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Household Food Security In Developing Countries: Understanding The Role Of Dynamic Natural And Social Systems, Steven Archambault Aug 2012

Household Food Security In Developing Countries: Understanding The Role Of Dynamic Natural And Social Systems, Steven Archambault

Economics ETDs

The lack of consistent and reliable levels of nutritious food may be one of the most brutal results of poverty. Beyond the human suffering, the lack of food security has damaging economic consequences, making it difficult for communities to break poverty cycles. This dissertation studies the various decisions made by households, governments, and the international community that impact household food security. Food security, the long-term availability of nutritious foods, is essentially achieved through a trade-off of consumption and investment in assets and capital to ensure future availability of food. Chapter 2 builds an optimal control model to analyze the trade-offs …

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The Relationship Of Quizzing And Student Success In A College Level Core Statistics Course, David Glavin Aug 2012

The Relationship Of Quizzing And Student Success In A College Level Core Statistics Course, David Glavin

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

This study investigated the relationship between quizzing and student success in an introductory college level statistics course. Demographic and student performance data were collected from a 100-level introductory Statistics course at the University of New Mexico during the Fall 2011 semester. Two statistical models were developed to determine if quizzing is related to student success as measured by final letter grades and final exam scores. Predictive modeling to determine the relationship between quizzing and students final exam scores using a Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) found quizzing to be marginally significant (p-value = 0.0567). Probabilistic modeling using logistic regression to predict …

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Uranium-Series Geochronology And Stable Isotope Analysis Of Travertine From Soda Dam, New Mexico : A Quaternary Record Of Episodic Spring Discharge And Rivern Incision In The Jemez Mountains Hydrothermal System, April Jean Tafoya Aug 2012

Uranium-Series Geochronology And Stable Isotope Analysis Of Travertine From Soda Dam, New Mexico : A Quaternary Record Of Episodic Spring Discharge And Rivern Incision In The Jemez Mountains Hydrothermal System, April Jean Tafoya

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

High precision uranium-series (U-series) geochronology provides data on timing of travertine deposition at Soda Dam, and a paleohydrologic record for the Valles Caldera hydrothermal system in Northern New Mexico for at least the last 500 ka. Travertine-depositing springs occur in San Diego Canyon, the only surface drainage outlet for the Valles Caldera, along the intersection of the Jemez fault zone (JFZ) and the Jemez River. This travertine-depositing hot spring system is part of the Valles Caldera geothermal system, which has been active throughout the Quaternary and explored for the past three decades for geothermal energy potential. New dates, compiled with …

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An Overview Of Laser Operation And Modelocking Of A Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (Vecsel), Aaron Allen Aug 2012

An Overview Of Laser Operation And Modelocking Of A Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (Vecsel), Aaron Allen

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

VECSEL laser systems are important additions to the family of lasers. They exhibit a combination of desirable lasing features that are usually not simultaneously attainable. These features are high power, diffraction limited beam quality, intra-cavity frequency doubling, tunability, and ultrashort pulses generated from passive mode-locking. In this work, we give a brief overview of the VECSEL structure, previous VECSEL literature, how lasing in a VECSEL works, and how mode locking in a VECSEL works.

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The Effect Of Carbon Dioxide On The Density And Compressibility Of Kimberlitic Magma, Alison R. Santos Aug 2012

The Effect Of Carbon Dioxide On The Density And Compressibility Of Kimberlitic Magma, Alison R. Santos

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

Constraints were placed on the density of kimberlitic melts containing varying amounts of CO2 using high pressure sink/float experiments. The melt composition used was carefully selected and was prepared free of H2O and minor elements in order to focus on the effect of CO2. Experiments were run in graphite capsules over a pressure range of 4-10 GPa in a multi-anvil apparatus using Fo100 and Fo90 spheres as density markers. The compositions used contained 0, 3, 6, and 12 wt% CO2 and were derived from mixing the 0 and 12 wt% CO2 compositions together. Run products were analyzed with FTIR to …

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Conceptualizing Mental Health: A Qualitative Study On Mexican Immigrant Mothers' Definition Of Their Children's Mental Health In New Mexico, Cirila Estela Vasquez Guzman Aug 2012

Conceptualizing Mental Health: A Qualitative Study On Mexican Immigrant Mothers' Definition Of Their Children's Mental Health In New Mexico, Cirila Estela Vasquez Guzman

Sociology ETDs

Parents play a significant role in many areas of their childrens mental health, including understanding the concept, detection, utilization, and treatment options. Despite the importance of parents' role, there is relatively little research in the United States on Latino parents' conceptualization of the term mental health. This study focuses on understanding conceptualization patterns of children's mental health among low-income Mexican immigrant mothers. I utilize the social construction framework to investigate the social nature of the construct mental health. I also engage with the medicalization literature to shed light on the biomedical model's perspective on mental health. Nine focus groups were …

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Experimental Study Of Electrostatic Aerosol Filtration At Moderate Filter Face Velocity, Andres Sanchez Aug 2012

Experimental Study Of Electrostatic Aerosol Filtration At Moderate Filter Face Velocity, Andres Sanchez

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

Electrostatic filtration media (electret) has been used in many applications due to its ability to efficiently collect submicron particles while maintaining a low pressure drop. Filter face velocities have ranged from 0.01-0.5 m/s in previous studies. However, in this study, measurements were conducted from 0.5-2.5 m/s, a region where Reynolds numbers range from 0.05-0.24. Within this regime, commonly used filtration theory is incomplete and does not predict performance of electret media, therefore data must be measured. Experimental measurements were conducted in various combinations of charge and neutralized filter media with aerosolized particles possessing the Boltzmann charge distribution or zero charge. …

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Specimen Catalog & Field Notes, Bethany L. Abrahamson Aug 2012

Specimen Catalog & Field Notes, Bethany L. Abrahamson

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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The Junior Scientist Outreach Program Handbook: A Guide To The Preparation, Execution, And Evaluation Of A Sustainability-Themed Informal Science Education Outreach Program, Martha Josefina Vargas Aug 2012

The Junior Scientist Outreach Program Handbook: A Guide To The Preparation, Execution, And Evaluation Of A Sustainability-Themed Informal Science Education Outreach Program, Martha Josefina Vargas

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

This handbook is intended to provide the history of and methodology for the preparation, execution and evaluation of an informal science education program that is based in a predominantly Hispanic community in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Because this program, known as The Junior Scientist Outreach Program (JSOP), has already positively impacted the lives of hundreds of students and families, the importance and relevance of its continuation will be highlighted and reiterated throughout the instructions and step-by-step procedures.

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Wednesday Communiqué, 8/22/2012, Chaouki Abdallah Aug 2012

Wednesday Communiqué, 8/22/2012, Chaouki Abdallah

Publications of the Provost's Office

I am confident you are all enjoying your 3rd day of the Fall 2012 semester. As you approach your work this semester, many goals may seem possible and within reach. While I feel the same, I tend to overestimate my abilities and underestimate cost and time for almost everything I do. It may behoove us to consider the planning fallacy, or the tendency for people and organizations to underestimate how long they will need to complete a task, even when they have experience of similar tasks over-running.''

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Mph Principles Of Public Health: Fall 2012 Syllabus, Nina Wallerstein, Robert Rhyne, Jonathan Eldredge Aug 2012

Mph Principles Of Public Health: Fall 2012 Syllabus, Nina Wallerstein, Robert Rhyne, Jonathan Eldredge

Principles of Public Health 2010-2017

No abstract provided.

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Sharing Science: A Study On The Effects Of Informal Science Education Outreach With Elementary Students, Martha Jo Vargas, Diane L. Marshall, Teresa E. Sheldahl Aug 2012

Sharing Science: A Study On The Effects Of Informal Science Education Outreach With Elementary Students, Martha Jo Vargas, Diane L. Marshall, Teresa E. Sheldahl

Biology ETDs

Science education reform has prompted scientists, engineers, and politicians alike to act on the growing need for improved educational programs in the STEM fields. Informal science programs that provide an educational experience outside of a traditional classroom and involve students on real-life and hands-on experiments are among these initiatives. It is hypothesized that informal science programs may increase students interest and performance in science and related subjects. Here we evaluate this by assessing the impacts of one such program, the Junior Scientist Outreach Program (JSOP), a weeklong, free-of-cost camp with fourth and fifth grade students in a predominately Hispanic/Latino community …

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Minutes Of 08/03/2012 Hsc Board Of Directors Mtg, Patrice Martin Aug 2012

Minutes Of 08/03/2012 Hsc Board Of Directors Mtg, Patrice Martin

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

No abstract provided.

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Wednesday Communiqué, 8/1/2012, Chaouki Abdallah Aug 2012

Wednesday Communiqué, 8/1/2012, Chaouki Abdallah

Publications of the Provost's Office

The One Question We Should Ask: I read recently that each organization needs to have one question that can guide it through challenges and changes. I believe that UNMs question should be: Is it good for our students?'

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Development Of Novel Organocatalytic Cascade Reactions And Application In Organic Systheses, Xixi Song Jul 2012

Development Of Novel Organocatalytic Cascade Reactions And Application In Organic Systheses, Xixi Song

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The development of new catalytic reactions, particularly synthetically efficient cascade processes for the facile preparation of important molecular architectures, which otherwise are difficult to access via traditional methods, is of considerable significance. Toward this end, my Ph.D. work focuses on developing new organocatalytic reactions and their applications in organic syntheses. A novel direct organocatalytic stereoselective α-arylation methodology has been discovered. The cross-coupling-like products are assembled using simple enals and various brominated aromatic systems, such as p-bromophenols, bromonaphthols and 3-bromoindoles. The products have been applied in the concise photo-syntheses of [α]-annulated carbazoles. Moreover, an unexpected reaction has been identified with aliphatic …

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Leading For Change: Measuring The Characteristics Of K-12 Principals In New Mexico, S. Michael Weinberg Jul 2012

Leading For Change: Measuring The Characteristics Of K-12 Principals In New Mexico, S. Michael Weinberg

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Research has established an indirect influence between school principals and student achievement on standardized tests. This paper considers how to measure the relationships between teacher and principal perceptions of four dimensions of principal leadership in New Mexicos K-12 schools—setting a shared vision, developing a culture of learning, managing resources, and collaborating with the community—and student scaled score growth over four years on New Mexico's standards-based assessments. Using two valid, reliable survey instruments, data was electronically collected from 437 teachers and 41 principals; aggregate reading and math scaled scores were also collected for all students in these 41 schools. Based on …

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Dynamics And Distribution Of Immunoglobolin E Receptors : A Dialog Between Experiment And Theory, Kathrin Spendier Jul 2012

Dynamics And Distribution Of Immunoglobolin E Receptors : A Dialog Between Experiment And Theory, Kathrin Spendier

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

This dissertation explores the dynamics and distribution of immunoglobulin E receptors (FceRI) on mast cells by drawing on the techniques of experimental and theoretical physics. The motivation for these investigations is provided by a considerable interest in the transmembrane signaling mechanisms of immunoreceptors, especially when triggered with membrane-bound ligands. Experimental investigations quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of the redistribution of FceRI due to membrane-bound monovalent ligands, using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and single-particle tracking. When mast cells contact such substrates, receptor clusters form at cell-substrate contact points. The initial rate of accumulation of receptors into these contact points or cell …

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Fluvial Processes, Beaver Activity, And Climate In The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem And Rock Type Control On Hillslope Morphology And Soil Development In The Sandia Mountains, New Mexico, Lyman Persico Jul 2012

Fluvial Processes, Beaver Activity, And Climate In The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem And Rock Type Control On Hillslope Morphology And Soil Development In The Sandia Mountains, New Mexico, Lyman Persico

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

This dissertation follows the hybrid format as defined by the University of New Mexico's Office of Graduate Studies. The three chapters were written as manuscripts to be submitted to different peer-reviewed journals. Chapter 1 is submitted to the journal Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. Chapter 2 will be submitted to the journal Climatic Change soon after this dissertation is published. Chapter 3 is already published in the journal Quaternary Research (November, 2011). Chapter 1 explores differences between historical and natural variability in fluvial systems in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. I used beaver-pond and other fluvial deposits as proxy records of …

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The Freedom Of The Good: A Study Of Plato's Ethical Conception Of Freedom, Siobhán Mcloughlin Jul 2012

The Freedom Of The Good: A Study Of Plato's Ethical Conception Of Freedom, Siobhán Mcloughlin

Philosophy ETDs

My dissertation argues that Plato has a concept of individual metaphysical freedom, making him a key figure in the emergence of the free will debate in the history of Western philosophy. A philosophy of freedom can be seen throughout his works, particularly in the Republic, the Laws, and the Phaedrus. I show that underlying Platonic moral psychology is the notion that an individual is free if her reasoning element rules her soul in line with the Good. This makes Platonic freedom a thoroughly ethical concept. In my first chapter, I examine Platos critique of three competing notions of freedom drawn …

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I Felt Like The Enemy And The Savior All At Once': English Teacher Identity In A Methods Course Wiki, Michelle Jewett Jul 2012

I Felt Like The Enemy And The Savior All At Once': English Teacher Identity In A Methods Course Wiki, Michelle Jewett

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

This study explores the identity constructions of two cohorts of preservice teachers enrolled in English methods courses during a semester of field experience. This research employs a qualitative methodology and documents the nature of participants responses posted to online wiki forum. Data sources include archived electronic interactions and course assignments such as reflective journals. Constant-comparative method as described by Creswell (2007), content analysis as described by Marshall & Rossman (2006), and Gee's (2003) notion of affinity identity are used to examine the discourses and ideologies of methods students as they construct notions of English teacher identity. Study findings indicate a …

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Adolescent Perceptions And Beliefs Of Proactive-Reactive Aggression Explored Through The Social Information Processing Model Of Aggression., John Salaz Jul 2012

Adolescent Perceptions And Beliefs Of Proactive-Reactive Aggression Explored Through The Social Information Processing Model Of Aggression., John Salaz

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Human aggression is a frequently studied aspect of human behavior. Although great strides have been made not one single theory can fully explain the complexity of aggression. The Social Information Processing model of aggression (Crick and Dodge, 1994) has served as a useful tool to examine differences amongst individuals. This model considers mechanisms through which every individual processes social information, ultimately leading towards behavior. This study examined adolescent aggression through the Social Information Processing model. Participants consisted of 149 male and female students from a large urban school district in southwestern United States. Each participant was assessed with measures of …

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The Complex Journey Of Biracial (Korean Plus Other Racial/Ethnic Backgrounds) Youth In The Southwest, Kwang-Jong Park Jul 2012

The Complex Journey Of Biracial (Korean Plus Other Racial/Ethnic Backgrounds) Youth In The Southwest, Kwang-Jong Park

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

This study explores how biracial (Korean plus another racial/ethnic background) youth come to understand their ethnic sense of self in a southwestern state with low ethnolinguistic vitality of Korean language. The qualitative study using individual interviews and focus interviews captures dynamic and complex aspects of identity development in relation to social actors, social contexts and self. Vygotskys concepts of Perezhivanie and Social Situations of Development describe the ways in which biracial youth perceive, experience, and reflect on identity-related events. Furthermore, this study investigates the role of language in the identity development of biracial youth. The present study sheds light on …

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A Proposed Palladium-Catalyzed Cycle For The Epoxidation Of Alkenes, Marie Vernell Parkes Jul 2012

A Proposed Palladium-Catalyzed Cycle For The Epoxidation Of Alkenes, Marie Vernell Parkes

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Epoxides are an important chemical functional group, used in a wide variety of processes, from the small-scale production of pharmaceuticals to the large-scale production of propylene oxide. Current methods for production of epoxides require costly multi-step syntheses that use toxic or explosive reagents, result in low yields, and produce co-products that must be removed and often disposed. The development of an atom-efficient general method, preferably catalytic, for converting alkenes to epoxides using safe, cheap, and readily available molecular oxygen as the stoichiometric oxidant would be a great advance in both industrial and academic chemistry. Presented here is a proposed catalytic …

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Monitoring And Anomaly Detection In Solar Thermal Systems Using Adaptive Resonance Theory Neural Networks, Hongbo He Jul 2012

Monitoring And Anomaly Detection In Solar Thermal Systems Using Adaptive Resonance Theory Neural Networks, Hongbo He

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

SHW systems are generally expected to last for at least 20 years with little or no maintenance. However, in many cases failures occur far sooner due to a variety of problems, many of which are undetected or detected long after the system has failed because the backup heater silently assumes the heating load. Some of the failures may cause the system to run inefficiently or even damage other system components, such as when a system loses fluid in the solar loop and the pump runs dry, eventually destroying itself. In recent years there has been an increasing demand for SHW …

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Measuring Acequia Functionality : Developing A Tool For Assessing New Mexico's Community-Based Irrigation Systems, Marcos A. Roybal Jul 2012

Measuring Acequia Functionality : Developing A Tool For Assessing New Mexico's Community-Based Irrigation Systems, Marcos A. Roybal

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

The semi-arid environment of the American Southwest has necessitated creative strategies for the use and management of water resources. In New Mexico and southern Colorado, one such strategy is the acequia irrigation system, which serves the dual purpose of delivering water and shaping community. This professional project provides a synthesis of existing knowledge with respect to acequias, and develops a tool, the Acequia Functionality Assessment, for evaluation of factors that contribute to the operation of acequias. It begins by summarizing the origin, development and use of acequias, and highlights the communal nature of their operation. Second, it briefly describes resilience …

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Adaptive Management For The Middle Rio Grande Endangered Species Collaborative Program : Analysis And Issues, Ralph Monfort Jul 2012

Adaptive Management For The Middle Rio Grande Endangered Species Collaborative Program : Analysis And Issues, Ralph Monfort

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

Adaptive management is a science-based methodology designed to deal with uncertainties in environmental applications using an iterative approach, sometimes called learning by doing. The Middle Rio Grande Endangered Species Collaborative Program (MRGESCP), consisting of sixteen federal, state, and local signatory organizations, adopted adaptive management in 2010 to aid in their charter 'to prevent extinction and promote recovery of [Endangered Species Act] listed species [the Rio Grande silvery minnow and the southwestern willow flycatcher] while allowing existing water uses and development of future water uses to continue in accordance with applicable federal and state laws' (Kelly & McKean, 2011, p. 4). …

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Benefits And Costs Of Diverting 0.2 Mgd Influent From Los Alamos County Wastewater System To Los Alamos National Laboratory Sanitary Wastewater System., Claire Kerven Jul 2012

Benefits And Costs Of Diverting 0.2 Mgd Influent From Los Alamos County Wastewater System To Los Alamos National Laboratory Sanitary Wastewater System., Claire Kerven

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

The Sanitary Waste System (SWS) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is an extended-air, activated sludge wastewater treatment facility that is designed to treat 0.6 million gallons per day (MGD). However, the facility rarely receives more than 0.3 MGD and occasionally less than 0.1 MGD. Lack of sufficient flow and organic concentration into SWS, particularly on weekends and holidays, results in an inconsistent and often very low biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Shortage of organic material leads to routine operation weaknesses and leaves SWS vulnerable to significant problems resulting from small amounts of toxic influents. The addition of residential influent from …

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Channel Rehabilitation To Increase Aquatic Habitat And Reestablish Floodplain Connectivity On The Upper Gila River, Eric Scherff Jul 2012

Channel Rehabilitation To Increase Aquatic Habitat And Reestablish Floodplain Connectivity On The Upper Gila River, Eric Scherff

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

Stream restoration is an opportunity to recover a substantial amount of lost ecosystem structure and function. This may be particularly beneficial for perennial streams in semi-arid regions because of the striking differences in productivity and biodiversity between the riparian corridor and surrounding uplands. We develop a plan to restore floodplain connectivity along a channelized reach of the unregulated Upper Gila River in southwestern New Mexico, and evaluate its potential to provide additional aquatic habitat. To identify the extent of historical channelization, primary and secondary documents are examined. Signs of current geomorphic processes are also considered to formulate a restoration design. …

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Estimating Phreatophyte Evapotranspiration From Diel Groundwater Fluctuations In The Middle Rio Grande Bosque, Christian Gunning Jul 2012

Estimating Phreatophyte Evapotranspiration From Diel Groundwater Fluctuations In The Middle Rio Grande Bosque, Christian Gunning

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

Throughout the Southwest, non-native phreatophytes such as saltcedar have rapidly replaced native cottonwoods along river corridors. The USDA Forest Service (USFS)Fuels Reduction Study (FRS) is an effort to quantify the effects of the removal of non-native riparian vegetation on multiple parameters of riparian ecology, including groundwater variation over time. Here, 8 years of measurements from 12 wells at 5 research sites in the Middle Rio Grande riparian corridor (bosque) of Albuquerque area are considered. Of these research sites, 4 were cleared of non-native vegetation, 2 experienced wild fires, and 1 was a control. This professional project quantified the connection between …

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What A Bitch: The Complexities Of Gender In Playwriting, Lawrence Chavez Jul 2012

What A Bitch: The Complexities Of Gender In Playwriting, Lawrence Chavez

Theatre & Dance ETDs

Harvesting pain to create difficult female characters that serve as the emotional catalysts for the plot is explored in my plays, Caballos Muertos and Señora de la Pinta. I discuss why I have chosen to reclaim the word "bitch" to describe angry Chicanas that have been a thematic necessity in my writing because of internal violence resulting from the colonization of the female body. I also reflect upon the use of contemporary feminist playwriting as an educational tool that teaches New Mexico history while at the same time allows for sensitivity concerning sexual identity and gender expression. Everyone is marginalized …

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