Digital Commons Network^™

Nebraska Summary: S023 Case-Ih 885, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S091 S.A.M.E Explorer 70dt, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Recovery Of Parasite Remains From Coprolites And Latrines: Aspects Of Paleoparasitological Technique, Karl J. Reinhard, Ulisses E. Confalonieri, Bernd Herrmann, Luiz F. Ferreira, Adauto J. G. De Araujo

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Standard techniques for the analysis of prehistoric soils have not been devised. It is unlikely that any single technique is applicable to all types of fecal remains. This is due to various environmental conditions which effect the preservation of helminth ova. In general, gravitational sedimentation is a useful technique for isolating helminth eggs and larvae from coprolites. Latrine soils pose greater problems for helminthological examination. Although various clinical techniques have been successfully utilized in soil study, it is important to remember that some latrine soils have not yielded helminth eggs to any clinical technique. Consequently the paleoparasitologist must be ready …

Another Style Of Competence: The Caregiving Child, Carolyn P. Edwards

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This chapter discusses child and sibling caregiving as an opportunity for the learning of nurturance and responsibility. The argument is based on case examples from ethnographic material, that children in multiage dyads or groupings negotiate constantly with one another and thereby reveal their reasoning about rational and conventional moral rules. The observational material is drawn from the work of Carol R. Ember (1970, 1973) who studied children in a Luo community of about 250 people in the South Nyanza district of Kenya. This community, referred to as Oyugis (actually the name of the market town 2.5 miles away, is one …

Runoff And Erosion As Affected By Corn Residue: Prt Ii: Rill And Interill Components, John E. Gilley, S. C. Finkner, R. G. Spomer, L. N. Mielke

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Hydraulic and soil loss variables were measured under simulated rainfall conditions at selected downslope distances on plots with corn residue rates ranging from 0.0 to 6.7 t/ha. Application of corn residue produced substantial reductions in runoff rate, runoff velocity, sediment concentration and soil loss rate along the entire slope length. On those plots subject to rilling, runoff rate, sediment concentration and soil loss rate usually increased with downslope distance.

Rill and interrill sediment concentration and soil loss rate were also measured at selected slope lengths. lnterrill sediment concentration changed little with downslope distance while greater interrill soil loss rates were …

Improving Federal Response To Drought, Donald A. Wilhite, Norman J. Rosenberg, Michael H. Glantz

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Severe and widespread drought occurred over a large portion of the United States between 1974 and 1977. Impacts on agriculture and other industries, as well as local water supplies, were substantial. The federal government responded with forty assistance programs administered by sixteen federal agencies. Assistance was provided primarily in the form of loans and grants to people, businesses and governments experiencing hardship caused by drought. The total cost of the program is estimated at $7-8 billion.

Federal response to the mid-1970s drought was largely untimely, ineffective and poorly coordinated. Four recommendations are offered that, if implemented, would improve future drought …

Genetics Of The Screwworm Fly, David B. Taylor, Estela Martinez Cuevas

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Three spontaneous eye mutants of Cochliomyia hominivorax, the screwworm fly, are described and characterized. The mutants, yellow eye (ye), orange eye (or), and white eye (wh), segregate independently and are recessive. Yellow eye is recessively epistatlc to orange eye and dominantly epistatic to white eye. All three mutants have complete penetrance, are autosomal, and have little effect on fly viabillty under laboratory conditions.

Influence Of Lignin On Digestibility Of Forage Cell Wall Material, H. G. Jung, Kenneth P. Vogel

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

One-hundred-ninety-four grass samples, representing eight species, were used to determine the relationships of in vitro forage dry matter, cell wall, hemicellulose and cellulose digestibilities with lignin concentration. Linear regressions indicated that dry matter digestion was inhibited to a lesser degree (P<.05) by lignin concentration than was cell wall digestion. Results for linear regressions of hemicellulose and cellulose digestibilities as functions of lignin concentration showed a greater (P<.05) effect of lignin on cellulose digestion. Smooth bromegrass and switchgrass were collected at both Clay Center and Mead, NE; for all digestibility measures, the Clay Center samples gave stronger (P<.05) negative correlations with lignin. A comparison of linear and curvilinear models indicated that, for all digestion measurements, the curvilinear model was a better (P<.05) description of relationships with lignin concentration. For all digestibility measures, lignin's inhibiting effect declined at higher lignin concentrations. The curvilinear models did not show significant differences among the digestibility measures for effect of lignin. The demonstration that the forage digestibility response to lignin's inhibitory effect is curvilinear in nature suggests that the mechanism of hgnin's inhibition is complex.

Location Of Habitat Important To Federally Listed Bird Species On The Missouri National Recreational River, Kent Kennlyne, Jim Ruwaldt, Frank Howe, Steve Riley, David Gilbraith

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District

Literature reviews, field observations, and personal contacts were used to identify areas important to inter lor least terns (Sterna antillarum athalassos), piping plovers (Charadrius melodus), and bald eagles (Aaliaeetus leucocephalus) on the 58-mlle-long Mlssouri National Recreational Rlver. Areas were prioritized according to suitability of habitat and recorded use by these species. Thirty-nlne miles were classified as Priority I least tern and piping plover nesting habitat; three miles were classified as Priority II and 16 miles as Priority III habitat. Bald eagle habitat was considered separately on both sides of the river (116 miles total), …

Formation Of Influenza Virus Particles Lacking Hemagglutinin On The Viral Envelope, Asit K. Pattnaik, Donald J. Brown, Debi P. Nayak

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

We investigated the intraceUular block in the transport of hemagglutinin (HA) and the role of HA in virus particle formation by using temperature-sensitive (Is) mutants (1s134 and 1s61S) of inOuenza virus AlWSN/33. We found that at the nonpermissive temperature (39.5°C), the exit of ts HA from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex was blocked and that no additional block was apparent in either the exit from the Golgi complex or post-Golgi complex transport. When MDBK ceUs were infected with these mutant viruses, they produced noninfectious virus particles at 39.5°C. The efficiency of particle formation at 39.5°C was essentiaUy …

Effect Of Active Immunization Against Lhrh Or Lh In Boars: Reproductive Consequences And Performance Traits, R. E. Falvo, V. Chandrashekar, R. D. Arthur, A. R. Kuenstler, T. Hasson, C. Awcniyi, B. D. Schanbacher

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Forty crossbred boars were equally divided into eight groups at birth. Four groups were immunized (200 μg/boar) at 12 wk of age against either luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) conjugated to human serum globulin (LHRH-hSG) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), LHRH-hSG in muramyldipeptide adjuvant (PEP), procine luteinizing hormone (LH) conjugated to hSG (pLH-hSG) in CFA or ovine LH (oLH) in CFA. Equal doses of boosters were given in either PEP or incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) at 16 and 18 wk of age. Two groups of boars were immunized with either hSG + CFA or hSG + PEP (adjuvant controls). Two groups …

Growth And Magnesium Uptake Of Tall Fescue Lines At High And Low Potassium Levels, J. H. Edwards, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Five tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) clonal lines with diverse root and xylem diameters were grown in nutrient solutions with magnesium (Mg) concentrations of 42, 125 and 250 µm and potassium K concentrations of 133 and 333 µm. Leaf Mg concentrations increased with increasing Mg rates at both low and high K concentrations. The tall fescue line with the largest root and xylem diameters had low leaf Mg concentrations, indicating a possible increased Mg tetany potential when consumed by cattle. The response of the K/(Mg+Ca) ratio in the plant, an indicator of tetany potential, to varying solution Mg at low …

Sediment And Dye Concentration Effects On Fluorescence, S. C. Finkner, John E. Gilley

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Because of the relatively large sediment concentrations sometimes found on upland regions, adsorption of fluorescent dye onto sediment may be of concern. A laboratory study was conducted to identify the effects of sediment and dye concentration on adsorption. Sediment and dye concentration were both found to significantly affect adsorptive dye loss of rhodamine WT and sulpho rhodamine B.
Regression equations were developed which related dye adsorption to sediment and dye concentration. For a particular soil and dye material, regression equations may be used to correct for adsorptive dye loss. Sulpho rhodamine B is recommended as the dye of choice for …

Runoff And Erosion As Affected By Corn Residue: Part I. Total Losses, John E. Gilley, S. C. Finkner, R. G. Spomer, L. N. Mielke

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

The effects of verying rates of corn residue on runoff and erosion from a loess soil in southwestern Iowa were measured using a rainfall simulator. Consistent reductions in runoff, sediment concentration and soil loss resulted from increased residue application. Small amounts of surface cover produced substantial reductions in erosion. A regression equation relating surface cover to residue weight was obtained. Equations describing relative runoff, sediment concentration and soil loss as a function of surface cover were also developed using regression analysis.

Estimating Residue Cover, Elbert C. Dickey, Paul J. Jasa, David P. Shelton

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Crop residue management through conservation tillage is one of the best and most efficient methods farmers have to control soil erosion. Each year about 140 million tons of topsoil are eroded from Nebraska farmlands. Recent research shows that farmers can greatly reduce this loss by maintaining a residue cover of at least 20 to 30 percent after all tillage and planting operations. Leaving this amount of residue can reduce water caused erosion by 50 percent of what it would be from a cleanly tilled field, while leaving more residue will reduce soil losses even further. Conservation tillage and residue management …

Soil Erosion From Tillage And Planting Systems Used In Soybean Residue: Part I - Influences Of Row Spacing, David P. Shelton, Paul J. Jasa, Elbert C. Dickey

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

A rainfall simulator was used to compare soil losses from various tillage and planting systems used in residue from soybeans which had been grown in both wide and narrow spaced rows the previous season. Up and- down hill tillage and planting treatments ranging from a double disk system to no-till planting were evaluated using replicated plots on a silt loam soil in the Nora Series having a 10% slope.

Tillage and planting systems used in soybean residue from narrow spaced rows had soil erosion and soil erosion rates that were reduced by approximately 50% compared to the same systems used …

Soil Erosion From Tillage And Planting Systems Used In Soybean Residue: Part Ii - Influences Of Row Direction, Paul J. Jasa, Elbert C. Dickey, David P. Shelton

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

A rainfall simulator was used to compare soil losses from tillage and planting systems used in residue from soybeans. The study was conducted on a silty clay loam soil in the Wymore Series with a 5% slope and on a silt loam soil in the Nora Series with a 10% slope. Tillage and planting treatments, ranging from a moldboard plow system to no-till planting, were evaluated both up and- down hill and on the contour using replicated plots.

For the first rainfall event after tillage and planting, the average soil loss for all systems on the contour was 3.0 t/ha …

Evolution And Reproductive Biology Of Inflorescences In Lithocarpus, Castanopsis, Castanea, And Quercus (Fagaceae), Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Of Lithocarpus, Castanopsis, Castanea, and Quercus, only Lithocarpus frequently bears branched spikes suggestive of the primitive condition in the Fagaceae; the other genera sometimes have them in some individuals. Simple and branched spikes can occur on the same tree. Evolution of the simple spike is interpreted as the loss of branching capacity in the branched spikes. The Fagaceae show various transitional stages from perfect, entomophilous to imperfect, anemophilous flowers and from mixed-sex to unisexual spikes. Complete separation of staminate from pistillate function into separate spikes and catkins occurs only in Quercus, which is also the only …

Small Mammal Community Structure And Composition In The Cerrado Province Of Central Brazil, Michael A. Mares, Kristina A. Ernest, Donald D. Gettinger

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Community structure, macrohabitat selection, and patterns of species co-occur- rence were examined during a 14-month study of small mammals in the Cerrado Province of central Brazil. Data were collected from mark-recapture grids in brejo and gallery forest, and from live-trapping and specimen collection in all habitat types within cerrado (campo limpo, campo sujo, cerrado [s.s.], cerradão, brejo, valley-side wet campo, and gallery forest). Gallery forest supported the highest species richness, most complex vertical distribution of species, highest level of trophic diversity, and highest macroniche diversity. Degree of habitat selection varied widely. All habitat types supported both rodents and marsupials, although …

Evolution And Historical Biogeography Of A Parasite-Host Assemblage: Alcataenia Spp. (Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae) In Alcidae (Charadriiformes), Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The methodology of phylogenetic systematics was used to develop hypotheses for the evolution of eight species of Alcataenia, a group of host-specific cestodes of the Alcidae and, to a lesser extent, the Laridae (Charadriiformes). Concurrently, aspects of the early biogeography of alcids were reevaluated making it possible to study the historical and distributional relationships of parasites and hosts. The most parsimonious hypothesis for the phylogeny of Alcataenia suggested that sequential colonization or host switching with limited coevolution (coaccommodation) by parasites best explained the distributional patterns exhibited by Alcataenia spp. Morphological evolution of specific species of Alcataenia accompanied host switching, …

Polymorphism Of Eimerian Oocysts: A Dilemma Posed By Working With Some Naturally Infected Hosts, Brent B. Parker, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

First paragraph:

Morphological variation of sporulated oocysts within individual eimerian species is well documented (Joyner, 1982. In Biology of the Coccidia, P. L. Long (editor). University Park Press, Baltimore, pages 35-62). In some cases, oocysts of a single eimerian species are known to vary in size by as much as 40% during patency (Duszynski, 1971, Journal of Parasitology 57: 948- 952). During a survey to determine the prevalence of coccidiosis in sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) wintering in New Mexico (Parker and Duszynski, 1986, Journal of Wildlife Diseases 21: 25-35), marked polymorphism was observed among sporulated oocysts of …

The Monographic Literature Of The Galliformes, Paul A. Johnsgard

Paul Johnsgard Collection

Because of their extraordinarily diverse beauty and importance as sporting birds,  pheasants and their relatives have been the subjects of many of the world's finest ornithological books, some of which also rank as among the most valuable from a book-collector's viewpoint. It is the purpose of this brief review to mention some of the landmark books or technical monographs dealing with major groups of Galliformes, both from the standpoints of their informational contents and their relative availability or collector's value. Emphasis is placed on English-language publications, although a few important recent German publications are mentioned.

Probably any review of galliform …

Biological Effects Of Heavy Ions From The Standpoint Of Target Theory, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The biological effect of heavy ions is best described through the action cross section, as a function of the end-point of interest and the charge and speed of the ion. In track theory this is called the “ion-kill" cross section, for it is the effect produced by a single heavy ion and its delta rays. As with nuclear emulsions the biological track structure passes from the grain count regime to the track width regime to the thindown region with an increase in LET. With biological cells, as with any detector capable of storing sub-lethal damage, with low LET irradiation the …

Cysts Resembling Hydatids In A Chicken, Gerald D. Schmidt, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Two large cysts recovered from the abdominal cavity of a domestic chicken superficially resembled hydatid cysts of Echinococcus spp. No protoscolices were present. Microscopic examination of the internal lining of one of the cysts revealed a single cuboidal to columnar, ciliated epithelium, leading to a diagnosis of oviduct cysts. Earlier records of hydatids of fowl are reviewed.

Spanish abstract: Reporte de Caso--Quistes en un pollo semejantes a la hidatidosis. Se encontraron dos quistes grandes en la cavidad abdominal de un pollo doméstico. Superficialmente los quistes parecían quistes hidatidícos de Echinococcus spp. No se encontraron escólecis o cabezas de la tenia. …

Transposon Mutagenesis And Excision Of R' Plasmids By Conjugative, Chimeric Plasmid Puw942 In Extra-Slow-Growing Rhizobium Japonicum Strains, Alahari Arunakumari, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Transposons Tn501 (specifying mercury resistance) and Tn7 (specifying resistance to trimethoprim and streptomycin) were introduced into extra-slow-growing Rhizobium japonicum by conjugal transfer of the 82 kilobase chimeric plasmid pUW942. Mercury-resistant transconjugants were obtained at a frequency of 10^-7 to 10^-9. The transfer frequency of streptomycin resistance was lower than that of mercury resistance, and Tn7 was relatively unstable. pUW942 was not maintained as an autonomously replicating plasmid in R. japonicum strains. However, some of the Hg^r transconjugants from the RJ19FY, RJ17W, and RJ12S strains acquired antibiotic markers of the vector plasmid pUW942. Southern hybridization of plasmid …

Simple Method To Demonstrate Radiation-Inducible Radiation Resistance In Microbial Cells, S. T. Tan, R. B. Maxcy

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

A simple method for detection of radiation-inducible radiation resistance was developed by irradiating aliquots (0.01 ml) of cell suspension on agar plates. Part of each experimental plate was subjected to an induction treatment, and subsequent radiation resistance was compared with that of untreated cells on the same plate. The UV radiation resistance of a Micrococcus sp. was increased approximately 1.6 times by an induction treatment. This simple procedure of irradiating cells in a "fixed" position on agar avoided washing, centrifugation, and cell enumeration required in traditional methods.

Discovery Of Two Additional Prosimian Primate Families (Omomyidae, Lorisidae) In The African Oligocene, Elwyn L. Simons, Thomas M. Bown, D. Tab Rasmussen

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Three new specimens reported here are referable to the Omomyidae and Lorisidae, and represent only the second and third prosimian primates found in the Oligocene rocks of the Fayum, Egypt. The Fayum omomyid extends the range of the Omomyidae into Africa, while the Fayum lorisid is the oldest record of the Lorisidae world-wide. Afrotarsius established ?Tarsiidae as a third prosimian family present in Oligocene rocks of the Fayum region of Egypt (Simons & Bown, 1985). These new occurrences significantly reorient paleogeographic study of primate origins. In a fauna famed for the presence of about a thousand specimens of early Anthropoidea-viz. …

Two New Species Of Litomosoides (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) From Pocket Gophers (Rodentia: Geomyidae) In Colorado, Scott Lyell Gardner, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Two new species of nematodes representing the genus Litomosoides were obtained from pocket gophers collected in the early 1960s and during 1982 in Colorado. Individuals of Litomosoides thomomydis n. sp. were recovered from the abdominal cavities of two species of pocket gopher, Thomomys tulpoides (Richardson) and T. bottae (Eydoux & Gervais). Nematodes representing L. westi n. sp. were recovered from the abdominal and pleural cavities of the plains pocket gopher Geomys bursarius (Shaw) from eastern Colorado. These two species of filarioid nematodes appear to be restricted in geographical range to those pocket gophers inhabiting the central grasslands and …

Eimeria Halleri Sp. N. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) From The Round Stingray, Urolophus Halleri (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae), Steve Upton, John Bristol, Scott Lyell Gardner, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Eimeria halleri sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) is described from the rectal contents ofthe round stingray, Urolophus halleri Cooper (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae) from Puerto Penasco, Mexico. Oocysts are spherical or subspherical, 16.9 x 16.8 (15.0-18.0 x 15.0-18.0) /μm, with a smooth, thin wall. Micropyle, polar granule, and oocyst residuum are absent. Sporocysts are ovoid, 11.1 x 6.8 (10.0-13.0 x 6.0-7.5) /μm and possess Stieda and substieda bodies. Sporozoites are comma-shaped, 9.9 x 3.2 (9.0-11.0 x 2.8-4.0) /μm and contain an ovoid posterior and a spherical anterior refractile body. The sporocyst residuum consists either of numerous finely granular particles scattered among the sporozoites …

Coccidiosis Of Sand Hill Cranes (Grus Canadensis) Wintering In New Mexico, Brent B. Parker, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The feces of 212 Sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) collected in central New Mexico from October 1982 to January 1983 and from October 1983 to January 1984 were examined to determine the prevalence of coccidial oocysts. One hundred forty-five granulomatous nodules from the viscera of 64 cranes and samples of lung, small intestine, and large intestine from 58 birds were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy for the presence of intestinal or extraintestinal coccidiosis. Of the 212 fecal samples, 160 (75%) were positive for oocysts of Eimeria, including E. gruis in 139 (66%) and E. reichenowi in …