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Procedures For Laboratory Studies On Wood Decay Resistance, Harold S. Mcnabb Jr.

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Laboratory studies on wood decay resistance are useful in both research and teaching. These studies have been used extensively to determine decay resistance of tropical woods to wood rot fungi found in the temperate regions of North America (9, 16, 20, 25, 26, 27). The methods have been used or suggested as tools in basic research on fungal ecology (4, 13, 14, 17), abnormal wood (5, 6, 12, 24) and wood variability (8, 21, 22, 28). The techniques also are adapted for use as laboratory exercises in a Plant Pathology course, especially if conducted in conjunction with other laboratory deterioration …

Growth And Differentiation Of The Epidermal Wall, R. H. Schieferstein, W. E. Loomis

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Waxy coatings on leaves and other plant surfaces have been studied since DeBary's early work. Surface wax has assumed additional importance with the advent of systemic and herbicidal sprays. The retention and absorption of these sprays depend upon the waxy coatings and other properties of the epidermis. Earlier publications have pictured the first development of the cuticle and the extrusion of surface wax through it. None of our observations have demonstrated any channels associated with wax extrusion, and we conclude that it permeates the cellulose matrix of the primary epidermal wall in a softened form, which then hardens on the …

The Relationship Of Total Nitrogen Percentage To Yield, Test Weight And Groat Percentage Of Oats Grown At Different Locations, Samuel C. Wiggans

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

With increased interest in crop quality, the effect of environmental factors on various species is becoming of major importance. One criterion of quality in the oat grain is nitrogen content. Frey found that the average protein content of the oat grain varied as much as 25 percent from year to year, and that environmental effects on the protein fractions seemed to be additive. Teply et al. and Hunt et al. concluded that environmental factors materially influenced the niacin and pantothenic acid contents of wheat and corn, respectively. Wiggans and Frey showed that some varieties of oats were able to utilize …

Identification Of Inclusions In Steel By Microradiography, Ernest J. Duwell

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

It is necessary to investigate the solution chemistry of the nonmetallic elements in iron to understand the chemistry of steelmaking. Most of these elements have an appreciable solubility in liquid iron, but may be separated from the iron by precipitation of an insoluble compound with another metal. They may also separate from the iron when the metal is cooled and solidified; in these circumstances an iron salt, or the salt of another metal may be formed. The distribution of a non-metallic element between such phases and what is still in solid solution may be described by an equilibrium constant that …

Chemical Determination Of Isoftavones, Edmund Cheng, Lester Yoder

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Recent developments in ruminant nutrition by using estrogenic additives to stimulate the rate of gain and feed efficiency of beef cattle (Burroughs et al. 1954) indicated the important role of feeds and forages containing estrogenic substances. Forages such as clover and alfalfa have been shown to contain small amounts of estrogenic substances (Cheng et al. 1953a). An isoflavone derivative, genistein, isolated from soybean oil meal was found to be estrogenic by the mouse uterine weight assay (Cheng et al. 1953b). Several isoflavone compounds have been synthesized chemically (Yoder et al. 1954) and they have been shown to be estrogenic also …

Glucose Tolerance In Lambs As Affected By Type Of Ration, W. H. Hale, R. P. King

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Metabolism of glucose is little understood in the ruminant animal. It has been demonstrated that little or no carbohydrate passes into the intestinal tract of adult ruminants on an all roughage ration (Heald 1951). Soluble carbohydrates of roughages are fermented to volatile fatty acids in the rumen. Available data show that 70% of total cellulose digestion occurs in the rumen and 30% in the cecum and large intestine with little or no cellulose digestion occurring in the small intestine (Hale, et al. 1947 and Gray 1951). The end products of cellulose digestion are the volatile fatty acids and not glucose. …

Exceptional Values Of Metric Density, N. F. G. Martin

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Lebesgue's density theorem states that at almost every point of a measurable set S in E_n, the metric density of S exists and is 1 and at almost every point of the complement of S, the density of S exists and is 0. This theorem was first proven for E₁ by Lebesgue using his theory of integration. It was later proven by Denjoy [1], Lusin [2], and Sierpinski [3] for E₁ without the use of integration. The theorem was first proven for E_n by de la Vallee Poussin.

Electronic Abstracts - Art For The Space Age, Ben F. Laposky

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

New forms and techniques of art for the space age may involve physical forces and ideas, as well as materials and procedures from technology. Such a new approach to abstract design is that shown here in the electronic abstractions or oscillons.

Effects Of Weather Conditions On The Winter Activity Of Mearns Cottontail, Ancel M. Johnson, George O. Hendrickson

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

An important phase of cottontail management is estimation of the populations. The accuracy of methods used to determine the numbers may be increased with greater knowledge of the effects of weather conditions on cottontail activity. The effects of temperature on cottontail activity have been observed by several investigators. In Michigan, Allen (1939) found that females tended to use burrows at temperatures of 10° F. Linduska (1947) reported the use of dens by cottontails in southern Michigan to be three times as great at temperatures of -8° to +12° F. as when the temperature ranged from 12° to 32° F., and …

Measurement Of Some Factors Affecting The Catch In A Minnow Seine, Andreas A. Paloumpis

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In a study of the effects of drought and flood on fishes of a small stream (Paloumpis, 1958), it was necessary to compare the fish population at different seasons on as quantitative a basis as possible. Wire traps, an electric shocker, and rotenone were used to collect some of the data, but most of the quantitative data for comparative purposes were secured by regularly seining with a 20-foot common sense minnow seine.

A Survey Of Home Visits By Classroom Teachers In The First Class Cities Of Iowa, George Pearson Alton

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

For many years writers in the field of education have encouraged home visits by classroom teachers. A search of the available literature revealed no research showing how much visiting is being done. No experimental evidence was found which would support the conclusion that home visits are of real educational value.

A Broader Approach To High School Publicity Through Three Selected Media, Donald Dean Ambroson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Communication between the school and the community has been a problem to educators and patrons of school districts for some time. In the early years of our country, the school was the center of the community and nothing happened in the school that the people in the area did not know. As the urbanization of our country began to take place, the school gradually lost its top spot on the conversational list of the people within the school district. Only within the smallest communities did communication of school and community not suffer. Most of this communication was of the personal …

Suite For Harp And Orchestra, Avis Evely

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study is to present a composition of music which is playable by a high school solo harpist with a high school orchestra. As is explained later, a piano reduction of the orchestral accompaniment has been provided. The "Suite tor Harp and Orchestra" includes three movements: Andantino, Lento, and Allegretto.

An Evaluation Of Teacher Institutes Based Upon Opinions Of Iowa Teachers, Duane Fuhrman

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to answer these questions:

1. Are teachers satisfied with the institute as it now exists?

2. Do teachers with varying amounts of college training receive the same value from the institute?

3. Can the institute be improved, and, if so, how?

4. Are teacher institutes serving the purposes that the State Department of Public Instruction intends them to serve?

5. Is there a preferred method of in-service training, and, if so, what is it?

A Proposal For Emphasizing Modern Mathematics In Elementary Algebra, Betty Sayre Grubb

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

For the past fifty years educators and mathematicians have urged that we change our approach to mathematics. The need for change or modernization of teaching mathematics is at least as great now as it ever was. The body of mathematical content vital to the pursuit of both pure and applied mathematics is growing continually. At the same time the demand for people trained in mathematics, including its newer developments, is growing. The only solution would appear to be the integration of these new ideas, as extensively as possible by each teacher, into all levels of training in mathematics. This thesis …

A Follow-Up Study Of Fifty Selected Individuals Who Terminated Their Formal Education In The Special Education Department Of The Waterloo, Iowa, Public Schools, Alwilda N. Howell

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

In a democratic society, an educated child may be considered as a natural resource of the nation. Education in the United States is based on the democratic philosophy that all children are entitled, whenever possible, to an education commensurate with their abilities, and that they have the right to experiences and opportunities that are considered normal for all children. In discussing what education in a democracy entailed, Alice Channing of the Children's Bureau wrote, "Democratic education means, not that the same education must be available to all children, but rather that all children have the right to be educated or …

A Preliminary Business Survey Of Oelwein, Iowa To Determine The Possibilities Of Initiating A Distributive Education Program In The Community, Harold Dale Johansen

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

It is common belief in the United States that American youth should prepare for full and successful lives by continuing their formal education at least through the high school. It is also generally believed that every able adult citizen should contribute to the well-being and prosperity of the Nation through productive work. If the ability to work must be learned--and is not a natural talent--then the inclusion of work experience in the education of young people is essential.

A Comparative Study Of Two Methods Of Teaching Spelling In The Intermediate Grades, Merle Donavon Bygness

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

For many years the inability of children to spell correctly has been the concern of the educational systems of this country. Accusations have been directed against the schools for improperly teaching spelling to students.

Group Counseling Of Junior High School Students With Certain Adjustment Problems, Urma Peterson English

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Three years ago, when the writer first entered the Cedar Falls Junior High School as a classroom teacher, students who did not conform to school regulations were assigned to detention during the period following the regular school day. The policy was to assign each teacher to one week of detention duty on a rotating basis as part of the teaching load. It was apparent that the teachers considered the detention assign.ment among the least desirable of their duties. The primary objective of detention was to make the experience disagreeable enough that the students would conform to school regulations and remain …

Studies Of A Seedling Blight Of Soybeans And The Etiology Of The Causal Fungus, Diaporthe Phaseolorum Var. Caulivora, John Dunleavy

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora is a fungus that can infect soybeans (Glycine max) and cause development of stem cankers that usually result in girdling of stems and death of plants. Stem canker disease of soybean was first described by Welch and Gilman (11) when they differentiated the stem canker fungus from D. phaseolorum var. sojae, which causes pod and stem blight of soybean. Welch and Gilman first identified the causal organism of stem canker as D. phaseolorum var. batatatis, a fungus described by Harter and Field (6) as being pathogenic on sweet potato. Athow and Caldwell (1) revised the variety …

Cholinesterase Inhibition In Vitro By Extracts Of Potato, Wallace H. Orgell, Kunda A. Vaidya, P. A. Dahm

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

While attempting to assay cholinesterase inhibitory organic phosphorus insecticide residues in various plant tissues, it became apparent that the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) presented a unique problem. It was observed that aqueous extracts of potato tubers or foliage, which had not been treated with insecticide, still gave a positive test by the method employed. Hence, a more thorough study of the nature of the interference was made.

The Effect Of High Temperatures At Varying Stages Of Growth On Kernel Production In Oats, S. C. Wiggans, R. H. Shaw

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Oats generally are considered to be less heat tolerant than other cereal crops. Coffman found that heat resistance in oats was correlated with winter hardiness, and that early maturing winter and spring varieties were usually more heat resistant than midseason or late maturing varieties. Winter oat varieties with fine culms were the most heat resistant. Maximum resistance to killing injury occurred when the plants were about 50 days old, which corresponded to the early boot stage. Resistance to high temperatures was found to be an inherited character and was independent of disease resistance. The present study was initiated to determine …

Vocabulary And Achievement In Developmental Psychology, Don C. Charles, John A. Bath

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between achievement in an introductory course in developmental psychology and knowledge of word-meanings in that area. It is a preliminary study, to be expanded as additional data are collected. Several studies exist which show a significant relationship between general vocabulary and college grade-point average, usually the first term average. The studies of Bernard (1), Bolton (2), and Templeman (4) are typical. Levine (3) developed a psychological vocabulary test in analogy form at the University of Minnesota which is used for both selection and evaluation in graduate and undergraduate psychology classes …

The Genesis Of Pegrnatites, Robert Duncan Enzmann

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Pegmatites are usually thought of as late magmatic emanations from cooling batholithic masses; however, in recent years doubt has been cast on the intrusive nature of many of the larger granitic masses. The granite-gneiss massif used as an example in this discussion is the Kheis granitized geosyncline of South West Africa and the Union of South Africa. From the top downward it is a pile of metavolcanics, gray gneiss and three cyclothemes of metasediments. This complex was previously called the Namaqualand granite-gneiss batholith and thought to be intrusive. If massif is neither intrusive nor batholithic in nature, associated pegmatites cannot …

A Study Of Techniques Of Communication Between Selected Iowa County Councils And The County Iowa State Education Association Membership In 1956-1957, Arthur E. Hughes

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to examine techniques of communications used within selected county education associations to find the forms and methods that tend to produce the most democratic and effective interaction between county councils and the Iowa State Education Association members of the county.

A Follow-Up Study Of The Graduates And Drop-Outs Of The Traer Public High School From 1946 Through 1954, William Calvin Freese

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The primary purpose of this study was to ascertain, through the opinions of the graduates and students who had dropped out of the Traer Public High School, how effectively this school had prepared them to meet the problems that confronted them after leaving high school. This purpose included the following further purposes:

1. To determine to what degree the ne s of the graduates and the others had been met.

2. To evaluate the educational program in the school.

3. To recommend changes which might enable the school to meet student needs more effectively.

A Study Of The Administration Of Off-Campus Student Teaching Programs Of State Teachers Colleges In Certain Midwestern States, Willard G. Hatfield

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Individuals differ widely in their ability to associate classroom theory with actual practice. Because of these differences, teacher educating institutions have found it necessary to provide their prospective teachers with a series of developmental experiences which will increase their effectiveness as public school teachers. Th series of developmental experiences must be well planned and based upon a sound educational philosophy.

A Study Of Requirements For And Deficiencies Of Beginning Office Workers In Selected Waterloo Industries, Donald Lloyd Davidson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

It was the purpose of this study to determine the requirements for and the deficiencies of beginning office workers in selected Waterloo industries and thus provide secondary schools in the immediate area with factual data to assist in the possible development or revision of the business education curricula. In addition, the study was designed to procure figures relative to the number and types of office positions available as well as general information pertaining to office work. It is hoped that this study will provide some small measure of assistance to the business education teachers of the Waterloo area in the …

Madrigals Transcribed For Small Ensembles Of Brass Instruments, Robert George Ballenger

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

It has been the author's experience that music of quality is recognized and enjoyed by students in the schools in which he has taught. There is no reason to believe that these schools are unique. Music of quality is easier to perform than music which has little or nothing to say. The performer's attention becomes focused on the message of the music and he has a tendency to rise above the mechanical problems of producing the sounds on his instrument. Because many of the selections available to small ensembles of brass instruments do not move either the students or the …

An Evaluation Of College Days Based Upon Opinions Of Iowa State Teachers College Freshmen, Norbert K. Baumgart

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Each year more and more of our high school graduates continue their education at institutions of higher learning. In 1920 only 597,880 students were enrolled in college. By 1960, however, 3,221,0001 of our secondary school graduates are expected to find their way to one of America's 1,100 degree granting campuses. 2 The ever-increasing number of students going to college makes it evident that colleges will soon be bulging at the seams. This increase in college enrollment makes some sort of college information program appear more important than ever before.