Digital Commons Network^™

Phytoplankton Monitoring In Gulf Of Maine As A Signal Of Climate Change Impacts, Nicholas Gosling

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Denmark’S Depth Model Version 2.0 – Improved Compilation Of Bathymetric Data Within The Danish Waters, Giuseppe Masetti, Philip Sigaard Granding, Kasper Langdahl, Lasse M. Schwenger, Kristian V. Kristmar

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Denmark’s Depth Model version 2.0 (DDM v2.0) is the latest iteration of a Digital Bathymetric Model (DBM) for Danish waters, offering a grid resolution of 50 meters. The compilation integrates hundreds of survey datasets, including both modern and historical sources, as well as satellite-derived and crowdsourced bathymetric data. The model is referenced to Mean Sea Level (MSL) datum and – due to the adopted compilation process – is not designed for safety of navigation. DDM v2.0 is accessible through the Danish Geodata Agency's website and constitutes a significant contribution to the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) Bathymetry initiative.

How Should Scientists Act? Assessing Public Perceptions Of Scientists And Scientific Practices And Their Implications For Science Communication, Thomas G. Safford, Emily H. Whitmore

Faculty Publications

Is how science is conducted legitimate? Are scientists trustworthy? Whether the public answers “yes” to these questions is critical for science communicators. We explore how social factors affect public perceptions of the practice of science, and then test how those beliefs relate to views about how scientists engage with the public and policy making. Our results show that political ideology and religiosity affect these views. However, more importantly, respondents’ concerns about the integrity of the scientific process are the strongest predictor of views about scientists’ behavior, providing a focus area for future communication efforts in support of science-based decision making.

Colsa Faculty Spotlight: David Plachetzki, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

How Migratory Marine Life Connects Ecosystems From New England To Florida, Nicholas Gosling

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Monitoring Nekton Response To Salt Marsh Restoration In The Great Marsh Estuary, Ma, Alexandria E. Sangermano

Master's Theses and Capstones

Salt marshes are intertidal, vegetated habitats that develop in protected, low energy areas within temperate estuaries. Notably, the North American coast comprises approximately 40% of the world's salt marshes which are valued for their numerous ecosystem services including coastal protection, carbon sequestration, and outdoor recreation. Additionally, salt marshes are vital habitats for estuarine nekton (fish and crustaceans), which rely on creeks, channels, the vegetated marsh, and isolated pools within the marsh surface for reproduction, foraging, and refuge from predators. In New England, the historic practice of salt marsh ditching for agricultural development and mosquito management has resulted in significant changes …

The Genomic Basis Of Adaptation In Salt-Marsh-Breeding Sparrows, Jonathan David Clark

Doctoral Dissertations

Salt marshes are an ecotone between terrestrial and marine environments characterized byshort, graminoid vegetation and periodic tidal inundation with saline water. Despite the generally inhospitable conditions salt marshes present for terrestrial vertebrate life—principally, exposure to heat, salinity, and flooding—several terrestrial vertebrate species have adapted to, or are capable of inhabiting salt marshes. Notably, species of passerine birds that have adapted to salt marshes have repeatedly evolved a similar suite of adaptations, which has been named the “saltmarsh syndrome,” including larger bills, darker plumage, and an increased tolerance of salt.

The myriad species of New World sparrows (Passerellidae) that breed in …

Climate Change In New England: The Influence Of Soil Warming And Nitrogen Enrichment On Forest Carbon Cycling, Thomas Joseph Muratore

Doctoral Dissertations

Forests, the largest active cycling reservoir of carbon (C) in the terrestrial biosphere, mediate the exchange of CO2 between the atmosphere and the biosphere in large enough quantities to affect Earth’s climate. Presently, forests are significant C sinks and mitigate one-third of all anthropogenic C emissions by storing more C in biomass and soils than they exchange with the atmosphere. Anthropogenic activities and climate change disrupt the balance between forest C uptake and loss. This raises concerns about the sensitivity of the forest C sink. Traditionally, forest C exchange between trees and soils under climate change has been studied separately, …

“Why You Understand The Why”: A Qualitative Characterization Of The Metacognitive Competence Of Introductory Stem Peer Coaches, Jonathan Kustina

Doctoral Dissertations

The processes of metacognition are vital for students’ development of critical thinking skills and productive learning mindsets, yet many students never receive the direct instruction that would allow them to formally develop their metacognition. As instructors are typically not providing this instruction, there may be an alternate source to facilitate the learning of metacognition to students. This research study will investigate the viability of having peer coaches, undergraduate peer educators who help facilitate learning and problem solving in introductory STEM courses, facilitate metacognition to their students. Specifically, this research study aims to understand and characterize the metacognitive competence of the …

Functional Characterization Of Copper Tolerance In The Atypical Microsymbiont Pseudofrankia Inefficax, Megan Paige Garcia

Doctoral Dissertations

Bacterial species in the family Frankiaceae are soil-dwelling microsymbionts that form a mutualistic symbiosis, termed the actinorhizal symbiosis, with over 220 species of woody dicots. In this relationship, frankia fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a form usable by plants, while the bacteria benefit from the carbon sources exuded by their actinorhizal hosts. Since nitrogen is typically a limiting nutrient for growth in degraded and contaminated soils, actinorhizal plants establish at these sites as pioneer plant species, initiating a path for phytoremediation. Likely due to their association with plant hosts in contaminated soils, most frankia strains have evolved above average tolerances …

Improving Understanding Of Fluvial Reach-Scale Solute Transport And Uptake Using A Particle Tracking Model And Random Forest Machine Learning Model, Jiaying Liu

Doctoral Dissertations

In addition to transporting flowing water, river systems carry dissolved nutrients and pollutants, which can experience chemical reactions, biological uptake, or retention in surface or hyporheic zones. This dissertation enhances our understanding of solute transport and uptake in river reaches through three main components. The first component involves the development of a novel curve-fitting model designed to capture the characteristics of pulse-release breakthrough curves (BTCs) from tracer studies with conservative solutes. The model, which was found to be applicable to a wide range of field studies, enables the rapid comparison of transport parameters among diverse field studies obtained under a …

Deformation-Induced Bonding Of Glassy Polymeric Films And The Diluent Effect, Ajay Vallabh

Doctoral Dissertations

Bonding between two polymer films can be achieved through various heat- or chemical-based methods. Recently, our group has discovered the novel phenomenon of deformation-induced bonding (DIB) for solid-state glassy polymers in time on the scale of a fraction of a second at ambient temperatures substantially below the bulk glass transition temperatures (T_g). DIB is achieved by bulk plastic compression, which triggers the molecular mobility of polymer chains to cause interpenetration across the interface even in a glassy regime.

First, we performed a series of experiments to evaluate solid-state, deformation-induced bonding in organic polymer blends composed of films of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose …

Characterizing The Usda-Npgs Germplasm Collection Of Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum Tataricum), Noah Joseph Abasciano

Master's Theses and Capstones

AbstractTartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is a promising underutilized crop in the context of New England’s rapidly changing environment (USDA NH State Profile, 2022). Despite substantive prior work on the genetics and nutrition of Tartary buckwheat (Zhang et al., 2017b), many practical questions pertaining to its potential cultivation in New England remain unanswered. This thesis presents the first systematic genotypic and phenotypic screening of the USDA National Plant Germplasm System's (NPGS) Tartary buckwheat germplasm collection in an effort to lay the foundations for future crop improvement efforts. The genotypic assessment of the NPGS Tartary buckwheat germplasm was completed by first bottlenecking …

Characterizing Tropical Forest Structure Using Semivariance And Crown Delineation, Brittani Joy Evon Chapman

Master's Theses and Capstones

The study of terrestrial carbon stocks is essential to understand global carbon cycles and the magnitude of anthropogenic carbon emissions. Forests are significant terrestrial carbon stores, with the above ground biomass of the Brazilian rainforest alone conservatively estimated to contain ten percent of the terrestrial carbon stock (Asner et al., 2001; Drake et al., 2002; Keller et al., 2004; Lloyd et al., 2007; Truehaft et al., 2014; Cushman et al., 2021). The Amazon Basin primarily consists of closed-canopy tropical forest, covering 5.8 x 106 km2 interspersed with substantial portions of cerrado surrounding the Amazon River and its tributaries in the …

Behavioral And Physiological Effects Of Ocean Acidification On Juvenile American Lobsters (Homarus Americanus), Todd Edward Stelling

Master's Theses and Capstones

Increased absorption of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) into the world’s oceans has resulted in ocean acidification (OA). Acidification induces physiological and behavioral responses from marine invertebrates that vary by taxa. Resilience to OA has been noted in crustaceans, though negative impacts are still reported. It has been shown that the American lobster (Homarus americanus) can be physiologically impacted by acidified conditions. We explored the effects of acidification on the hemolymph chemistry and the foraging behavior of juvenile American lobsters (carapace length, CL, 29 - 52 mm, 42 +/- 1.3 mm). We exposed 28 juvenile lobsters to individual pH values ranging …

Synthesis And Testing Of Peptide Iron Probes In Cell Studies, Fran Gomez

Master's Theses and Capstones

The study of iron within cells has advanced significantly since the Fenton reaction was proposed as a mechanism for ferroptosis. Various chemical probes have been developed for examining iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS), both of which are involved in the Fenton reaction. Iron, the most abundant transition metal in the human body, primarily exists as Fe(II) and Fe(III) in the cellular environment. The labile iron pool (LIP) is suspected to predominantly exist as Fe(II) due to endogenous reductants. Under ferroptotic conditions, Fe(III) produced in the Fenton reaction can be reduced back to Fe(II), even when chelated, re-inducing hydroxyl radical …

Technical Report: Technical Support For Developing And Field Testing In Situ Bioassays In The Surface Mixing Layer Of Marine Waters At Oil Spill, G. A. Burton, A. Crane, B. Chadwick, G. Rosen, G. Stewart, S. Allan, O. Garcia-Pineda

Coastal Response Research Center

An in situ technology was developed to assess the toxicity of oil spills to aquatic organisms in the water column. This technology, named the Drifting Exposure and Effects Assessment Ring (DEEAR), is comprised of a bioassay tool known as the Sediment Ecotoxicity Assessment Ring (SEA Ring), mounted within a drifting drogue known as the Drifting Particle Simulator (DPS). The technology also includes a UV fluorometer that continuously senses oil fluorescence, as well as passive sampling devices that can be used to quantify average concentrations of oil-based compounds. The DEEAR system was tested in the field in 2019, after which refinements …

Carroll County Advisory Council Minutes 2020, Mikayla Cerney

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Quality Assurance Report For Year 2023 Estuarine Water Quality Datasonde Monitoring, Lara M. Martin

PREP Reports & Publications

No abstract provided.

The Climate Impact Of Tropical Peatland Degradation, René Dommain, Steve Frolking, Aurich Jeltsch-Thömmes, Fortunat Joos, John Couwenberg, Paul Glaser, Alexander Cobb, Charles Harvey

Faculty Publications

Southeast Asia is a global hotspot of peatland degradation and related greenhouse gas emissions. Anthropogenic impacts, mainly associated with agricultural conversion, shift Southeast Asian peatlands from carbon sinks to significant carbon sources. Here we first describe the impacts of anthropogenic drainage on landscape-scale carbon dynamics of individual peatlands and then use an impulse‐response model of radiative forcing to quantify the climate impacts of peat-carbon losses. Whereas water-table elevation (i.e. drainage depth) determines the magnitude of CO2 emissions at the site-scale, the geometric arrangement of artificial drainage networks determines carbon losses on the landscape-scale. Among all peatland greenhouse gas fluxes, the …

Implications Of Energetic Neutral Atoms Observed With Ibex-Lo For The Pressure Balance In The Heliosphere, André Galli, Peter Wurz, Nathan A. Schwadron, Eberhard Möbius, Stephen A. Fuselier, Justyna M. Sokół, Maciej Bzowski, Paweł Swaczyna, Kostas Dialynas, David J. Mccomas

Faculty Publications

Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) from the heliosphere are a unique means to remotely image the boundary regions of our heliosphere. NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) has been very successful in measuring these ENAs since 2008 at energies from tens of eV to 6 keV.The ENA low energy range from tens of eV to solar wind energy (roughly 1 keV) has been sampled throughout an entire solar cycle with the IBEX-Lo ENA imager. This enables us to study the physical implications for the structure of the heliosphere and for the parent proton populations in the heliosheath and other plasma regions that …

The Climate Impact Of Tropical Peatland Degradation, René Dommain, Steve Frolking, Aurich Jeltsch-Thömmes, Fortunat Joos, John Couwenberg, Paul Glaser, Alexander Cobb, Charles Harvey

Faculty Publications

Southeast Asia is a global hotspot of peatland degradation and related greenhouse gas emissions. Anthropogenic impacts, mainly associated with agricultural conversion, shift Southeast Asian peatlands from carbon sinks to significant carbon sources. Here we first describe the impacts of anthropogenic drainage on landscape-scale carbon dynamics of individual peatlands and then use an impulse‐response model of radiative forcing to quantify the climate impacts of peat-carbon losses. Whereas water-table elevation (i.e. drainage depth) determines the magnitude of CO2 emissions at the site-scale, the geometric arrangement of artificial drainage networks determines carbon losses on the landscape-scale. Among all peatland greenhouse gas fluxes, the …

A New Synthesis Of Arctic-Boreal Carbon Fluxes For Improved Carbon Budget Estimates, Anna Virkkala, Isabel Wargowsky, Judith Vogt, Mckenzie Kuhn, Susan Natali, Brendan Rogers, Mathias Goeckede, Kyle Arndt, Jennifer Watts, Tiffany Windholz, Simran Madaan

Faculty Publications

The Arctic-boreal zone and its permafrost regions have historically been sparsely measured for carbon dioxide and methane fluxes. This data sparsity has created significant uncertainties in Arctic-boreal carbon budget estimates. However, over the past decade, the availability of Arctic-boreal carbon flux data has increased substantially. Yet, it remains scattered across different repositories, papers, and unpublished sources, making it hard to estimate more accurate Arctic-boreal carbon budgets. To address this research gap, we have compiled a database of Arctic-boreal carbon fluxes (ABCFlux v2) from flux repositories, literature, and site principal investigators, which will be openly distributed. The database includes carbon dioxide …

Implications Of Energetic Neutral Atoms Observed With Ibex-Lo For The Pressure Balance In The Heliosphere, André Galli, Peter Wurz, Nathan A. Schwadron, Eberhard Möbius, Stephen A. Fuselier, Justyna M. Sokół, Maciej Bzowski, Paweł Swaczyna, Kostas Dialynas, David J. Mccomas

Faculty Publications

Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) from the heliosphere are a unique means to remotely image the boundary regions of our heliosphere. NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) has been very successful in measuring these ENAs since 2008 at energies from tens of eV to 6 keV.The ENA low energy range from tens of eV to solar wind energy (roughly 1 keV) has been sampled throughout an entire solar cycle with the IBEX-Lo ENA imager. This enables us to study the physical implications for the structure of the heliosphere and for the parent proton populations in the heliosheath and other plasma regions that …

University Of New Hampshire 2024-2025 Faculty Senate Xxix - November 25, 2024 Minutes Summary, Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Agendas & Minutes

No abstract provided.

Factors That Influence Colostrum Yield: Environmental Temperature And Photoperiod, Peter S. Erickson

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Things To Do When A Calf Is Born, Peter S. Erickson

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Factors That Influence Colostrum Yield: Hormones, Peter S. Erickson

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Factors Affecting Colostrum Yield: Mastitis, Calf Size, And Udder Size, Peter S. Erickson

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Factors That Influence Colostrum Yield: Prepartum Nutrition, Peter S. Erickson

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.