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Contaminant Residue Analysis Of Fish Tissues From Marais Des Cygnes National Wildlife Refuge - Kansas, John F. Miesner

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Marais des Cygnes National Wildlife Refuge (Refuge) was added to the National Wildlife Refuge system in 1992. The Refuge occupies approximately 2,550 ha of bottomland hardwoods habitats along the Marais des Cygnes River in Linn County, Kansas.

During public involvement in acquisition planning, the Service committed to opening the Refuge to recreational fishing. There are several water bodies on the Refuge which would provide recreational fishing opportunities. These include abandoned coal strip mines, small man-made farm ponds, and the Marais des Cygnes River and several tributaries to the river. Fish have been established in the coal mine and farm ponds …

Effects To Listed Species From Operations Of The Federal Columbia River Power System

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has reviewed the biological assessment (BA) and National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) documents dated December, 1999 submitted by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), Corps of Engineers (Corps), and the Bureau of Reclamation (Bureau) (also referred to as action agencies) regarding operations of the Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS). The action agencies’ request for formal consultation was received in December, 1999. This document represents the Service’s biological opinion of the effects of the proposed action on two listed fish species: the endangered Kootenai River white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus); and the threatened …

Adaptive Harvest Management: 2000 Duck Hunting Season

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The process of setting waterfowl hunting regulations is conducted annually in the United States. This process involves a number of meetings where the status of waterfowl is reviewed by the agencies responsible for setting hunting regulations. In addition, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) publishes proposed regulations in the Federal Register to allow public comment. This document is part of a series of reports intended to support development of harvest regulations for the 2000 hunting season. Specifically, this report is intended to provide waterfowl managers and the public with information about the use of adaptive harvest management for setting …

Mourning Dove: Breeding Population Status, 2000, David D. Dolton, Graham W. Smith

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

This report includes Mourning Dove Call-count Survey information gathered over the last 35 years within the conterminous United States. Trends were calculated for the most recent 2- and 10-year intervals and for the entire 35-year period. Between 1999 and 2000, the average number of doves heard per route did not change significantly in the Eastern and Western Management Units. A significant decrease was detected in the Central Unit. Additionally, significant declines were indicated for doves heard over the 10 and 35-year periods in all 3 Units. In contrast, for doves seen, no trends were indicated over the 10- and 35-year …

Adaptive Regulation Of Waterfowl Harvests: Lessons Learned And Prospects For The Future, Fred A. Johnson, Dave J. Case

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Waterfowl managers in North America have been relentless in their pursuit of biological understanding, driven by a conviction that “science” eventually will provide the certitude necessary for effective management policies. Today, the system of waterfowl management in North America is unparalleled among conservation programs in terms of scope, complexity, and cost (Hawkins et al. 1984). The record of accomplishment has been impressive, especially when compared with the more somber accounts of resource exploitation and collapse that tend to characterize much of the history of natural resource development (Ludwig et al. 1993). For all of the success, however, great uncertainty persists …

Introduction Of Motivation And Child Maltreatment: Volume 46 Of The Nebraska Symposium On Motivation, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

There are at least two great luxuries associated with being coordinator of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. One is choosing the topic or major theme of the prestigious and influential conference. The second is selecting the speakers. It is great to sit back and think about all of the leading scholars in the field and decide who you would like to hear speak and have contribute a chapter to the volume. This 46th Annual Nebraska Symposium on Motivation brought together a distinguished panel of scholars who explored issues related to motivation and child maltreatment.

Impacts Of Changes In Sea Ice And Other Environmental Parameters In The Arctic

United States Marine Mammal Commission

Impacts of Changes in Sea Ice and Other Environmental Parameters in the Arctic

Management Of Pest Birds In Urban Environments, Ron J. Johnson

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

A number of bird species may cause nuisance or damage problems in urban areas. These include European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), house sparrows (Passer domesticus), feral pigeons or rock doves (Columba livia), and others. Recently, increasing numbers of resident Canada geese (Branta canadensis) have resulted in conflicts in urban areas, particularly around golf courses, parks, and developments that have lakes or ponds surrounded by grass. Bird damage management programs are increasingly expected to provide effective solutions in a humane and socially acceptable way. Management approaches and products are affected by clientele preferences and public opinion nationwide, which, along with small markets, …

Curassows, Guans And Chachalacas: Status Survey And Conservation Action Plan For Cracids 2000–2004 (With Spanish And Portuguese Translations), Daniel M. Brooks, Stuart D. Strahl

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

Cracids (curassows, guans and chachalacas) are the most threatened family of Neotropical birds, occurring in south Texas, Trinidad and Tobago, and all Latin American mainland countries except Chile. They are a primitive, ancestral family of gamebirds (Galliformes) that play an important role in the regeneration of tropical forests through seed dispersal and predation, yet half of all species are threatened by habitat destruction and hunting. The three most critically endangered species are the horned guan, Alagoas curassow, and Trinidad piping-guan, while the four most critically endangered subspecies are three subspecies of the helmeted curassow and the northeastern bare-faced curassow.

Cracids …

Review Of Parasites Of North American Freshwater Fishes, Second Edition, Gerald W. Esch

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Thirty-two years ago, Glenn Hoffman published the first version of this book. I remember it well because I was teaching a field parasitology course at the W.K. Kellogg Biological Station of Michigan State University, and depended to a very great extent on various fish parasites to use for examples in class study. As a result, the book was canonical as a source of information, and it continued to serve me well as I moved elsewhere in subsequent years. I know from personal knowledge that others who worked with fish parasites were equally served by the book. My copy of the …

Selenium In A Wyoming Grassland Community Receiving Wastewater From An In Situ Uranium Mine, Pedro Ramirez Jr., Brad Rodgers

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Water, soil, vegetation, grasshoppers (Family Acrididae), bird eggs and bird livers collected at a 23.5 hectare (58 acres) grassland irrigated with wastewater from an in situ uranium mine (Study Area) and a reference site in 1998 were analyzed for selenium and other trace elements. Bird surveys were conducted at the irrigated grassland at the in situ uranium mine to determine species use, relative abundance and behavior. We observed 23 species of birds using the Study Area. Western meadowlarks (Sturnella neglecta), red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), lark buntings (Calamospiza melanocorys) and horned larks (Eremophila alpestris …

Agroforestry In The United States: Research And Technology Transfer Needs For The Next Millennium

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

If society's needs and aspirations for forestderived goods, services, and amenities truely are to be met, we must find ways of augmenting traditional forestry by gleaning some portion of these benefits from agricultural lands. For example: windbreaks, riparian forest buffers, hybrid poplar trees, farm woodlots, and grazing/timber systems.

The Pseudomonas Syringae Hrp Pathogenicity Island Has A Tripartite Mosaic Structure Composed Of A Cluster Of Type Iii Secretion Genes Bounded By Exchangeable Effector And Conserved Effector Loci That Contribute To Parasitic Fitness And Pathogenicity In Plants, James R. Alfano, Amy O. Charkowski, Wen-Ling Deng, Jorge L. Badel, Tanja Petnicki- Ocwieja, Karin Van Dijk, Alan Collmer

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

The plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae is divided into pathovars differing in host specificity, with P. syringae pv. syringae (Psy) and P. syringae pv. tomato (Pto) representing particularly divergent pathovars. P. syringae hrp/hrc genes encode a type III protein secretion system that appears to translocate Avr and Hop effector proteins into plant cells. DNA sequence analysis of the hrp/hrc regions in Psy 61, Psy B728a, and Pto DC3000 has revealed a Hrp pathogenicity island (Pai) with a tripartite mosaic structure. The hrp/hrc gene cluster is conserved in all three strains and is flanked by a unique exchangeable …

Drought Preparedness And Response In The Context Of Sub-Saharan Africa, Donald A. Wilhite

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Although drought is a normal, recurring feature of climate, little progress has been made in drought management in most parts of the world. A United Nations study of selected Sub-Saharan African countries revealed that most states have little experience in proactive planning for drought. Only Botswana and South Africa have made serious efforts to develop drought preparedness and response. The lack of contingency planning for drought events in the region results from limited financial resources, inadequate understanding of drought impacts, and poor coordination among government agencies. A ten-step planning process, originally developed in 1991 for U.S. states, is suggested as …

Planning For Drought: Moving From Crisis To Risk Management, Donald A. Wilhite, Michael J. Hayes, Cody Knutson, Kelly Helm Smith

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Severe drought is a recurring problem for the United States, as illustrated by widespread economic, social, and environmental impacts. Recent drought episodes and the widespread drought conditions in 1996, 1998, and 1999 emphasized this vulnerability and the need for a more proactive, risk man-agement approach to drought management that would place greater emphasis on preparedness planning and mitigation actions. Drought planning has become a principal tool of states and other levels of government to improve their response to droughts. For example, since 1982, the number of states with drought plans has increased from 3 to 29. Many local governments have …

Chapter 1 Drought As A Natural Hazard: Concepts And Definitions, Donald A. Wilhite

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Worldwide, economic damages attributed to natural disasters tripled from the 1960s (US$40 billion) to the 1980s (US$120 billion) (Domeisen 1995). The 1990s have witnessed a continued escalation of economic damages, reaching US$400 billion through 1996 (Carol-wicz 1996). Between 1992 and 1996, losses associated with natural disasters in the United States averaged US$54.2 billion per week (Carolwicz 1996). The economic, social, and environmental costs and losses associated with drought are also increasing dramatically, although it is difficult to quantify this trend precisely because of the lack of reliable historical estimates of losses. White and Haas estimated in 1975 that the average …

Chapter 18 Drought: Pervasive Impacts Of A Creeping Phenomenon, Donald A. Wilhite, Olga V. Vanyarkho

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Throughout human existence, drought has been a threat to the survival of societies. It has often been a trigger for massive human migrations, famines, and wars, altering the course of history itself. Today, as we prepare to enter the twenty-first century, drought continues to affect our global community in countless ways. In fact, we are still discovering the complex interrelationships between drought and society and grappling with response and mitigation strategies that will lessen impacts and therefore reduce vulnerability for future generations.

Chapter 35 Preparing For Drought: A Methodology, Donald A. Wilhite

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Preparedness was defined in chapter 1 as predisaster activities designed to increase the level of readiness or improve operational and institutional capabilities for responding to an emergency. Drought preparedness has encountered increasing support from governments in recent years at various levels because of escalating impacts and the ineffectiveness and costs of emergency assistance programs that have little noticeable return. For example, between 1970 and 1984, state and federal government in Australia expended more than A$925 million on drought relief under the Natural Disaster Relief Arrangements (Wilhite 1986). The Republic of South Africa spent R2.5 billion for drought relief from the …

Incorporating Uncertainty Into Management Models For Marine Mammals, Barbara L. Taylor, Paul R. Wade, Douglas P. De Master, Jay Barlow

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Good management models and good models for understanding biology differ in basic philosophy. Management models must facilitate management decisions despite large amounts of uncertainty about the managed populations. Such models must be based on parameters that can be estimated readily, must explicitly account for uncertainty, and should be simple to understand and implement. In contrast, biological models are designed to elucidate the workings of biology and should not be constrained by management concerns. We illustrate the need to incorporate uncertainty in management models by reviewing the inadequacy of using standard biological models to manage marine mammals in the United States. …

Biological Assessment Protection Of Bald Eagle Nest Tree Cedar County, Nebraska

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District

In February of 2000, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) was contacted about a potential bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nest in a tree that was in eminent danger of falling into the Missouri River as a result of stream bank erosion. This tree is located at approximate river mile 796.5, near St. Helena, in the NWl/4 of Sec. 28, T93N, R54W, Cedar County, Nebraska. Personnel from the Corps visited the site along with the landowner on March 9, 2000, and confirmed that the nest was a bald eagle nest. During the site visit, measurements of the eroding …

Freshwater Mussels Of The Missouri National Recreational River Below Gavins Point Dam, South Dakota And Nebraska, Keith Perkins Iii, Douglas C. Backlund

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District

In 1999 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers contracted with the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks to conduct a presence/absence survey of the freshwater mussels of the Missouri National Recreational River below Gavins Point Dam, South Dakota and Nebraska. Subsequently, S.D. Department of Game, Fish and Parks contracted Keith Perkins III, a malacological expert at the University of Sioux Falls, to take charge of the inventory with the assistance of Doug Backlund, South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, Pierre, S.D.

Isolation, Characterization, And Differential Expression Of The Murine Sox-2 Promoter, Matthew S. Wiebe, Phillip J. Wilder, David Kelly, Angie Rizzino

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Sox proteins are expressed at many stages of development and in numerous tissues. The transcription factor Sox-2 is first expressed throughout the inner cell mass and subsequently becomes localized to the primitive ectoderm, developing central nervous system, and the lens. Sox-2 is also highly expressed in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells but becomes undetectable following differentiation of these cells. In this study, we have isolated, sequenced, and performed the first characterization of the Sox-2 promoter of any species. Approximately 2 kb of the Sox-2 5′-flanking region has been sequenced and the primary transcription start site mapped by primer extension analysis. Additionally, …

Ec00-219 2000 Nebraska Swine Report, Rodger K. Johnson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The 2000 Nebraska Swine Report was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating Departments for use in Extension, Teaching and Research programs. This publications deals with research on swine reproduction, breeding, health, nutrition, economics, and housing.

G00-1419 Community Supported Agriculture, Paul Swanson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide explains what community supported agriculture is, how it works and what producers will need to do to participate.

Most Nebraskans have not heard of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) but the concept is about three decades old in Japan and Europe and about 10-15 years old on the east coast of the United States.

G1408 Grain Molds And Mycotoxins In Corn, Jim Stack

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Storage molds of corn occur in Nebraska annually, potentially lowering grain quality. Mycotoxin contamination of corn occurs periodically, potentially affecting human and animal health. Learn how to identify the different types and their effects. Introduction In Nebraska, grain molds occur every year to varying degrees on field corn, seed corn, white corn, and other specialty corn hybrids. Most grain mold pathogens become associated with the kernel in the field; however, under certain conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and grain moisture, these molds can grow within the colonized kernel and even spread to adjacent kernels during transport and storage. Several issues …

Assessing Factors That May Predispose Minnesota Farms To Wolf Depredations On Cattle, L. David Mech, Elizabeth K. Harper, Thomas J. Meier, William J. Paul

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock cause considerable conflict and expense in Minnesota. Furthermore, claims are made that such depredations are fostered by the type of animal husbandry practiced. Thus, we tried to detect factors that might predispose farms in Minnesota to wolf depredations. We compared results of interviews with 41 cattle farmers experiencing chronic cattle losses to wolves (chronic farms) with results from 41 nearby "matched" farms with no wolf losses to determine farm characteristics or husbandry practices that differed and that therefore might have affected wolf depredations. We also used a Geographic Information System (GIS) to …

Direct And Indirect Parametrization Of A Localized Model For The Mountain Pine Beetle — Lodgepole Pine System, Zy Biesinger, James Powell, Barbara Bentz, Jesse Logan

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The dynamic interaction between mountain pine beetles (MPB) and one of its hosts is reviewed briefly. The ‘local’ projection of a partial differential equation model describing this interaction is employed in model parameter estimation. Methods and assumptions for estimating non-fitted parameter values are given. Assigning values to non-fitted parameters, direct and indirect parametrization techniques are employed to estimate remaining parameter values. The indirect method is quickly and easily applied to many data sets but requires some assumptions and model simplifications. The direct method requires fewer assumptions but is computationally intensive. The results of these two techniques are compared and evaluated.

Fish & Wildlife News: January/February 2000

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

The State of the Service 2
Service Nets Caviar Conviction 4
Ranchers Join Texas Conservation Initiative 6
A Town Pitches In 7
Bears Ahead! 8
Special Section: The Internet 16
Going to the Mall for Outreach 18
Cranes Fly In, Manager Norton Flies Out 19
Find Wetlands Near You 20
Gotcha! Caught in the Act of Outreach 26
Fish and Wildlife...In Brief 31

Response Of A Sage Grouse Breeding Population To Fire In Southeastern Idaho, John W. Connelly, Kerry P. Reese, Richard A. Fischer, Wayne L. Wakkinen

United States Army: Publications

Prescribed burning is a common method to eliminate sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) and has been suggested as a tool to enhance the habitat of sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Effects of this practice on sage grouse have not been evaluated rigorously. We studied effects of prescribed fire on lek (traditional breeding display areas) attendance by male sage grouse occupying low-precipitation (<26 cm) sagebrush habitats in south- eastern Idaho from 1986 through 1994. During the preburn period (1986-89), average declines for male attendance were 48% and 46% for treatment and control leks, respectively. Lek counts were similar for treatment and control leks during the preburn years (G-test, 0.25>P>0.10). During the postburn period (1990-94), male attendance at treatment leks declined 90% and control leks declined 63%. Although declines were similar between treatment and control leks during the preburn period, postburn declines were greater for treatment …

Development Of Vaccines For Prevention Of Botulism, Michael P. Byrne, Leonard A. Smith

United States Army: Publications

Botulism is a potentially lethal disease caused by one of seven homologous neurotoxic proteins usually produced by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum. This neuromuscular disorder occurs through an exquisite series of molecular events, ultimately ending with the arrest of acetylcholine release and hence, flaccid paralysis. The development of vaccines that protect against botulism dates back to the 1940s. Currently, a pentavalent vaccine that protects against BoNT serotypes A-E and a separate monovalent vaccine that protects against BoNT serotype F are available as Investigational New Drugs. However, due to the numerous shortcomings associated with the toxoid vaccines, several groups have efforts …