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Articles 31 - 60 of 107
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
A Guide To The Literature Of The Southwest, Lyle Saunders, Theo Cravenna
A Guide To The Literature Of The Southwest, Lyle Saunders, Theo Cravenna
New Mexico Quarterly
No abstract provided.
Sleep As An Evolved Behavior: Ecological Opportunity Costs And Sleep Optimization, Gandhi Yetish
Sleep As An Evolved Behavior: Ecological Opportunity Costs And Sleep Optimization, Gandhi Yetish
Anthropology ETDs
Sleep problems afflict millions world-over. Treating this has been difficult because there is no consensus definition for “normal” sleep. People can vary in their personal sleep need, but the determinants of variation in sleep duration are largely unknown, as is the criteria to determine how much variation is normal. Given that most diurnal mammals (including primates) appear to sleep from sunset to sunrise, the leading explanation for sleep pathology in the post-industrial world has been that electronics, especially light illuminating devices, substantially reduce sleep duration. This assertion has heretofore only been tested experimentally. This research aims to resolve this issue …
A Multidimensional Investigation Of The Niche: Geographic Distributions, Body Size, And Interspecific Interactions Of Late Quaternary North American Canidae, Melissa Irene Pardi
A Multidimensional Investigation Of The Niche: Geographic Distributions, Body Size, And Interspecific Interactions Of Late Quaternary North American Canidae, Melissa Irene Pardi
Biology ETDs
A pressing conservation challenge is understanding how organisms will be impacted by climate change. From the paleontological record, we know organisms have options when facing change: they can do nothing, move, or adapt. These responses shape an organism's niche (a foundational concept in biology) that is abiotically constrained, but modified by biotic interactions. The greatest disturbances in recent North American geologic history is the human mediated extinction of megafauna ~11,700 years B.P. and climate change following the last glacial period. We used the fossil record to address ecological questions concerning conservationists; our focus was on Canidae and humans. Species distribution …
Mens Life History, Testosterone, And Health, Louis Calistro Alvarado
Mens Life History, Testosterone, And Health, Louis Calistro Alvarado
Anthropology ETDs
Testosterone is hypothesized to mediate life history trade-offs between reproduction and survival in men, promoting mating effort over other forms of investment, which entails energetic and mortality costs. Sexually dimorphic musculature represents one form of somatic investment in mating. Favorable energy availability is posited to promote preferential investment in mating effort through upregulated testosterone production and augmented musculature, whereas nutritional constraint is predicted to downregulate testosterone to facilitate a diminished, thriftier phenotype. Furthermore, life history trajectories influencing mens testosterone levels have important health implications for androgen-sensitive disease. Here, I examine broad features of men's life history and health, and their …
The Impact Of Temperature, Ph And Environmental Heterogeneity On Prokaryotic Diversity In Yellowstone National Park Thermal Springs, Xiaoben Jiang
The Impact Of Temperature, Ph And Environmental Heterogeneity On Prokaryotic Diversity In Yellowstone National Park Thermal Springs, Xiaoben Jiang
Biology ETDs
Yellowstone National Park (YNP) is one of the largest and most diverse hydrothermal areas on Earth. Extensive culture-independent studies in YNP thermal springs have shown dramatic taxonomic and metabolic diversity in microbial communities. We conducted a survey of bacterial communities along temperature gradients in three alkaline springs with similar geochemistries at the local scale. With these data, we investigated the influence of environmental variables on bacterial community diversity and assemblages along a broad temperature range using high throughput 454 pyrosequencing. Previous studies have suggested that pH is the driver of microbial diversity in thermal springs among geographical regions or at …
Phylogenetic Revision Of The Genus Arenivaga (Rehn) (Blattodea: Corydiidae), With Descriptions Of New Species, A Key To The Males, And An Investigation Of Its Ecological Niche, Heidi Hopkins
Biology ETDs
The cockroach genus Arenivaga is revised. Forty-eight Arenivaga species are recognized with nine previously known species and 39 described as new including the following: A. pagana sp. n., A. grandiscanyonensis sp. n., A. haringtoni sp. n., A. hopkinsorum sp. n., A. umbratilis sp. n., A. tenax sp. n., A. impensa sp. n., A. trypheros sp. n., A. darwini sp. n., A. nalepae sp. n., A. sequoia sp. n., A. mckittrickae sp. n., A. gaiophanes sp. n., A. belli sp. n., A. estelleae sp. n., A. delicata sp. n., A. mortisvallisensis sp. n., A. milleri sp. n., A. pratchetti sp. n., …
Weight Change In College Freshmen: Personal, Interpersonal And Situational Influences, Kristin Kuhlmann
Weight Change In College Freshmen: Personal, Interpersonal And Situational Influences, Kristin Kuhlmann
Nursing ETDs
Obesity has become the most significant noninfectious health risk in the United States, and the major causes of death and disability are shifting to chronic, non-communicable health conditions that are largely attributable to physical inactivity, overweight and obesity, and other diet-related factors. Among children and adolescents, the overweight/obesity rate is approaching 32%, with 17.9% of adolescents becoming obese. While the obesity rate has doubled in all age groups in the United States, it has tripled among young adults aged 18 to 28 years, and 70% of adolescents who are at a healthy weight will become overweight or obese as adults. …
The Socioeconomic Organization Of Communal Hunting: An Archaeological Examination Of Shoshone Collective Action, Matthew John O'Brien
The Socioeconomic Organization Of Communal Hunting: An Archaeological Examination Of Shoshone Collective Action, Matthew John O'Brien
Anthropology ETDs
This dissertation focuses on developing the means to investigate social organization of communal hunting among egalitarian groups. Communal hunting represents an alternative subsistence strategy that takes advantage of seasonal aggregation of prey species. To maximize returns from these large herds, human foraging groups opt to cooperate with additional groups that otherwise maintain their political independence during the rest of the year. Yet, what is not clear is whether these temporary large camps maintain their egalitarian ethos, giving an equal voice to all members or if the participants adopt an alternative social and political structure. This dissertation uses the case study …
Exploring Signals Of Historical Demography In Boreal Mammals Through Integration Of Statistical Conservation Phylogenetics, Taxonomy, And Comparative Phylogeography, Jason L. Malaney
Biology ETDs
Understanding how diversity is partitioned across the landscape can provide perspectives related to the environmental processes that have influenced the evolutionary history of organisms. This main idea, often termed phylogeography, serves as the backdrop to my research where I explore three broad concepts including historical biogeography, cryptic diversity and ecology, and conservation phylogenetics. I address various questions in each of these concepts by using a set of mammals that are associated with montane and mesic environments of North America. More specifically, I focus on the jumping mice (Zapodidae) to test hypotheses that scale to the broader community. This approach allows …
Soil Geomorphology Of The Eastern Sevilleta Long Term Ecological Research Site, Debra Bryan-Ricketts
Soil Geomorphology Of The Eastern Sevilleta Long Term Ecological Research Site, Debra Bryan-Ricketts
Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs
Soils in the arid to semi-arid piedmont landscapes of central New Mexico were examined in order to evaluate surficial processes and landscape evolution in the central Rio Grande Rift. These soils were found to contain key information regarding pedologic and geomorphic responses to climate change, rifting and base level drop. A rare association of sepiolite and palygorskite occurs in old soils formed in eolian fines. Pedologic and mineralogical data indicate that palygorskite formed by transformation of dust-borne, aluminum-rich minerals, and that sepiolite subsequently formed by transformation of palygorskite. The association of these two minerals, and geomorphic observations, confirm the existence …
Linking Environment To Ecology In Arid Land Consumers: Two Case Studies, Ian White Murray
Linking Environment To Ecology In Arid Land Consumers: Two Case Studies, Ian White Murray
Biology ETDs
The physical environment has a profound influence over many aspects of animal ecology, such as governing the pace and timing of phenology and the patterns of activity across space and time. In extreme habitats such as deserts, the most important components of the physical environment are precipitation and temperature. Not only do these vary temporally and spatially, but this variation may influence the life history and ecology of species. My research examines how variance in temperature and precipitation influences the ecology of two species of desert dwelling consumers (desert woodrats and desert tortoises) over differing temporal scales. In Chapter 1, …
New Paleoclimate Reconstruction Techniques In Archaeology: Applications In Greece, New Mexico, And Portugal, Brandon Lee Drake
New Paleoclimate Reconstruction Techniques In Archaeology: Applications In Greece, New Mexico, And Portugal, Brandon Lee Drake
Anthropology ETDs
This dissertation develops new techniques of analysis that make existing archaeological data more useful for understanding past climate change. These techniques are introduced through three key case studies in the San Juan Basin of New Mexico, the Lower Alentejo of Portugal, and the Eastern Mediterranean. A 12,000 year record of pollen collected from packrat middens across Chaco Canyon were analyzed using a new normalization procedure to produce a Holocene record of piñon and ponderosa pine abundance. The normalization procedure, species occurrence, enabled statistical analysis of the data. Simple linear models indicated that piñon and ponderosa pollen were strongly correlated with …
Geochemical Characteristics And Microbial Diversity Of Co2-Rich Mound Springs Of The Tierra Amarilla Anticline, New Mexico, Brandi Cron
Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs
This interdisciplinary research explores the water geochemistry, microbial heterogeneity, geochemical cycling, and paleohydrological longevity of a unique set of desert springs in north-central New Mexico. This series of travertine-depositing CO2-rich springs is located along the boundary zone between the Colorado Plateau and Rio Grande rift, on the southern extension of the Nacimiento fault at the Tierra Amarilla anticline (TA). Geochemical data on the spring waters show 3He/4He ratio of 0.17-0.20 RA which indicates the presence of mantle-derived helium in the groundwater. Carbon isotope values range from -4.6 to -8.1 per mil, suggesting that some of the CO2 is also deeply …
Contract And Grants Awards Monthly Reports, 2006-2012, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Contract And Grants Awards Monthly Reports, 2006-2012, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Office of the Vice President for Research
Monthly listings of awards received at Main Campus and Branches and other reports such as expenditures and F&A.
Ground Water-Surface Water Interaction Of Rio Grande Biopark Area, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Sadia Faiza
Ground Water-Surface Water Interaction Of Rio Grande Biopark Area, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Sadia Faiza
Civil Engineering ETDs
Ground water and surface water are typically considered as separate entities, but all surface water features interact with ground water in different ways. Better understanding of ground water-surface water interaction is important for effective land and water management. This study investigated the impact of surface water on ground water levels as well as soil moisture content in a small region of Albuquerque Biopark near the Rio Grande. This study involved collection of field data on soil moisture, ground water levels and observations of vegetation densities adjacent to the Biopark wetlands. Numerical models were developed of the influence of the river …
From Growth To Extinction: Explored By Life History And Metabolic Theory, Wenyun Zuo
From Growth To Extinction: Explored By Life History And Metabolic Theory, Wenyun Zuo
Biology ETDs
The laws of energy and material conservation are fundamental principles across various scales and systems. Based on the conservation laws, I derive several theoretical models to understand mechanisms behind the energy budget of ontogenetic growth and the pattern of the late Pleistocene extinction of megafauna in the Americas. First, I present a model, empirically grounded in data from birds and mammals, that correctly predicts how growing animals allocate food energy between synthesis of new biomass and maintenance of existing biomass. Previous energy budget models have typically been based on rates of either food consumption or metabolic energy expenditure. The model …
Twenty-Eight Years Of The Us-Lter Program: Experience, Results, And Research Questions, James R. Gosz, Robert B. Waide, John J. Magnuson
Twenty-Eight Years Of The Us-Lter Program: Experience, Results, And Research Questions, James R. Gosz, Robert B. Waide, John J. Magnuson
Long Term Ecological Research Network
The U.S. Long Term Ecological Research program (hereafter US-LTER) concentrates on ecological processes that play out at the time scales spanning decades to centuries. This focuses US-LTER research between the most common time scales for ecological studies (1-3 years; Tilman 1989; Figure 1) and the much longer temporal fact of disciplines such as paleoecology. The importance of the decade-to-century time scale is particularly evident in light of the rapid changes in ecological forcing functions that are occurring at a broad range of spatial scales (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2007). Long-term data sets from programs such …
Tracing Deuterium Through The Food Web And Into Birds And Mammals Along An Elevational Gradient In The Southern Rocky Mountains, Matthew J. Baumann
Tracing Deuterium Through The Food Web And Into Birds And Mammals Along An Elevational Gradient In The Southern Rocky Mountains, Matthew J. Baumann
Biology ETDs
Animals incorporate local δ2H values from available water and dietary sources during tissue synthesis, which can provide evidence of elevational movements if multiple tissues with different turnover times are examined. Here we test the applicability of using δ2H as an indicator of altitudinal movements by examining multiple tissues (δ2Hbw (body water), δ2Hfeather, δ2Hfur, and δ2Hclaw) in birds and mammals in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Additionally, we measured δ2Hsw (stem water) and insect δ2bw and δ2wb (whole body) values to assess changes with elevation. We sampled 15 species of birds and two small mammal species along with potential food sources …
Distributed, Adaptive Deployment For Nonholonomic Mobile Sensor Networks : Theory And Experiments, Jose Marcio Luna-Castaneda
Distributed, Adaptive Deployment For Nonholonomic Mobile Sensor Networks : Theory And Experiments, Jose Marcio Luna-Castaneda
Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs
In this work we show the Lyapunov stability and convergence of an adaptive and decentralized coverage control for a team of mobile sensors. This new approach assumes nonholonomic sensors rather than the usual holonomic sensors found in the literature. The kinematics of the unicycle model and a nonlinear control law in polar coordinates are used in order to prove the stability of the controller applied over a team of mobile sensors. This controller is adaptive, which means that the mobile sensors are able to estimate and map a density function in the sampling space without a previous knowledge of the …
Faculty Publications And Creative Works 2010, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Faculty Publications And Creative Works 2010, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Office of the Vice President for Research
Faculty Publications & Creative Works is an annual compendium of scholarly and creative activities of University of New Mexico faculty during the noted calendar year. It serves to illustrate the robust and active intellectual pursuits conducted by the faculty in support of teaching and research at UNM.
Environmental Regulation Of Carbon Isotope Discrimination And Internal Co2 Conductance In C3 Leaves, Christopher Paul Bickford
Environmental Regulation Of Carbon Isotope Discrimination And Internal Co2 Conductance In C3 Leaves, Christopher Paul Bickford
Biology ETDs
Stable carbon isotopes are powerful tools for elucidating leaf- and ecosystem- level processes, and recent technological developments provide new opportunities to assess the isotopic flux during leaf gas exchange. In these studies I used a tunable diode laser spectroscope coupled to a infra-red gas analyzer to measure the isotopic composition of leaf gas exchange at high frequency in both field and greenhouse settings and assess environmental regulation of carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and internal conductance of CO2 to sites of carboxylation (gi). I measured Δ and gi across diurnal and seasonal periods in field-grown Juniperus monosperma trees and used these …
Annual Report Of The University, 2008-2009, Volumes 1-6, University Of New Mexico
Annual Report Of The University, 2008-2009, Volumes 1-6, University Of New Mexico
UNM Annual Reports
Division of Enrollment Management 2008-2009 Goals and Accomplishments • Enrollment Results: Broke the funding formula 3% "enrollment band" in 2009. This had not been done since 2003. Increased Fall 2008 new freshmen by 10.8%. Increased Spring 2009 transfer students by 12.6%. Increased National Scholars from 14 in 2007 to 39 in 2008 and 73 in 2009 (92% increase). Overall enrollment for Fall 2009 increased 5.75% including 5.7% for new freshmen, 30% for new transfers with large growth in non-residents. • Expanded our communication capacity by purchasing Hobson\'s EMT E-Mail software that allows us to communicate more frequently and effectively with …
Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2009, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2009, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Office of the Vice President for Research
No abstract provided.
Controls On Microbial Community Structure In Thermal Environments: Exploring Bacterial Diversity And The Relative Influence Of Geochemistry And Geography, Kendra Renee Mitchell
Controls On Microbial Community Structure In Thermal Environments: Exploring Bacterial Diversity And The Relative Influence Of Geochemistry And Geography, Kendra Renee Mitchell
Biology ETDs
Community wide molecular surveys have revealed incredible hidden phylogenetic and metabolic diversity in microbial habitats. We have conducted the first microbial survey of Yellowstone National Park thermal environments, sampling 103 communities from across the park and across the range of conditions found. Yellowstone is particularly suited for this type of research because of the large number and wide variety of thermal springs, which are naturally occurring chemostats enabling examination of the factors that control microbes and drive community structure. In addition to samples for molecular microbial analysis, we collected water for extensive geochemical analysis in order to begin to deduce …
Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2008, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2008, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Office of the Vice President for Research
I invite you to read this report Contract & Grant Awards, fiscal year 2008, which lists contract and grant UC&GV awards received by the University of New Mexico (UNM) during the period from July 1, 2007 - June 30, 2008 (FY08). These awards represent new funds that were acquired during FY08 by the main campus, branch campuses, education centers, and the Health Sciences Center (HSC). The HSC includes the School of Medicine, the College of Nursing, and the College of Pharmacy. The awards received for FY08 total $303.4M, of which $169.3M is attributed to the main campus and $134.1M to …
Contract And Grant Awards, Five Years 2003-2007, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Contract And Grant Awards, Five Years 2003-2007, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Office of the Vice President for Research
No abstract provided.
Food Habits Of Rodents Inhabiting Arid And Semi-Arid Ecosystems Of Central New Mexico, Andrew G. Hope, Robert R. Parmenter
Food Habits Of Rodents Inhabiting Arid And Semi-Arid Ecosystems Of Central New Mexico, Andrew G. Hope, Robert R. Parmenter
Special Publications
In this study, we describe seasonal dietary composition for 15 species of rodents collected in all major habitats on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (Socorro County) in central New Mexico. A comprehensive literature review of food habits for these species from throughout their distribution also is provided. We collected rodents in the field during winter, spring and late summer in 1998 from six communities: riparian cottonwood forest; piñon-juniper woodland; juniper-oak savanna; mesquite savanna; short-grass steppe; and Chihuahuan Desert scrubland. Rodents included Spermophilus spilosoma (Spotted Ground Squirrel), Perognathus flavescens (Plains Pocket Mouse), Perognathus flavus (Silky Pocket Mouse), Dipodomys merriami (Merriams Kangaroo …
2006 Annual Report, Donald Duszynski
Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2006, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2006, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Office of the Vice President for Research
I invite you to read this report Contract & Grant Awards, fiscal year 2006, which lists contract and grant (C&G) awards received by the University of New Mexico (UNM) during the period from July 1, 2005 - June 30, 2006 (FY06). These awards represent new funds that were acquired during FY06 by the main campus, branch campuses and education centers, and the Health Sciences Center (HSC). The HSC includes the School of Medicine, College of Nursing, and College of Pharmacy. The awards received for FY06 total $298.6M, of which $165.4M is attributed to the main campus and $133.2M to HSC. …
Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2005, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2005, Office Of The Vice President For Research
Office of the Vice President for Research
I invite you to read this report Contract & Grant Awards, fiscal year 2005, which lists contract and grant (C&G) awards received by the University of New Mexico (UNM) during the period from July 1, 2004 - June 30, 2005 (FY05). These awards represent new funds that were acquired during FY05 by the main campus, branch campuses and education centers, and the Health Sciences Center (HSC). The HSC includes the School of Medicine, College of Nursing, and College of Pharmacy. The awards received for FY05 total $295.4M, of which $167.6M is attributed to the main campus and $127.8M to HSC. …