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The Correlation Between Students' Grades In High School And College Physics, Chester King, John Leist Jan 1927

The Correlation Between Students' Grades In High School And College Physics, Chester King, John Leist

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

This study was undertaken in order to find out to what extent the achievement of a student in college Physics was similar to his achievement in high school Physics. The high school grades for the entire course of Physics were used in comparison to the first semester grades in college Physics. The data covers the records of students who entered college during a period of three years. The total number of students considered was one hundred twenty-one. With this group the formula proposed by Karl Pearson showed the coefficient of correlation to be 0.62. This is considered quite a marked …

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An Objective Approach To The Study Of Certain Emotions, Emily Patterson Jan 1927

An Objective Approach To The Study Of Certain Emotions, Emily Patterson

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Last year a qualitative and quantitative study of the emotions was made, emphasizing those of fear and startle. On theoretical grounds the emotion which seemed naturally to follow these was surprise, for often the emotion of surprise was closely allied in the introspective reports and in the technical procedure of arousing the several emotions. In the literature little is said about surprise. Almost always it is described as a comparatively mild emotion. Watson does not mention it among his primary emotions and few other authors consider it among the important emotions. In popular literature, however, the word is frequently found …

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A Microphotometer For The Study Of Spectograms, I. J. Gwinn Jan 1927

A Microphotometer For The Study Of Spectograms, I. J. Gwinn

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

A modification of Harrison's microphotometer has been developed, following his suggestion, which is used for accurate measurements of line widths on spectrograms. A vertical optical system using microscope lenses focuses the light on a bismuth-silver thermocouple. Accurate readings of length are obtained with a finely constructed micrometer screw. Studies have also been made on the relative intensities of lines on both optical and X-ray spectrograms. The instrument is also of use in testing the uniformity of thin films of metal.

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Thermoelectric Effect In Single Crystals Bismuth, R. W. Boydston Jan 1927

Thermoelectric Effect In Single Crystals Bismuth, R. W. Boydston

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Wires of single crystals of bismuth have been prepared by the Czrokalski method. The crystals so far investigated have been of orientations between 10° and 40°. The variations of the thermoelectric properties with orientation is rather slight in bismuth compared with similar effects in zinc as found by Linder, Grüneisen and Goens, and Bridgman.

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The Phase-Theory As A Time Theory In Sound Localization, Otis C. Trimble Jan 1927

The Phase-Theory As A Time Theory In Sound Localization, Otis C. Trimble

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In a preliminary study of the phenomena of localization by the method of temporal difference of arrival of sound at the two ears, we find results which so nearly coincide with results obtained by Stewart (1) and by Halverson (3) who studied the problem by means of continuous sounds of varying phase relations at the ears, that we feel justified in presenting here the phase-theory as a time-theory in sound localization.

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Molecular Space Array In X-Ray Diffractioin Halos In A Liquid: The Case Of Liquid Normal Primary Alcohols: The Cybotatic State, G. W. Stewart, Roger M. Morrow Jan 1927

Molecular Space Array In X-Ray Diffractioin Halos In A Liquid: The Case Of Liquid Normal Primary Alcohols: The Cybotatic State, G. W. Stewart, Roger M. Morrow

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

For more than a decade (Debye and Scherrer, Nachr. Gesell. Göttingen (1916), p. 6) the X-ray circular diffraction halo in liquids has been known. Doubtless numerous times the suggestion has been made (vide Hewlett, Phys. Rev. 20 (1922), p. 688, and others) that there is in the liquid a spacial arrangement of molecules, probably as fragmentary crystals. But definite evidence of such a structure has been lacking.

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Some Errors In The Use Of Physico-Chemical Concepts In Physiology Of Bacteria, R. E. Buchanan Jan 1927

Some Errors In The Use Of Physico-Chemical Concepts In Physiology Of Bacteria, R. E. Buchanan

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Several erroneous concepts as to the application of certain of the so called laws of physical chemistry to bacteriology are current in the literature pertaining to the physiology of bacteria.

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Photometric Measurements Of The Reflection Factor Of Cotton And Linen Household Materials, Earl C. Mccracken Jan 1927

Photometric Measurements Of The Reflection Factor Of Cotton And Linen Household Materials, Earl C. Mccracken

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

By means of a specially constructed reflectometer measurements have been made on the variation of the reflection factor with different methods of laundering of both cotton and linen household materials. Results show that the method of washing has a decided effect upon the permanency of the whiteness as indicated by the total reflection factor. It was found that special precautions had to be observed in the taking of this particular type of data.

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Measurement Of The Quality Of Water, Jack J. Hinman Jr. Jan 1927

Measurement Of The Quality Of Water, Jack J. Hinman Jr.

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

If the problem of the measurement of the quality of water were as simple as it was once held in the judicial opinion of the Mississippi jurist Doctor Mason tells about, (1) there would not be the slightest excuse for this paper. It was the opinion of the court that any ordinary mortal could judge for himself whether or not a water was satisfactory for drinking purposes.

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The Mode Of Vibration Of The Human Vocal Cords, Wolfgang Metzger Jan 1927

The Mode Of Vibration Of The Human Vocal Cords, Wolfgang Metzger

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Observation: Some of the models of the larynx used since the experiments of Johannes Mueller (when observed through the stroboscope) show transverse and alternate vibration. The question arises as to whether this is the mode of vibration of the real vocal cords or whether they rather vibrate synchronously and more in the lateral than in the transverse direction, as was assumed before.

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Correlation Of Neatness And Scholarship In Physics, George E. Davis Jan 1927

Correlation Of Neatness And Scholarship In Physics, George E. Davis

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

353 reports, written by 33 students in three laboratory sections of junior physics, were graded as to neatness. The average neatness grade and the term laboratory grade for each student were used in a correlation study. For each of the three laboratory sections the correlation coefficient was positive. The coefficient for all 33 students was + 0.27. Although the number of students graded was small, we may conclude that in general we may expect neatness and high grades in physics to be associated. Exceptions to the rule and a low correlation coefficient both definitely indicate that neatness of written reports …

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The Relation Of Certain Medical And Physical Data To Scholastic Success, Frederic S. Beebee Jan 1927

The Relation Of Certain Medical And Physical Data To Scholastic Success, Frederic S. Beebee

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The purpose of this study is to find what factors, if any, in physical development, habits, medical history, medical examination, and physical efficiency are of significance in relation to scholastic standing. It is based on the records of two groups of 1925-1926 male freshmen. The first group was composed of those men receiving the highest grade-point averages in the entire class of nearly 700. The other group was composed of those men in the class receiving the lowest grade-point averages during the same period. The group receiving high averages numbered fifty-two. The group receiving low averages numbered fifty-four. As selected, …

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Officers, Past Presidents, And Members, Iowa Academy Of Science Jan 1927

Officers, Past Presidents, And Members, Iowa Academy Of Science

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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The Synthesis Of Vitamins By Microorganisms, Gertrude Sunderlin, C. H. Werkman Jan 1927

The Synthesis Of Vitamins By Microorganisms, Gertrude Sunderlin, C. H. Werkman

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The synthesis of vitamin B is of general occurrence among microorganisms. Negative results of some investigators may be accounted for by inadequate amounts fed or too limited feeding periods. Our experiments showed the following organisms to elaborate vitamin B when tested by the rat weight test: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torula rosea, Oospora lactis, Bacillus adhaerens, Bacterium coli (three strains), Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mycoides.

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Table Of Contents Jan 1927

Table Of Contents

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Proceedings Of The Forty-First Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science, Held At Iowa City, May 6 And 7, 1927: Minutes Of The Meeting; Staff & Committee Reports Jan 1927

Proceedings Of The Forty-First Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science, Held At Iowa City, May 6 And 7, 1927: Minutes Of The Meeting; Staff & Committee Reports

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Some Physico-Chemical Effects Of Organic Soil Colloids, Walter F. Loehwing Jan 1927

Some Physico-Chemical Effects Of Organic Soil Colloids, Walter F. Loehwing

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

An investigation was undertaken to determine the reason for injurious effects of lime to grains grown on certain acid organic soils which occur in the Great Lakes region. Analyses were made of the soils (table I) and crops (table II) in order to determine if a harmful physical change occurred in the soils after liming or if lime was chemically injurious. The organic soils studied were black, powdery, acid and deficient in potash as shown by the soil analyses. Crop injury following use of lime to correct acidity in these soils is an unexpected response which occurs frequently enough to …

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The Physiographic Ecology Of A Wisconsin Drift Lake, Lois A. Catlin, Ada Hayden Jan 1927

The Physiographic Ecology Of A Wisconsin Drift Lake, Lois A. Catlin, Ada Hayden

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In Iowa, practically all of the swamp land and many of the smaller lakes with which the early pioneers were familiar have been drained and there agricultural crops are grown. Whether the greatest economic benefit may be derived from appropriating for agricultural purposes such a small proportion of the land as lake beds represent, or by conserving and developing their natural resources is a subject for consideration. With one exception (that of Wall Lake in Wright County), Little Wall Lake is the only lake of any size within an area with radius of at least fifty miles, and in view …

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The Adsorption Of Certain Vapors By Charcoal At Various Temperatures Up To And Above Their Critical Temperatures, J. N. Pearce, C. M. Knudson Jan 1927

The Adsorption Of Certain Vapors By Charcoal At Various Temperatures Up To And Above Their Critical Temperatures, J. N. Pearce, C. M. Knudson

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

It is perhaps safe to state that no one property of a solid substance has been more persistently studied through so long a period as has been the property of solid porous bodies to adsorb gases and vapors. The phenomenon of the adsorption of gases and vapors by charcoal was originally discovered independently by Scheele1 and by Fontana1 in 1777. In the century following much was contributed which deals with the general qualitative side of adsorption. It was not until the beginning of the present century and more particularly with the advent of poison gas warfare and the …

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An Investigation Of The Objective Examination Questions In A First Year College Physics Course, Dorothy H. Helmick Jan 1927

An Investigation Of The Objective Examination Questions In A First Year College Physics Course, Dorothy H. Helmick

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The purpose of this study is an evaluation of the efficiency of the objective-type examination questions used in the College Physics course at Drake University during the first semester 1926-27. Ninety-nine students enrolled in the course, and eighty-one took the final examination.

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A Study Of Physics Teaching In Iowa High Schools, Alice Seeds, Rex Hancox, John W. Chittum Jan 1927

A Study Of Physics Teaching In Iowa High Schools, Alice Seeds, Rex Hancox, John W. Chittum

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

It is a matter of common knowledge that many Physics teachers in Iowa are not efficient because of their lack of training, and that many do not have what we would consider the minimum amount of training necessary to teach Physics in high school. It is taken for granted that teachers in small towns may be more poorly prepared than those in larger cities (though there are many exceptions to this). In this survey we have treated only of teachers in towns of 1000 or more population. All of the data is divided into three groups: group A includes towns …

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A New Instrument For The Determination Of Young’S Modulus, T. G. Mehlin Jan 1927

A New Instrument For The Determination Of Young’S Modulus, T. G. Mehlin

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The apparatus used for the determination of Young's modulus in the elementary laboratory at Drake has been the vertical suspended wire type, in which the sample under test is loaded and readings taken directly by means of a vernier attached to the wire. Although the readings are accurate to one one-hundredth of a centimeter, the scale cannot be conveniently read, the measurement of the length of the wire necessitates the use of a ladder, and the heavy weights are not easily handled. It is hoped that this new instrument will facilitate the experiment, although it is recognized that the weight …

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The Dark Ring Nebula In Cygnus, D. W. Morehouse Jan 1927

The Dark Ring Nebula In Cygnus, D. W. Morehouse

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Since my report on the Dark Ring Nebula in Cygnus,1 I have received the following communication from Dr. R. H. Curtiss, Acting Director of the Detroit Observatory of the University of Michigan: "Your article in the February Popular Astronomy on a dark ring nebula in Cygnus has led me to look up an excellent slide which we have of that region made from a photograph secured with the 6-inch Willard Lens on October 5, 1893, at Lick Observatory. The dark elliptical ring stands out very beautifully on this slide. I think anyone would notice it but would be strongly …

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On The Dynamics Of A Spherically Symmetric Molecule, J. V. Atanasoff Jan 1927

On The Dynamics Of A Spherically Symmetric Molecule, J. V. Atanasoff

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

An attempt is made to postulate a molecular type which bears some relationship to the known facts of monoatomic molecular structure, yet which is simple enough to allow its kinetic theory to be worked out. The molecule chosen consists of a positive nucleus, surrounded by a negatively charged spherical shell. Developments of the distance-force relationship, and of an equation of state are given.

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Departure From Hooke's Law In The Torsion Of Rods, George Singer, Edwin Steele Jan 1927

Departure From Hooke's Law In The Torsion Of Rods, George Singer, Edwin Steele

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In an experimental study of the behavior of an iron rod fixed at one end and subjected to torsion at the other it was found that there is a marked tendency of the rod to remain in the state of strain which it has acquired. When the torque was raised to a relatively high value and then reduced to zero the strain tended to remain. It was found to disappear in about twenty-four hours however. The residual strain in the rod is evidently the result of the reluctance of the metal to change its molecular arrangement.

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Plan For Reorganization Of Secondary School Physics Material, Russel D. Miller Jan 1927

Plan For Reorganization Of Secondary School Physics Material, Russel D. Miller

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

There is a growing demand for a revision of secondary school curricula made on the basis of present day aims of education. The objectives that are almost universally accepted and upon which this revision should be based are as follows: to assist in the production and maintenance of health; to develop and maintain a high standard of social and civic relationships; to make one's chosen vocation more enjoyable and successful; to assist in the proper use of leisure time. In the reorganization, outlined in this paper, an attempt is being made to select the material which will contribute, directly or …

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Ball And Jet In A Vacuum, L. B. Spinney Jan 1927

Ball And Jet In A Vacuum, L. B. Spinney

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

A report on an experimental and theoretical investigation of the equilibrium conditions for the case of a ball balanced on a jet of water.

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Thermo-Electric Effect In Single Crystal Zinc, Ernest G. Linder Jan 1927

Thermo-Electric Effect In Single Crystal Zinc, Ernest G. Linder

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Data are presented on the thermal e.m.f. against copper of six single crystal wires of zinc, of which the orientations of the main crystallographic axis with respect to the wire axis, range from 11.4° to 90°. The temperature interval is from -182° to 475° C. From the data are calculated the thermo-electric power, Peltier coefficient, and difference of the Thomson coefficients for Zn against Zn. The data also provide a test for the Voigt-Thomson law for the variation of the thermo-electric power with crystal orientation. The law is verified for the low temperatures, but the deviations at the high …

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Polarization Of Resonance Radiation And Breadth Of Spectral Lines, A. Ellett Jan 1927

Polarization Of Resonance Radiation And Breadth Of Spectral Lines, A. Ellett

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Observations of the polarization of the D line resonance radiation of sodium indicate that the transition probabilities for the various components of the Zeeman pattern are substantially in agreement with the predictions of the so-called sum rule. Observations in relatively strong fields show the effect of non-uniform distribution of intensity in the exciting spectral line. The assumption that the distribution of energy in the exciting line is due practically entirely to Doppler effect leads to equations for the variation of polarization with field strength which are well verified experimentally. Any broadening of the line by collision or by a coupling …

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Polarization Of Λ2537 Of Mercury, Harry F. Olson Jan 1927

Polarization Of Λ2537 Of Mercury, Harry F. Olson

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

1 S - 2 p2 of mercury excited by plane polarized light shows 79% polarization both in the absence of any magnetic field and in the presence of a field parallel to the electric vector. That the polarization is not complete might be interpreted as clue to collisions but more probably is clue to the fact that in weak fields some of the fine components of λ 2537 have not the same Zeeman pattern as in strong fields. The polarization with other relative orientations of field and light vector and the variation of polarization with field intensity in weak …

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