Digital Commons Network^™

Peer Support Model To Address Substance Use Disorders Treatment Engagement In Rural Communities, Justine L. Saavedra, A S. Crisanti, Chole Caswell, Alyssa J. Jaramillo, Sttep Research Group

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Background: New Mexico (NM) leads the nation in alcohol-related and drug overdose deaths. This project aims to implement and test a model of telehealth-substance use disorder (TH-SUD) treatment to reach underserved rural, Hispanic, and Native American (NA) populations in Sandoval, San Juan, McKinley, Cibola, Valencia, and Santa Fe Counties. The overall goal is to reduce the consequences of substance use in culturally relevant ways. Our population of focus is rural, Hispanic, and NA adult patients with an SUD presenting to the emergency department (ED) or inpatient units of the University of New Mexico Sandoval Regional Medical Center located in Sandoval …

Using The 55-Word Story Method Of Reflection And Writing About Not Losing Hope In Humanity, Pearl Huynh, Ricardo Falcon, Tim Peterson, Codruta Soneru

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Creative writing with 55-word stories can encapsulate key experiences. It stimulates reflection and professional growth. Their brevity adds insight and impact.

Draft 1:

I have so many mixed feelings about everything going on in the world right now. There is so much disagreement on everything and to me it feels like we can never get everyone on the same page. Whether it be political things, health care, Roe v. Wade, world hunger, vaccines, violence, etc.. Being a first-year medical student, it can be easy to forget about everything going on in the world as you are so busy trying to …

Validation Of The Substance Use Protective Strategies Scale (Supss) Among U.S. College Students, Jakub Greń, Matthew R. Pearson, Dylan K. Richards, Addictions Research Team

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Protective Behavioral Strategies (PBS) are behaviors that effectively reduce the likelihood of experiencing substance-related harms. Despite the fact that most individuals use more than one substance, previous research on PBS has been limited to substance-specific measurement, i.e. alcohol-specific (e.g., PBSS) and cannabis-specific (e.g., PBSM). We developed the Substance Use Protective Strategies Scale (SUPSS) to measure more general substance use PBS, which was preliminary validated among Polish young adults (aged 18-30) using various substances (Greń et al., 2023), sand sought to its further examination. Participants (N=1856) took part in a multisite research of substance use among college students recruited from 10 …

Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks For Multigrid In Time Coarse Grid Equations, Jonathan P. Gutierrez

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

For parallel-in-time integration methods, the multigrid-reduction-in-time (MGRIT) method has shown promising results in both improved convergence and increased computational speeds when solving evolution problems. However, one problem the MGRIT algorithm currently faces is it struggles solving hyperbolic problems efficiently. In particular, hyperbolic problems are generally solved using explicit methods and this causes issues on the coarser multigrid levels, where larger (coarser) time step sizes can violate the stability condition. In this thesis, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are used to evaluate the coarse grid equations in the MGRIT algorithm with the goal to improve convergence for problems with hyperbolic behavior, as …

Essays On The Economics Of Grid Modernization, Jesse Kaczmarski

Economics ETDs

I present three chapters on the economics of grid modernization. The first chapter examines the consumer acceptance of community microgrid services. In this chapter I present the results of a split-sample contingent valuation experiment in which electric bill payers across Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah are asked about the willingness-to-pay for the installation of a community microgrid contingent on costs and benefits. In the second chapter, I examine the role of contractual hydropower receipts in the fuel mix for a medium size power authority in Colorado. I show that hydropower offsets fossil fuel generation sources and contribute to reductions …

Measuring Energy Deposition From A Laser Induced Plasma In Air Which Generates Broadband Microwave Radiation, Anna M. Janicek

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The absorbed energy from a short pulse laser produced plasma is proportional to the magnitude of the acoustic wave the plasma launches; however, methods to resolve absolute energy from the acoustic signal are still being developed. This is the first report of quantitatively estimating the energy deposited by a femtosecond laser-induced plasma using a shock wave approximation from acoustic measurements. To further understand energy deposition mechanisms, two diagnostics, a single microphone which measures the acoustic signal propagation and an array of microphones which measure the changing acoustic signal longitudinally along the plasma were developed and implemented to measure the energy …

Effect Of Ligase I Deficiency On Replication Fork And Chromatin, Seema Khattri Bhandari

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Half of all the eukaryotic nuclear genome is synthesized as Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand at the replication fork. Okazaki fragment synthesis begins with repeated production of short RNA-DNA primers synthesized by the DNA Polymerase α (Pol α)-primase complex. The primer terminus is recognized by Replication Factor C (RFC) which then loads the sliding clamp protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), resulting in the recruitment of DNA Polymerase δ (Pol δ) which carries out the gap filling DNA synthesis displacing the 5’ end of the preceding Okazaki fragment which is cleaved by Flap Endonuclease 1 (FEN-1), and ultimately the …

Additive Manufacturing Of Engineered Cementitious Composites With Ultra-High Tensile Ductility, Amir Bakhshi

Civil Engineering ETDs

One of the critical factors in the development of additive manufacturing in the construction industry is designing suitable materials for 3D printing applications. 3D concrete printing (3DCP) has gained significant attention due to the abundance and availability of concrete. However, concrete is a brittle material and, without proper reinforcement, cannot meet the requirements for structural purposes. Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC), known for high ductility, and strain-hardening with low fiber contents, can potentially eliminate the need for steel reinforcement in 3D printing without any need for manual placement of reinforcement. A set of systematic tests on ECC mix designs' fresh and …

Hydraulic Modeling And Environmental Flows To Inform Ecological Models, Aubrey E. Harris

Civil Engineering ETDs

The widespread availability of high-quality terrain and long-term hydrologic monitoring data has increased opportunities in hydraulic modeling to support regional planning and decision-making. Hydraulic modeling is already a prevalent tool in riverine construction design for issues like flood control and erosion protection. Despite hydraulic models also being relevant for characterizing habitat conditions, the use of hydraulic modeling for ecological assessment has been fragmented in scale and application. The state of the science presents multiple ways to identify environmental flow criteria and hydraulic estimation of habitat areas. However, it has been challenging to combine these approaches as a parsimonious and effective …

It's Harder Than It Looks: How Students Identify Original Research Articles In An Undergraduate Biology Course, Alyssa Russo, Amy Jankowski

University Libraries & Learning Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Biology students must develop a foundational understanding about the role information plays in the scientific research process. Key to this is understanding that original research articles are the primary method of communicating findings from original scientific research. We analyzed data from an information literacy tutorial and worksheet integrated in a core undergraduate biology course to investigate how students identify original research articles. Our results suggest that students conceptually comprehend original research, but they need practice at identifying original research articles in real time and benefit from librarian feedback when they are actively searching for and selecting articles.

The Influence Of Mediators On The Relationship Between Antenatal Opioid Agonist Exposure And The Severity Of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome, Lori A Devlin, Zhuopei Hu, Songthip Ounpraseuth, Alan E. Simon, Robert D. Annett, Abhik Das, Janell F. Fuller, Rosemary D. Higgins, Stephanie L. Merhar, P Brian Smith, Margaret M. Crawford, Lesley E. Cottrell, Adam J. Czynski, Sarah Newman, David A. Paul, Pablo J. Sánchez, Erin O. Semmens, M Cody Smith, Bonny L. Whalen, Jessica N. Snowden, Leslie W. Young, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development Neonatal Research Network And The Nih Environmental Influences On Child Health Outcomes (Echo) Program Institutional Development Awards States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVES: (1) To evaluate the direct (un-mediated) and indirect (mediated) relationship between antenatal exposure to opioid agonist medication as treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and the severity of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), and (2) to understand the degree to which mediating factors influence the direct relationship between MOUD exposure and NOWS severity.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study includes data abstracted from the medical records of 1294 opioid-exposed infants (859 MOUD exposed and 435 non-MOUD exposed) born at or admitted to one of 30 US hospitals from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2017. Regression models and mediation analyses were …

Disrupted Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity In Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, Felicha T. Candelaria-Cook, Megan E. Schendel, Lucinda Flynn, Cassandra Cerros, Dina E. Hill, Julia M. Stephen

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can result in harmful and long-lasting neurodevelopmental changes. Children with PAE or a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have decreased white matter volume and resting-state spectral power compared to typically developing controls (TDC) and impaired resting-state static functional connectivity. The impact of PAE on resting-state dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) is unknown.

METHODS: Using eyes-closed and eyes-open magnetoencephalography (MEG) resting-state data, global dFNC statistics and meta-states were examined in 89 children aged 6-16 years (51 TDC, 38 with FASD). Source analyzed MEG data were used as input to group spatial independent component analysis to derive …

Working With Immigrant And Refugee Communities In Albuquerque, Latin American And Iberian Institute

LAII Events

Learn about volunteering opportunities in ABQ that will help you prepare and gain valuable experience to work with migrants from Latin America and other parts of the world. A Panel Discussion Featuring:

Rodrigo Gechem works at the Latin American and Iberian Institute at UNM as the unit administrator. He also works at Catholic Charities in the Center for Educational Opportunity & Career Pathways and as a Treasurer on the Executive Board of the ABQ FaithWorks Collaborative. Rodrigo is originally from Bogotá D.C., Colombia.

Fiore Bran Aragón (she/her) is a Nicaraguan migrant, researcher and advocate based in the United States. She …

Precision Medicine Approaches To Alcohol Use Disorder For American Indians: Assessment And Phenotypic Differentiation Of Reward And Relief Drinking, Hanna M. Hebden

Psychology ETDs

American Indian (AI) communities endorse high rates of abstinence from alcohol and substance use, yet experience disparate rates of alcohol and substance-related consequences. Alcohol and substance use is conceptualized as interwoven with unique AI contextual factors, which are often not incorporated into examination of related constructs. Current knowledge gaps exist in study of precision medicine approaches to treatment for reward and relief drinking in AI. This study aimed to understand reward and relief substance use phenotypes in AI. We described a contextually-informed model of relief assessment and to compare this assessment to the original reward and relief models using latent …

Characteristics Of Patient Navigation Programs In The Cancer Moonshot Accsis Colorectal Cancer Screening Initiative, Gloria D. Coronado, Renée M. Ferrari, Autumn Barnes, Sheila F. Castañeda, Mark Cromo, Melinda M. Davis, Mark Doescher, Kevin English, Jenna Hatcher, Karen E. Kim, Sarah Kobrin, David Liebovitz, Shiraz I. Mishra, Jesse N. Nodora, Wynne E. Norton, Jill M. Oliveri, Daniel S. Reuland, Sujha Subramanian, Jamie H. Thompson, Electra D. Paskett

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Although patient navigation has shown promise for increasing participation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and follow-up, little evidence is available to guide implementation of patient navigation in clinical practice. We characterize eight patient navigation programs being implemented as part of multi-component interventions of the National Cancer Institute's Cancer MoonshotSM Accelerating Colorectal Cancer Screening and Follow-Up Through Implementation Science (ACCSIS) initiative.

METHODS: We developed a data collection template organized by ACCSIS framework domains. The template was populated by a representative from each of the eight ACCSIS research projects. We report standardized descriptions of 1) the socio-ecological context in which the …

Saved Babies, Dead Doctors: Settler Colonial Anxiety And Strategic Rhetorics Of/In The Anti-Abortion Cultural Narrative, Cassidy Ellis

Communication ETDs

In this dissertation I identify and analyze the rhetoric that creates the anti-abortion cultural narrative and locate its toxic secrets by exposing the logics and ideologies the secrets obscure and sustain, and finally, ascertaining the strategic rhetorics that enable the narrative’s power and centrality. There are two primary arguments proposed in this dissertation. First, I argue that settler colonialism is the primary toxic secret nestled just beneath the surface of the anti-abortion cultural narrative. It is the secret that animates and sustains the narrative in service of maintaining settler colonial social order via control and maintenance of the population. Second, …

Evaluating A Web-Based Training Curriculum For Disseminating Best Practices For The Care Of Newborns With Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome In A Rural Hospital, The Nows-Nm Program, Heather Pratt-Chavez, Heidi Rishel Brakey, Sarah G. Sanders, Juhee Patel, Tim Ozechowski, Chloe Stoffel, Andrew L. Sussman, Jessie Marquez, David R. Smith, Alberta S. Kong

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: The incidence of neonatal opiate withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) in the US has grown dramatically over the past two decades. Many rural hospitals not equipped to manage these patients transfer them to hospitals in bigger cities.

METHODS: We created a curriculum, the NOWS-NM Program, a mobile/web-based curriculum training in best practices. To evaluate the curriculum, we conducted pre- and post-surveys of NOWS knowledge, attitudes, and care practices, plus post-curriculum interviews and focus groups.

RESULTS: Fourteen participants completed both pre- and post-curriculum surveys. They indicated an increase in knowledge and care practices. A small number of respondents expressed negative attitudes about …

Machine Learning Methods For Computational Phenotyping Using Patient Healthcare Data With Noisy Labels, Praveen Kumar

Computer Science ETDs

Positive and Unlabeled (PU) learning problems abound in many real-world applications. In healthcare informatics, diagnosed patients are considered labeled positive for a specific disease, but being undiagnosed does not mean they can be labeled negative. PU learning can improve classification performance, and estimate the positive fraction, α, among unlabeled samples. However, algorithms based on the Selected Completely At Random (SCAR) assumption are inadequate when the SCAR assumption fails (e.g., severe cases overrepresented), and when class imbalance is substantial. This dissertation presents and evaluates new algorithms to overcome these limitations. The proposed methods outperform the state-of-art for α-estimation, enhance classification performance, …

Chamisa Volume 2 Full Pdf

Chamisa: A Journal of Literary, Performance, and Visual Arts of New Mexico and the Greater Southwest

No abstract provided.

Nurses' Knowledge, Communication Needs, And Future Directions In Neonatal Research: Results Of An International Survey, Sandra Sundquist Beauman, Wakako M. Eklund, Mary A. Short, Carole Kenner, International Neonatal Consortium (Inc) Communications Workgroup

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is a significant contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite legislative efforts to increase pediatric drug development, neonatal clinical trials continue to be infrequent. The International Neonatal Consortium (INC) includes nurses as key stakeholders in their mission to accelerate safe and effective therapies for neonates.

PURPOSE: INC developed a survey for nurses, physicians, and parents to explore communication practices and stakeholders' perceptions and knowledge regarding clinical trials in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

METHODS: A stepwise consensus approach was used to solicit responses to an online survey. The convenience sample was drawn from INC organizations representing the …

A Novel Use Of An Objective Structured Clinical Examination (Osce) To Assess Student Learning In A Clinical Spanish Course, Rose M. Vallejo, Eric S. Kruger

HSC Education Days

Background: In an effort to meet the needs of patients with limited English proficiency and help reduce related healthcare disparities, the Physical Therapy Program at the University of New Mexico (UNM) has required its students to enroll in a clinical Spanish Course. This course was designed to align the curriculum with how students use Spanish in the clinic, emphasizing speaking and listening skills. To meet this endeavor, a flipped classroom design was used with language labs that focused on speaking and comprehension skills. Given the course design, it was recognized that a traditional written examination would not effectively assess student …

A Qualitative Study Of Satisfaction With Feedback: Resident Perceptions - The Safer Study, David Stromberg, Lanier Lopez, Julia Martinez, Molly Mcclain, Janet Page-Reeves, Heidi Rishel Brakey, Andrew Sussman, Poonè Haghani

HSC Education Days

Background: In spite of the emphasis on resident satisfaction with feedback in graduate medical training, the factors behind resident satisfaction with feedback are relatively unknown. Objective: To explore the factors that influence resident satisfaction with feedback including groups that are underrepresented in medicine (URiM). Methods: University of New Mexico Residents were recruited for this descriptive qualitative study in the spring of 2022 that used a purposive convenience sampling strategy. Participants took part in focus groups conducted by third party facilitators to discuss factors that influence resident satisfaction with feedback. Sessions were audio recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed using a …

New Mexico’S Public Trust Is Ineffective: However, There Is Hope And This Excites You., Cody Barnes

New Mexico Law Review

Every state has a public trust doctrine that protects commonly owned natural resources. Under the doctrine, the state has a fiduciary duty to maintain the resources and ensure the public can use them. Generally, if the state breaches its fiduciary duty, the public can sue. Yet, New Mexico has trust issues. In Sanders-Reed v. Martinez, the New Mexico Court of Appeals expanded the resources within New Mexico’s public trust but made it inept in the same breath. The court extended the trust to encompass air, water, and all other natural resources. However, it then severely limited the state’s protection of …

Negligent Commercial Transactions: Does New Mexico Face A Slippery Slope After Morris?, Annika Cleveland

New Mexico Law Review

In its July 2021 decision, Morris v. Giant Four Corners, the New Mexico Supreme Court held that the doctrine of negligent entrustment includes liability for someone who supplies gasoline to a person they knew or should have known was intoxicated. While the Morris court’s decision is novel in New Mexico, courts will likely interpret the inclusion narrowly, restricting the duty to circumstances where a commercial transaction enabled a DWI. By reviewing the decisions of other jurisdictions to include certain commercial transactions under negligent entrustment claims and the impact those decisions had on subsequent litigation, this article argues that Morris will …

State V. Gutierrez Abolishing The Spousal Communications Privilege: An Opinion Raising Profound Questions About The Future Of Evidentiary Privileges In The United States, Edward J. Imwinkelried

New Mexico Law Review

Part I of this article is a detailed description of the original Gutierrez decision, the dissents as well as the majority opinion. Part II then critically evaluates the majority’s analysis of the application of the instrumental theory to the spousal communications privilege. Part II argues that the majority correctly concluded that the instrumental case for the spousal privilege is weak. The majority rigorously applied the instrumental criteria to the privilege and came to the honest, realistic conclusion that, in most cases, spouses would consult and confide even if there were no spousal privilege. However, Part II points out that the …

Homeschool Educators’ Perspectives About Student Needs Within Occupational Therapy Scope Of Practice: A Pilot Study, Susan L. Iliff, Mary T. Hill, Rose White, Aubrey Alexander

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

Homeschool educators (n = 31) were recruited to complete an electronic survey describing their perspectives. Findings indicated that many students had medical/academic needs, and accessed additional services such as occupational therapy (OT). Data analysis of open-ended questions revealed common categories: (a) curricula met or did not meet student needs (b) participants had experience-based, general or no knowledge of OT and (c) most felt homeschooling was a positive experience and expressed that limited resources were available. Further research is warranted to investigate available resources, specific needs, and how to best support students who homeschool.

Behavioral Strategies Of Social Relationship Formation And Competition Among Adolescent And Adult Male Chimpanzees At Kanyawara, Kibale National Park, Uganda, Drew K. Enigk

Anthropology ETDs

Adolescence is a unique life stage in which individuals are reproductively mature but have not yet attained their full adult body size. In chimpanzees, which live in multimale-multifemale groups, this age period presents a challenge for males. Namely, adolescent males lack the physical strength to compete effectively with adult males for mating opportunities. In the following chapters, we seek to answer whether adolescent male chimpanzees exhibit behavior typical of highly competitive adults but with less success, or whether they pursue alternative behavioral tactics to largely avoid competition until they are fully grown. We utilize both long-term data spanning over two …

The Human Gut Microbiome, Tammy J. Ladue

InterProfessional Education Research and Scholarship

Although the gut microbiome has been known for many years, it wasn’t until the mid-1970’s that a relationship was hypothesized in medical journals. With the advent of the Human Genome Project in 2001 (Adak & Khan, 2019) further investigation into the types and relationship of the microbes in the GI tract were seriously studied.

Utilizing DNA & RNA tracking and culture techniques found during the Genome Project, more information was found on the Gut Microbiome. It was as of 2017 that the knowledge on the Microbiome began to show promise. It has been speculated that the GI tract has approximately …

Particle-In-Cell Simulations Of Plasma Sheath Effects On A Whistler Wave Electric Dipole Antenna Operating In The Magnetosphere, Kevin A. Shipman

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

A coronal mass ejection or a high-altitude nuclear explosion can produce an artificial radiation belt containing high-energy electrons (~1MeV) in the Earth's magnetosphere. Some electrons become trapped in the Earth's magnetic field and have enough energy to severely damage or destroy nearly all lower-earth orbit (LEO) satellites. Over the years, there has been much interest in using a space-borne dipole antenna to inject very low frequency (VLF) whistler waves (3-30kHz) along the Earth's magnetic field lines. The whistler waves precipitate the electrons from the magnetosphere through a wave-particle interaction called pitch-angle scattering. However, because the magnetosphere is composed of plasma, …

Effects Of Covid-19 Financial And Social Hardships On Infants' And Toddlers' Development In The Echo Program, Sara S. Nozadi, Ximin Li, Xiangrong Kong, Brandon Rennie, Deborah Kanda, Debra Mackenzie, Li Luo, Jonathan Posner, Courtney K. Blackwell, Lisa A. Croen, Assiamira Ferrara, Thomas G. O'Connor, Emily Zimmerman, Akhgar Ghassabian, Leslie D. Leve, Amy J. Elliott, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Jenna Ln Sprowles, Johnnye L. Lewis

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: The financial hardships and social isolation experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic have been found to adversely affect children's developmental outcomes. While many studies thus far have focused on school-aged children and the pandemic-related impacts on their academic skills and behavior problems, relatively less is known about pandemic hardships and associations with children's development during their early years. Using a racially and economically diverse sample, we examined whether hardships experienced during the pandemic were associated with children's development with a particular focus on communication and socioemotional development.

METHODS: Participants from eight cohorts of the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes …