Digital Commons Network^™

A Systematic Analysis Of Temporal Trends In The Handgrip Strength Of 2,216,320 Children And Adolescents Between 1967 And 2017, Faith L. Dooley, Tori Kaster, John S. Fitzgerald, Tanis J. Walch, Madison Annandale, Katia Ferrar, Justin J. Lang, Jordan J. Smith, Grant R. Tomkinson

Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications

Objective: To estimate national and international temporal trends in handgrip strength for children and adolescents, and to examine relationships between trends in handgrip strength and trends in health-related and sociodemographic indicators.

Methods: Data were obtained through a systematic search of studies reporting temporal trends in the handgrip strength for apparently healthy 9–17 year-olds, and by examining large national fitness datasets. Temporal trends at the country-sex-age level were estimated by sample-weighted regression models relating the year of testing to mean handgrip strength. International and national trends were estimated by a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Pearson’s correlations quantified relationships between trends in handgrip …

Und Today: February 2020, University Of North Dakota

UND Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Metformin Uptake And Translocation In Chickpeas: Determination Using Liquid Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry, Brett Nespor, Anastasia Andrianova, Sean Pollack, Creighton Pfau, Muhammad Arifuzzaman, Nazrul Islam, Alena Kubatova, Khwaja Hossain

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, arthritis, asthma, and common respiratory problems are prevalent in over one-fourth of Americans, and separate drugs are prescribed to manage each of the diseases. The nutritive crop seeds loaded with multiple drugs could be a cheap and sustainable alternative to drugs produced by pharmaceutical companies. Our long-term goal is to produce chickpea seeds containing comparable dosages of multiple drugs regularly prescribed for managing MCC. In this work, we conducted experiments to understand the uptake and translocation of metformin into the tissues of chickpea to demonstrate the applicability of LC–HR-ToF-MS in …

Supporting Adults With Chronic Pain Through The Use Of A Non-Opioid Pain Management Program, Chloe Haas, Richard Seaman, Jaslyn Seeley

Critically Appraised Topics

Chronic pain is experienced by 20.4% of adults in the United States. It is one of the most common reasons that adults seek medical attention and is linked to restrictions in mobility and daily activities (Dahlhamer et al., 2016). The incidences of anxiety and depression, perceived poor health, reduced quality of life, and dependence on opioids are common with chronic pain (Dahlhamer et al., 2016). This type of pain is described as pain experienced every day for three to six months or more (Pitcher, Von Korff, Bushnell, & Porter, 2001). Chronic pain includes headaches, pain from the lower back, cancer, …

Occupation-Based Education For Fall Prevention In Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Critically Appraised Topic Paper, Mckenzie Dye, Samantha Hudson, Therese Pettersen

Critically Appraised Topics

Community-dwelling older adults are at a higher risk of falls due to many factors; including their environment and nutritional state. Falls have been described as “unintentionally coming to rest on the ground, floor, or other lower-level” (Buchner et al., 1993 as cited in Chase, Mann, Wasek, & Arbesman, 2012, p. 284). Community-dwelling older adults have been described in this research as individuals who are 65 years or older and who live independently. A rural community, according to the United States Census Bureau (2019) “encompasses all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area” (para. 3) …

Critically Appraised Topic: Evidence For The Effectiveness Of Implementing Home Modifications To Age In Place, Feyi Adewoye, Michaela Gerving, Ashley Osbjornson

Critically Appraised Topics

Older adults are at an increased risk of falling due to several factors. This is an important topic for occupational therapy practitioners. The purpose of the CAT is to provide evidence to build occupation-based interventions such as home modifications that support the improvement of community-dwelling older adults’ quality of life through engagement in activities of daily living.

The Effect Of Proton Pump Inhibitors On Normal Gastrointestinal Flora Leading To Weight Change, Emi L. Binstock

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The goal of this literature review was to determine what effects proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have on the normal gastrointestinal (GI) flora and how that may lead to weight loss or weight gain. A literature search was performed using the database PubMed. Only articles from the last ten years (2009-2019) were included in this review. Keywords used in the search are listed below. After exclusion criteria was applied, 30 articles were relevant and used in this review. Five themes were identified in the literature review. An investigation of normal GI flora associated with weight loss and weight gain identified a …

Aging In Place: Causes And Importance Of Fall Prevention Education, Molly Banks, Danielle Halstead, Mariah Leroux

Critically Appraised Topics

Falls are a significant concern for older community-dwelling adults’ ability to age in place, specifically those who aged 60 and older. Many factors contribute to the risk of falls in older adults that need to be addressed by health care facilities, home health providers, and caretakers. Occupational therapy has a role to educate older adults, as well as health care providers on how to prevent the risk factors of older adults and falls. The purpose of this CAT is to take a deeper look at why this population has so many falls and examine the research addressing education and risk …

A Holistic Approach To Infant Sleep, Mackenzie Danielson, Karlie Marler, Alyssa Turner-Strong

Occupational Therapy Capstones

A Holistic Approach to Infant Sleep. Mackenzie Danielson, Karlie Marler, Alyssa Turner-Strong, Dr. Julie Grabanski, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N. Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202

Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly project was to analyze and review current literature to determine the key variables that impact infant sleep. Based on the literature, the authors then created an educational manual and sleep assessment for occupational therapists that holistically addresses infant sleep.

Methodology: An extensive review of literature was completed on the role of occupational therapy, assessment tools, interventions, modifications …

Best Practices For The Occupation Of Education For College Students With Mental Health Issues, Karen Jaspers, Brianna Johnson

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Objective: To examine the available evidence for interventions provided on college campuses that address mental illness in college-aged students.

Method: The scoping review process laid out in Arksey and O’Malley (2005) was utilized to help guide the process. Four databases were used to search for articles. Specific search terms for each database were developed with the aid of a librarian. A total of 82 articles were included in the final scoping review.

Results: Interventions were categorized based on the Public Health Model and intervention type. 30 articles fell within the tier 1, universal category, 52 articles fell within the tier …

An Investigation Of Loss Of Control Eating Episodes And The Five Indicator Variables Of Loss Of Control Eating In A Non-Clinical Sample, Erica Goodman

Theses and Dissertations

Binge eating is common across both clinical and non-clinical populations; the diagnostic definition of binge eating has been scrutinized by extant literature in that findings have shown loss of control (LOC) to be more related to pathology than the amount of food consumed. The current study aimed to elucidate this notion further by investigating different types of LOC eating based on perception and amount of food consumed. College students (N = 227) completed self-report questionnaires assessing disordered eating, psychopathology, emotion regulation, impulsivity, quality of life, and self-esteem; 173 (76%) also completed an interview on typical and LOC eating in the …

The Gut-Brain Axis: Treating Depression Through Microbiome Alterations, Alexandria Bachman-Williams

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• The purpose of this study is to explore the role of gut microbiome alterations in the treatment of anxiety and depression. • There are multiple pathological pathways that lead to the development of anxiety and depression. • Research shows a link between pathologic bacteria and low grade inflammation. This causes a disruption of neurotransmitters that are current targets of pharmacological treatment of depression and anxiety. • Transfer of “pathogenic” bacteria caused increased symptoms of anxiety and depression. • Treatment with probiotics and “protective” bacteria showed decreased BDI scores and improved symptoms. • Studies were small but show need for …

The Effects Of Antioxidant Status, Omega-6 To Omega-3 Ratio, And Dietary Diversity On Cognitive Performance, Jonathan Santiago

Theses and Dissertations

Past research on the relationship between nutrition and cognitive performance has suggested that dietary diversity decreased the risk of cognitive decline among Japanese older adults, that a lower ratio of Omega 6 to Omega 3s is linked to a better MoCa score, and that Vitamin E was positively associated with higher scores on a variety of cognitive tests. The main purpose of this study was to compare younger adults (18-35) and older adults (65+) on measures of nutritional intake and examine how nutritional impact influences performance on a neuropsychological battery. Participants were recruited from North Dakota. There were two sets …

Parental Practices And Home Environmental Influences On Children’S Physical Activity In A Controlled Lab Setting: An Observational Study, Tia Klein

Theses and Dissertations

There has been a rise of obesity in children, adolescents, and adults over the past decades. This rise in obesity has led to many health concerns such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, some cancers and depression. Physical activity [PA] has been shown to decrease these risks and aid in positive growth and development for children and adolescents. The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between parental and child PA in a controlled lab experiment. The secondary aim was to examine parental practices (physical and social home environment) and their influences on children’s PA in a controlled …

Occupational Therapy: Addressing Mental Health Needs In Permanent Supportive Housing, Jessica Drady, Drew Mapes

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Title: Occupational Therapy: Addressing Mental Health Needs in Permanent Supportive Housing

Introduction: The availability and implementation of occupational therapy services in supportive housing are limited. According to Schultheis (2018), out of the 550,000 people in America who experienced homelessness on a given night in 2017, 1 in 5 had a mental illness. Choy-Brown, Padgett, Smith, and Tiderington (2016) found that 92% of individuals with mental illness stated that secure housing was the foundation of their recovery. When housing acts as a cornerstone to recovery, it is important, as occupational therapists, to capitalize on the opportunity and resources stable housing provides …

Occupational Gearing For Child Rearing: Occupational Therapy’S Role In Helping New Mothers Succeed After Giving Birth, Alana Grabarkewitz, Lydia Swanson

Occupational Therapy Capstones

The purpose of this scholarly project is to provide occupational therapists with access to an educational website that helps fill the current gaps in care for mothers and advocates for the occupational therapy profession to contribute to a mother’s care team.

A substantial literature review was completed to gather information about difficulties mothers encounter and how occupational therapy can assist mothers with the difficulties. To find reliable and trustworthy information on what issues and conditions a mother may experience and how occupational therapy can help mothers, various search engines were used. The findings from the literature review were used to …

Hand Therapy Outcomes: Therapists’ Perceptions Of Occupation-Based Interventions In Practice, Cheyenne Hanson, Molly Maudal

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Purpose: It is well known that hand therapists frequently use biomechanical-based interventions in their treatment of upper extremity injuries and pathologies. There is a push to return to the occupational therapy profession’s roots of occupation-based practice, which has recently been further reinforced with the introduction of the American Occupational Therapy’s (AOTA) Choosing WiselyⓇ Initiative (Gillen et al., 2019). Hand therapy is one area in which occupation-based practice could become more prevalent. This study will enhance the existing research on occupation-based hand therapy through the use of focus group interviews with occupational therapists who have a majority of their caseload classified …

Home: Home Occupations For Mainstay Elders, Marissa Jahnke, Alyana Marie Louisse Simpron

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Purpose: According to the National Resource Center on Native American Aging (NRCNAA), at least one-fourth of Native American Elders experienced a fall at least once in the past year (Adamsen, 2018). Based on a consult review of the NRCNAA’s fall prevention program, the participants demonstrated limited follow through with the physical exercises because the recommendations were not culturally meaningful. The purpose of this scholarly project was to develop a safe mobility program for Elders.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using the PEOP model and the Native American medicine wheel to identify fall risk factors, outline current fall risk assessments …

Occupational Therapy Program For Women Residing In Domestic Violence Shelters, Paige Mccullough, Kelsey Wehe

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Background Domestic violence is a public health concern that affects 43.6 million women, or greater than one in three women, each year in the United States (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence [NCADV], n.d.). Following experiences with domestic violence, victims endure various long-term physical and mental health challenges. These challenges negatively affect women’s abilities to carry out many daily occupations, as well as live independently. When a victim flees domestic violence, they often find themselves seeking support and safety from domestic violence shelters. These shelters are designed to focus on the victim’s immediate physical needs and less on their mental health …

The Role Of A Principal In Creating A School Climate In Which New American Students Thrive: An Ethnographic Case Study Of A Midwest Magnet School, Attia Noor

Theses and Dissertations

This ethnographic case study used the lens of multiculturalism to examine the role of a school principal in creating a climate in which New American students can thrive. Three discrete data gathering methods were utilized in this study including policy documents obtained from the school district website and the school, a two week period of in-school observations, and interviews of the principal and school staff members selected through purposive sampling. A focus group interview of parents was also used for data collection. Data were analyzed by using a constant comparative method to explore the meanings educators had attached to their …

Variables Influencing Help-Seeking Intentions For Early Symptoms Of Alzheimer’S Disease In An American Indian And Alaska Native Sample, Autumn Arch

Theses and Dissertations

Guided by the Sociocultural Health Belief Model (SHBM) of dementia care-seeking, this study aimed to evaluate the role of several factors, including health system barriers, cultural beliefs and knowledge of Alzheimer’s disease, in predicting help-seeking intentions for early symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease among American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs). Participant recruitment and study procedures took place online. Participants completed a series of online surveys designed to assessed predictor variables from the proposed model and help-seeking intentions from several care sources (i.e., informal, traditional, and biomedical). A total of 118 participants were included in the final sample. Three-step hierarchical regressions were conducted to …

At-Home Childcare Providers’ Perceptions Of Gardening With Children, Erin Lauckner

Theses and Dissertations

Children do not consume recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables, which has been correlated with negative health consequences. Gardening with children has been shown to positively impact children’s consumption of these foods. While research investigating gardening with children exists, much of this has been conducted with teachers and children in schools, and limited research has been conducted with childcare providers and preschool-aged children. Little research has been conducted about this topic with in-home childcare providers and the children under their care. This pilot study utilized a cross-sectional mixed methods research design through an online survey instrument. A convenience sample of …

Influences On The Development Of Ethical Decision-Making In Speech-Language Pathology Students: A Phenomenological Study Of Graduate Students And Clinical Supervisors, Joni K. Mehrhoff

Theses and Dissertations

Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) serve as members of the interprofessional team for complex patients. As such, SLPs are required to uphold ethical practices and respond to the needs of patients, their families, healthcare organizations, and the interprofessional team. Speech-language pathology graduates are part of the ethical healthcare team during clinical experiences. Yet, limited research is available to define the development of student ethical decision-making. The purpose of this study was to explore what influences SLP graduate students and clinical supervisors ascribe to in the development of ethical decision-making. Participants included five SLP graduate students and six SLP clinical supervisors from accredited …

Predictors Of Fruit And Vegetable Intake Among University Students, Ashley Citrowske

Theses and Dissertations

Students’ food preferences may change and develop while attending college. These changes could have an impact on their nutritional health during enrollment and after graduation and, as an extension, their disease risk and overall health. College students living on or near a campus are a convenient population to provide health and nutrition education. A cross-sectional, secondary analysis was completed on NCHA-ACHA health survey data from one public, Midwestern university. Survey questions relating to dietary behaviors were included in this secondary data analysis. Females were more likely to report higher intake of fruits and vegetables compared with males. Fruit and vegetable …

Motor Competency's Relationship To Interpersonal Coordination In Stationary Basketball Dribbling, Daniel Bell

Theses and Dissertations

A gold standard for student pairing strategies in a physical education setting has still yet to be discovered and is a widely debated topic in the field. Inclusion and equitable learning environments are areas of emphasis for practitioners while trying to find new ways to elicit these things to benefit students. Interpersonal coordination (IC), a social phenomenon on which this study focused, has direct applications for pairing strategies in physical education. In essence, IC is a state in which two individuals non-consciously mimic each other’s motor patterns. IC was measured between 182 student pairings performing stationary basketball dribbling. Participants included …

Effects Of Exercise Training On Resting Testosterone Concentrations In Sedentary Men: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Nolan James Potter

Theses and Dissertations

Background: The anabolic hormone testosterone plays a pivotal role in the healthy aging of men and tends to decline with age.

Objective: The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were twofold: 1) to evaluate the effect of exercise training on resting total testosterone concentration in men; and 2) to determine if the effects of exercise training differed by training type, age or weight status.

Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) were systematically searched (up to and including 19 September 2019) for peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting the following criteria: apparently healthy, previously sedentary men (aged ≥18 …

Bio-Regenerative Life Support Systems Functional Stability And Limitations, A Theoretical Modeling Approach, Curt I. Holmer

Theses and Dissertations

Experiments with Ecological Closed Life Support Systems (ECLSS) for moderate sized crews have shown instability when supporting crews over long periods of time required for deep space travel. Tests such as Russia’s BIOS series, NASA’s Lunar-Mars Life Support Test Project (LMLSTP), ESA’s Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA), and Japan’s Closed Ecology Experiment Facilities (CEEF) have shown that microalgae and higher plants combined with physical-chemical material converters can be a successful part of a Biological Life Support System or a Closed Ecological Life Support System. LMLSTP, MELiSSA, and CEBAS experiments as well as commercial Ecosphere products have proven stability at …

Winter Commencement: December 19-20, 2019, University Of North Dakota

UND Commencement Programs

UND Winter Commencement program from December 19-20, 2019.

Volume 57, Number 17: December 04, 2019, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) And The Nutrition Care Process, Emily Anderson

Nutrition & Dietetics Student Publications

This paper displays the role that Registered Dietitians can play in the care of patients with COPD and it’s related side effects. A registered dietitian nutritionist’s (RDNs) job is to ensure adequate care through thorough assessment, diagnosis, treatment and evaluation, otherwise known as the Nutrition Care Process (ADIME-NCP). Through the story of my uncle and his journey with COPD you are able to understand the struggles this chronic disease can have and how RDN’s play a role in their care.