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"It Was A Whole New Environment": Transformative Organizational Culture And The Development Of Science Identity For Underrepresented Students In Science, Technology, Engineering And Math (Stem), Rebecca Ann Beals Jun 2016

"It Was A Whole New Environment": Transformative Organizational Culture And The Development Of Science Identity For Underrepresented Students In Science, Technology, Engineering And Math (Stem), Rebecca Ann Beals

Sociology ETDs

Traditional models of student success in higher education focus on access and retention of students, and fall short in their ability to explain the nuanced dynamics of identity formation that occurs for underrepresented STEM students. Drawing on Multicontextual Theory, I examine how academic environments offer non-traditional ways of developing an integrated science identity' in underrepresented STEM students and offer benefits to these students in terms of attraction to STEM, socialization and persistence. The intersectional, mixed-method data for this dissertation include in-depth interviews, focus groups, and student survey responses from various STEM contexts across multiple institutions in the Southwest. I discuss …

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Catalyst Layer Design In Polymer Membrane Fuel Cells, Sarah Stariha Jun 2016

Catalyst Layer Design In Polymer Membrane Fuel Cells, Sarah Stariha

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

One of the biggest obstacles to commercializing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is the use of platinum as a catalyst. One way to overcome this obstacle is to replace platinum with non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) catalysts, particularly for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The most realistic method of estimating the performance of non-PGM catalysts is testing within membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). One key issue is that non-PGM catalysts are not as active as platinum. One way to increase their performance is to optimize the catalyst layer composition, specifically the components responsible for ionic …

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June 7, 2016 Finance & Facilities (F&F) Committee Meeting, Evp For Administration Jun 2016

June 7, 2016 Finance & Facilities (F&F) Committee Meeting, Evp For Administration

Finance and Facilities Committee

Documents related to the June 7, 2016 Board of Regents' Finance and Facilities Committee Meeting. (Agenda, Minutes, eBook, Notice)

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Indigenous Communities Attempt To Halt Construction Of Massive Hydroelectric Facility In Chiapas, Carlos Navarro Jun 2016

Indigenous Communities Attempt To Halt Construction Of Massive Hydroelectric Facility In Chiapas, Carlos Navarro

SourceMex

No abstract provided.

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Withering Drought Hurting Farmers, Fish Industry In Nicaragua, Benjamin Witte-Lebhar May 2016

Withering Drought Hurting Farmers, Fish Industry In Nicaragua, Benjamin Witte-Lebhar

NotiCen

No abstract provided.

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A Gis-Based Investigation Into Social Violence And Settlement Patterns In The Gallina Area Of The American Southwest, Adam Muir Byrd May 2016

A Gis-Based Investigation Into Social Violence And Settlement Patterns In The Gallina Area Of The American Southwest, Adam Muir Byrd

Anthropology ETDs

The Gallina area is an ideal location for an investigation into social violence using GIS-based methods. Situated in northern New Mexico, the remote Gallina region and the Gallina phase (A.D. 1100\u20131300) in particular have a clear record of violence that peaked in the latter half of the 13th Century (Borck and Bremer 2015; Constan 2011). Although there is an abundant record of violence, the source of the violence remains unclear. Were the Gallina attacked by an outside group or groups? Did the Gallina turn on each other? Or was some combination of internecine conflict and foreign attacks to blame? The …

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Basketmaker Ii Warfare And Fending Sticks In The North American Southwest, Phil R. Geib May 2016

Basketmaker Ii Warfare And Fending Sticks In The North American Southwest, Phil R. Geib

Anthropology ETDs

Direct physical evidence and rock art, including head skin trophies, indicate that violence linked to warfare was prevalent among the preceramic farmers of the North American Southwest known as Basketmakers. The degree of intergroup conflict indicates that Basketmakers may have needed defense against atlatl darts. In the early 1900s archaeologists suggested that distinctive wooden artifacts served this purpose. Despite resembling Puebloan rabbit sticks, the first to report these S-shaped and flattened sticks with longitudinal facial grooves thought that hunting was not their purpose. Yet the sticks appear singularly inadequate for the task of atlatl dart defense. I evaluate the suggested …

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Estimating Ancestry And Genetic Diversity In Admixed Populations, Anthony Joseph Koehl May 2016

Estimating Ancestry And Genetic Diversity In Admixed Populations, Anthony Joseph Koehl

Anthropology ETDs

Admixture is a form of gene flow that occurs when long separated populations come into contact and exchange mates. Admixture has been a primary mechanism in the formation of many modern human populations. The genetic characteristics of an admixed population are intermediate to, yet distinct from, those of its ancestors. In this dissertation, I investigate biological and statistical factors that enter into the analysis of admixed populations using genetic marker data. In chapters one and two, I use genotype data from published sources that contain 618 microsatellite loci. In chapter three, I simulate genotypes of 500 microsatellite loci. In chapter …

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Retrospective Food Web Analysis Of Gila River Fishes Reveals Hydrologic Parameters Influence Non-Native Species Effects, Rosalee Anne Reese May 2016

Retrospective Food Web Analysis Of Gila River Fishes Reveals Hydrologic Parameters Influence Non-Native Species Effects, Rosalee Anne Reese

Biology ETDs

The relatively pristine upper Gila River in New Mexico is a stronghold for endemic native fishes despite the presence of non-native fishes. In other, more severely human-impacted tributaries in the Colorado River basin, non-native fishes are a major factor in native species decline and extirpation. I tested whether presumed negative effects of non-natives on natives are compounded during drought using an approach based on Stable Isotope Analysis (SIA) and comparisons of resource use overlap during different flow conditions. Fish specimens were selected from natural history collections to represent a time series that encompassed wet and dry years, as well as …

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Legacy Mining Metal Exposures Contribute To Circulating Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein And Serum Inflammatory Potential In A Native Community, Molly E. Harmon May 2016

Legacy Mining Metal Exposures Contribute To Circulating Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein And Serum Inflammatory Potential In A Native Community, Molly E. Harmon

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Numerous abandoned uranium mines (AUM) within the Navajo Nation contribute uranium (U), arsenic (As) and other metals to the soil, air and groundwater that continue to pose potential health risks to Navajo residents. The prevalence of inflammatory-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased among the Navajo community in recent decades. Environmental exposure to metal contaminants may alter the circulation in ways that are associated with the inflammation-driven process of atherosclerotic plaque formation. Thus, we hypothesize that exposures to AUM metal contaminants are associated with pro-atherogenic changes in the circulation as evidenced by increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) …

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Using Rollback Avoidance To Mitigate Failures In Next-Generation Extreme-Scale Systems, Scott Levy May 2016

Using Rollback Avoidance To Mitigate Failures In Next-Generation Extreme-Scale Systems, Scott Levy

Computer Science ETDs

High-performance computing (HPC) systems enable scientists to numerically model complex phenomena in many important physical systems. The next major milestone in the development of HPC systems is the construction of the first supercomputer capable executing more than an exaflop, 10^18 floating point operations per second. On systems of this scale, failures will occur much more frequently than on current systems. As a result, resilience is a key obstacle to building next-generation extreme-scale systems. Coordinated checkpointing is currently the most widely-used mechanism for handling failures on HPC systems. Although coordinated checkpointing remains effective on current systems, increasing the scale of today's …

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Evidence-Based Cybersecurity: Data-Driven And Abstract Models, Benjamin Edwards May 2016

Evidence-Based Cybersecurity: Data-Driven And Abstract Models, Benjamin Edwards

Computer Science ETDs

Achieving computer security requires both rigorous empirical measurement and models to understand cybersecurity phenomena and the effectiveness of defenses and interventions. To address the growing scale of cyber-insecurity, my approach to protecting users employs principled and rigorous measurements and models. In this dissertation, I examine four cybersecurity phenomena. I show that data-driven and abstract modeling can reveal surprising conclusions about longterm, persistent problems, like spam and malware, and growing threats like data-breaches and cyber conflict. I present two data-driven statistical models and two abstract models. Both of the data-driven models show that the presence of heavy-tailed distributions can make naive …

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The Lived Experiences Of Counseling Professionals Conducting Suicide Risk Assessments For Youth: A Phenomenological Approach, Christine Abassary May 2016

The Lived Experiences Of Counseling Professionals Conducting Suicide Risk Assessments For Youth: A Phenomenological Approach, Christine Abassary

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This study explored the lived experiences of counseling professionals conducting suicide risk assessments for youth kindergarten through 12th grade receiving a suicide risk assessment recommendation. A qualitative phenomenological approach was utilized to capture the perceptions of the participants in this study. Fifteen (15) in depth, semi-structured interviews and a focus group with seven (7) returning participants were the primary sources of data for this study. Five (5) themes emerged: Care, Supervisory Relationship, Challenges, Symptoms of Vicarious Trauma and Transcendent Growth Experiences. Implications for the counseling profession may encompass enhanced organizational development, supervision, training and clinical preparation for counseling professionals providing …

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Biomolecular Signatures Of Severe Malarial Anemia, Zachary Shamin Karim May 2016

Biomolecular Signatures Of Severe Malarial Anemia, Zachary Shamin Karim

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Plasmodium falciparum-associated severe malarial anemia [SMA, hemoglobin (Hb)< 5.0g/dL] is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in African children. Examination of the host immune response and underlying genotypic traits that condition SMA can offer an improved understanding of malaria pathogenesis. Previous investigations have suggested that SMA in high transmission regions is due to impaired erythropoiesis hemolysis and erythrocyte destruction. In the holoendemic transmission region of western Kenya our studies have shown that dyserythropoiesis drives and conditions SMA through poorly understood molecular pathways. Pediatric studies have shown that early erythroid cell populations as well as reticulocyte production is greatly reduced in children with SMA. The driving force of malaria pathogenesis is multifaceted and the mechanisms that promote erythropoietic dysfunction are still being understood. We hypothesize that SMA is conditioned by the immune response through underlying genetic factors that influence erythropoiesis resulting in a exacerbated disease state. To that end the studies described in this manuscript focus on the inflammatory chemokines, monokine induced by gamma (MIG) and interferon gamma-induced protein (IP10) as well as the hemoglobin-coding gene, hemoglobin alpha 2 (HBA2) in the context of SMA and dyserythropoiesis. The first study described herein, identified MIG and IP10 as important mediators associated with SMA. In this study we examined circulating MIG and I10 profiles in non-SMA and SMA children and then genotyped and constructed haplotypes between 5 individual polymorphic variants within the promoter regions for the MIG and IP10 for the entire study cohort (n=1,600). The second study described in this manuscript, utilized a global approach where genome wide association studies as well as whole-genome transcriptomics identified novel molecular pathways between non-SMA and SMA children. These analyses revealed that the expression of the hemoglobin-coding gene, HBA2 is significantly modulated between populations. We then examined these findings closer and genotyped a larger population for 2 promoter variants with the same approach described in the first study. Regression analysis of genotype and haplotype data for both studies revealed significant findings where several variant haplotypes correlated with SMA outcomes and erythropoietic response. Lastly, we used an in vitro model of erythropoiesis to determine if recombinant human MIG and IP10 as well as pediatric study serum (non-SMA and SMA) influence erythroid function. Our results from these studies revealed that pediatric serum from children with SMA influenced cell viability as well as erythroid lineage when we examined cell surface erythroid markers. A similar result was also seen in cell populations that were treated with the inflammatory mediators, MIG, and IP10 which reflected our proposal that serum from children with SMA and inflammatory mediators (MIG and IP10) infringe upon erythroid cell maturation and viability in vivo. Together the results from these studies independently verify the influence of biomolecular markers and mediators on SMA outcomes.

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Pulmonary Bcg Vaccination For Uniform Protection Against Tuberculosis In Environmental Mycobacteria Endemic Regions, Dominique Nicole Price May 2016

Pulmonary Bcg Vaccination For Uniform Protection Against Tuberculosis In Environmental Mycobacteria Endemic Regions, Dominique Nicole Price

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Currently, over one-third of the global population is infected with tuberculosis (TB), one of the world's most deadly infectious diseases. The current vaccine against TB, Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), is a live attenuated vaccine that is intradermally administered in over 150 countries around the world. Despite its widespread use, the vaccine has a variable protective efficacy of 0-80%, with the lowest efficacy rates in regions of the world where TB is most prevalent. This variability is partially due to environmental mycobacteria (EM) found in soil and water sources in areas of the world where BCG efficacy is poor. The research hypothesis …

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Bacteriophage Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Platforms: From Heart Disease To Malaria, Erin Crossey May 2016

Bacteriophage Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Platforms: From Heart Disease To Malaria, Erin Crossey

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Virus-like particles (VLPs) make excellent vaccines. They are non-infectious, often easy to produce in bacterial expression systems, and highly immunogenic. The latter feature is granted by the regularity of the capsid structure, which presents viral (or other) epitopes as dense, highly repetitive arrays that strongly stimulate B cells. VLPs can be used as the basis for vaccines targeting the virus from which they were derived, or they can be used as platforms to display practically any short peptide epitope in a multivalent format. Foreign peptides displayed on VLPs exhibit the same high immunogenicity as unmodified VLPs. Even self-antigens, normally subject …

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Ecocultural Adjustment: A Peace Corps Sojourn, Melissa Michelle Parks May 2016

Ecocultural Adjustment: A Peace Corps Sojourn, Melissa Michelle Parks

Communication ETDs

This work serves as a case study to extend, expand, and challenge the conventionally anthropocentric framing of cultural adjustment. I examine cultural adjustment through an ecocultural lens, reconceptualizing the process as ecocultural adjustment, which combines both cultural (human-centered) factors with environmental (both human-constructed and greater-than-human) elements in the process of sojourner adaptation. I utilize journal and blog entries along with my own memories through performative autoethnography to explore a 26-month sojourn with the US Peace Corps in Malawi, Africa, as well as the departure, travel, and return to the United States. Over the course of this reflective study, I explore …

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Inhaled Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Induce Systemic Inflammation And Endothelial Dysfunction Via Mmp-9 Induction, Mario Aragon May 2016

Inhaled Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Induce Systemic Inflammation And Endothelial Dysfunction Via Mmp-9 Induction, Mario Aragon

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Assessing the mechanisms underlying adverse cardiovascular effects induced by inhaled toxins presents a substantial research challenge. We propose that blood carries an as yet unknown "inflammatory potential" consisting of modified proteins or other biomolecules and reaction byproducts that affects a pathological bioactivity which can be assessed using naïve endothelial cells and blood vessels. The approach involves applying serum from exposed animals to cultured primary endothelial cells or ex vivo isolated arteries. Mice were exposed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT; 0, 10 or 40 μg) or other pollutants via pharyngeal aspiration and serum was collected at 4 and 24 h post-exposure. …

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The Environment Constrains Successful Search Strategies In Natural Distributed Systems, Drew Levin May 2016

The Environment Constrains Successful Search Strategies In Natural Distributed Systems, Drew Levin

Computer Science ETDs

This dissertation investigates two natural systems that use distributed search algorithms and tests the hypothesis that the searchers' environment is a key constraint on an optimal algorithm. Natural instances of distributed autonomous systems of simple components exist in both biology and social systems. These systems have been honed through eons of evolution by natural selection to perform well in their environment. I examine two specific systems that use distributed methods to search and recruit individuals to locations of interest: T cells' search for pathogens in the human body and ants searching for food. Both systems are examples of time-constrained processes …

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Software Testing Of Parallel Programming Frameworks, Beverly Klemme May 2016

Software Testing Of Parallel Programming Frameworks, Beverly Klemme

Computer Science ETDs

Parallel programming frameworks rapidly evolve to meet the performance demands of High Performance Computing (HPC) applications and the concurrent evolution of supercomputing class system architectures. To meet this demand, standards and specifications that outline the semantics and required capabilities of parallel programming models are being developed by committees of government and industry experts and then implemented by third parties. OpenMP and MPI are particularly prominent examples of such programming models and specifications, and are in common use in the HPC world. Comprehensive testing is required to be sure that any given implementation adheres to the published standard. The type and …

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Stochastic Methods For One-Sided Bipartite Crossing Minimization And Its Variants, Tanya Jeffries May 2016

Stochastic Methods For One-Sided Bipartite Crossing Minimization And Its Variants, Tanya Jeffries

Computer Science ETDs

The one-sided bipartite graph drawing problem has been extensively studied in the graph drawing literature, with numerous papers appearing over the years showing novel algorithms and heuristics for minimizing associated edge crossings. Although stochastic methods have been highly successful when applied to bipartite graph drawing, a large, comprehensive study to compare said methods has not been carried out for one-sided crossing minimization on traditional, unweighted graphs. Even more so, the variant problems of weighted and bottleneck bipartite crossing minimization have seldom been studied, with only one published algorithm, 3-WOLF (designed for one-sided weighted crossing minimization), and one published heuristic, MEC …

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Molecular Docking With Haptic Guidance And Path Planning, Torin Adamson May 2016

Molecular Docking With Haptic Guidance And Path Planning, Torin Adamson

Computer Science ETDs

Molecular docking drives many important biological processes including immune system recognition and cellular signalling. Molecular docking occurs when molecules interact and form complexes. Predicting how specific molecules dock with each other using computational methods has several applications including understanding diseases and virtual drug design. The goal of molecular docking prediction is to find the lowest energy ligand states. The lower the energy state, the more probable the state is docked and biologically feasible. Existing automated computational methods can be time intensive, especially when using direct molecular dynamic simulation. One way to reduce this computational cost is to use more coarse-grained …

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Abq Free Press, April 20, 2016, Abq Free Press Apr 2016

Abq Free Press, April 20, 2016, Abq Free Press

ABQ Free Press

No abstract provided.

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Comparison Of Tractor Seating Under Dynamic Conditions For Farmers With Ergonomics Of Difference, Julianna Nacion, Carla Wilhite Apr 2016

Comparison Of Tractor Seating Under Dynamic Conditions For Farmers With Ergonomics Of Difference, Julianna Nacion, Carla Wilhite

Occupational Therapy

Purpose: Agricultural machinery exposes farmers to unique environmental, biological, and physical factors. These conditions place these individuals at a higher risk of developing musculoskeletal and vibratory disorders. The purpose of this study is to compare the seated pressure distribution of participants on four different intervention cushions during dynamic tractor conditions. We predicted that an existing contour tractor seat will not be as effective in distributing seated pressure of the tractor operator as the four intervention cushions. Methods: Using a quantitative cross-over design, three participants were recruited through an informal convenience sampling method. Participants met the inclusion criteria by being adults, …

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Abq Free Press, April 6, 2016, Abq Free Press Apr 2016

Abq Free Press, April 6, 2016, Abq Free Press

ABQ Free Press

No abstract provided.

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Trends In Early Childhood Obesity In A Large, Urban School District In The Southwest From 2007 To 2014., A Cantarero, Jimenez E. Yakes, O B. Myers, T Scharmen, P Kinyua, K Tollestrup, D Cohen, V Sanchez, P Pribis Apr 2016

Trends In Early Childhood Obesity In A Large, Urban School District In The Southwest From 2007 To 2014., A Cantarero, Jimenez E. Yakes, O B. Myers, T Scharmen, P Kinyua, K Tollestrup, D Cohen, V Sanchez, P Pribis

Posters and Presentations

Presented at: Experimental Biology 2016; April 2-6, 2016; San Diego, CA.

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Science 2016 Los Alamos Self-Study & Documents, University Of New Mexico - Los Alamos Campus Apr 2016

Science 2016 Los Alamos Self-Study & Documents, University Of New Mexico - Los Alamos Campus

UNM Academic Program Review

UNM Los Alamos Science self-study report, review team report, comments from the dean, and response to review report for Spring 2016.

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Communications 2016 Los Alamos Self-Study & Documents, University Of New Mexico - Los Alamos Campus Apr 2016

Communications 2016 Los Alamos Self-Study & Documents, University Of New Mexico - Los Alamos Campus

UNM Academic Program Review

UNM Los Alamos Communications self-study report, review team report, comments from the dean, and response to review report for Spring 2016.

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Psychology 2016 Apr Self-Study & Documents, University Of New Mexico Apr 2016

Psychology 2016 Apr Self-Study & Documents, University Of New Mexico

UNM Academic Program Review

UNM Psychology APR self-study report, review team report, response report, and initial action plan for Spring 2016, fulfilling requirements of the Higher Learning Commission.

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Business 2016 Los Alamos Self-Study & Documents, University Of New Mexico - Los Alamos Campus Apr 2016

Business 2016 Los Alamos Self-Study & Documents, University Of New Mexico - Los Alamos Campus

UNM Academic Program Review

UNM Los Alamos Business self-study report, review team report, comments from the dean, and response to review report for Spring 2016.

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