Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

University of Northern Iowa

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 5881 - 5910 of 8128

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Administrative Decision: Half-Day Everyday Or All-Day Alternate Day Kindergarten Programs, Dean Weldon Flaws Jr. Jan 1985

Administrative Decision: Half-Day Everyday Or All-Day Alternate Day Kindergarten Programs, Dean Weldon Flaws Jr.

Graduate Research Papers

Just over one hundred years ago, the first public kindergarten was established in the United States. Historically kindergarten began as an all-day program. Half-day-kindergartens were developed because of the increase in the number of children and the shortages of teachers and classroom space (Oelrich, 1979). Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (1746-1827) was a Swiss educator who believed education should develop a child morally, physically, and intellectually. He felt that children learned best by using their own senses and by discovering things for themselves . His methods and theories were so successful that· educators from all parts of the world came to study …

Go to article

Annual Report Of The Iowa Academy Of Science, 1984-85, James G. Macmillan Jan 1985

Annual Report Of The Iowa Academy Of Science, 1984-85, James G. Macmillan

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

This year, 1985, marks the 110th anniversary of the founding of the Iowa Academy of Science. In 1975, when the Academy celebrated its centennial, a history of the Academy was written. Since that time the Annual Report has served as a running history of the Academy. This year's report encompasses the year beginning July 1, 1984 to June 30, 1985, and is based on committee reports, Board minutes and the recollections of the author.

Go to article

Meditation As A Technique For Stress Reduction, Todd Carlyle Shelton Jan 1985

Meditation As A Technique For Stress Reduction, Todd Carlyle Shelton

Graduate Research Papers

"...we are just beginning to see that many common diseases are largely due to errors in our adaptive response to stress, rather than to direct damage by germs, poisons, or life experience" (Selye, 1976, p. xvi). Stress is a term borrowed from the field of physics, where it is used to describe any strain, pressure or force applied to an operating system (Everly & Rosenfeld, 1981). The term was first introduced to the mental health field by Hans Selye in 1926. As a medical student, Selye noticed that many patients appeared to share several common symptoms, including loss of strength, …

Go to article

Sources And Alleviators Of Stress Experienced By Ministers' Wives, Diane M. Nethercott Jan 1985

Sources And Alleviators Of Stress Experienced By Ministers' Wives, Diane M. Nethercott

Graduate Research Papers

Ministers' wives experience unique and excessive stress as evidenced by their rising divorce rate, a growing rebellion against "what they consider outdated notions of sacrificial servanthood, 11 and by reports from professionals who counsel them (Lavender, 1976; Molgaard, 1981; Presnell, 1977, p. 274). In studying stress and burnout for clergy, Bouma (1980), Lavender (1976), and Mace and Mace (1980) noted that although ministers encounter stress factors far beyond those for other occupations, their wives experience even greater strain. Furthermore, Lavender (1976) reported that when ministers' wives seek counseling, psychologists find that stress factors have caused them severe psychological and emotional …

Go to article

A Comparison Of Selection Procedures For Transition Room Placements, Joyce Warren Jan 1985

A Comparison Of Selection Procedures For Transition Room Placements, Joyce Warren

Graduate Research Papers

This study seeks to identify and compare procedures that can be used to distinguish between students who are, and those who are not, ready and mature enough to enter a regular first grade. Kindergarten teachers' recommendations and individual children's test scores will be collected and analyzed. A follow-up first grade evaluation based upon teacher recommendations, test scores, and individual evaluations will be used to check earlier predictions.

Go to article

Class Size And Its Implications For Academic Achievement, John P. Hornug Jan 1985

Class Size And Its Implications For Academic Achievement, John P. Hornug

Graduate Research Papers

Faced with a variety of funding pressures, school officials have sought evidence that smaller classes and a lower pupil-teacher ratio are as essential to the quality of education as educators have maintained. Responding to budgetary concerns, administrators, boards, consultants, and business managers have posed the alternative of increasing class sizes as a means of lessening the drain on financial resources. Obviously, school officials must utilize available funding to provide the greatest benefit to most people.

Go to article

A Review Of The Effects Of Maternal Alcoholism On Children: Implications For Child Mental Health, Pamela Sue Maxwell Jan 1985

A Review Of The Effects Of Maternal Alcoholism On Children: Implications For Child Mental Health, Pamela Sue Maxwell

Graduate Research Papers

Children of alcoholics are a neglected population whose needs are not clearly apparent nor understood (Kern et al., 1981). In our society there are nearly thirty-six million family members of alcoholic persons (Kellennann, 1974) of which approximately twenty eight million are children of alcoholics (Deckman & Downs, 1982). Furthermore, there are an estimated seven million children under the age of twenty in the United States who are living with an alcoholic parent (Woodside, 1983). Yet, resources to meet the needs of these children are lacking (Hindman, 1975; Kellennann, 1974).

Go to article

Critical Elements For Effective Teacher Inservice Education: A Synthesis Of Related Literature, Elizabeth Ellen Kilgard Jan 1985

Critical Elements For Effective Teacher Inservice Education: A Synthesis Of Related Literature, Elizabeth Ellen Kilgard

Graduate Research Papers

Teacher inservice education is and has been a topic 1 of concern with numerous national publications, professional organizations, government agencies, and local school districts. With recent public criticism of the American educational system through published literature including A Nation at Risk (1983), "Public Attitude Toward Public Education" (Gallop, 1983), "U.S. Pupils Rank Low in Eight Nation Test" (Walton, 1983), as well as position statements of special interest groups; such as, Fundamentalists, National Education Association, American Federation of Teachers, parents, administrators, and school boards, it becomes increasingly evident that the public is demanding accountability regarding the competence of practicing professionals and …

Go to article

Iowa Journal Of Speech Communication, Volume 17, Number 1, Spring 1985 [Download Entire Issue] Jan 1985

Iowa Journal Of Speech Communication, Volume 17, Number 1, Spring 1985 [Download Entire Issue]

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Effective Inservice Programs, Harold Terry Ebert Jan 1985

Effective Inservice Programs, Harold Terry Ebert

Graduate Research Papers

It is important to find the characteristics of effective inservice programs. First, the belief exists that professional preparation of teachers is a continuing process and self-renewal must occur if educators are to stay up with the changing needs of their students (Brimm & Tollett, 1974). Why must educators constantly make changes? One answer has been pointed out by Champagne (1980) and Wood, Thompson and Russell (1981). They suggest that as soon as educators leave their preparation programs they can expect to be effective for only five to seven years. Educators can become obsolete very quickly, thus the need for renewal …

Go to article

Considerations For Counseling Gays And Lesbians In "Coming Out", Robert Gene Galloway Jan 1985

Considerations For Counseling Gays And Lesbians In "Coming Out", Robert Gene Galloway

Graduate Research Papers

A growing body of counselors and therapists are publishing books and articles to assist the helping profession in working with gay and lesbian clients. These professionals are part of a more open climate in dealing with gays and lesbians. An outcome of these more accepting attitudes is that the question of "curing homosexuality" is being replaced by concern for dealing with the presenting problems of the clients. This increased openness of counselors can be attributed to the removal of homosexuality from the list of psychiatric disorders over ten years ago, and to the concerns of the gay and lesbian community …

Go to article

A Process Option For Speech Pedagogy, Donald Arenz Jan 1985

A Process Option For Speech Pedagogy, Donald Arenz

Iowa Journal of Communication

I have always been responsive to a student-centered approach to teaching. One of my earliest college experiences occurred in 1961 at Clinton Community College where I was a part-time student. I had a speech teacher named Dean Travis whom I instinctively admired. After an entire semester of "learning" to give speeches before the class with minimal direction from him, he explained his philosophy of teaching: "When I was starting out as a teacher, I tried to get up in front of the room and 'teach' speech. I tried that for six years and finally decided it couldn't be done. After …

Go to article

On The Fortieth Anniversary Of Hiroshima, Leesa Cutler Jan 1985

On The Fortieth Anniversary Of Hiroshima, Leesa Cutler

Draftings In

In August 1985, the world recognized the fortieth anniversary of the greatest single human-made disaster in history - the exploding of the first atom bomb in the Japanese city of Hiroshima. It is an expanding ripple of the tragedy that although those forty and under were not even born when the bombing occurred, they have lived in the ominous shadow of its implications all their lives. In his important work Hiroshima, John Hersey makes it clear that the bomb destroyed more than a city; it changed life on personal, natural, and societal levels. For any meaningful account of such …

Go to article

A Call For The Study Of Negotiation, Ruth Hunt Jan 1985

A Call For The Study Of Negotiation, Ruth Hunt

Iowa Journal of Communication

How does one acquire the highly useful skill of negotiation? Unfortunately, many communication departments still do not teach negotiations and seem to discount its importance. The closest counterpart to such course might include segments of interpersonal communication courses dealing with conflict resolution in a most general sense, and courses on persuasion or argumentation dealing with social influence. While some claim these topics appear quite similar to bargaining and negotiation, much more is involved than conflict resolution or persuasion. As researchers Sawyer and Guetzkow conceded, "communication and persuasion" are "major elements in the process of modifying utilities," but a multitude of …

Go to article

Black Americans' Attitudes Toward Black English, Susan Margaret Schwieger Jan 1985

Black Americans' Attitudes Toward Black English, Susan Margaret Schwieger

Graduate Research Papers

This study examines the attitudes which Black Americans hold toward Black English, otherwise known in current literature as "Negro dialect,'' or "nonstandard Negro English."

Go to article

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of The Dual-Career Life Style And Suggested Therapeutic Coping Strategies, James Patrick Aspinall Jan 1985

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of The Dual-Career Life Style And Suggested Therapeutic Coping Strategies, James Patrick Aspinall

Graduate Research Papers

The term "dual-career• life style, coined by Rapoport & Rapoport, is defined as a life style in which both heads of household pursue a career while still maintaining a family life together with at least one child (Goldenberg & Goldenberg, 1984). The term •career• usually refers to a job a person is committed to and requires commitment in terms of time and energy in acquired training. In a career, the person is "highly salient• and wants to develop and pursue a career by advancing in pay, position, power, and responsibility (Parker, Peltier, Willeat, 1981).

Go to article

Planning And Implementing Of Peer Counseling Programs: A Comparison Of Three Models, Barbara Colleen Osborne Jan 1985

Planning And Implementing Of Peer Counseling Programs: A Comparison Of Three Models, Barbara Colleen Osborne

Graduate Research Papers

The 100% to 700% increases in divorces affecting children, reported child abuse cases, and suicides have intensified pressures on American youth in the last two decades (U.S. Bureau of Census, 1980, 1982). Such pressures compound children's concerns about who they are and what worth they have to themselves and to others (Seegrist, 19 82) • Because of the heightened stress on youth and the resulting large additional demands on their school counselors' time, counselors have been under pressure to devise ways to deal with these additional responsibilities and concomitantly effectively manage the remaining myriad components of their counseling programs. Successful …

Go to article

The Effectiveness Of Hypnosis Counseling, Doris Eide Jan 1985

The Effectiveness Of Hypnosis Counseling, Doris Eide

Graduate Research Papers

The following paper is a review of literature concerned with the issue 11 Is hypnosis an effective counseling tool? 11 The paper focuses on four sequential and related topics: suggestibility, nonspecific treatment factors, efficacy, and locus of control. The paper presents both supportive and contrairdicated [sic] uses of hypnosis.

Go to article

Using Motivation Constructs To Select Elementary Classroom Guidance Activities, Mary Kathleen Hunchis Jan 1985

Using Motivation Constructs To Select Elementary Classroom Guidance Activities, Mary Kathleen Hunchis

Graduate Research Papers

Education Today: Manifestations of a Problem "Our nation is at risk," according to the National Commission on Excellence in Education.1 This report cites the following evidence, taken from a number of other studies, for the crises that exist in our schools today. 1. American students scored last on seven of nineteen academic tests comparing student achievement with other industrialized nations. 2. Compared to twenty-six years ago when Sputnik was launched, average high school student achievement on most standardized test scores has dropped. 3. An unbroken decline in the College Boards Scholastic Aptitude Test from 1963 to 1980 has been reported. …

Go to article

Guided Imagery And Music, Katheen Muleady Seager Jan 1985

Guided Imagery And Music, Katheen Muleady Seager

Graduate Research Papers

Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) is a technique that involves listening to carefully selected music in a relaxed and meditative state for the purpose of reaching altered states of consciousness, and allowing images, symbols, and deep feelings to arise from the inner self. This process facilitates therapeutic intervention, self-understanding, holistic healing and personal growth (Bonny, 1978b). The purpose of this paper is to examine the theoretical basis and development of GIM and to present examples of GIM usage in various therapeutic settings. GIM was selected for investigation because of its association with holistic health movements and applicability to death and …

Go to article

The Portrayal Of Child Abuse In Young Adult Literature, Kristy Lyn Berschman Jan 1985

The Portrayal Of Child Abuse In Young Adult Literature, Kristy Lyn Berschman

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this content analysis was to determine how c·haracters who are victims of child abuse and characters who -:are child abusers are portrayed in young adult novels. The research also included determining how realistic the Jitu~tions involving child abuse are described in the novels.

Go to article

Distribution Of On-Campus Grades For Fall Semester 1985, Gerald D. Bisbey Jan 1985

Distribution Of On-Campus Grades For Fall Semester 1985, Gerald D. Bisbey

History of Education Book Gallery

This report is the next in the sequence of such reports being sent each semester to give the University community information concerning grade distributions. These grade distributions are by instructional areas and/or programs rather than departments only. Thus areas such as Educational Media Center, Individual Studies, and Human Relations are also identified. By request, the Humanities and General Sciences areas have been retained with the appropriate departments.

Go to article

Distribution Of On-Campus Grades For Spring Semester 1985, Gerald D. Bisbey Jan 1985

Distribution Of On-Campus Grades For Spring Semester 1985, Gerald D. Bisbey

History of Education Book Gallery

This report is the next in the sequence of such reports being sent each semester to give the University community information concerning grade distributions. These grade distributions are by instructional areas and/or programs rather than departments only. Thus areas such as Educational Media Center, Individual Studies, and Human Relations are also identified. By request, the Humanities and General Sciences areas have been retained with the appropriate departments.

Go to article

Report Comparing 1984 Summer Session With 1985 Summer Session At University Of Northern Iowa, Gerald D. Bisbey Jan 1985

Report Comparing 1984 Summer Session With 1985 Summer Session At University Of Northern Iowa, Gerald D. Bisbey

History of Education Book Gallery

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Perception Of Stress Among Iowa School Media Specialists, Pam Dohrn Jan 1985

Perception Of Stress Among Iowa School Media Specialists, Pam Dohrn

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this study was to investigate job satisfaction and perceptions of job related stress. The study sought to examine the roles of variables such as years of experience, school size, grade levels served by the media specialist, sex of the media specialist, full- or part-time employment status as a media specialist in the perception of stress. The study also examined changes in stress perceptions of school media specialists between 1980 and 1985.

Go to article

Career And Educational Needs Of Adult Students, Alan Howard Long Jan 1985

Career And Educational Needs Of Adult Students, Alan Howard Long

Graduate Research Papers

The fastest growing segment of the college student population consists of adults age 25 and over. Adults are attending college in record numbers. The growth of this population is substantial. In 1974, adults comprised 39% of a total enrollment of 8 million, while in 5 years, their numbers had increased to 48% of 10 million total enrollment (Knox, 1979, p. 32). "Several factors have caused the burgeoning adult enrollment, job obsolescence and the subsequent need for retraining, increased numbers of women wishing to enter or reenter the job market, and the increased availability of leisure time" (Perrone, 1977, p. 27). …

Go to article

Orthomolecular Therapy For The Treatment Of Mental Illness With Vitamins, Randall Lee Harding Jan 1985

Orthomolecular Therapy For The Treatment Of Mental Illness With Vitamins, Randall Lee Harding

Graduate Research Papers

The mentally ill patient has long been a major medical problem. Large numbers of our population need and receive help every year for mental illness. If a person has a physiological abnormality, such as a biochemical aberration, whether it effects his perception or his emotional control, he may not be able to respond to even highly trained professionals when it is viewed as a psychological disorder. If the correctable physiological abnormalities are found in even a small percentage of cases, treatment of these abnormalities could mean improvement for large numbers of children and adults with diagnosis of autism, paranoia, schizophrenia, …

Go to article

A Review Of Selected External Degree Programs In The United States, Marcia A. Kisner Jan 1985

A Review Of Selected External Degree Programs In The United States, Marcia A. Kisner

Graduate Research Papers

The dramatic growth of higher education in the United States since the end of World War II, and, particularly, the rapid rise in the number of community colleges in the 1960's, give evidence of the desire of Americans for greater opportunities to go beyond earlier schooling to meet their learning needs and interests (Houle, 1974). External degree programs are providing students with programs that allow them to receive an education, meet goals of personal satisfaction, promotional success, and career expectations (Kiplinger Washington Editors, 1983).

Go to article

Counselor Intentionality As A Variable In The Psychotherapeutic Process, Penelope M. Fox Jan 1985

Counselor Intentionality As A Variable In The Psychotherapeutic Process, Penelope M. Fox

Graduate Research Papers

A substantial body of research indicates that counselor behavior in the counseling/psychotherapeutic process is of great importance. Rogers (1957) suggested that counselor behavior must serve as a channel for fullfilling the necessary conditions of empathy, warmth and genuiness for client growth. Sloane et al. (1975) reported the potent 3 effect on outcome of therapist variables. Goodman & Dooley {1976) devised a response taxonomy to categorize counselor behaviors. Ivey & Authier (1978) proposed microcounseling training to teach specific counselor behaviors.

Go to article

The Search For Normality In Capote's In Cold Blood, Barbara Anderson Jan 1985

The Search For Normality In Capote's In Cold Blood, Barbara Anderson

Draftings In

As Truman Capote was looking through The New York Times one morning in November 1959, a headline caught his eye, "Wealthy Farmer, 3 of Family Slain.” For the next five and a half years, until its publication in January 1966, Capote spent time investigating and writing about the events surrounding these murders in his nonfiction novel, In Cold Blood. Capote, however, does more than merely write a journalistic report of the facts surrounding a gruesome, multiple murder. Through his selective depictions of the individuals and circumstances involved, he strongly raises the question: what is actually "normal"?

Go to article

First Prev Next Last