Digital Commons Network^™

Dissenting Opinion?, Richard Collins

Tribal Law Journal

Johnson v. M’Intosh is important for its extensive description of the racist Doctrine of Discovery. But its holding had no bearing on legal rights of American Indian nations. The opinion’s articulation of tribal rights to land ownership and retained sovereignty were correctly stated.

The International Law Of Colonialism: Johnson V. M’Intosh And The Doctrine Of Discovery Applied Worldwide, Robert J. Miller

Tribal Law Journal

The United States Supreme Court’s first Indian law case, Johnson v. M’Intosh, was decided in 1823. In that case, the Court summarized and then applied four hundred years of international law and colonization to the Indigenous nations and peoples within the United States. Johnson is still the law in the United States today and has also influenced the jurisprudence and histories of other settler colonial countries around the world. Johnson has been cited scores of times by courts in New Zealand, Australia, and Canada, as well as by the British Privy Council. The elements or factors that make up this …

Bizindan Miinawa (Listen Again), Matthew L.M. Fletcher

Tribal Law Journal

Johnson v. McIntosh was as fake as John Wayne’s teeth. That one was a property dispute, remember? Two wealthy, privileged, and powerful white people squared off over thousands of acres of land acquired from Indigenous nations who called the vast valley of Eagle River home. On one side, you had a former United States Supreme Court Justice; on the other, you had a wealthy political benefactor/beneficiary. No tribal nations or Indigenous peoples to be seen or heard from. And of course, the competing property claims at issue barely overlapped, if at all, thanks to stipulations of the parties at the …

Environmental Justice Is A Civil Rights Issue, Secretary Deb Haaland

Tribal Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Nakomidizo: An Anishinaabe Law Response To Two-Hundred Years Of Johnson V. M’Intosh And The Doctrines Of Discovery And Implicit Divesture, Kekek Jason Stark

Tribal Law Journal

Responding to the history involved in the establishment and perpetuation of the doctrines of discovery and implicit divesture, this article critiques how federal Indian law has been developed to support the diminishment of tribal sovereignty through the perpetuation of historical assimilation policies. In response, this article will show that the diminishment of tribal sovereignty through the perpetuation of historical assimilation policies can be overcome with the effective implementation of tribal law principles. To counter the narrative of diminished sovereignty, I offer an understanding of the trust responsibility from an Anishinaabe law perspective. In particular, the revitalization of tribal law through …

Decolonizing Digital Accessibility Within Land/Water Realities Using Minimal Computing, Mary Rice

Researchers

The purpose of this essay is to conceptualize accessibility in digital education for school children through a minimal computing perspective. This perspective prioritizes the contextual, social, and relational as part of the ethic of minimal computing mantra to consider What. We. Need. To achieve our goals, we begin with a story from a classroom in rural New Mexico, then we problematize definitions of accessibility for computing in educational settings considering how an identification as having disabilities is situated within colonial monolingual/monocultural structures that position minds and bodies as deficient. We connect these structures to capitalistic educational technology movements like using …

Summary Report Of Discussions At The Ana Forum 2024, Berkeley, Ca “How Can The North American Nepali Diaspora Contribute To Nepal’S Economic Development?”,, Ambika P. Adhikari

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

The ANA 2024 annual convention, organized on ANA’s 42nd founding anniversary, was held in the San Francisco Bay Area (Berkeley and Oakland) in California, where hundreds of ANA members and friends had gathered. The convention consisted of several forums, sessions, and cultural programs. As always, the convention included a Nepal-related forum “How Can the North American Nepali Diaspora Contribute to Nepal’s Economic Development?” The Forum took place from 1:30-2:30 pm on Saturday July 20, 2024. Four panelists, including the moderator, spoke at the forum. About 45-50 individuals attended the session. Guest panelist, Dr. Minendra Rijal sent a message as he …

Narratives On Nepal’S Coalition Politics, Ashis Adhikary

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

On 2nd July 2024, the Communist Party of Nepal- United Marxist Leninist (UML) struck a power-sharing deal with its earlier nemesis, the Nepali Congress (NC), and formed a new coalition. Surprisingly, UML left its ruling ally, the Maoist Center (MC) barely four months after joining hands. Coalition politics in Nepal ages old but this newly formed coalition nonplussed the analyst and political sphere. There are scattered and obstinate market narratives regarding this coalition. A gap exists in thematically framing those narrations. Therefore, this paper thematically presents those scattered narrations under three levels: individual, state, and system. At the individual level, …

The Complexity Of American Federalism, Christian G. Fritz

Faculty Scholarship

For the Balkinization Symposium on Alison L. LaCroix, The Interbellum Constitution: Union, Commerce, and Slavery in the Age of Federalisms (Yale University Press, 2024).

Alison LaCroix’s insightful new book, The Interbellum Constitution, builds on an often-overlooked fact: that Americans living before the Civil War did not know they were part of an “antebellum” period. That oversight has contributed to a conventional narrative of constitutional history and doctrine during the first half of the nineteenth-century that tends to read that history and doctrine backwards through the lens of a war that contemporaries did not know would define them. From this …

The Role Of Elevation In The Migration, Physiology, And Genomic Diversification Of Birds, Jessie L. Williamson

Biology ETDs

Elevational gradients cause profound eco-climatic variation across short distances. Partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂) is a severe challenge that organisms face at high elevations; due partly to specialization on PO₂, most Neotropical bird species have narrow elevational ranges. However, a small fraction are elevational generalists that span sea level to high elevations, and a subset undertake extreme migratory journeys from low to high elevations biannually. My dissertation combines diverse approaches across levels of biological organization to understand how elevation impacts the ecology, evolution, physiology, and migration of montane birds. I examined ‘extreme’ elevational …

Engineered Nucleic-Acid Binding Intrinsically Disordered Proteins For Biomedical Applications, Telmo Diez Perez

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

This dissertation explores the use of intrinsically disorder proteins (IDPs) in biomedical applications related to the detection and biosensing of nucleic-acid species. We engineer several low critical solution temperature (LCST) nucleic-acid binding elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) as model IDPs and study their potential in biomedical application via interactions with short single-stranded (ss) DNA, tRNA and viral RNAs. First, we engineer a simple polycationic ELP capable of recruiting DNA on demand in a DNA-protein-rich condensate via LLPS. Moreover, we develop a modified Flory-Huggins theory to quantify the partitioning of DNA and protein upon coacervate formation with and without salts. We then design …

Teachers’ Self-Reported Practices Of Teaching Academic Writing In Pakistani Universities, Hafiz Yar

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

This study has explored teachers’ self-reported practices of teaching academic writing in Pakistani universities. The English language based developmental literacy courses in Pakistani undergraduate degrees are offered as part of the curricula rather than through specialized language centers. The three-course progression of developmental English literacy in Pakistani undergraduate curricula aims to develop academic writing proficiency besides effective business communication and technical report writing skills.

This study has used generic qualitative research methodology (Caelli et al., 2003; Kahlke, 2014; Kostere & Kostere, 2021), snowball sampling for participant recruitment, and a combination of survey and one-to-one semi structured interviews for data collection. …

Crowdstrike Cyber Incident Vs. Past Major Cyber Incidents: Analysis And Solutions, Priyant Banerjee

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

On July 19, 2024, a technical malfunction in CrowdStrike’s Falcon sensor software led to a global ITdisruption, affecting millions of devices across multiple sectors. This incident, although not a direct cyber-attack, caused significant operational upheavals reminiscent of major past cyber incidents. This paperexplores the CrowdStrike incident in detail, compares it with previous major cyber events, and proposescomprehensive solutions to mitigate such risks in the future.The faulty update from CrowdStrike resulted in widespread system crashes, notably the "Blue Screen ofDeath," paralyzing operations in critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. The paperexamines the immediate and cascading effects of the incident, …

A New Approach Of Tree Soft Set With Mcdm Technique For Leadership In International Climate Policy: Measuring Renewable Energy Sources And Policies, Nouran Ajabnoor

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Green technological progress can be achieved by mitigation efforts of leadership in climate policy. Renewable energies need to develop technological innovations for more competitive advantages. This study proposed a decision-making methodology for evaluating renewable energy sources under leadership in international climate policy. This study used the multi-criteria decision-making methodology to deal with conflicting criteria in the decision-making problem. The evaluation is based on the distance from the average solution (EDAS) method, which ranks the alternatives. The criteria weights are computed by using the average method. The neutrosophic set deals with uncertainty and vague information in the evaluation process. The neutrosophic …

Finding Minimal Units In Several Two-Fold Fuzzy Finite Neutrosophic Rings, Raed Hatamleh, Ayman Hazaymeh

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In this paper, we have defined the concept of minimal units in finite two-fold fuzzy neutrosophic rings modulo integers as a generalization of classical elements of the group of units of the mentioned neutrosophic rings. We apply our results to characterize all minimal units in the following two-fold neutrosophic rings (����(��)) ���� for �� ∈ {2,3,4,5}.

An Adaptive Neutrosophic Large Neighborhood Search And Its Application, Jun Jiang, Fangwei Zhang, Yiying Pan, Rui Wang, Zhu Han

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

the improvement degree in the new solution, which causes fuzziness and uncertainty in the operator score. To solve the aforementioned problem, the main innovation of this study is to propose an adaptive neutrosophic large neighborhood search (ANLNS). Specifically, the main work is as follows. Firstly, the number of times each operator scores are quantified by constructing NSs, thereby analyzing algorithm performance and preventing the idealization of scores. Secondly, a novel neutrosophic utility function and score function are proposed to assign an appropriate score for the operator within a reasonable interval. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed ANLNS is …

The Indefinite Integrals Of Refined Neutrosophic Trigonometric Functions, Yaser Ahmad Alhasan, Florentin Smarandache, Mohamed Elghazali Ali Mohamed, Raja Abdullah Abdulfatah

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

in this paper, we presented the indefinite integrals of refined neutrosophic trigonometric functions, where we discussed the integrals by distinguishing several cases of these types of refined neutrosophic integrals. Also, we introduced the refined neutrosophic trigonometric identities, which makes it easier for us to find these types of integrals. In addition, to supporting this with appropriate examples.

Utilizing New Temporal Complex Neutrosophic Aczel-Alsina Aggregation Operators For Multi-Criteria Decision Making: An Application To Tourist Destination Selection, Le Mai Trang, Nguyen Tho Thong, Nguyen Thi Lan Nhi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The Temporal Complex Neutrosophic Set (TCNS) is a powerful extension of the Neutrosophic theory, and TCNS has added advantage to represents uncertain, indeterminate, inconsistent and time related factors. In the literature TCNS has been used for multi-criteria decision-making problems, especially in the time-aware systems. In order to tackle effectively decision-making problems in the TCNS environment effectively, it is crucial to make suite aggregation operators that enable decision makers to process preferences in a nuanced manner. In this paper, we introduce novel TCNS aggregation operators based on Aczel and Alsina t-norm and t-conorm using Aczel-Alsina operations, and we propose a multi-criteria …

Ed Point Results In Neutrosophic B- Metric Like Spaces, Pandiselvi M., Jeyaraman. M.

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In this manuscript we introduce the idea of Neutrosophic b-metric like spaces along with numerous significant illustrations. Moreover, we present numerous fixed point results in Neutrosophic b-metric like space and we gave some examples to support our main results.

Generalized Symmetric Fermatean Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrices, M. Anandhkumar, A. Bobin, S. M. Chithra, V. Kamalakannan

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study explores a new type of matrix called a range-symmetric Fermatean neutrosophic fuzzy matrix (FNFM), inspired by the concept of range-Hermitian matrices. We demonstrate that all FNFMs inherently possess a specific property we term "Pythagorean neutrosophic fuzzy," (PNFM) but the reverse is not always true. Furthermore, we delve into graphical representations of FNFMs with specific symmetry properties (kernel-symmetric (KS), column symmetric, and range-symmetric (RS)) and show that these properties hold for all isomorphic graphs. The study goes on to establish equivalent characterizations for range-symmetric FNFMs and identify conditions for KS FNFMs. We introduce a novel concept: k-KS and RS …

Magdm Technique Based On Linguistic Neutrosophic Tangent Dombi Aggregation Operators And Its Application In Selecting New Energy Design Schemes, Lu Niu, Jun Ye

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In linguistic decision theory, multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) of linguistic neutrosophic numbers (LNNs) is one of the crucial research topics. Existing LNN aggregation algorithms do not consider trigonometric periodicity. In this case, they cannot perform MAGDM problems including periodic/multitemporal applications in LNN scenarios. To fill this gap, this article aims to present a MAGDM technique using the LNN tangent Dombi aggregation operators (TDAOs) for addressing MAGDM issues including multitemporal/periodic applications in LNN scenarios. First, we present the linguistic tangent Dombi t-norm and t-conorm and the LNN tangent Dombi operation laws. Second, we propose the LNN tangent Dombi weighted average and …

Neutrosophic Regular Rings And Properties Of Their Ideals, Murhaf Riad Alabdullah

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The goal of the research is to discover the required and sufficient conditions for ��(��) to be a neutrosophic regular as well as the properties of the neutrosophic ideals in the neutrosophic regular ring. Despite differences in the form of the elements and ideals in neutrosophic and classical rings, we discovered that the necessary and sufficient requirements for the classical ring to be regular also apply to neutrosophic rings.

Developing Neutrosophic Cubic Spherical Fuzzy Sets Along With Their Exponential Aggregation Operators For Decision-Making Problems, Monika Yadav, Rakesh Kumar Bajaj, Aman Sharma

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In this article, we have devised the notion of neutrosophic cubic spherical fuzzy sets (NCSFSs) for the first time and discussed their basic binary operations along with important properties. This proposition has been framed superimposing the existing notions of spherical neutrosophic set (SNS) as well as the interval-valued neutrosophic spherical fuzzy set (IVNSFS). This proposition computationally helps in handling incompatible situations where each element has been addressed by truth, indeterminacy, and false membership values. Next, some important exponential operational laws have been relationally established for NCSFSs, highlighting their significant properties. Furthermore, to address decision-making challenges in the NCSFS environment, we …

Harmonic Mean Operator Based Madm-Strategy Under Svpn-Set Environment, Bimal Shil, Suman Das, Rakhal Das, Binod Chandra Tripathy

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

By using single-valued pentapartitioned neutrosophic set (briefly SVPN-set), one can express uncertainty events having incomplete, indeterminate, and erroneous information in practical applications. This study's primary goal is to present a multi-attribute decision-making (briefly MADM) algorithm that operates in the SVPN-set environment using the notion of single-valued pentapartitioned neutrosophic harmonic mean (briefly SVPNHM) operator and single-valued pentapartitioned neutrosophic weighted harmonic mean (briefly SVPNWHM) operator. Further, we provide a numerical illustration here like, “Location Selection for Installation of Outdoor Air Purifier” to validate the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed MADM algorithm.

New Neutrosophic Sentiment Analysis Method Based On Neutroalgebra For The Evaluation Of Ethics In Companies, Lilia Esther Valencia Cruzaty, Adriana Mercedes Ruiz Reynoso, Blanca Estela Hernández Boni-Lla

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Ethics is a discipline that has broken the limits of its field of study, which is related to having the right behavior towards other people, but also to respect nature and life. This has been extended to the accounting and organizational management of companies. This paper proposes a sentiment analysis method based on the NeutroGroup obtained from offuninorms defined by the combining functions in Prospector. The advantage of the proposed method is that in addition to "like" and "dislike", we obtain a result of indeterminacy that can be due either to neutrality or to a contradiction in the short informal …

A New Development Of Entropy And Similarity Measures In Temporal Complex Neutrosophic Environments For Tourist Destination Selection, Luong Thi Hong Lan, Nguyen Tho Thong, Nguyen Long Giang, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In human existence, making decisions is a common event. Various techniques have been devised to tackle decision-making troubles in practical situations. Over the past ten years, a great deal of study has concentrated on quantifying the degree of ambiguity and unpredictability in knowledge using the concept of neutrosophic sets or extensions thereof. An efficient framework for handling information in decision-making problems involving uncertain, indeterminate, and time-related aspects is the Temporal Complex Neurosophic Set (TCNS). Measures of entropy and similarity can be helpful for evaluating data to solve multicriteria decisionmaking (MCDM) challenges in practical situations. However, TCNS information measurements were of …

Statistical Convergence Sequences In Neutrosophic Metric Spaces, J. Johnsy, M. Jeyaraman

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In this study, motivated by the notion of statistical convergence in intuitionistic fuzzy metric space, we present the ideas of statistical convergence and cauchy sequences with regard to the neutrosophic metric spaces. This study also discusses the statistical completeness on neutrosophic metric space with an example and results.

Total Domination In Uniform Single Valued Neutrosophic Graph, T. P. Sreelakshmi, K. Uma Samundesvari

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In graph theory, the neutrosophic graph is a new extension of the intuitionistic fuzzy graph and fuzzy graph. It offers greater accuracy and flexibility in scheduling and implementing numerous real-life issues. The introduction of neutrosophic graphs has opened up an excellent opportunity to portray real-world situations with incomplete and ambiguous information. These neutrosophic graph models are used in many industrial and scientific domains to simulate various problems. This article offers a new approach for calculating the total dominating set of a given single-valued neutrosophic graph using neutrosophic strong arcs. An example is illustrated for calculating the total dominating sets of …

Kalman Bucy Filtered Neuro Fuzzy Image Denoising For Medical Image Processing, Mohanapriya G., Muthukumar S., Santhosh Kumar S., Shanmugapriya M. M.

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Neutrosophic sets (NS) have referred to as interval fuzzy sets applied in minimizing the uncertainty and fuzziness in computer-vision and machine-learning communities and hence employed for several applications. As far as medical image processing applications are concerned NSs are obtained as an important technique for de-noising. Also, fuzzy segmentation with machine and deep learning is determined as a familiar procedure that splits input image into distinct regions for precise learning. Several research works conducted in different image-processing domains. However, less works was focused on denoising and segmentation of medical image processing with minimal time complexity and accuracy. In this work …

Identification Of Most Impact Factors Of Cibil Score Using Fermatean Neutrosophic Dombi Fuzzy Graphs, P. Chellamani, R. Sundareswaran, M. Shamugapriya, Said Broumi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Graph theory plays a vital role in modeling real-world scenarios like network security and expert systems. Various extensions of graph theoretical conceptions have been designed for addressing uncertainty in graphical network scenarios. The concept of Fermatean Neutrosophic Dombi Fuzzy Graphs (FNDFgraphs) represents a novel and innovative extension in graph theory, combining the principles of Fermatean Neutrosophic fuzzy graphs and the Dombi operator. FNDFGs enhances the representation and analysis of uncertain rela- tionships in a graph also it o ers a more comprehensive and exible approach to modeling uncertainty in graph structures. The main objective of this present research study focused …