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Nebraska Bird Review (July 1964) 32(3), Whole Issue.

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

The Present Status of Fontenelle Forest ........................................ 42

Lewis O. Horsky .................... ....................................................... 44

Nesting Report, 1963 .............................................................................. 45

Dana A. Anderson .................................................................................. 45

A Day In The Pine Ridge .................................................................... 47

Sixth Fall Record Report ....... .......... ..... ..... ........................................... 48

The Sixty-Third Annual Meeting ...................................................... 58

General Notes .......................................................................................... 60

Excerpts from Letters ............................................................................ 63

Basic-Data Report Saline County, Nebraska, Philip A. Emery

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Biochemical Changes During The Growth Of Fungi: I. Nitrogen Compounds And Carbohydrate Changes In Penicillium Atrovenetum, David Gottlieb, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Changes in the biochemical constituents of cells were studied during the growth and development of Penicillium atrovenetum. Growth of the fungus, as measured by the dry weight, could be divided into four phases: lag, log, stationary, and death. The percentages of total nitrogen, cold trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and protein increased to a maximum during the lag phase, and subsequently decreased as the fungus aged. The percentage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was always slightly higher in the spores than in the mycelium. The DNA in the mycelium decreased in the lag phase, and then increased slightly to …

Phytotoxic Substances From Soil Microorganisms And Crop Residues, T.M. Mccalla, F.A. Haskins

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The role of organic matter in the growth of plants has been a subject of much investigation and controversy since the sixteenth century. During the early era, decomposition of plant residues and green and animal manures provided a primary source of minerals for plant growth. In addition, beneficial effects on soil structure and water-holding capacity were attribute to the presence of organic matter. With the development of agricultural chemistry culminating in the work of Liebig in the nineteenth century, it was discovered that plants could make satisfactory growth in the absence of added organic matter if suitable kinds and amounts …

Exposure To Parathion Effect On General Population And Asthmatics, Robert S. Ganelin, Cipriano Cueto Jr., G. Allen Mail

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

There has been much lay and medical concern regarding toxic effects of insecticides on the general population. In addition to direct toxic effects, it is suspected that insecticidal application has deleterious physical effects on persons with respiratory diseases. To evaluate some of these problems, the authors have attempted to quantitate actual absorption, symptoms, and laboratory evidence of intoxication in persons with varying degrees of exposure to parathion. By means of controlled observations, the respiratory effect of application of this compound on persons with bronchial asthma was also measured. The results suggest that the effect of this chemical on the general …

Paleoecology Of Pseudozaphentoides Verticillatus (Barbour) In The Plattsmouth Limestone (Pennsylvanian), Robert Francis Diffendal Jr.

Open Access Master's Theses (through 2010)

The purpose of this paper is to (1) delineate precisely the exact areal distribution and stratigraphic position within the Plattsmouth limestone member of any occurrence of Pseudozaphrentoides verticillatus (Barbour) and (2) to study the abiotic and biotic aspects of the Plattsmouth limestone in order to offer some inferences as to the paleoecological significance of these occurrences.

The Plattsmouth limestone in Nebraska is exposed in numerous quarries along the sides of the Weeping Water valley and along the Missouri River bluffs from Plattsmouth, Nebraska south to the Queen Hill quarry. Within the Plattsmouth, corals rapidly diminish in number away from the …

Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xl. Strigea Gruis Sp. N., A Trematode Parasite Of Grus Canadensis (L.), Georges Dubois, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Strigea gruis sp. n. (Trematoda: Strigeata, Strigeidae) is described from the sandhill crane Grus c. canadensis (L.). Only one other species of Strigea (S. neotidis Bisseru, 1956) is known from birds of the order Gruiformes; it is distinguished from S. gruis by several characteristics including its slender form, campanulate anterior segment, size of pharynx and of eggs, position of ovary, and position and size of testes. S. gruis differs from two other species having a relatively large pharynx, S. sphaerula (Rudolphi, 1803) and S. intermedia Szidat, 1932, both parasites of corvids, in the form of the anterior segment and …

Heritability In Relation To Selection Differential In Cattle, G. E. Bradford, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The concept of heritability as generally used, involves the assumption that additive genetic variance is a constant proportion of total variance over the entire range of phenotypes. If this assumption holds, selection response will be linearly related to selection differential. If not, prediction of selection response will not be possible from a knowledge of the phenotypic selection differential and the average proportion of additive genetic variance. Thus the validity of this assumption has a bearing on the design of efficient selection schemes for many situations. In the field of applied animal breeding, for example, this will affect such important questions …

Culture And O-Hydroxycinnamic Acid Content Of Excised Melilotus Roots, Larry G. Williams, Francis A. Haskins, Herman J. Gorz

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Excised roots of biennial sweetclover were successfully cultured through repeated transfers on a modified White's medium solidified with agar. Roots also grew well in shaker-agitated liquid cultures over the pH range 4.5 to 7.0. Exposure of the cultures to bright illumination resulted in submaximal growth. No net synthesis of o-hydroxycinnamic acid was observed in the cultured roots.

Isolation And Preliminary Characterization Of Bacteriophage Φμ-4, Fred Shafia, T.L. Thompson

Papers in Microbiology

Isolation and preliminary characterization of bacteriophage Φμ-4. J. Bacteriol. 87:999-1002. 1964.-Bacteriophage Φμ-4 was isolated from lysogenic Bacillus stearothermophilus NU strain 4, and was propagated in strain 10 of the same species. The phage was extremely host-specific. One of the 23 strains of thermophiles screened for susceptibility supported phage replication. Plaque-forming efficiency of Φμ-4 depended on the agar medium employed and the temperature of incubation. Generally, media which resulted in restricted growth of the host cells on agar plates were most satisfactory for plaque formation. A latent period of 35 min was terminated in cell lysis and release of about 175 …

Arctic Health Research Center, U.S. Public Health Service, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A program of research in Alaska was initiated by the United States Public Health Service in 1948, with the establishment of a field station in temporary facilities located at Anchorage. This station, officially designated the Arctic Health Research Center in May 1950, was founded largely as the result of surveys of health conditions in Alaska conducted during 1946 and 1947 by two committees representing the American Medical Association. The reports of these committees led Congress to pass a special appropriation bill to support the investigation of health problems in Alaska.

Six research sections were set up within the first year. …

Use Of Farm Resources As Conditioned By Tenure Arrangements, Virgil L. Hurlburt

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

How do tenure arrangements affect organization and use of resources within farm firms? Do lease terms and arrangements affect quantities and kinds of inputs? Does the tenant and the landlord each receive full earnings of the resources he contributes to the farm business? Which of the strictly tenure-oriented characteristics of farms, as contrasted with the general economic problems of all farms, help to explain differences between and within owner-operated, cropshare cash tenant-operated and livestock-share tenant-operated farms? These are the major questions to which answers were sought in the research reported here.

Nebraska Bird Review (April 1964) 32(2), Whole Issue.

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

Notes on Dr. Solon R. Towne and Early, Bird Study in Omaha and Nebraska .............................................................. 18

Harry C. Oberholzer .............................................................................. 28

Francis Lee Jaques ................................................................................ 29

Robert J. Niedrach .................................................................................. 30

1963 Christmas Bird Count in Nebraska .......................................... 33

General Notes .......................................................................................... 36

Treasurer's Report-1963 ...................................................................... 39

Letters to the Editor .............................................................................. 40

Depletion Of Subsoil Moisture By Apple Trees And Other Woody Species, C. C. Wiggans

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This project began in 1934 and ended in 1955. The work of Kiesselbach, Russel and Anderson indicated that depleted subsoil moisture might be the reason for the loss of many orchards and the injurious effects noted on native woody forest species. Most of the work in apple orchards was done at the University Fruit Farm at Union, Nebraska. Samples were also secured from commercial plantings of apples and other woody species in areas ranging from Rulo, near the Kansas-Nebraska border, to Florence, just north of Omaha, to Lincoln and several points in central Nebraska.

Using Fertilizer Nitrogen Effectively On Grain Crops, Robert A. Olson, A. F. Dreier, C. Thompson, K. Frank, Phillip H. Grabouski

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Fertilizer nitrogen is necessary for the efficient production of grain crops throughout the midwest. Farmers have recognized this need by tremendous increases in nitrogen consumption duhng the past decade.

Fertilizer nitrogen where needed for optimum yield usually increases slightly the total water used by the crop. The water required in making this optimum yield, however, is used a good deal more efficiently than where nitrogen is omitted. Nebraska studies on fertilizer economy have demonstrated nitrate leaching losses in some cases, especially serious on sandy soils of low water holding capacity and with irrigation. Strong circumstantial evidence also suggests denitrification of …

Water Levels In Observation Wells In Nebraska, 1963, Philip A. Emery, Mildred M. Malhoit

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Bait Mixing Equipment Used In Vertebrate Pest Control, Percy F. Wright

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

I would like to discuss with you the reason why agricultural commissioners are in the poison bait business. The following are excerpts from the Agricultural Code of the State of California. Section 100 describes a pest as follows: "Pest means any of the following that is, or is liable to be dangerous or detrimental to the agricultural industry of this State" and for the purpose of this talk only part two of this section is cited which states, "any form of animal life." This is the part which covers vertebrate pests. Section 102 states, "Each commissioner is an enforcing officer …

Forest Animal Damage Control, Nelson B. Kverno

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

As a nation we have gained world recognition for our ability to utilize our resources. In forestry our greatest accomplishments have been in the mechanization of harvest methods and in improvements in forest products. The renewal of this resource has been our greatest neglect. Though the end of the 19th Century marked the beginning of the conservation movement, it was not until a half century later that the force of economics through the demands of a growing population made forest re-establishment more than just a desire. Conservation in itself is a Utopian concept which requires other motivating forces to make …

Rabbit Control, Warren V. Johnson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

Common California rabbits comprise two major genera. One, the genus Sylvilagus, or true rabbit, is represented by the cottontail and brush rabbits. The second of the two major genera is the genus Lepus, or hares. These are erroneously called the jack rabbits and snow shoe rabbits. The common jack rabbit, Lepus californicus, is the most familiar one throughout California and portions of some of the other western states. Because of their size and abundance, they are by far the most destructive - so emphasis will be placed on this species throughout the balance of this report. The diet of the …

Animal Control In New Zealand, Walter E. Howard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

New Zealand has a multiplicity of challenging animal-control problems, and all of them concern animals which man has intentionally introduced either for sport, food or fur. Since the beginning of European settlement in the 19th Century, approximately 53 species of mammals and 125 species of birds have been deliberately or accidentally introduced into New Zealand, and 34 birds and 31 mammals have become established (Wodzicki, 1950). The principal reasons the exotic big game animals (Riney, 1955), fur bearers and feral domestic livestock have been so destructive to certain habitats in New Zealand are because 1) some of the soils are …

Closing Remarks: Second Vertebrate Pest Control Conference, Maynard W. Cummings

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The Second Vertebrate Pest Control Conference is concluded. We hope it has been, in some measure, educational and worthwhile to each one of you. Many of you who are here attended the first conference, which was held in Sacramento two years ago. The obvious spirit displayed at that meeting, a genuine intense interest in absorbing new knowledge presented by the speakers, the warmth of making and renewing acquaintances among fellow workers and the enjoyment of the truly rare opportunity to exchange information in this special field, vertebrate pest control, has, I feel, been reenacted here. For these reasons this second …

The Evolution Of Plague Control In California, Keith F. Murray

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

Bubonic plague no longer is regarded as the dreaded black death of the middle ages. The last great plague pandemic has come to an end. In California, human cases have averaged no more than one every two years for several decades. With modern antibiotics properly administered, recovery is assured. At the same time, there is no doubt that plague is firmly entrenched in the rodent fauna and we should not be lulled even by years of quiescence into assuming that massive epizootics will not break out in the future. There is the un-measurable risk of a quick pneumonic outbreak with …

Highlights Of Bird Control Research In England, France, Holland, And Germany, John L. Seubert

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The purpose of this paper is to present a brief review of the research being conducted in England, France, Germany, and The Netherlands on problems caused by nuisance and depredating birds. Much of the information presented has been obtained through correspondence with collaborators. In the fall of 1962, I discussed depredating bird and bird-airport problems with research workers in these countries, and also attended the meeting of the International Union of Applied Ornithology held in Frankfurt/Main. In November 1963, I attended an international symposium about the bird-airport problem, held in Nice, France. This paper will draw attention to the current …

Antifertility Agents In Vertebrate Pest Control, Donald S. Balser

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

There is an increasing need for new means of population control from the simplest organisms up to the larger mammalian species (include man if you wish.) A number of interesting and promising leads, such as environmental manipulation, introduction of predators, diseases, parasites, etc., and particularly antifertility agents, have been proposed for some time, but research into the latter approach in mammal control is quite recent and limited. The use of toxic agents has long been the principal method of vertebrate population con¬trol, but the potential for the use of antiferti1ity agents to suppress reproduction may provide an important advancement. I …

Starlings In California, Charles C. Siebe

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

In 1959 Dr. Walter E. Howard, in an article printed in the Bulletin of the California Department of Agriculture, stated: "Even though the starling may be unwanted in California, it is now here and there is little chance of extirpating it". This statement is as true today as it was five years ago. At present we have in California a resident population that is increasing each year and will most probably continue to increase. Nesting starlings have been found from Imperial and San Diego Counties in the south to Modoc County in the north. To-date damage has been confined primarily …

The Control Of Vertebrate Problem Animals In The Province Of The Cape Of Good Hope, Republic Of South Africa, Douglas Hey

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The policy of the Cape Provincial Department of Nature Conservation is based on the concept of "wise management" of wildlife resources. Where crop damage is real, control measures are essential. These, however, must be adapted to the species concerned and applied only where the damage is taking place. Blanket measures which also kill many useful species must be avoided. For this reason, the control of problem animals should be vested in the agency concerned with wildlife conservation.

Pest Control Methods And People, John E. Swift

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

Frankly I am not sure what "Pest Control Methods and People" really means. When I asked what I should cover, I was told to give a general discussion on pesticides. I am not sure this is appropriate even though the laws and regulations that pertain to other pesticides apply equally to those materials used in vertebrate pest control; the conditions of use, the types of chemicals used, their effect upon various animal species, and the number of chemicals available are so different from the pesticides used in controlling invertebrate pests that generalizations may not cover the topic. There are, however, …

Methods Of Controlling Blackbird Damage To Field Corn In South Dakota, John W. De Grazio

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

One of the most widespread bird problems in the Western United States is damage to ripening cereal grain crops. Crops such as corn, rice, and sorghum, when grown close to favored roosting areas are often subject to serious damage from large flocks of feeding blackbirds. The redwinged blackbird is the most numerous species and causes most of the damage, but other blackbird species, including the yellow-headed blackbird, the common grackle, the brown-headed cowbird, and Brewer's blackbird, also contribute to damage problems. The Denver Wildlife Research Center is actively investigating methods to combat blackbird depredations to field corn in the vicinity …

Bats: Their Public Health Importance And Control With Special Reference To Trinidad, Arthur M. Greenhall

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

This brief review of the public health importance and control of bats is oriented to Trinidad, where, during the past ten years I investigated their zoomedical importance (1). Trinidad is noted for Pawan's classic epidemiological studies of bat rabies (2,3) as well as its bat control program with which I have been associated since its inception in 1934 (4). Further, Trinidad has bat problems, in addition to rabies, which occur in other countries of the world. Although various methods of bat control have been developed in Trinidad, the field is virtually unexplored. Increasingly, bat control is a matter of paramount …

Sound In Vertebrate Pest Control, Hubert Frings

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The best known vertebrate pests, as the papers presented at this meeting show, are birds and mammals. Other vertebrates, however, may become pests also: sharks, lampreys, toads (they fall into swimming pools), geckos, tortoises and snakes, for example. Without considering them, however, the depredations by birds and mammals alone are so varied that no single method of pest control can ever be all-embracing. Certainly, no one would suggest that acoustical methods would be, but, with further study, acoustical pest control should be much more widely used. I hope to point out here the possibilities and a few realities in bio-acoustics …