Digital Commons Network^™

Design, Synthesis And Evaluation Of Bivalent Inhibitors Of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase, Chunliang Liu

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The D-glucose disaccharide α, α-D-trehalose is synthesized by a variety of bacteria, fungi, plants and invertebrates to support cell survival by functioning as a fuel, a metabolic regulator or a protectant against environmental stress. Five different trehalose biosynthetic pathways are known to exist, one of which, the OtsA/OtsB pathway is common among pathogenic bacteria and fungi and is also found in parasitic nematodes. Previously reported otsA and otsB gene knockout (or knockdown) experiments have shown that both pathway enzymes are essential for M. tuberculosis cell growth and host colonization. RNAi gene silencing carried out in the nematode model system Caenohabditis …

Family Policy In Post-Communist Europe And The Former Soviet Union: Assessing The Impact Of Xenophobia, Marina A. Kingsbury

Political Science ETDs

This dissertation emphasizes the comparative aspect of family policy, with a regional focus on post-communist Europe. Following the turmoil of transition, many social welfare programs were transformed and often scaled back. Family policies, however, were largely carried through the initial period of transformation, despite the economic difficulties and the dramatic decline in birth rates in a course of several years. This study was inspired by the seeming contradiction between falling birth rates and increasing generosity of family policy provisions across the former communist European countries. This dissertation uses original data, which includes levels of benefit provision as well as national …

Per-Contact Infectivity Of Hcv Associated With Injection Exposures In A Prospective Cohort Of Young Injection Drug Users In San Francisco, Ca (Ufo Study), Yuridia Leyva

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

Sharing needles and ancillary injection drug equipment places injection drug users (IDU) at risk for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), a highly infectious blood-borne virus. A limited number of studies have analyzed the per-contact infectivity of HCV associated with the use of previously-used needles, but per-contact infectivity of ancillary injecting equipment has not been previously investigated. Our goal is to estimate the per-contact infectivity of HCV associated with (1) injecting with another person's previously-used needle, classified as receptive needle sharing (RNS), and (2) using another person's previously-used ancillary injecting equipment, such as cookers to melt drugs and cottons to strain impurities …

Unm Pathology Pathfinder Summer 2015, Unm Department Of Pathology

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

"The Four Horseman Of The Late Capitalist Apocalypse": U.S. Comic Books, Ideology, And Trauma In Post-9/11 Society, Kathryn Manis

Art & Art History ETDs

In the contemporary United States apocalypse, dystopia, and catastrophe are commonplace. Indeed, both the increasing presence of fictional apocalypse in art and popular culture and the tone of apocalypticism in U.S. political, environmental, and social rhetorics, have been noted by writers and thinkers from a wide range of fields. Scholars of neoliberalism in particular have traced this popularity to the economic and political realities of late-capitalism and the ideological contradictions embedded in the evolution of capitalism to its current, immersive iteration. What has gone undiscussed, however, is the relationship of this anxious preoccupation to a prevailing, national condition; a condition …

Schistosomes Of Nepal, Ramesh Devkota

Biology ETDs

Globally, digenetic trematodes called schistosomes (Family Schistosomatidae) have enormous public and veterinary health significance because they cause debilitating and chronic infections collectively called schistosomiasis. Schistosomes have a life cycle featuring a bird or mammal definitive host in which adult worms are found, and freshwater snail intermediate hosts in which larval stages are found and free-swimming cercariae are produced which infect the definitive host. Although schistosomes are known to be common in tropical and subtropical Asia, their presence in Nepal, a small south Asian country situated between India and China, was almost completely unknown at the beginning of this study. Consequently, …

Inhibition Of Virulence As Treatment Strategies For Staphylococcus Aureus Infection, Seth Michael Daly

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Staphylococcus aureus is a global health threat due to its ability to cause significant morbidity and mortality and the exceptional capacity to acquire antibiotic resistance. One method to combat antibiotic resistance, proposed by the NIAID, is anti-virulence strategies focused on bacterial disarmament. S. aureus regulates over 200 virulence factors with the accessory gene regulator (agr) operon, which encodes a quorum sensing (QS) system, and many of the agr-regulated virulence factors are required for invasive infection. Therefore, we hypothesized that bacterial disarmament through the inhibition of agr quorum sensing will both complement immune function and mitigate the severity of S. aureus …

Impact And Reach Of A Peer-Led Health Education Intervention Utilizing Harm Reduction Strategies In An Incarcerated Population, Miranda Leah Sedillo

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Prisons are high-risk environments for communicable disease transmission. The majority of incarcerated individuals return to their communities, many with untreated disease, creating a need for disease control, prevention and treatment within the prison population. Prisoner Health is Community Health: The New Mexico Peer Education Project (NMPEP) was developed by Project ECHO® (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) to address the epidemic of Hepatitis C transmission in the New Mexico state prison system. NMPEP is a low-cost, peer-led health education intervention aimed to increase knowledge and harm reduction techniques among incarcerated individuals prior to returning to their communities. The model is innovative …

Abq Free Press, June 3, 2015, Abq Free Press

ABQ Free Press

No abstract provided.

A Novel Family Of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Genes In Marsupials And Monotremes, Katina Krasnec

Biology ETDs

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I family of genes encode for molecules that have well-conserved structures, but have evolved to perform a diverse functions. The availability of an opossum genome from the grey, short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis domestica, has allowed for analysis of MHC class I genes in a marsupial. Traditional methods for gene discovery uncovered 13 MHC class I genes in the opossum. Utilization of a novel method to search for MHC domain structures discovered a family of 17 novel MHC class I genes. These genes, named ModoUT1-17, were located in a cluster on chromosome 1, unlinked to the …

Too Wet For Frogs, Too Dry For Lizards: Role Of Changing Precipitation On Tropical Frogs And Arid Lizards, Mason J. Ryan

Biology ETDs

During the course of the Anthropocene, humans have modified the landscape and atmosphere resulting in increased global temperatures and intensification of the hydrologic cycle over the last 100 years. Amphibians and reptiles are especially vulnerable to climate change because of their ectothermic physiology and sensitivity to changes in water availability. The role of moisture or precipitation in ectotherm responses to climate change has not been well studied, but moisture plays a vital role in all aspects of the lives of lizards and frogs. It is exceedingly difficult to study the ecological effects of changing precipitation patterns due the stochastic nature …

Cationic Phenylene Ethynylene Polymers And Oligomers Induce Conformational Changes To Proteins, Gregory Soliz

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

Infectious diseases have been a growing health care concern resulting in added expenses and health care resources to the community. Due to this rising issues research groups have devoted time to resolve this growing issue through the development of various compounds to treat or prevent disease. Research at the University of New Mexico began with trying to kill various strains of bacteria with a novel class of synthetic phenylene ethynylene (PPE)-based conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) has helped in providing a new antimicrobial compound. Results proved successful and lead to experimentation to use the new class of compounds as an antiviral answer …

Minutes Of 04/08/2015 Hsc Board Of Directors Mtg, Patrice Martin

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

No abstract provided.

The Ipe Insight. Volume 2015, No. 1. February-March, 2015., The Unm Hsc Inter-Professional Education Team

The IPE Newsletters

The Road to Cambra. New Interprofessional Frontiers: Putting the Mouth Back into the Body

Minutes Of 01/30/2015 Hsc Board Of Directors Mtg, Patrice Martin

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

No abstract provided.

A Biomechanical Analysis Of One-Third Tubular Plates For The Treatment Of Benign Lesions In The Distal Femur, Justin Brantley

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of one-third tubular plates for the treatment of benign defects in the medial distal metaphysis of the femur. Benign cysts are a common occurrence in long bones, and are of concern in load-bearing bones, such as the tibia and femur. These space-occupying growths are removed by curettage of the affected region. Numerous post-curettage management options have been described in the literature, which generally include filling the defect with either synthetic or biological materials. Unfortunately, complications, such as infectious disease transmission, thermal injury, and a robust inflammatory have all been reported …

Structural Influences On The Photochemistry And Photophysical Properties Of P-Phenylene Ethynylenes: Aggregation Effects And Solvent Interactions, Eric Harris Hill

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

Compounds based on the p-phenylene ethynylene backbone with pendant charged groups, known as conjugated polyelectrolytes, have been of particular interest in recent years due to their solubility in water, sensing properties, and biocidal activity against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. A series of oligomers based on these polymers were synthesized (OPEs), and several interesting questions about their photophysical and biocidal properties were raised by earlier experimental observations, which are addressed by this dissertation. The study initially focuses on the influence of the backbone length and presence of carboxyester substituents on the photophysical properties of the OPEs. Next, the photochemistry of the …

Hsc Code Of Ethics, Health And Sciences Center

UNM HLC 2018-19 Assurance Argument Evidence

The complete Health Science Center Code of Ethics that aims to be complete resource for ethical questions and policies applicable to the total community of the HSC made up of faculty, staff, vendors, students, and volunteers. The code includes information on ethical considerations in research (24-28), as well as general guidelines for professionalism (3-14).

Application Of Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms For Rapid Identification Of Mrsa Pfge Strain Types, Michael L. Bernauer

Biomedical Informatics Seminar Series (BioMISS)

Introduction: Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is a molecular typing method used in epidemiologic surveillance of MRSA. PFGE relies on electrophoretic migration of restricted DNA fragments, resulting in characteristic fingerprints which can be used to classify organisms. Current methods of analysis, such as Gel Compar II and BioNumerics rely on unsupervised hierarchical clustering algorithms to group organisms based on pairwise similarity. These methods are labor intensive, often requiring a significant amount of user intervention and oversight. This study presents an automated approach to PFGE typing to reduce the amount of user involvement and time required for analysis.

Methods: A total of …

Knowledge, Information, And Water Treatment Behavior Of Residents In The Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, Hari Katuwal, Mona K. Qassim, José A. Pagán, Jennifer A. Thacher, Alok K. Bohara

Development Journal of the South

Access to safe drinking water plays a crucial role in the overall social and economic development of a community. Unsafe water delivered to household taps increases the risks of waterborne diseases and threatens population health. Consumers can adopt a number of averting behaviors such as filtering or boiling their water. While these approaches are effective in reducing the likelihood of contracting a waterborne disease, not all households treat their water. Given this, it is important to develop a better understanding of factors that influence water treatment behavior. In this paper, we examine determinants of water treatment behavior using survey data …

Unm Health Sciences Center Research Annual Report 2015, Michael Haederle, Sara Mota, Furhana Afrid, John Arnold, Cindy Foster, Luke Frank, Leslie Linthicum, Pari Noskin, Heidi Rishel Brakey, Michele Sequeira, Rebecca Gustaf

Research Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

More On Neutrosophic Soft Rough Sets And Its Modification, Emad Marei

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Treating Hepatitis C In American Indians/Alaskan Natives: A Survey Of Project Echo(®) (Extension For Community Healthcare Outcomes) Utilization By Indian Health Service Providers., Talia Pindyck, Summers Kalishman, Lainey Flatow-Trujillo, Karla Thornton

Project ECHO Bibliography

BACKGROUND: American Indians/Alaskan Natives have a high mortality associated with hepatitis C virus, yet treatment rates are low. The ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) model(™), a videoconferencing technology for primary care providers, is underutilized at Indian Health Service facilities.

PURPOSE: To ascertain Indian Health Service providers' benefit of and barriers to utilizing hepatitis C virus TeleECHO clinics.

METHODS: We electronically sent an Active Participant Survey to Indian Health Service providers utilizing hepatitis C virus TeleECHO clinic and a Non-Participant Survey to other Indian Health Service providers interested in this clinic.

RESULTS: In total, 100% of Active Participant Survey respondents …

Unm Health Sciences Center Data Book 2014-15, University Of New Mexico - Health Sciences Center

Health Sciences Center Databook (1990-ongoing)

No abstract provided.

Clinical Vignette: Leaching Liver Lesions: A Case Of Invasive Klebsiella Pneumoniae Liver Abscess Syndrome, Lauren Liaboe, Nicholas Cutrufello, Stephen Huelskamp, Trechelle Carson, Theresa Ronan, Charles Pizanis

Hospital Medicine

Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses are becoming more prevalent in the United States and have the ability to spread to several sites via septic embolization. 8-15% of patients have infections at other anatomical sites which is considered invasive K. pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome (IKPLAS). An otherwise healthy 42-year-old Vietnamese man who immigrated to the United States six years prior presented to the emergency department with a nine-day history of back pain. The patient reported his pain worsened acutely just prior to presentation when lifting a heavy object. He also described numbness of the left leg. At presentation, the patient was septic. …

Clinical Vignette: A Case Of Tb-Induced Hypersensitivity, Shira Amdur, Charles Pizanis

Hospital Medicine

Erythema induratum (EI), or nodular vasculitis, is a hypersensitivity reaction often, but not exclusively, associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. It presents clinically as painful, recurrent violaceous nodules and plaques on the lower extremities that then leave a scar hyperpigmentation. It can closely resemble erythema nodosum and is distinguished histopathologically. A 53-year-old man who immigrated to the United States from Vietnam approximately 1 year prior presented to his primary care physician with a rash on his lower legs. He described a 1-month history of painful, red bumps initially on his calves, which spread anteriorly. He rated the pain 9/10 and complained …

Clinical Vignette: Pyogenic Liver Abscess Vs. Hepatocellular Carcinoma, The Challenge Of Diagnosis Without A Biopsy, Alberto Aguayo-Rico, Jennifer Jernigan

Hospital Medicine

A liver mass in a cirrhotic liver should always raise the concern for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and expert guidelines state that diagnosis can be made with imaging alone in some settings. Our case illustrates that care must be taken to consider other etiologies before making that diagnosis. A 57 year old man with alcoholic liver cirrhosis came to the ED complaining of 1 month of severe, intermittent abdominal pain with associated subjective fever and chills. A CT abdomen on admission reported 2 ill-defined hypodense liver lesions concerning for HCC. In the setting of liver cirrhosis and a hepatic mass, work …

Abq Free Press, October 8, 2014, Abq Free Press

ABQ Free Press

No abstract provided.

Simulation Of Social Networks To Maximize The Prevention And Treatment Of Alcohol Use Disorders, Kevin Hallgren

Psychology ETDs

Introduction: Previous studies have found associations between alcohol use and having heavy-drinking social networks. This association is thought to be caused by (1) social influence, where ones social network influences his or her drinking, and (2) social selection, where an individual forms relationships with individuals who drink at similar levels. These processes are reciprocal and, when acting simultaneously, create a feedback loop with non-linear dynamics. Computer simulations have allowed complex systems to be modeled in many scientific fields; however, this method has not yet been used to study the dynamic associations between social networks and alcohol use. Method: The present …

Socio-Economic And Demographic Predictors Of Mammography And Pap Smear Screening In Us Women, Curtis Christensen

Economics ETDs

In 2010, 240,000 women were diagnosed with breast cancer and 16,000 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer (www.seer.cancer.gov). In spite of technological advances and increases in education regarding cancer screening, healthcare costs are still on the rise and disagreement still exists between physicians who create guidelines and policy makers (Woloshin, 2000). This project examines cancer screening and examines socio-economic and demographic predictors for usage of preventative screening measures. This project also examines disparities in the current screening process. Data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) from 1987 and 2010 were used to compare differences across time. The results indicate …