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The Contemporary Work Ethic: An Exploration Of Culture And Structure In Post-Industrial Society, Marcia J. Ghipina

Doctoral Dissertations

In this dissertation the relationship between structure and culture is explored in the context of the American work ethic. This analysis has two components. The first involves a socio-historical examination of the evolution of conceptions of work. Work is first viewed as lacking any positive qualities but with the emergence of the Protestant ethic and its later secularized versions, work took on positive meaning. These conceptions are analyzed in relation to their structural context, particularly early capitalist industrial society.

To further explore the relationship between culture and structure, a second component is included in this research. In order to characterize …

From Eighth-Grade To High School: A Story Of Enculturation And Adaptation, M Cyrene Wells

Doctoral Dissertations

In this study I describe and interpret the transition students made when they graduated from a process-oriented, learner-centered eighth grade to attend a traditional high school. I explore the students' shared understandings of school literacies, the climate of the two schools, and the adaptations students made to their new learning environment.

I gathered descriptive data during two years of participant observation among adolescents in the elementary and high school; conducted formal and informal interviews with students, teachers, administrators, parents, and community members; collected school and town documents; and analyzed students' school work. In order to compare the ethos of schools …

Work And Power In Post-Fordist Production: A Case Study Of Four Machine Shops, Stephen A. Sweet

Doctoral Dissertations

American industry is shifting to a "post-Fordist" approach to production. The post-Fordist approach includes expanding use of advanced manufacturing technologies, decreasing organizational sizes, decreasing bureaucratization of the work place, and the abandonment of Tayloristic managerial practices in favor of increasing worker participation in decision making processes. This study examines the effects of the post-Fordist approach upon power relations in four work places in the machining industry.

Interviews with 44 machinists, employers and community leaders in the case study site "Machinist Valley" show that the shift to post-Fordism is accompanied by declining incomes, fewer employment opportunities, lower benefits, and less job …

Final Vows: Organizational Dilemmas And Emergent Status-Reconstruction Of The Contemporary American Nun, Mary Anne Wichroski

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation examines the effects of societal, institutional, and structural change on the status of Roman Catholic nuns. Based on interviews with 34 members of female religious orders, archival materials, Church documents, and participant observation, two case study orders (apostolic and cloistered) are compared in terms of structural change since Vatican II and their relative viability in the 1990s. As members of declining organizations, apostolic sisters are reconstructing their roles by drawing upon sources that pre-date formal hierarchical structures, as well as aspects of gender-status. Although active sisters show some congruence with feminist beliefs on work-related issues, other aspects of …

A Sociological Study Of The Manifestation Of Multi-Culturalism In Public Schools, Christy Lee Hammer

Doctoral Dissertations

Debates on multi-culturalism are prevalent in politics, the mass media, and the educational system. I identify the range of local and national views concerning multi-culturalism and multi-cultural education, and explore how these views are manifest in actual multi-cultural practices in the schools. My central thesis is that the implementation of multi-culturalism in the schools threatens core, traditional values functional to the power structure. Yet, effective, quality multi-cultural education does takes place. This reveals a contradiction between the needs of the Nation-State to maintain certain core values and the need for multi-culturalism by international capitalism.

I have explored multi-cultural issues in …

Islands Of Deutschtum: German Americans In Manchester, New Hampshire And Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1870-1942, Robert Paul Mccaffery

Doctoral Dissertations

The history of the German-American communities of Manchester, New Hampshire and Lawrence, Massachusetts raises several important issues about German immigration to the United States. Comprising only a small percentage of the population of the two cities German immigrants founded a distinctive culture--islands of Deutschtum--as vibrant as those in the "German belt" of the Midwest. The historiography has generally concluded that German-Americans could not unite in common cause, and that World War I ended German culture in America. However, not only did Germans in Manchester and Lawrence unite, but they maintained Deutschtum through World War I into World War II.

Several …

Punitiveness And Public Opinion On Abortion And Capital Punishment In The United States, Kimberly Joyce Cook

Doctoral Dissertations

The intriguing paradox of opposition to abortion and support for capital punishment is the central concern of this dissertation. Others have argued that these are inconsistent life views. However, there is some evidence that these views are rooted in traditional morality and political conservatism. Beyond traditionalism, is the desire to punish those who violate the social order. Punitive respondents desire to secure obedience to the law or moral code by means of punishment. Criminal abortion laws allow the authority of the state to punish those who have or perform abortions. Capital punishment is one means of punishing those who are …

Children Experiencing Unemployment Stress: A Comparison Of Families With Stable And Unstable Employment Histories, Barbara Alice Wauchope

Doctoral Dissertations

This study investigates children's experiences of changes that occur in families when fathers lose their jobs, the children's interpretations and responses to those changes, and their resulting symptoms of stress. In the first part, school-aged children and their parents in fourteen two-parent families in northern New England were interviewed and completed instruments measuring the children's behavior and symptoms of stress. In the second part, adults from seventy-six additional families completed a self-administered questionnaire. In both parts, children in families were divided into two groups and compared: middle-class with older parents in which fathers had little or no history of losing …

The Creation Of The New Hampshire State Prison For Women: Some Unintended Consequences Of Legal Reform, Elaine Rizzo

Doctoral Dissertations

In 1989, New Hampshire established its first women's prison in response to a lawsuit filed by inmates charging the state with sex discrimination in its treatment of women prisoners. This litigation reflects a growing use of legal reform based on equal protection rights by female inmates to express and remediate correctional needs.

The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the conditions that led to the creation of the women's prison, and the unintended consequences that have resulted from legal reform on the correctional treatment and court processing of female offenders.

This research uses qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative analysis …

Mainstreaming In Vocational Education: The Socio-Political Context Of Including Students With Disabilities, Joan K. Schwartz

Doctoral Dissertations

This research explores the use of separate training for employment programs (STEP) in serving the needs of students with disabilities in the least restrictive environment in secondary vocational programs in New Hampshire relative to the effect of factors associated with the organization and culture of the school and demographic characteristics of the community.

Multiple and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the effects of school size, sending/receiving school status, community wealth, and expenditures for education on the likelihood that students with disabilities will be placed in a mainstreamed or separate vocational setting. In addition, 24 face-to-face interviews were conducted …

Revisionist Zionism In America: The Campaign To Win American Public Support, 1939-1948, Joanna Maura Saidel

Doctoral Dissertations

Shortly before the outbreak of World War II, followers of the Zionist Revisionists went to the United States at the urging of their leader, Vladimir Jabotinsky. They established two groups which initially attempted to gain public support for the creation of a Jewish Army.

The New Zionist Organization of America, headed by Ben Zion Netanyahu, followed the Revisionist political party. Its campaign exposed the anti-Jewish position of the British in Palestine. It was effective in placing the Palestine problem on the world (rather than regional) agenda of the State Department.

The Irgun Delegation to the United States, headed by Hillel …

Dancing On Razor Wire: Caring To Write And Writing To Care In A Women's Prison, Kathe Penfield Simons

Doctoral Dissertations

This qualitative study investigates the writing of women in prison as a tool to care for themselves and others. The inmates participated in a student-centered, socially contextualized, process writing class whereby they could write for their own purposes, and share and publish their writing. The study presents case studies of two women who were also involved in a peer-tutoring program (one serving as the tutor for the other) and who used their literacies extensively on their own time outside of the classroom.

Many of our nation's inmates are considered illiterate by standardized, school-based measures. Some participate in correctional education programs …

Becoming Visionary: Reading And Living In The Existential Mode, Michael Anthony Reardon

Doctoral Dissertations

This study identifies, defines and analyzes a sub-genre of modern Anglo-American fiction distinguished by the presence of "visionary" characters, who possess the ability to see acutely into the contingency and anguish of the human condition in this world rather than--as with the popular conception of "visionary"--our potentialities in another. Their experience of vision flows from an "existential moment," a type of epiphany which discloses the essential Nothingness that exists beneath the systems, structures, attitudes and assumptions through which we attempt to order our daily lives. Most importantly, the visionary's heightened consciousness leads to an existence defined by individual choice, responsibility …

The Granite, 1994, University Of New Hampshire

The Granite – Yearbook

The yearbook of the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, 1909-1922, the University of New Hampshire, 1923-

The New Hampshire, Vol. 84, No. 19 (Nov. 9, 1993), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire.

Unspeakable Suspicions: Challenging The Racist Consensual Encounter, Peter Schoenburg, Risa Evans

Law Faculty Scholarship

[Excerpt] "In recent years, law enforcement officials have honed a new technique for fighting the "War on Drugs:" the suspicionless police sweep of stations and vehicles involved in interstate mass transportation. Single officers or groups of officers approach unfortunate individuals in busses, trains, stations and airline terminals. A targeted traveller is requested to show identification and tickets, explain the purpose of his or her travels, and finally, at times, to consent to a luggage search. As long as "a reasonable person would understand that he or she could refuse to cooperate," the encounter between the law-enforcement official and the traveller …

The New Hampshire, Vol. 84, No. 12 (Oct. 15, 1993), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 84, No. 08 (Oct. 1, 1993), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 84, No. 05 (Sep. 21, 1993), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 84, No. 03 (Sep. 14, 1993), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire.

Book Review, Timothy J. Arel

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of: STANLEY M. ROSENBLATT, MURDER OF MERCY: EUTHANASIA O N TRIAL. (Prometheus Books 1992) [352 pp.] CIP: 92-25910; ISBN: 0-87975-772-8. [$24.95. 59 John Glenn Drive, Buffalo NY 14228-2197.]

Book Review, Suzanne B. Watson

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of the book: HELENA SZEJNWALD BROWN, ET AL., CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTALISM IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY: SOCIETAL VALUES IN INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER. (Quorum Books 1993) [264 pp.] Acknowledgments, bibliography, figures, index, tables. LC 92- 19851; ISBN: 0-89930-802-3. [$49.95. P.O. Box 5007, Westport CT 06881.]

Book Review, Angela V. Tafro

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of: VICE PRESIDENT AL GORE, EARTH IN THE BALANCE: ECOLOGY AND THE HUMAN SPIRIT. (Plume 1993) [368 pp.] Acknowledgements, bibliography, figures, foreword, illustrations, index, notes. LC 92- 34013; ISBN 0-452-26935-0. [Paper $13.00. 375 Hudson Street, New York NY 10014.]

Schools Respond To Risk Management Programs For Asbestos, Lead In Drinking Water And Radon, Ann Fisher, Lauraine G. Chestnut, Ruth H. Chapman, Robert D. Rowe

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Based on a study of the three EPA-initiated, public school risk management programs noted in the title, the authors find that state agency involvement is an important factor in the success of such programs. They also find, e.g., that school districts are justifiably reluctant to comply with tentative programs

Book Review, Mitchell M. Simon

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of: MARSHALL A. KAPP, ETHICAL ASPECTS OF HEALTH CARE FOR THE ELDERLY: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY. (Greenwood Press 1992). [200 pp.] Number 17 in series, Bibliographies and Indices in Gerontology. Author index; foreword by Erdman B. Palmore, series editor; preface; subject index. LC: 92-17776; ISBN: 0-313-27490-8. [Cloth $45.00. P.O. Box 5007, Westport CT 06881.]

Town-Village Contrasts In Alaskan Youth Aspirations, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Carole L. Seyfrit

Sociology

ABSTRACT. Recent surveys of high school students in Alaska’s Northwest Arctic and Bristol Bay regions reflect the social changes taking place in rural Native communities. Significant differences exist between the aspirations of young people in small villages and those in the larger towns that constitute regional hubs (Kotzebue and Dillingham). Town students, who attend more complete and varied high schools, express greater confidence in their educations and more interest in attending college. Jobs at Red Dog Mine, recently opened in the Northwest Arctic, appeal particularly to young males with strong ties to village life. This labor pool presents special challenges …

Female Flight? Gender Balance And Outmigration By Native Alaskan Villagers, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Carole L. Seyfrit

Sociology

Surveys in Alaska's predominantly Native, Bristol Bay and Northwest Arctic regions examined attitudes toward education and migration among high school students, as well as outcomes among high school graduates. These surveys encompassed 430 high school students and 144 recent high school graduates in 15 predominantly Native villages. About 63 percent of students said they expected to leave their present region, with girls more likely than boys to expect permanent outmigration. Girls were also significantly more ambitious than boys with regard to higher education. Among the graduates surveyed, women were more likely than men to have attended university, to have a …

Advancing Understanding Of Knowledge's Role In Lay Risk Perception, Branden B. Johnson

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Emphasizing how knowledge affects lay Risk perception, summarizing studies and suggesting further research, the author differentiates between knowledge production, knowledge dissemination and information processing as affected by, e.g., heuristics and Risk aversion. He also suggests that better understanding of lay knowledge can also illuminate experts' hazard knowledge.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 83, No. 44 (Apr. 16, 1993), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 83, No. 36 (Mar. 2, 1993), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire.