Digital Commons Network^™

Evaluation Of Foliar Insecticide Application Timing For The Control Of Western Bean Cutworm In Field Corn, 2018, Katharine A. Swoboda-Bhattarai, Samantha R. Daniel, Julie A. Peterson

West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte

The objective of this field trial was to determine if application timing affects the efficacy of single applications of foliar insecticides at preventing feeding damage by the western bean cutworm (WBC), an important pest of corn and dry beans in the North American Corn Belt. This study was located at the University of Nebraska- Lincoln’s Henry J. Stumpf International Wheat Center in Perkins County, NE (40.856851°N, −101.701335°W). The experimental design used was an RCB design with a total of 10 treatments (three insecticides applied at three application timings, plus an untreated check) and four replications; the treatment design was an …

Phonon Order And Reststrahlen Bands Of Polar Vibrations In Crystals With Monoclinic Symmetry, Mathias Schubert, Alyssa Mock, Rafal Korlacki, Vanya Darakchieva

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

In this Rapid Communication, we present the order of the phonon modes and the appearance of the reststrahlen bands for monoclinic symmetry materials with polar lattice vibrations. Phonon modes occur in associated pairs of transverse and longitudinal optical modes, and pairs either belong to inner or outer phonon modes. Inner modes are nested within outer modes. Outer modes cause polarization-dependent reststrahlen bands. Inner modes cause polarization-independent reststrahlen bands. The directional limiting frequencies within the Born-Huang approach are bound to within outer mode frequency regions not occupied by inner mode pairs. Hence, an unusual phonon mode order can occur where both …

Lattice Dynamics Of Orthorhombic Ndgao3, Alyssa Mock, Rafal Korlacki, Sean Knight, Megan Stokey, Alex Fritz, Vanya Darakchieva, Mathias Schubert

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A complete set of infrared-active and Raman-active lattice modes is obtained from density functional theory calculations for single-crystalline centrosymmetric orthorhombic neodymium gallate. The results for infrared-active modes are compared with an analysis of the anisotropic long-wavelength properties using generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry. The frequency-dependent dielectric function tensor and dielectric loss function tensor of orthorhombic neodymium gallium oxide are reported in the spectral range of 80–1200 cm⁻¹. A combined eigendielectric displacement vector summation and dielectric displacement loss vector summation approach augmented by considerations of lattice anharmonicity is utilized to describe the experimentally determined tensor elements. All infrared-active transverse and longitudinal …

Mechanistic Understanding Of The Interactions Of Cationic Conjugated Oligo- And Polyelectrolytes With Wild-Type And Ampicillin-Resistant Escherichia Coli, Ehsan Zamani, Shyambo Chatterjee, Taity Changa, Cheryl M. Immethun, Anandakumar Sarella, Rajib Saha, Shudipto Konika Dishari

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

An in-depth understanding of cell-drug binding modes and action mechanisms can potentially guide the future design of novel drugs and antimicrobial materials and help to combat antibiotic resistance. Light-harvesting π-conjugated molecules have been demonstrated for their antimicrobial effects, but their impact on bacterial outer cell envelope needs to be studied in detail. Here, we synthesized poly(phenylene) based model cationic conjugated oligo- (2QA-CCOE, 4QA-CCOE) and polyelectrolytes (CCPE), and systematically explored their interactions with the outer cell membrane of wild-type and ampicillin (amp)-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli). Incubation of the E. coli cells in CCOE/CCPE solution inhibited the subsequent …

Fabrication Of Highly Homogeneous And Controllable Nanogratings On Silicon Via Chemical Etching-Assisted Femtosecond Laser Modification, Ji Huang, Lan Jiang, Xiaowei Li, Andong Wang, Zhi Wang, Qingsong Wang, Jie Hu, Liangti Qu, Tianhong Cui, Yongfeng Lu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Femtosecond laser direct writing is widely exploited in surface periodic structures processing. However, this technique still faces challenges in obtaining high surface homogeneity and flexible morphology controllability. In this study, a flexible and efficient approach has been proposed to fabricate highly homogeneous and controllable nanogratings on silicon via chemical etching-assisted femtosecond laser modification. By precisely manipulating the laser-material interaction process, alternating amorphous-crystalline nanofringes are generated when employing femtosecond laser scanning over a Si sample, with almost no material removal. Following auxiliary chemical etching, highly homogeneous nanograting structures are obtained, and the morphology of the nanogratings can be flexibly managed through …

Effect Of Titanium And Zirconium Carbide Interphases On The Thermal Conductivity And Interfacial Heat Transfers In Copper/ Diamond Composite Materials, Clio Azina, Inaki Cornu, Jean-Francois Silvain, Yongfeng Lu, Jean-Luc Battaglia

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Thermal properties of metal matrix composite materials are becoming ever more relevant with the increasing demand for thermally efficient materials. In this work, the thermal conductivity and heat transfers at the interfaces of copper matrix composite materials reinforced with diamond particles (Cu/D) are discussed. The composite materials contain either ZrC or TiC interphases and exhibit, respectively, higher and lower thermal conductivities with respect to their pure Cu/D counterparts. These thermal conductivities are accounted to the presence of strong covalent bonds and increased relative densities. The role of these interphases is also discussed regarding the phonon transmission at the interfaces.

Reintegrating Biology Through The Nexus Of Information And Energy, Kim L. Hoke, Sara L. Zimmer, Mary Jo Ondrechen, Amedee Des Georges, Adam B. Roddy, Nicole R. Buan, Craig E. Williamson

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Recent rapid advances in biology have led to diversification and sub-specialization of many fields, as well as a corresponding explosion of new findings. Advances in tools ranging from genomic techniques and high-resolution imaging to automated ecosystem- and biosphere-level sensors, along with correspondingly advanced analytics, have led to critical new insights that are transforming our understanding of biological systems. One of the consequences of these rapid advances has been accelerated splintering of biology into sub-disciplines with highly focused questions, vocabulary, and techniques. This splintering creates barriers to synergy across fields of biology and hinders the insights that could be gained at …

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, And Nuclear Operations, United States Army

United States Army: Field Manuals

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Operations, United States Army Field Manual FM 3-11

Water For A Hungry World: Innovation In Water And Food Security: Proceedings Of The 2019 Water For Food Global Conference. Lincoln., Daugherty Water For Food Global Institute

Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute: Administrative Materials

Welcome and Opening Remarks : Mike Boehm, Vice President and Vice Chancellor of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska ; Peter G. McCornick, Executive Director, Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute at the University of Nebraska

How the Irrigation Industry is Driving the Future through Efficient Technologies. Speaker: Deborah Hamlin, CEO, Irrigation Association

Sustainable Solutions for Water and Food Security — Business Perspectives. Speaker: Mark Edge, Director of Collaborations for Developing Countries, Bayer

Value of Water. Speakers: Dustin Garrick, Associate Professor and Co-Director of the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment at the University of Oxford ; …

Nebraska Water Center Annual Report 2017-2018, The Nebraska Water Center

Nebraska Water Center: Administrative Materials

Contents

Introduction: Foreword • Director’s Letter by Chittaranjan Ray • Nebraska Water Center Overview and Timeline • Nebraska’s Top 10 Water Challenges

Research: Water Sciences Laboratory Overview • Nebraska Vadose Zone Program • Novel Nitrate Leaching Reduction • Ogallala Water Coordinated Agriculture Project (OWCAP) • Nebraska Water Productivity Report • USDA-NIFA Water End-User Grant • U.S. Geological Survey 104b Projects

Extension & Outreach: Bazile Groundwater Management Area • Platte River Basin Ecosystem Symposium • Testing Ag Performance Solutions (TAPS) • 2018 National Institutes for Water Resources Regional Symposium • Water Quality + Citizen Science • Nebraska Water and Natural Resources …

Integrated Pest Management Manual For Greenhouses, Evy Z. Santiago

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

The original definition of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) was introduced by Stern et al. in 1959 as Integrated Control. It was defined as applied pest control which combines and integrates biological and chemical control (Stern et al. 1959). Entomologists began exploring insect management alternatives to reduce reliance on insecticides in the 1950’s after resistance and pest resurgence in agriculture was first noted. Today, the European Union follows a definition of IPM largely inspired from the definition given by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (Barzman et al. 2015). Integrated Pest Management means the careful consideration of …

Furthering Entomological Outreach And Education For High School Aged Students With Madagascar Hissing Cockroaches, Robert G. Lefevre

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

This project was designed and conducted as an entomological educational outreach program for high school students. I was given access to an environmental science class at Kaiserslautern High School (KHS) under the guidance and supervision of a licensed teacher. Environmental Science is an elective class that fulfills the course requirement at the school for a science course with a laboratory component. I was given three groups of students, and I taught four classes to each of these groups. Each class had students in their freshman, sophomore, and junior years. During these class periods, I composed a food preference experiment that …

Disease Management And Estimated Effects On Don (Deoxynivalenol) Contamination In Fusarium Infested Barley, Gregory Mckee, Christina Cowger, Ruth Dill-Macky, Andrew Friskop, Pravin Gautam, Joel Ransom, William Wilson

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

Fusarium head blight (FHB or scab) economically devastates barley production. FHB is predominantly caused by Fusarium graminearum and has resulted in major reductions in the quality of barley in the United States. The most common source of economic loss is through development of potent mycotoxins in the grain, the most prominent of which, in the United States, is deoxynivalenol (DON). DON levels can be managed through a variety of techniques. This study presents the estimate of the statistical relationship among DON contamination in barley, FHB incidence and severity, and a variety of disease management techniques. Data from 22 field studies …

Wildlife Viewing: The Impact Of Money-Back Guarantees, Takahiro Kubo, Taro Mieno, Koichi Kuriyama

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

Wildlife sightings are not always guaranteed. To address this risk, tour operators often offer a money-back guarantee as a refund mechanism. However, studies have overlooked the influences of such refund mechanisms on tourists' tour participation decisions and tourism revenue. We conducted choice experiments to examine the impact of such mechanisms using a case of Amami rabbit tourism in Japan. We found that the guarantee significantly influences the tourists’ decision-making and tour revenue. In particular, we found that the expected tourist participation rate and tour guide revenue vary drastically depending on the probability of the rabbit encounter. The maximum expected revenue …

Density Of Σ70 Promoter-Like Sites In The Intergenic Regions Dictates The Redistribution Of Rna Polymerase During Osmotic Stress In Escherichia Coli, Zhe Sun, Cedric Cagliero, Jerome Izard, Yixiong Chen, Yan Ning Zhou, William F. Heinz, Thomas D. Schneider, Ding Jun Jin

United States Public Health Resources

RNA polymerase (RNAP), the transcription machinery, shows dynamic binding across the genomic DNA under different growth conditions. The genomic features that selectively redistribute the limited RNAP molecules to dictate genome-wide transcription in response to environmental cues remain largely unknown. We chose the bacterial osmotic stress response model to determine genomic features that direct genome-wide redistribution of RNAP during the stress. Genomic mapping of RNAP and transcriptome profiles corresponding to the different temporal states after salt shock were determined.We found rapid redistribution of RNAP across the genome, primarily at σ70 promoters. Three subsets of genes exhibiting differential salt sensitivities were identified. …

Partners In Crime: Fledgling Tumors Hijack Inflammation, Balamurugan Kuppusamy, Howard A. Young

United States Public Health Resources

While inflammation is a normal physiological response after tissue injury, the chemicals/mediators that are released by the damaged tissue can be toxic to the cells. This underlying inflammation increases the likelihood of cellular DNA damage and aberrant cell growth (Kiraly and others 2015). In this scenario, inflammation functions as a ‘‘behind-curtain factor’’ for many disorders. Cancer has long been known to be closely tethered to inflammation. Widespread evidence shows that inflammatory diseases such as colitis, pancreatitis, and hepatitis make their respective organs highly susceptible to eventual cancer development (Shalapour and Karin 2015). However, other studies have shown that in due …

Nhlbi Research And Training Highlights From The Jackson Heart Study

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

This brochure highlights NHLBI research and training efforts through the Jackson Heart Study and features three Jackson Heart Study scholar experiences.

Celebrating 25 Years Of Research To Promote Healthy Sleep

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

A poster showcasing the research legacy and timeline of the NHLBI's National Center on Sleep Disorders Research.

Nhlbi Research And Training

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

This brochure highlights NHLBI research and training efforts focused on improving Native American health, including information about ongoing studies.

Advancing Women's Heart Health Fact Sheet

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

This fact sheet highlights the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s long history of including women in cardiovascular studies.

Advancing Heart, Lung, Blood, And Sleep Research (January 2019)

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

Advancing Heart, Lung, Blood, and Sleep Research is an 8-page brochure that highlights major NHLBI programs, partnership activities, and other topics.

Intermediate Cell States In Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition, Yutong Sha, Daniel Haensel, Guadalupe Gutierrez, Huijing Du, Xing Dai, Qing Nie

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

The transition of epithelial cells into a mesenchymal state (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT) is a highly dynamic process implicated in various biological processes. During EMT, cells do not necessarily exist in ‘pure’ epithelial or mesenchymal states. There are cells with mixed (or hybrid) features of the two, which are termed as the intermediate cell states (ICSs). While the exact functions of ICS remain elusive, together with EMT it appears to play important roles in embryogenesis, tissue development, and pathological processes such as cancer metastasis. Recent single cell experiments and advanced mathematical modeling have improved our capability in identifying ICS and …

Comparison Of Different Functions To Describe Growth From Weaning To Maturity In Crossbred Beef Cattle, Madeline J. Zimmermann, Larry A. Kuehn, Matthew L. Spangler, R. Mark Thallman, Warren M. Snelling, Ronald M. Lewis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Cow mature weight (MWT) has increased in the past 30 yr. Larger cows cost more to maintain, but their efficiency—and thus profitability— depends on the production environment. Incorporating MWT effectively into selection and mating decisions requires understanding of growth to maturity. The objective of this study was to describe growth to maturity in crossbred beef cattle using Brody, spline, and quadratic functions. Parameter estimates utilized data on crossbred cows from cycle VII and continuous sampling phases of the Germplasm Evaluation Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center. The MWT were estimated at 6 yr from the fitted parameters obtained …

The Validity Of The Emg And Mmg Techniques To Examine Muscle Hypertrophy, Ethan C. Hill, Terry J. Housh, Josh L. Keller, Cory M. Smith, Richard Schmidt, Glen O. Johnson

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the ability of the electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) amplitude versus torque relationships to track group and individual changes in muscle hypertrophy as a result of resistance training.

Approach: Twelve women performed four weeks of forearm flexion blood flow restriction (BFR) resistance training at a frequency of three times per week. The training was performed at an isokinetic velocity of 120°∙s⁻¹ with a training load that corresponded to 30% of concentric peak torque. Muscle hypertrophy was determined using ultrasound-based assessments of muscle cross-sectional area from the biceps …

Urolithin A, A Gut Metabolite, Improves Insulin Sensitivity Through Augmentation Of Mitochondrial Function And Biogenesis, Ashley Mulcahy Toney, Rong Fan, Yibo Xian, Virginia Chaidez, Amanda E. Ramer-Tait, Soonkyu Chung

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Objective: Urolithin A (UroA) is a major metabolite of ellagic acid produced following microbial catabolism in the gut. Emerging evidence has suggested that UroA modulates energy metabolism in various cells. However, UroA’s physiological functions related to obesity and insulin resistance remain unclear. Methods: Male mice were intraperitoneally administrated either UroA or dimethyl sulfoxide (vehicle) along with a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated via glucose and insulin tolerance tests and acute insulin signaling. The effects of UroA on hepatic triglyceride accumulation, adipocyte size, mitochondrial DNA content, and proinflammatory gene expressions were determined. The impact of UroA on …

Milk-Derived Exosomes And Metabolic Regulation, Janos Zempleni, Sonal Sukreet, Fang Zhou, Di Wu, Ezra Mutai

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Exosomes are natural nanoparticles that play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Communication is achieved through the transfer of cargos, such as microRNAs, from donor to recipient cells and binding of exosomes to cell surface receptors. Exosomes and their cargos are also obtained from dietary sources, such as milk. Exosome and cell glycoproteins are crucial for intestinal uptake. A large fraction of milk exosomes accumulates in the brain, whereas the tissue distribution of microRNA cargos varies among distinct species of microRNA. The fraction of milk exosomes that escapes absorption elicits changes in microbial communities in the gut. Dietary depletion of …

Review Of Soil Salinity Assessment For Agriculture Across Multiple Scales Using Proximal And/Or Remote Sensors, Dennis Corwin, E. Scudiero

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Mapping and monitoring soil spatial variability is particularly problematic for temporally and spatially dynamic properties such as soil salinity. The tools necessary to address this classic problem only reached maturity within the past 2 decades to enable field- to regional-scale salinity assessment of the root zone, including GPS, GIS, geophysical techniques involving proximal and remote sensors, and a greater understanding of apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) and multi- and hyperspectral imagery. The concurrent development and application of these tools have made it possible to map soil salinity across multiple scales, which back in the 1980s was prohibitively expensive and impractical …

Unmanned Aerial System And Satellite-Based High Resolution Imagery For High-Throughput Phenotyping In Dry Bean, Sindhu Sankaran, Juan José Quirós, Phillip N. Miklas

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Dry bean breeding programs are crucial to improve the productivity and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Phenotyping is a key process in breeding that refers to crop trait evaluation. In recent years, high-throughput plant phenotyping methods are being developed to increase the accuracy and efficiency for crop trait evaluations. In this study, aerial imagery at different resolutions were evaluated to phenotype crop performance and phenological traits using genotypes from two breeding panels, Durango Diversity Panel (DDP) and Andean Diversity Panel (ADP). The unmanned aerial system (UAS) based multispectral and thermal data were collected for two seasons at multiple time …

Divergent Antigen-Specific Cellular Immune Responses During Asymptomatic Subclinical And Clinical States Of Disease In Cows Naturally Infected With Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis, Judith R. Stabel, J. P. Bannantine

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Infection of the host with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis results in chronic and progressive enteritis that traverses both subclinical and clinical stages. The mechanism(s) for the shift from an asymptomatic subclinical disease state to advanced clinical disease is not fully understood. In the present study, naturally infected dairy cattle were divided into subclinical and clinical infection groups, along with noninfected control cows of similar parity, to study host immune responses in different stages of infection. Both infection groups had higher levels of secretion of gamma interferon (IFN-􏰇), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-􏰈), and interleukin-2 (IL-2) than control cows, whereas only clinical …

Engaging Preservice Secondary Science Teachers In An Ngss-Based Energy Lesson: A Nanoscience Context, Deepika Menon, Mary Sajini Devadas

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

The new approach to teaching science presented by the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) warrants training high-quality science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teachers to prepare the future STEM workforce. We share the implementation of an energy lesson using a nanoscience approach, well-aligned with the NGSS vision, in a secondary- STEM-education course for preservice science teachers. First, we engaged preservice teachers in discussions related to alternate sources of energy; this was followed by a case-study approach to illustrate a real-world problem of energy deficiency and solar energy (solar cells using nanoparticles) as one potential solution because it is cost-efficient, clean, …