times (an ‘open reef’). The other is related to high reef …
Under The Influence Of Light: How Light Pollution Disrupts Personality And Metabolism In Hermit Crabs, M. Velasque, J. A. Denton, M. Briffa
Under The Influence Of Light: How Light Pollution Disrupts Personality And Metabolism In Hermit Crabs, M. Velasque, J. A. Denton, M. Briffa
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Anthropogenic disturbances are known to cause significant physiological and behavioural changes in animals and, thus, are the critical focus of numerous studies. Light pollution is an increasingly recognised source of disturbance that has the potential to impact animal physiology and behaviour. Here, we investigate the effect of constant light on a personality trait and metabolic rate in the European hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus. We used Bayesian mixed models to estimate average behavioural change (i.e. sample mean level behavioural plasticity) and between- and within-individual variation in boldness in response to laboratory light. Hermit crabs experiencing constant light were consistently less bold …
Selective Foraging Behavior Of Seabirds In Small‐Scale Slicks, Lilian Lieber, Cynthia Füchtencordsjürgen, Rebecca L. Hilder, Paula J. Revering, Ina Siekmann, Roland Langrock, Wam Nimmo‐Smith
Selective Foraging Behavior Of Seabirds In Small‐Scale Slicks, Lilian Lieber, Cynthia Füchtencordsjürgen, Rebecca L. Hilder, Paula J. Revering, Ina Siekmann, Roland Langrock, Wam Nimmo‐Smith
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Marine predator foraging opportunities are often driven by dynamic physical processes enhancing prey accessibility. Surface slicks are ubiquitous yet ephemeral ocean features where convergent flows accumulate flotsam, concentrating marine organisms and pollutants. Slicks can manifest on the sea surface as meandering lines and seabirds often associate with slicks. Yet, how slicks may influence the fine-scale foraging behavior of seabirds is only coarsely resolved. Here we show that seabirds selectively forage in small-scale slicks. We used aerial drone technology to track surface-foraging terns (Sternidae, 107 tracks) over evolving slicks advected by the mean flow and reshaped by localized turbulence at scales …