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The Determination Of Calcium-Magnesium Ratios In Sedimentary Rocks, Donald C. Boardman Jan 1953

The Determination Of Calcium-Magnesium Ratios In Sedimentary Rocks, Donald C. Boardman

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The study of elastic sediments has been basic work for most geologists. Field descriptions tell the kind of rock, its color, its texture, how it is bedded, and its mineral and organic content. In the laboratory more exact mechanical and mineralogical analyses are made to add to the statistics. Among the laboratory analyses insoluble residue studies have been a valuable tool in research on the clastic sediments and the analysis of samples to determine the insoluble percentages has been systematized so that highly skilled technicians are not required to perform most of the work. As a result many thousands of …

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Depth Studies Of The Wisconsin Loess In Southwestern Iowa: I. Particle-Size And In-Place Density, D. T. Davidson, R. L. Handy, T. Y. Chu Jan 1953

Depth Studies Of The Wisconsin Loess In Southwestern Iowa: I. Particle-Size And In-Place Density, D. T. Davidson, R. L. Handy, T. Y. Chu

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The Soil Research Laboratory of the Iowa Engineering Experiment Station has been studying areal and stratigraphic variations in properties of the Wisconsin (Peorian) loess in southwestern Iowa since September, 1950. The information on loess properties is being utilized in soil stabilization studies now in progress. A paper presented before the Geology Section of the Iowa Academy of Science in 1952 (1) discussed the distribution of and some property variations in the Wisconsin loess in the southwestern Iowa area shown by Figure 1. While last year's paper presented some depth data, the main emphasis was on areal property variations. More detailed …

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Cation Exchange Capacity Of The Clay Fraction Of Loess In Southwestern Iowa, D. T. Davidson, J. B. Sheeler Jan 1953

Cation Exchange Capacity Of The Clay Fraction Of Loess In Southwestern Iowa, D. T. Davidson, J. B. Sheeler

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The cation exchange capacity of clay-size material extracted from soil with a low organic matter content is largely dependent on the kinds of clay minerals present. If the extracted clay is composed mostly of one kind of clay mineral, the exchange capacity will indicate what that mineral is. This paper reports on cation exchange capacity determinations made on the minus 2 micron clay-size range of selected samples of loess from the southwestern Iowa area.

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Devonian Outlier In Jackson County, Iowa, Fred H. Dorheim Jan 1953

Devonian Outlier In Jackson County, Iowa, Fred H. Dorheim

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Recent grading of a road in Jackson county, Iowa, led to the uncovering and subsequent discovery of an outlier of Devonian limestone. This outlier was first noted while the author was searching for a suitable quarry site in Jackson County, southeast of Maquoketa. The area is located south of center section 33 Maquoketa Township, just about one-fourth mile north of the Clinton-Jackson county line. With the exception of an area along the Mississippi River and a smaller area around the town of Preston, where Ordovician rocks are exposed, Jackson County is underlain by Silurian dolomites of the Niagara Series. Other …

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On The Curious Resemblance Between Fly Ash And Meteoritic Dust, R. L. Handy, D. T. Davidson Jan 1953

On The Curious Resemblance Between Fly Ash And Meteoritic Dust, R. L. Handy, D. T. Davidson

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

This paper is a discussion of W. J. Thomsen's prize-winning paper presented to the Geology Section of the Iowa Academy of Science in 1952 and entitled "The Annual Contribution of Meteoritic Dust to the Mass of the Earth" (1). The present paper presents evidence that Thomsen's unusually high estimate for the annual deposition of meteoritic dust may be due to the presence of fly-ash in the magnetic dust samples he collected.

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Profile Properties Of Some Loess-Derived Brunizem Soils Of Southeastern Iowa, R. Hunter, F. F. Riecken, J. E. Mcclelland Jan 1953

Profile Properties Of Some Loess-Derived Brunizem Soils Of Southeastern Iowa, R. Hunter, F. F. Riecken, J. E. Mcclelland

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Brown (1936, p 18) summarized the information up to 1936 on the geography and classification of the prairie loess-derived soils of southeastern Iowa. The Tama and Grundy were the major series recognized. Field studies since 1942 indicated there was a need to revise the concept of these series. The present paper presents some data on selected profiles formerly classed with these series.

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Determination Of Altitude With The Aneroid Barometer, C. W. Lane, J. B. Cooper Jan 1953

Determination Of Altitude With The Aneroid Barometer, C. W. Lane, J. B. Cooper

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

As an integral part of its program of geologic and ground-water studies, the Iowa Geological Survey in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey has for many years systematically collected and analyzed drill cuttings and related information from water wells and other boreholes drilled throughout Iowa. The usefulness of these data is increased greatly by determining the exact location and land-surface altitude of the well sites. As most well samples are collected at approximately 5-foot intervals during the drilling operation and as depth measurements by many well drillers are not precise, land-surface altitudes having an accuracy of 5 feet are …

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A Disturbed Buried Gumhotil Soil Profile In Jefferson County, Iowa, George M. Schafer Jan 1953

A Disturbed Buried Gumhotil Soil Profile In Jefferson County, Iowa, George M. Schafer

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

During the progress of the soil survey of Jefferson County, Iowa observations of the Kansan gumbotil and the overlying loess have revealed a limited number of locations in this county and in adjacent Van Buren County in which there is a very uneven boundary between these two materials. This deformation of the gumbotil and loess contact appears to be attributable to periglacial conditions prevalent during a part of the Pleistocene.

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Geology Of The Tertiary Sediments In The Northwestern End Of The Wind River Basin, Wendell D. Weart Jan 1953

Geology Of The Tertiary Sediments In The Northwestern End Of The Wind River Basin, Wendell D. Weart

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The lithology of the majority of the beds of the northwestern end of the Wind River Basin varies greatly within short distances. A few individual beds retain their character over a comparatively large area. These beds were traced for more than ten miles along the north side of Wind River Valley. The topography of the area is strikingly different at various locations, due to glaciation, changes in lithology, and elevation above the Wind River. Eleven stratigraphic sections were carefully measured and described. These sections were correlated on the basis of trigonometric projection, Stratigraphic sequence, and lithologic similarity. Measurements and traverses …

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Subsoil Textural Variations On The Clarionwebster Experimental Farm As Related To The Mankato Glacial Deposit, Everett M. White Jan 1953

Subsoil Textural Variations On The Clarionwebster Experimental Farm As Related To The Mankato Glacial Deposit, Everett M. White

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The Clarion-Webster Experimental Farm is an 80-acre experimental farm of Iowa State College located 1 mile south of Kanawha, Iowa (WY2 SWYJ, Sec. 34, T94N, R25W, Hancock County). A detailed soil map was made to determine the uniformity of the soils and the subsoil material. The map was constructed from the results of auger borings, 54 to 60 inches deep, located at the corners of a 50-foot square grid laid out on the tract. Thus, there were more than 1,000 borings made on the 80 acres.

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Properties Of Five Iowa Fine Sands, W. W. Williams, D. T. Davidson, T. Y. Chu Jan 1953

Properties Of Five Iowa Fine Sands, W. W. Williams, D. T. Davidson, T. Y. Chu

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Today a major problem in the State of Iowa is the development of substitute materials which can be used in place of the rapidly diminishing supplies of readily available gravel and rock surfacing materials for roads and streets. The materials now available are not evenly distributed throughout the state, and the rate at which they are being used indicates that it will soon be necessary to turn to materials which are not now considered suitable. One such material is fine sand, commonly discarded by gravel plants as waste. Fine sand is readily available in almost every section of the state. …

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Bedrock Geology Of Western Story County, Iowa, L. Zimmerman, L. A. Thomas Jan 1953

Bedrock Geology Of Western Story County, Iowa, L. Zimmerman, L. A. Thomas

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In Story County the glacial drift rests directly upon both Pennsylvanian and Mississippian rocks. The Pennsylvanian, as now known from outcrops and well borings, is limited to the Cherokee group. The Mississippian rocks known to directly underlie the drift are assigned to the following formations, in descending order, the St. Louis, Warsaw, Keokuk, Gilmore City, and the Hampton. Although it is highly probably that the Burlington formation, stratigraphically between the Keokuk and the Gilmore City, also underlies the drift, no evidence of it has as yet been recognized. The St. Louis and the Warsaw are the only exposed Mississippian formations.

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Generalizations Of Continuity, Buchanan Cargal Jan 1953

Generalizations Of Continuity, Buchanan Cargal

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Let X be a Hausdorff space in which each neighborhood an inexhaustible set (a set of Baire's second category), and let {N} denote the system of neighborhoods in X. Thus N (x) is a neighborhood of the element x. Let Y be a regular separable Hausdorff space and let {M} denote the system of neighborhoods in Y. If f is a function on X into Y and ξ is a point of X, then f is continuous at ξ if for every M(f(ξ)) and for every N(ξ), the set N(ξ) E[x:f (x) εM (f (ξ))] contains ξ as an …

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Navigation Instruction Of Naval Officer Candidates, John O. Chellevold Jan 1953

Navigation Instruction Of Naval Officer Candidates, John O. Chellevold

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The title of this paper has appeared in two forms. First as "Mathematics of Navigation" and then as given above. We shall limit the presentation to a discussion of some topics in mathematics which the Naval Officer Candidate has need of, most of them wish they had been exposed to, or which are required for an understanding of navigation. These remarks are based on several years’ experience with Midshipmen during World War II and four summers with the Navigation Department of Reserve Officer Candidate School beginning in the summer of 1949. Our thinking is directed largely to surface navigation but …

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The Path And Orbit Of The South Dakota Detonating Meteor Of September 27, 1952, C. C. Wylie, George E. Collins Jan 1953

The Path And Orbit Of The South Dakota Detonating Meteor Of September 27, 1952, C. C. Wylie, George E. Collins

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The meteor of September 27, 1952, attracted more attention than any other falling in the Middle West in the last few years. Over 600 letters were received by the university directly from persons in Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota, Missouri, Illinois, and Wisconsin. About 100 additional letters which were sent first to the Universities of Wisconsin, Nebraska, and South Dakota were forwarded to us making a total of more than 700. A majority of the observers compared the light of the meteor to that of the full moon in brightness. A few near the end point said, "It seemed as …

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Response Defined Anxiety And Mmpi Variables, Harold P. Bechtoldt Jan 1953

Response Defined Anxiety And Mmpi Variables, Harold P. Bechtoldt

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The manifest anxiety scale recently constructed by Janet Taylor (7) is one of a few self-rating questionnaires to exhibit significant relations with non-verbal behaviors in a variety of controlled laboratory situations. In general, the relations obtained with the A-scale, as it will be referred to, were consistent with predictions made in terms of a theoretical construct of drive defined in response terms as covariant with A-scale scores. In view of the rarity of such sets of relations, further investigation of the A-scale was indicated. An explanation of the source of the successful predictions might be found, first, in the uniqueness …

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Motor Learning In College Students And Mental Defectives, Robert F. Boldt Jan 1953

Motor Learning In College Students And Mental Defectives, Robert F. Boldt

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

One criticism of modern behavior theory is that it has not been tested over a wide range of human differences. Without experimental evidence, one cannot be sure that manipulations which produce effects observable in college students, for example, will produce similar effects over a wide range of human differences. However, theories are often tested on college students. Consequently, there is a need for evidence that effects observed in the performance of college students may be observed in other groups. The main purpose of the present study is to test whether certain experimental variables produce similar effects over two individual difference …

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Identification And Measurement Of The Arithmetical Concepts And Abilities Of Pre-School And Primary Grade School Children, Thomas E. Hannum Jan 1953

Identification And Measurement Of The Arithmetical Concepts And Abilities Of Pre-School And Primary Grade School Children, Thomas E. Hannum

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

A recent trend in elementary education has been the development of readiness programs. Reading readiness programs have proved their value and have been widely accepted by most educators. Programs of readiness for arithmetic are considered to be similarly important, but are developing more slowly. An arithmetic readiness program requires some method of measuring a child's level of competence in numerical skills and abilities prior to the introduction of teaching arithmetic. No satisfactory instrument has been constructed and standardized for use with children varying from the pre-school to the second-grade level. The primary purpose of this investigation was to construct and …

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Age And Sex Differences In Performance In Motility And Strength Tests, R. N. Kjerland Jan 1953

Age And Sex Differences In Performance In Motility And Strength Tests, R. N. Kjerland

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Ream (7) defines motility as the fundamental capacity for speed in a simple repeated movement. As a measure of motility the tapping test has several advantages. The test is simple, objective and easily given and quickly learned. It has the advantage of motivating the observer to do his best. In a review of earlier studies, Wells (10) concludes that the performance of boys is faster than girls and that sex differences increase with age. He predicts a consistent superiority of men over women in speed of movement as so measured. These two psychometric tests are assumed to be of interest …

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A Note On Color Nomenclature, A. R. Lauer Jan 1953

A Note On Color Nomenclature, A. R. Lauer

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Students in advanced psychology are not adequately grounded in the fundamental principles of color. This is due in part to loose terminology of color concepts, and partly to the failure of instructors to make clear the exact nature of results obtained from mixing colored pigments as compared with mixing colored lights. Even among authorities in the field there is a tendency to fit experimental data to pre-existing theories, a practice which does not help make the facts clear to a beginning student of color who reads widely. More recently Munsell (8) has developed a very excellent system of color nomenclature …

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Comparison Of Direct-Vision And Mirror-Vision Performance On A Pursuit Rotor, Don Lewis Jan 1953

Comparison Of Direct-Vision And Mirror-Vision Performance On A Pursuit Rotor, Don Lewis

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

As part of an extensive investigation of the underlying variables in complex perceptual-motor performance, 35 male subjects were given practice under usual conditions on a Koerth-type pursuit rotor, and several days later practiced on the same unit at a slower speed with mirror-vision. The speed of the rotor for conventional direct-vision performance was 60 r.p.m. and for mirror-vision was 15 r.p.m. For direct-vision, the lengths of the work and rest periods were 10 and 20 sec., respectively, and for mirror-vision, 30 and 30 sec. Thirty trials of conventional practice were given, with a two minute break after trial 15. The …

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The Effect Of A Shift In Time Of Deprivation Upon Performance In Instrumental Learning, Charles K. Ramond Jan 1953

The Effect Of A Shift In Time Of Deprivation Upon Performance In Instrumental Learning, Charles K. Ramond

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Behavior has often been found to be a positive function of the strength of the hunger drive (D), where the latter was defined in terms of hours of food deprivation (Td). Attempts to interpret this relationship have been concerned with two alternatives: either Td determines only D, or Td determines, in addition to D, the amount of learning or habit strength (H) acquired. Characteristic experimental designs have been used to evaluate these alternative explanations. In one set of experiments (2, 4, 5, 8, 11, 12), after an initial period of constant drive, responses are observed in a test period during …

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Marital Status And Car Ownership As Related To Sex Differences In Traffic Accidents And Violations In A Two-Year Period, Charles F. Schumacher, A. R. Lauer Jan 1953

Marital Status And Car Ownership As Related To Sex Differences In Traffic Accidents And Violations In A Two-Year Period, Charles F. Schumacher, A. R. Lauer

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

On the basis of considerable previous work in the collection and tabulation of motor vehicle accidents and traffic violations, the hypothesis that women are better accident risks than men has come to be widely accepted. According to Lauer (3) even when corrections are made for age and amount of driving exposure, women have fewer reported accidents and violations than men. Using this past information as a basis of approach, the present study was made in order to determine if the same relationships hold when the additional factors of marital status and car ownership are considered. Instead of asking questions of …

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A Preliminary Report Of Accident Characteristics Of Iowa Drivers, Elmer B. Siebrecht Jan 1953

A Preliminary Report Of Accident Characteristics Of Iowa Drivers, Elmer B. Siebrecht

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

By implication this is a progress report of a study of the driving population of the State of Iowa. The problem is the identification of driving and accident characteristics of motor vehicle operators with reference to such factors as age, sex, mileage driven, and time of day when most driving is done. The need for such a study becomes apparent when one notes the lack of information regarding the driving and accident patterns of motor vehicle operators at the various ages, and when one observes the current practice of generalizing from group data regarding accident involvement of specific age groups …

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New Evidence Of A Favorability Effect Upon Scores On The Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, Elaine Taylor, I. E. Farber, R. P. Farber Jan 1953

New Evidence Of A Favorability Effect Upon Scores On The Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, Elaine Taylor, I. E. Farber, R. P. Farber

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

It has been recently suggested that scores on Dr. Janet Taylor's Manifest Anxiety Scale (6) may be influenced by a favorability factor. This factor involves the social evaluation of an item by a subject and his attempt to answer the item in such a manner as to place himself in a socially favorable light. Such a response set may cause a subject to select an item, not only for its adequacy as a description of himself, but also because it may make him look well.

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Differential Effects Of Age Upon Intellectual Functions Differing In Degree Of Genetic Conditioning, D. Thomas Jan 1953

Differential Effects Of Age Upon Intellectual Functions Differing In Degree Of Genetic Conditioning, D. Thomas

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

It seems to be relatively well established by such investigators as Jones and Conrad (2), Miles and Miles (4), Lorge (3), Wechsler (5), Weisenberg, Roe and McBride (6), and Foulds and Raven (1), that age does have a differential effect upon various intellectual functions. Whereas this knowledge has already been utilized in the detection of intellectual deterioration, the etiology involved is still somewhat obscure. Various writers, such as Wechsler (5), have implied that the function which withstand the assaults of age best are habitual and informational in character and that those which show the earliest decrements involve problem solving and …

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Influence Of Alcoholic Extract Of Horse Kidney On Eimeria Tenella Infection In Chicks, Elery R. Becker, William J. Zimmerman Jan 1953

Influence Of Alcoholic Extract Of Horse Kidney On Eimeria Tenella Infection In Chicks, Elery R. Becker, William J. Zimmerman

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

"Forssman hapten" is a term applied to a complex antigenic substance which, when injected into rabbits, elicits the production of a serum antibody that is capable of hemolyzing sheep erythrocytes in the presence of complement. The organs of the guinea pig served as the source of the antigen in Forssman's original experiments, but it is known to occur in a considerable number of other living organisms. The kidney of the horse is a particularly good source of true forssman hapten (Brunius, 1936). It has been shown that alcoholic extract of horse kidney, made according to the method which Brunius found …

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Morphological Identification Of Free-Living Amoebida, Eugene Cleveland Bovee Jan 1953

Morphological Identification Of Free-Living Amoebida, Eugene Cleveland Bovee

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

One of the knottiest problems in zoology is the specific identification of naked, free-living amoebas of the order Amoebida. Usual methods of taxonomic identification, i.e. easily distinguishable morphological contours of sufficient permancy seem to be lacking in them. Schaeffer (1926), amongst others, points out that such a creature as "the amoeba," does not exist. He speculates, perhaps rightly, that the naked, free-living amoebas are of polyphyletic origin, and that to attempt to classify them phylogentically is virtually impossible. The supposed "simplicity" of amoebas, because of their resemblance to the "basic cell," has given credence to the belief that there is …

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Ecology Of The Raccoon In Central Iowa, J. L. Cabalka, R. R. Costa, G. O. Hendrickson Jan 1953

Ecology Of The Raccoon In Central Iowa, J. L. Cabalka, R. R. Costa, G. O. Hendrickson

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The marked increase of the Upper Mississippi Valley raccoon (Procyon lotor hirtus N. and G.) in Iowa during recent years is well-known. Sanderson (1951) and recent releases by the Iowa State Conservation Commission suggest a yearly average of about three or four times as many raccoons during the decade 1943-'52 as in the period 1933-'42. The general opinion of hunters and trappers was that such increases were apparent also in Story County, of central Iowa. From raccoon family track and other "signs along streams Costa and Hendrickson estimated roughly two family groups of raccoons to the mile, or approximately …

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Use Of Gill Nets In Studying Fish Populations, Clear Lake, Iowa, Kenneth D. Carlander Jan 1953

Use Of Gill Nets In Studying Fish Populations, Clear Lake, Iowa, Kenneth D. Carlander

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Gill nets are among the most effective gear for collecting many species of lake fishes. In scientific investigations we usually use gill nets with several sizes of mesh to sample fish of various sizes. The standard experimental gill net usually consists of 25-foot lengths of the following stretch measure mesh sizes: 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, and 4 inches. These nets will catch, with little size selection, walleyes and suckers from 6 to 23 inches, and yellow perch, yellow bass, white 'bass, and bullheads from 4.5 inches to their maximum sizes.

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