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Reactivity Of The Halogen In The Isomeric 4- And 4'-Chloroazoxybenzenes, John J. Courtney, Lothar E. Geipel, R. L. Shriner Jan 1955

Reactivity Of The Halogen In The Isomeric 4- And 4'-Chloroazoxybenzenes, John J. Courtney, Lothar E. Geipel, R. L. Shriner

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The relative ease of displacement of a halogen in the benzene ring by anionic reagents is markedly influenced by the character of other substituents in the ring. A thorough survey of the literature on these aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions has been given by Bunnett and Zahler (1). These authors discuss the influences exerted by various groups in the ortho, meta and para positions, the effects of different electron donor reagents and variations in experimental conditions. Since no data are available concerning the effect of the azoxy group, it was desirable to synthesize some chloro-substituted aromatic azoxy compounds and compare them …

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Oxygen18 As Tracer In The Catalytic Decomposition Of Potassium Chlorate, F. E. Brown, J. D. Woods Jan 1955

Oxygen18 As Tracer In The Catalytic Decomposition Of Potassium Chlorate, F. E. Brown, J. D. Woods

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

There is evidence that the catalytic action of manganese on the decomposition of potassium chlorate involves an alternate oxidation and reduction of the manganese. This evidence can be tested by enriching the oxygen of the catalyst with oxygen18 isotope. Oxygen liberated from chlorate decomposition with an enriched catalyst should contain oxygen18. Recently Forkushima et al (1) carried out a similar experiment. They enriched potassium chlorate with oxygen18 and decomposed it with Mn02.H20 containing ordinary oxygen. Water was formed from successive portions of the liberated oxygen. The density of this water was less than …

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Fine Sands In East-Central Iowa, A. E. Wickstrom, K. A. Riggs Jr., D. T. Davidson Jan 1955

Fine Sands In East-Central Iowa, A. E. Wickstrom, K. A. Riggs Jr., D. T. Davidson

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

General information on fine sand near the Iowan drift border in east-central Iowa is available in previous work (5) on soils and geologic deposits. Since little detailed work on engineering and geological properties has been done on these sands, the Iowa Engineering Experiment Station is now making such a study. The objectives of the first phase of the. study are: (1) to determine the occurrence of sand deposits considered economically workable for engineering usage and, (2) to determine properties and property variations of the sands. This report covers the occurrence, method of sampling, field description, classification, and particle size analysis …

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The Iowan Terrace And Terrace Soils Of The Nishnabotna Valley In Western Iowa, J. F. Corliss, R. V. Ruhe Jan 1955

The Iowan Terrace And Terrace Soils Of The Nishnabotna Valley In Western Iowa, J. F. Corliss, R. V. Ruhe

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Smith and Riecken (1947) in their revision of the Iowan-drift border in northwestern Iowan, extended a sublobe of the Iowandrift southward to near Roselle and Halbur in Carroll County. During field studies in Carroll County in 1953, the margin of the Iowan-drift sublobe was found to extend as far southward as Manning and Templeton in Carroll County (Figure 1). The Iowan drift is delineated from the loess-mantled Kansan drift on the basis of four lines of evidence: (1) in topographic positions that preclude significant erosion on the Iowan-drift surface, calcareous loess overlies calcareous till. (2) In topographic positions that preclude …

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A New Outcrop Of The Rockville Conglomerate, Sherwood D. Tuttle, Richard C. Northup Jan 1955

A New Outcrop Of The Rockville Conglomerate, Sherwood D. Tuttle, Richard C. Northup

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

During the summer of 1953, an outcrop of ferruginous pebble conglomerate was found in central Jones county, Iowa. This outcrop is located about three miles north of the town of Olin, along the eastern edge of Iowa Highway 38 between Olin and the junction of Highways 38 and 64. It is near the center of the SE¼ of section 25, T. 84 N., R. 3W. (Jackson Township) Jones County. Topographically, it occurs about midway up the gentle north side of the valley of the Wapsipinicon River. The rock at this locality extends horizontally for about thirty feet and has about …

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Beams Of Uniform Strength Subjected To Uniformly Distributed Load, J. P. Li, W. A. Gross Jan 1955

Beams Of Uniform Strength Subjected To Uniformly Distributed Load, J. P. Li, W. A. Gross

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Beams with uniform strength subjected only to bending have the same maximum flexural stress at any cross section. Blasius, 1914, Gaede, 1937, and Opatowski, 1945, have included weight of the beam in establishing relations and giving solutions to particular cases. Additional results are provided here.

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Bending Of A Rectangular Plate With Even And Odd Order Of Boundary Conditions, J. P. Li Jan 1955

Bending Of A Rectangular Plate With Even And Odd Order Of Boundary Conditions, J. P. Li

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The problem of bending of a rectangular plate with clamped edges has attracted attention of authors for many years but exact solutions have never been obtained. The difficulty arises from the fact that there is no simple procedure for selecting a proper deflection function that will satisfy both the differential equation of bending and the specified boundary conditions. The only exception occurs when two opposite edges of a rectangular plate are simply supported. In such a case, a simple solution either in the form of a single series as proposed by Levy, or in the form of a double series …

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The Generality Of Level Of Aspiration In Three Areas Of Endeavor, Mary Catherine Hampton, Charles F. Haner Jan 1955

The Generality Of Level Of Aspiration In Three Areas Of Endeavor, Mary Catherine Hampton, Charles F. Haner

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

A number of studies, Frank (2), Gardner (3) and Gould (4), have been concerned with the generality of level of aspiration. In these investigations the subject's level of aspiration on several tasks was measured and various indicies of generality computed. Correlations of aspiration scores ranged from .04 to 70. The primary considerations involved in selecting the tasks the subject performed in these investigations were that they be relatively independent of each other and provide for reliable measurement. Most of them were motor or speed of reaction tasks as card sorting, throwing quoits, cancellation, and digit symbols. Different response measures were …

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The Effects Of Frequency Of Usage On Pre-Recognition Responses And Recognition Thresholds Of Words, Charles D. Smock Jan 1955

The Effects Of Frequency Of Usage On Pre-Recognition Responses And Recognition Thresholds Of Words, Charles D. Smock

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Tachistoscopic presentation of words has been widely used in the study of the relationship between personality variables and perception. The procedure is to present words drawn from relevant meaning classes, such as needs or values, for· increasing periods of exposure until the S is able to correctly identify the stimulus words. The results of several such experiments (3, 4, 8, 10) lend support to the view that personality factors are important determiners of an individual’s sensitivity to visually presented stimuli. However, since most of these studies have used verbal report as the index of perceptual sensitivity, many investigators have become …

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A Re-Evaluation Of The Auditory "Dead Time Constant", Charles D. Parker, Earl D. Schubert Jan 1955

A Re-Evaluation Of The Auditory "Dead Time Constant", Charles D. Parker, Earl D. Schubert

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Cherry (1953) and Cherry and Taylor (1954) reported that a message fed alternately to the two ears can become unintelligible at certain switching rates even though all the speech is physically present at either one ear or the other. Particularly interesting was the reported relation between "recognition time," switching rate and intelligibility. Cherry and Taylor state that there is a time interval, τ, which has the nature of a "dead time constant" during which nothing of the signal is perceived at either ear. Minimum intelligibility occurred for them at a switching rate of three per second, consequently τ is calculated …

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Is Academic Survival In Engineering Related To Freshman Speed And Comprehension In Reading?, James E. Mccoy, Martin F. Fritz Jan 1955

Is Academic Survival In Engineering Related To Freshman Speed And Comprehension In Reading?, James E. Mccoy, Martin F. Fritz

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not a relationship exists between Freshman speed and comprehension in reading and fourth year engineering matriculation over and above the contribution to be expected from the American Council on Education Psychological Examination (ACE). In other words, does a reading test contribute something to the prediction of engineering success not already found in the ACE?

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The Role Of Different Sets Of Verbal Cues In Six-Choice Reaction Time, William Lowe Jan 1955

The Role Of Different Sets Of Verbal Cues In Six-Choice Reaction Time, William Lowe

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

McAllister (2) recently offered an explanation for the subsequent superior performance on the Star Discrimeter of Ss given relevant-S-R pretraining over Ss given relevant-S pretraining. She further proposed that because of previous learning, different relevantS-R pretraining would lead to differential facilitation. This differential facilitation would occur for two reasons. First, verbal responses serve as cues, which, through past learning (plus instructions), elicit responses which furnish information concerning the correct motor responses. Since the past learning would, presumably, be different for various types of verbal responses this variation would lead to differential facilitation. Second, if in previous learning situations response strength …

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The Relative Permanence Of The Decrement In Motor Performance After Practice Under Massed Conditions, Robert Seibel Jan 1955

The Relative Permanence Of The Decrement In Motor Performance After Practice Under Massed Conditions, Robert Seibel

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Several studies have shown that on a motor task the performance of a group practicing under relatively massed conditions is poorer than the performance of a group practicing under distributed conditions. Subsequent to rest, the performance of the massed-practice group is nearer the level of the distributed-practice group, but a residual difference remains (hereinafter referred to as residual difference) no matter how long the rest period is. However, a study by Bilodeau (3) obtained results which are interpreted as indicating the lack of such residual difference. After overnight rests the initial rate of responding on each of ten days was …

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Socio-Economic Status Of A Sample Of Rural Future Teachers Compared With Status Of Rural Pupils In School, William H. Dreier Jan 1955

Socio-Economic Status Of A Sample Of Rural Future Teachers Compared With Status Of Rural Pupils In School, William H. Dreier

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Within the past ten years p5ychologists have seen more and more evidence from their research that the influence of social class of the school pupil may be as important in determining the success of the individual child as is his mental age, his chronological age, his physical development and his emotional stability. Eells, Davis, Havighurst, Herrick and Tyler (1) have presented this kind of information. Of special importance to the teacher as she considers the problem of classroom motivation is the wide differences which have been found between the social class of the teacher and the majority of her pupils. …

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Evaluation Of Techniques In Estimating A Mearns Cottontail Population, Charles W. Crunden, George O. Hendrickson Jan 1955

Evaluation Of Techniques In Estimating A Mearns Cottontail Population, Charles W. Crunden, George O. Hendrickson

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Field research to obtain information on the productivity and population of Mearns cottontail was conducted from June 17 to December 4, 1953. The study area of about 80 acres was part of a dairy farm, Section 13, Woodland Township, Decatur County, a central southernmost cm~nty of Iowa. The plant cover consisted of alfalfa 30 acres, oats 20, pastured grasses 10 acres, fallow forbs 10 acres, and trees and shrubs, chiefly along fence lines and gullies, 10 acres. The precipitation of 13 inches during the period, little more than one-half the normal, reduced the plant growth considerably. Reduction in cover through …

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French Zoology In The Twentieth Century, Louis Gallien Jan 1955

French Zoology In The Twentieth Century, Louis Gallien

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

It is a great privilege for me to be called upon to give this lecture at your meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science. I am most thankful for the invitation and cordial reception which you have tendered tome. I should like to present to you a short aperçu of the development of Zoology in France, during the first part of the present century. It seems to me that such a review must not only treat of the men, institutions and works which arose during this period in zoology, but should also, and more generally, show how the major events …

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Notes On The Morphology And Classification Of The Sarcophagidae And Other Calyptrates (Diptera)., Wiliam L. Downes Jr. Jan 1955

Notes On The Morphology And Classification Of The Sarcophagidae And Other Calyptrates (Diptera)., Wiliam L. Downes Jr.

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The application and correlation of recently discovered characters with others already in use in the Sarcophagidae clarify some problems of relationship among the major divisions of this family. The Agriini, including Wohlfahrtia, may be much more accurately defined, and may be shown to be very closely related to the Miltogramminae, but not so closely related to the Sarcophaginae with which they are often associated. Below tribal level relationships are still obscure, although certain natural groups are roughly recognizable. Published studies presenting more detailed phylogenetic systems for these lower levels can be shown to be untenable on the basis of recent …

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Some Responses Made By Ten Duck Hosts Inoculated With Phanerozoite Stages Of Plasmodium Lophurae, Delma E. Harding Jan 1955

Some Responses Made By Ten Duck Hosts Inoculated With Phanerozoite Stages Of Plasmodium Lophurae, Delma E. Harding

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Ten White Pekin ducks were inoculated with phanerozoite stages of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium lophurae, to determine what responses might be made by the host tissues. The ducks were brought to the laboratory when one day old, and placed on a regular feed starter. This was the only ration given to them during the course of the experiment. Inoculum for the duck hosts was made from a saline emulsion of two turkey brains whose blood smears had indicated that no malarial-infected red blood cells were present in the general circulation. If such were present, they were not seen. An examination …

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Fishes Of Little Wall Lake, Iowa Prior To Dredging, Kenneth D. Carlander, George Sprugel Jr. Jan 1955

Fishes Of Little Wall Lake, Iowa Prior To Dredging, Kenneth D. Carlander, George Sprugel Jr.

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Little Wall Lake, in Hamilton County (R 24W, T 86N, Sec. 9, 10, 15 and 16), is a shallow prairie lake of approximately 273 acres (Iowa State Conservation Commission, 1952, p. 158). The lake has been dry a number of times since the white man came. It is reported to have been dry in 1892, 1904-05, and 1936-41. In 1953 the Iowa State Conservation Commission dredged about 65 acres thereby providing an area of deeper water for recreational purposes. The present paper summarizes the observations which have been made on the fish populations of the lake from the time it …

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Weather Factors And The Timing Of Evening Roosting Flights Of Grackles And Starlings At Ames, Iowa, John C. W. Bliese Jan 1955

Weather Factors And The Timing Of Evening Roosting Flights Of Grackles And Starlings At Ames, Iowa, John C. W. Bliese

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

For a number of years, during the summer and fall months, thousands of bronzed grackles, Quiscalus quiscula, and starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, have come from the surrounding countryside each evening to roost in the shade trees in residential areas of Ames, Iowa. Regularly associated with them have been lesser numbers of cowbirds, Molothrus ater, and robins, Turdus migratorius. Beginning with preliminary observations in 1949, the roosting flights of these birds, as well as the features of their roost, were kept under observation until late 1952. Results of the observations on the roost have been given in Bliese and Hendrickson (1952), and …

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Toxicity Of Seven Different Insecticides To Rainbow Trout Salmo Gairdnerii (Richardson), James Mayhew Jan 1955

Toxicity Of Seven Different Insecticides To Rainbow Trout Salmo Gairdnerii (Richardson), James Mayhew

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Today, with the development and use of an increasing number of more potent insecticides there exists a real and potential danger to many forms of wildlife. DDT was the first of these insecticides to be used and it is still very popular and widely applied. Its widespread use on agricultural lands, forests, marshes, and water quickly aroused the interest of persons and agencies who were concerned with the ways in which it might directly or indirectly affect animals other than insects. Most of the studies have been concerned with the toxicity of DDT, but within recent years a number of …

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Phototropic Responses Of Bugula Larvae In The Presence Of Stimulating And Anaesthetic Agents, William F. Lynch Jan 1955

Phototropic Responses Of Bugula Larvae In The Presence Of Stimulating And Anaesthetic Agents, William F. Lynch

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Observations on phototropic responses of the larvae of Bugula neritina and of B. flabellata in the presence of stimulating and anaesthetic agents indicate that the light reactions of these organisms may have a diagnostic value for predicting acceleration or retardation of the rate of metamorphosis. Experiments on B. neritina were conducted at the Bureau of Fisheries, Beaufort, North Carolina; those on B. f labellata, and less extensive observations on B. turrita, were made at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

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Observations On Eimeria From Ambystoma Tigrinum, With Descriptions Of Four New Species, L. H. Saxe Jan 1955

Observations On Eimeria From Ambystoma Tigrinum, With Descriptions Of Four New Species, L. H. Saxe

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

There appear to be only three records of coccidia of the genus Ezmeria from North American Amphibia. Rankin (1937) reported Eimeria ranarum from Ambystoma opacum. Walton (personal communication) says that his record (1942) of Eimeria from Ambystoma is based upon a letter from Dr. Harold Kirby who stated that he had seen E. ranarum from A. opacum. Doran (1953) reported Eimeria grobbeni from Taricha torosa. The author, on several occasions, has noted the presence of coccidian oocysts in the rectal contents of salamanders. Four species of Eimeria have been recognized in material from Ambystoma tigrinum (Green) and will be described …

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Author Index & Subject Index Jan 1955

Author Index & Subject Index

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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A Historical Study Of Forensics At Iowa State Teachers College, 1876-1955, Kenneth E. Andersen Jan 1955

A Historical Study Of Forensics At Iowa State Teachers College, 1876-1955, Kenneth E. Andersen

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

It was the purpose of this study to collect the available materials concerning forensics and other significantly related speech work from the primary sources now existing at the Iowa State Teachers College, to synthesize this material into a unified narrative, and to present this historical record of forensics within the organismic setting of the growth and evolution of the college and of forensics nationally.

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Critical Analyses Of Selected Works Of American Historical Fiction, 1746-1865, For Teaching Purposes In The Seventh Grade, Lois Allene Bergman Jan 1955

Critical Analyses Of Selected Works Of American Historical Fiction, 1746-1865, For Teaching Purposes In The Seventh Grade, Lois Allene Bergman

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Critical analyses of historical fiction for teaching purposes of the type projected in this study have not been available. Some brief bibliographies of historical fiction were available. However they were inadequate for the purpose underlying this study. There has been a need for more extensive analyses of historical fiction. Many teachers have not had training in selecting books of this type. Consequently, they have had to rely upon descriptions too brief to be adequate tor their needs. Hannah Logasa,1 listed Barney's Barges as a story about the American Navy in the War of 1812. Many things happened to that Navy …

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A Pre-Elementary Method For Cornet And Clarinet, James Croft Jan 1955

A Pre-Elementary Method For Cornet And Clarinet, James Croft

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Instrumental music teachers are always searching for a published instructional method that satisfies all the criteria they seek to find in the perfect method. However, no one method can satisfy everyone. Each teacher supplements, with his own ideas, the method which he has found to be the most satisfactory. The author's experience indicated that the greatest amount of supplementing had to be done with the beginning pupils in the elementary grades.

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Factors Associated With The Decision Of College Freshman To Prepare For Teaching And To Attend Iowa State Teachers College, Don Dahlke Jan 1955

Factors Associated With The Decision Of College Freshman To Prepare For Teaching And To Attend Iowa State Teachers College, Don Dahlke

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The teaching personnel constitutes one of the most important elements in the educational system of any country. This fact is especially meaningful to the people of a democratic society, since the people in such a society are responsible for the educational system. The quality of living in a democratic society is significantly dependent upon those persons engaged in teaching.

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Factors Associated With Attendance In The Fifth Grade Of The Osage Independent School, Leland J. Gritzner Jan 1955

Factors Associated With Attendance In The Fifth Grade Of The Osage Independent School, Leland J. Gritzner

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of certain factors to attendance in the .fifth grades of the Osage Elementary Schools. The project will investigate a wide variety of factors which seem of great importance in improving the daily attendance.

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Bismarck And The Triumph Of Kleindeutsch Over Grossdeutsch In The Making Of Germany, Charles J. Hahn Jan 1955

Bismarck And The Triumph Of Kleindeutsch Over Grossdeutsch In The Making Of Germany, Charles J. Hahn

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

It is the purpose of this investigation to determine the reasons why the German state organized on a kleindeutsch basis and the forces which affected this decision. The word kleindeutsch, as it will be used in this investigation, means the territory which comprised Germany in the year 1871 plus the spirit behind the movement to make Germany a state for "pure" Germans. The term grossdeutsch, as it will be used in this investigation, means the territory which comprised Germany in 1871 plus Austria and the spirit behind the movement for one large federal government which might include some non-German people.

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