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Demand For Water Quality: Empirical Evidence From A Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, And Choice Experiment Survey About The Bagmati River In Kathmandu, Nepal, Hari Katuwal Aug 2012

Demand For Water Quality: Empirical Evidence From A Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, And Choice Experiment Survey About The Bagmati River In Kathmandu, Nepal, Hari Katuwal

Economics ETDs

Surface water ecosystems such as rivers and lakes provide many benefits to the society. These benefits include both market goods such as drinking water, outdoor recreation, fisheries, as well as non market goods such as habitats for aquatic life, biodiversity, aesthetic attributes, and religious values. Because people value both market and non market goods, benefits from both types of goods must be taken into account for any policy change. The primary objective of this dissertation is to assess public preferences and estimate the benefits of improving environmental quality, water quality in particular, using survey data from Kathmandu, Nepal. Chapter 2 …

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A New Class Of Neural Architectures To Model Episodic Memory : Computational Studies Of Distal Reward Learning, Shawn Taylor Aug 2012

A New Class Of Neural Architectures To Model Episodic Memory : Computational Studies Of Distal Reward Learning, Shawn Taylor

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

A computational cognitive neuroscience model is proposed, which models episodic memory based on the mammalian brain. A computational neural architecture instantiates the proposed model and is tested on a particular task of distal reward learning. Categorical Neural Semantic Theory informs the architecture design. To experiment upon the computational brain model, embodiment and an environment in which the embodiment exists are simulated. This simulated environment realizes the Morris Water Maze task, a well established biological experimental test of distal reward learning. The embodied neural architecture is treated as a virtual rat and the environment it acts in as a virtual water …

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In Vitro Cytotoxicity And Skin Irritation Testing Of Antimicrobial Conjugated Electrolytes : Interactions With Mammalian Cells, Kristin N. Wilde Aug 2012

In Vitro Cytotoxicity And Skin Irritation Testing Of Antimicrobial Conjugated Electrolytes : Interactions With Mammalian Cells, Kristin N. Wilde

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

An estimated 19,000 deaths and $3-4 billion in health care costs per year in the U.S. are attributed to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Certain cationic phenylene ethynylene (CPE)-based polymers (PPEs) and oligomers (OPEs) have been demonstrated to exhibit dark and light-activated antimicrobial activity. Envisioned applications of these CPEs include the fabrication of antimicrobial surfaces to reduce or prevent the spread of potentially untreatable strains of bacteria. Until recently, it was unknown if the polymers or oligomers would exhibit similar biocidal activity toward mammalian cells. This work examines the toxicity of CPEs to mammalian cells at three levels: cytoxicity testing …

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Vers Une Ecocritique Postcoloniale Africaine: L’Environnement Dans Les Litteratures Africaines De Langue Française, Marie Chantale Mofin Noussi Aug 2012

Vers Une Ecocritique Postcoloniale Africaine: L’Environnement Dans Les Litteratures Africaines De Langue Française, Marie Chantale Mofin Noussi

Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs

This work was motivated by two major facts: the African environment is at the heart of the continents relationships with colonialism, neocolonialism and globalization; but there is not enough literary emphasis on this environmental centrality. This work contributes in bridging the gap between African Francophone Literatures and the environmental discourses. This dissertation is the literary analysis of the representation, the transformation, and the exploitation of the African environment in the operating policies of colonial, neocolonial and global power structures. These environmental policies in the colonial and current global world tend to mold the African environment in a way that the …

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The Visual Exchange: The Intersection Of Vision, Gender, And Empire In Nineteenth-Century British Literature, Stacey L. Kikendall Aug 2012

The Visual Exchange: The Intersection Of Vision, Gender, And Empire In Nineteenth-Century British Literature, Stacey L. Kikendall

English Language and Literature ETDs

This dissertation examines key moments in fictional and autobiographical texts when gender construction and colonization intersect and create the possibility for reciprocal visual exchange between disparate people. In a visual exchange, the participants actively and meaningfully look at one another, at the same time acknowledging the others subjectivity. I argue that these moments hint at the subliminal utopian desire by the author, and perhaps the reader, for a more equal, even democratic, community. I study a range of texts written during the long nineteenth century by male and female authors, including Sydney Owenson's The Wild Irish Girl (1806), The History …

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The Challenges And Discoveries In Using Equine Assisted Psychotherapy Approaches By Counseling Practitioners In The Southwest, Katrina Lujan Aug 2012

The Challenges And Discoveries In Using Equine Assisted Psychotherapy Approaches By Counseling Practitioners In The Southwest, Katrina Lujan

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This dissertation introduces counselors to the challenges and discoveries in using varied experiential approaches, specifically Equine Assisted Psychotherapy, in their practice. The intention of this study is to guide counselors who are interested in using experiential applications in their own practices.

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The Effects Of Acetate Concentrations On Competition Between Microbial Populations In Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal From Wastewater, Yunjie Tu Aug 2012

The Effects Of Acetate Concentrations On Competition Between Microbial Populations In Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal From Wastewater, Yunjie Tu

Civil Engineering ETDs

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is a popular modification of the activated sludge process, and has been studied and applied for decades. It was hypothesized that the bacteria responsible for EBPR, polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs), have an advantage over their competitors, the glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs). Because research EBPR systems have been primarily sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), which include rapid feed addition and relatively high substrate concentrations, while full scale systems often include complete mix reactors, which yield generally lower substrate concentrations due to instantaneous dilution of influent, evaluating this hypothesis has both fundamental and applied implications. The primary objectives …

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Assessing The Utilization Of Inhaled Corticosteroids And Health Care Services For Asthma By Hispanic And Non-Hispanic White Patients Using The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, Akshay Kharat Aug 2012

Assessing The Utilization Of Inhaled Corticosteroids And Health Care Services For Asthma By Hispanic And Non-Hispanic White Patients Using The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, Akshay Kharat

Pharmaceutical Sciences ETDs

Objectives: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are widely used in the management of asthma. Prior research suggests that asthmatic patients access to ICS may vary by ethnicity. The objectives of the study were to determine if there is a difference in the proportion of Hispanic and non-Hispanic White patients in the receipt of ICS prescription for asthma and to determine the independent predictors of receiving an ICS prescription in asthmatic patients. The study further examined the utilization of asthma-related healthcare services (office visits, prescription fills, inpatient visits, and emergency room visits) in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White asthmatic patients. Methods: The U.S. Medical …

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Nutrient Dynamics In A Headwater Stream : Use Of Continuous Water Quality Sensors To Examine Seasonal, Event, And Diurnal Processes In The East Fork Jemez River, Nm, Lauren R. Sherson Aug 2012

Nutrient Dynamics In A Headwater Stream : Use Of Continuous Water Quality Sensors To Examine Seasonal, Event, And Diurnal Processes In The East Fork Jemez River, Nm, Lauren R. Sherson

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

Stream water quality can change substantively over seasonal, event, and diurnal scales. Multiple biogeochemical processes operate on a 24-hour timescale, and also may be influenced by local weather and precipitation events. Increased sampling frequency, made possible by recent developments in continuous water quality monitors, allows us to better understand biogeochemical responses to these events. Continuous water quality sensors were deployed in the East Fork Jemez River (located in northern New Mexico) from 2010 – 2011 to investigate the temporal variability of nutrient concentrations and biogeochemical parameters and the controls on this variation. This thesis is split into two chapters representing …

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President's Weekly Perspective, 8/27/2012, Robert G. Frank Aug 2012

President's Weekly Perspective, 8/27/2012, Robert G. Frank

President Frank's Administration

No abstract provided.

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Household Food Security In Developing Countries: Understanding The Role Of Dynamic Natural And Social Systems, Steven Archambault Aug 2012

Household Food Security In Developing Countries: Understanding The Role Of Dynamic Natural And Social Systems, Steven Archambault

Economics ETDs

The lack of consistent and reliable levels of nutritious food may be one of the most brutal results of poverty. Beyond the human suffering, the lack of food security has damaging economic consequences, making it difficult for communities to break poverty cycles. This dissertation studies the various decisions made by households, governments, and the international community that impact household food security. Food security, the long-term availability of nutritious foods, is essentially achieved through a trade-off of consumption and investment in assets and capital to ensure future availability of food. Chapter 2 builds an optimal control model to analyze the trade-offs …

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The Effect Of Carbon Dioxide On The Density And Compressibility Of Kimberlitic Magma, Alison R. Santos Aug 2012

The Effect Of Carbon Dioxide On The Density And Compressibility Of Kimberlitic Magma, Alison R. Santos

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

Constraints were placed on the density of kimberlitic melts containing varying amounts of CO2 using high pressure sink/float experiments. The melt composition used was carefully selected and was prepared free of H2O and minor elements in order to focus on the effect of CO2. Experiments were run in graphite capsules over a pressure range of 4-10 GPa in a multi-anvil apparatus using Fo100 and Fo90 spheres as density markers. The compositions used contained 0, 3, 6, and 12 wt% CO2 and were derived from mixing the 0 and 12 wt% CO2 compositions together. Run products were analyzed with FTIR to …

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Quantifying The Contribution Of Bank Storage Due To An Alteration In Stream Stage, Jeffrey Samson Aug 2012

Quantifying The Contribution Of Bank Storage Due To An Alteration In Stream Stage, Jeffrey Samson

Civil Engineering ETDs

The desire to control rivers to reduce risks of flooding while providing water storage for municipal and agricultural uses has resulted in the disconnection of rivers from their floodplains. An important and often neglected outcome of this detachment is the loss of a plethora of important ecosystem services. This research was focused on answering the following questions related to riparian groundwater storage (bank storage): 1) What is the time to saturation (maximum storage) and time to release of bank storage water as the result of a flood pulse that overbanks a portion of the floodplain?; 2) How does soil stratigraphy …

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Report Projects Improved Corn Production For Mexico, But U.S. Drought Could Affect Domestic Prices, Carlos Navarro Aug 2012

Report Projects Improved Corn Production For Mexico, But U.S. Drought Could Affect Domestic Prices, Carlos Navarro

SourceMex

No abstract provided.

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Sharing Science: A Study On The Effects Of Informal Science Education Outreach With Elementary Students, Martha Jo Vargas, Diane L. Marshall, Teresa E. Sheldahl Aug 2012

Sharing Science: A Study On The Effects Of Informal Science Education Outreach With Elementary Students, Martha Jo Vargas, Diane L. Marshall, Teresa E. Sheldahl

Biology ETDs

Science education reform has prompted scientists, engineers, and politicians alike to act on the growing need for improved educational programs in the STEM fields. Informal science programs that provide an educational experience outside of a traditional classroom and involve students on real-life and hands-on experiments are among these initiatives. It is hypothesized that informal science programs may increase students interest and performance in science and related subjects. Here we evaluate this by assessing the impacts of one such program, the Junior Scientist Outreach Program (JSOP), a weeklong, free-of-cost camp with fourth and fifth grade students in a predominately Hispanic/Latino community …

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Staff Council Steering Committee Meeting, 8/3/2012, Unm Staff Council Aug 2012

Staff Council Steering Committee Meeting, 8/3/2012, Unm Staff Council

UNM Staff Council

No abstract provided.

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"Mapuche Conflict" Flares Up In Chile's Araucanía Region, Benjamin Witte-Lebhar Aug 2012

"Mapuche Conflict" Flares Up In Chile's Araucanía Region, Benjamin Witte-Lebhar

NotiEn: An Analytical Digest About Energy Issues in Latin America

A flurry of arson attacks, land occupations, and violent police raids have refocused public attention on Chile's longsimmering "Mapuche conflict," which is once again showing signs of boiling over. Sonamed for the involvement of ethnic Mapuches, Chile's largest indigenous group, the conflict also involves nonMapuche farmers and rural business magnates, as well as heavily armed carabineros [uniformed police], which maintain a constant presence in and around certain 'hotspot' communities in the Biobío and Araucanía regions. Fueling tensions are issues of poverty, land ownership, and racism.

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"Mapuche Conflict" Flares Up In Chile’S Araucanã­A Region, Benjamin Witte-Lebhar Aug 2012

"Mapuche Conflict" Flares Up In Chile’S Araucanã­A Region, Benjamin Witte-Lebhar

NotiSur

No abstract provided.

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Avian Flu Outbreak Reported In Jalisco, Mexico’S Largest Poultry- And Egg-Producing State, Carlos Navarro Jul 2012

Avian Flu Outbreak Reported In Jalisco, Mexico’S Largest Poultry- And Egg-Producing State, Carlos Navarro

SourceMex

No abstract provided.

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An Exploratory Study Of Pharmacists' Professional Learning, Kristina Wittsrtom Jul 2012

An Exploratory Study Of Pharmacists' Professional Learning, Kristina Wittsrtom

Organization, Information and Learning Sciences ETDs

Todays healthcare professional is challenged to stay current with increasingly complex therapeutic challenges, greater societal needs and expectations, and a public demand for the best possible care. Professional learning opportunities are needed to develop new knowledge, skills, or abilities to address specific matters encountered during professional practice. Professional learning opportunities must be relevant to a specific professional practice setting and promote change(s) in behavior, attitude, or practice before improvement in patient outcomes and population health can be realized. While much research has investigated professional learning specific to physicians, pharmacists have not been included. The purpose of this study was to …

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A Fmri Study Of Auditory Orienting And Inhibition Of Return In Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Zhen Yang Jul 2012

A Fmri Study Of Auditory Orienting And Inhibition Of Return In Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Zhen Yang

Psychology ETDs

Studies in adult mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have shown that two key measures of attention, spatial reorienting and inhibition of return (IOR), are impaired during the first few weeks of injury. However, it is currently unknown whether similar deficits exist following pediatric mTBI. The current study used fMRI to investigate the effects of semi-acute mTBI (< 3 weeks post-injury) on auditory orienting in 14 pediatric mTBI patients (age 13.50 ± 1.83; education: 6.86 ± 1.88) and 14 healthy controls (age 13.29 ± 2.09; education: 7.21 ± 2.08) matched for age and years of education. Results indicated that patients with mTBI showed subtle (i.e., moderate effect sizes) but non-significant deficits on formal neuropsychological testing and during inhibition of return. In contrast, functional imaging results indicated that patients with mTBI demonstrated significantly decreased activation within the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, thalamus, basal ganglia, midbrain nuclei, and cerebellum. The spatial topography of hypoactivation was very similar to our previous study in adults, suggesting that subcortical structures may be particularly affected by the initial biomechanical forces in mTBI. Current results also suggest that fMRI may be a more sensitive tool for identifying semi-acute effects of mTBI than the procedures currently used in clinical practice such as neuropsychological testing and structural scans. fMRI findings could potentially serve as a biomarker for measuring the subtle injury caused by mTBI and documenting the course of recovery.

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Soil Radionuclide Concentrations And Preliminary Stormwater Model Assessment At Material Disposal Area G, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Marquis B. Childs Jul 2012

Soil Radionuclide Concentrations And Preliminary Stormwater Model Assessment At Material Disposal Area G, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Marquis B. Childs

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

Material Disposal Area G (MDA-G) is at Technical Area (TA) 54 at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). MDA-G has been the principal facility for the disposal of low-level, solid mixed, and transuranic (TRU) waste since 1957, it is currently LANL's primary facility for radioactive solid waste burial and storage. As part of the annual environmental surveillance effort at MDA-G, surface soil samples are collected around the facility's perimeter to characterize possible radionuclide movement off the site through surface water runoff. During 1998, 39 soil samples were collected and analyzed for percent moisture, tritium, plutonium-238 & 239 and americium-241. The results …

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Adolescent Perceptions And Beliefs Of Proactive-Reactive Aggression Explored Through The Social Information Processing Model Of Aggression., John Salaz Jul 2012

Adolescent Perceptions And Beliefs Of Proactive-Reactive Aggression Explored Through The Social Information Processing Model Of Aggression., John Salaz

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Human aggression is a frequently studied aspect of human behavior. Although great strides have been made not one single theory can fully explain the complexity of aggression. The Social Information Processing model of aggression (Crick and Dodge, 1994) has served as a useful tool to examine differences amongst individuals. This model considers mechanisms through which every individual processes social information, ultimately leading towards behavior. This study examined adolescent aggression through the Social Information Processing model. Participants consisted of 149 male and female students from a large urban school district in southwestern United States. Each participant was assessed with measures of …

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Sustainable Water Supply For The Village Of Kpandu Dafor, Volta Region, Ghana, Amy Louise Jul 2012

Sustainable Water Supply For The Village Of Kpandu Dafor, Volta Region, Ghana, Amy Louise

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

This report describes the design of a water distribution system for the village of Kpandu Dafor. The water distribution system consists of the source of water, four designs of the distribution system, water-storage tank, septic tank systems, and chlorination system. The source of water was one of the three boreholes that can provide water at 70 or 80 liters per minute (Lpm). EPANET was used to develop the four different pipe designs for the water distribution system. The pipes were designed to be 24.5-, 32-, 50-, 63-, and 90-millimeter (mm) polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with flow of 0.225 liters per second …

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An Analysis Of The Los Padillas Wildlife Sanctuary : A Place-Based Environmental Education Model, Mariana Padilla Jul 2012

An Analysis Of The Los Padillas Wildlife Sanctuary : A Place-Based Environmental Education Model, Mariana Padilla

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

The purpose of this professional project is to examine the history of the Los Padillas Wildlife Sanctuary (LPWS) program in order to formulate recommendations that will assist the school in making it more sustainable while ensuring that it is integrated into its curriculum and educational philosophy in a meaningful way. Despite the value this program brings to the school it has continued to struggle; it lacks necessary funding for staffing and administration and also suffers from low participation and involvement by school staff, students and community. The project approach includes a detailed description of the development of the LPWS based …

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Legacy Of Betrayal: A Trans-Atlantic Comparison Of The Cherokee Removal And The Highland Clearances, Lisa Brown Jul 2012

Legacy Of Betrayal: A Trans-Atlantic Comparison Of The Cherokee Removal And The Highland Clearances, Lisa Brown

History ETDs

In my work I offer a comparative study of the removal experiences of the Cherokees of Georgia and the Sutherland Gaels in the Highlands of Scotland. Examining the effects of colonialism and cultural imperialism on indigenous populations, the following examines the ways in these peoples mediated their colonial experiences through their own cultural mores, how the removals were carried out, and the resultant impact on these indigenes. The following focuses largely on the role of acculturation, or assimilation, of the elite into the colonizing societys values and life ways, and how this led to a growing distance between the chiefs …

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Effect Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On The Attention Network Task (Ant), Michael Trumbo Jul 2012

Effect Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On The Attention Network Task (Ant), Michael Trumbo

Psychology ETDs

This investigation studied the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the Attention Network Task (ANT) - a combination speeded response/flanker task, which elucidates activity of three attentional networks - alerting, orienting, and executive functioning. Anodal tDCS was applied over the right inferior frontal cortex at 0.1 mA or 2.0 mA for 30 minutes. Participants were tested prior to stimulation, roughly 30 minutes following cessation of stimulation, 70 minutes following cessation of stimulation, and 115 minutes following cessation of stimulation. Due to the areas being stimulated (RIFC), and results from previous studies that link the alerting network to frontal …

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Untranslatable Words In Classical Latin: The Problem With Pius, Keith Alexander Woodell Jul 2012

Untranslatable Words In Classical Latin: The Problem With Pius, Keith Alexander Woodell

Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs

The Romans of the Classical Era (circa 100 B.C.E. to 15 C.E.) had a social, religious, and legal structure that was vastly different from that of modern Western societies. On account of this difference and especially due to the influence of the Christian religion, many Roman concepts have been misunderstood and mistranslated. This thesis analyzes the Latin word pius along with its nominal and adverbial derivatives in ancient literature to try to understand how the concept actually worked in Roman cognition. Perhaps due to the fact that words like pity,' 'pious,' and 'piety' all derive from pius, the way it …

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Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Wrist Flexion Work And Power After Immobilization, Jeremy Fransen Jul 2012

Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Wrist Flexion Work And Power After Immobilization, Jeremy Fransen

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

The purpose of this dissertation was to identify the effect of creatine (Cr) supplementation during immobilization on muscle performance. Twenty-five healthy, active male (n = 14; age 28 ± 5 years) and female (n = 11; age 22 ± 4 years) subjects performed wrist flexion exercise before (PRE) and after (POST) one week of wrist/forearm cast immobilization. During the immobilization period, subjects consumed Cr (20g) or placebo PL (4% CHO flavored solution) interspersed throughout the day. On the first day of immobilization subjects consumed two doses of Cr (10 g) or PL. Subjects consumed 5 g of Cr or PL …

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Not Just Another Paper Cut: An Exploratory Analysis Of The Silent Epidemic Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (Nssi) And Efforts To Control Self-Injury Among School-Based Adolescents, Eloisa Sanchez Jul 2012

Not Just Another Paper Cut: An Exploratory Analysis Of The Silent Epidemic Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (Nssi) And Efforts To Control Self-Injury Among School-Based Adolescents, Eloisa Sanchez

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a behavioral health problem within the broader risk category of self-directed violence and closely associated with borderline personality disorder (BPD) (American Psychiatric, 2012). There are several types of NSSI behaviors such as cutting; which are used as a coping mechanism by individuals to relieve distress. These methods of coping are private and silent and according to experts in the field, this is a fast growing behavioral problem among adolescents. Researchers Muehlenkamp, Walsh, & McDade (2010) approximate the life time rates of at least one NSSI act among adolescents in high school to be 23%. The primary …

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