Digital Commons Network^™

Parental Monitoring And Adolescent Adjustment: An Ecological Perspective, Kristen C. Jacobson, Lisa J. Crockett

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study uses an ecological framework to examine the associations between parental monitoring and a variety of indicators of adolescent adjustment. Specifically, investigators examined whether higher levels of parental monitoring were associated with higher adolescent grade point average, lower levels of adolescent depression, and lower levels of adolescent sexual activity and minor delinquency, and whether these relations were moderated by gender, grade level, or mothers’ work status. Participants were 424 7th to 12th graders from a single rural school district in central Pennsylvania. Bivariate correlations indicated that parental monitoring had strong associations with all indicators of adjustment for both boys …

Insect Cellular Reactions To The Lipopolysaccharide Component Of The Bacterium Serratia Marcescens Are Mediated By Eicosanoids, Jon C. Bedick, R L. Pardy, R. W. Howard, David W. Stanley

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Nodulation, which begins with the formation of cellular microaggregates, is the predominant cellular defense reaction to bacterial infections in insects. We suggested that these reactions to bacterial infections are mediated by eicosanoids. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component of some bacterial cells stimulates defense reactions in mammals and insects. Here, we report on experiments designed to test the hypothesis that eicosanoids mediate microaggregation reactions to LPS. Injections of LPS (purified from the bacterium, Serratia marcescens) into larvae of the tenebrionid beetle, Zophobas atratus, stimulated microaggregation reactions in a dose-dependent manner. Treatments with eicosanoid-biosynthesis inhibitors immediately prior to LPS challenge sharply …

Ard News June 2000

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
Comments from the Dean
Special Federal Formula Funds for Support of Research
Barta Brothers Ranch Development
Land-Grant Universities Stimulate Economic Growth
Grant and Contract Income Obtained by ARD Units During the Last Four Calendar Years
Average Unit Outputs Exceed ARD Goals for FY 99
Foundation Seed Division Hires New Director
Innovative and High Risk Research Program
ARD Interdisciplinary Research Grants Program
Layman Awards
New or Revised Projects
Proposals Submitted for Federal Grants
Grants and Contracts Received April and May 2000
1999 Graduate Student Numbers
1999 Graduate Student Survey

Development Of Diagnostic Concentrations For Monitoring Bacillus Thuringiensis Resistance In European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Paula C.R.G. Marcon, Blair D. Siegfried, Terrence A. Spencer, W. D. Hutchinson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Two candidate diagnostic concentrations of the Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis corresponding to the LC₉₉ and EC₉₉ (effective concentration that causes 99% growth inhibition) for European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner), were determined based on previously obtained baseline data. Validation experiments using field-collected European corn borer populations from across North America showed that for Cry1Ab, a concentration corresponding to the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval of the LC₉₉, produced mortality .99% for all populations tested. However, for Cry1Ac, adjustments and further validation are probably necessary. Development of B. thuringiensis resistance monitoring programs …

Social Structure Of A Polygynous Tent-Making Bat, Cynopterus Sphinx (Megachiroptera), Jay F. Storz, Hari Bhat, Thomas H. Kunz

Jay F. Storz Publications

The social structure of an Old World tent-making bat Cynopterus sphinx (Megachiroptera), was investigated in western India. A combination of census and mark–recapture data over 2 years (1996–98) was used to infer the form of the mating system, compositional stability of social groups and mode of new social group formation. The breeding population of C. sphinx was subdivided into diurnal roosting colonies, each of which contained one to five discrete roosting groups and often one or more solitary bats in adjacent roosts. Bats most frequently roosted in stem tents constructed in the flower/fruit clusters of the kitul palm Caryota urens …

Macroevolution In Microchiroptera: Recoupling Morphology And Ecology With Phylogeny, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

No family of mammals has undergone a greater adaptive radiation than phyllostomid bats. Phylogeny combined with eco-morphological considerations of trophic structures can help understand this adaptive radiation and the evolution of Microchiroptera. Microchiropteran bats are overwhelmingly insectivorous, and constraints within the morphospace of insectivory have produced a dynamic equilibrium in bat morphologies that has persisted for 60 million years. The ability to eat fruit may be the key synapomorphy that allowed phyllostomids to escape insectivore morphospace and diversify. Although many phyllostomids have changed greatly, others that have maintained insectivory have changed little, which is equally remarkable.

Water Current, Volume 32, No. 3, June 2000

Water Current Newsletter

UNL's National Drought Mitigation Center Focused on Current Drought Conditions, Offers Variety of Information
From the Director: Summer Water Tour Leaves Kearney July 24; Internal Search Close to Naming New Permanent Water Center Director
New Rules for Public Drinking Water
Radium and it's Potential Effects on Drinking Water
Festival of Color Given IANR Team Effort Award
Water News Briefs
Free Tabloids Still Available
2000 Groundwater Foundation Fall Conference
New Water Resource List-Serve
Adopt-A-Watershed Leadership Institute
Recapping 2000 Nebraska Water Legislation

Adaptation And Selection Of Prion Protein Strain Conformations Following Interspecies Transmission Of Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy, Jason C. Bartz, Richard Bessen, Debbie Mckenzie, Richard F. Marsh, Judd M. Aiken

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Interspecies transmission of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, can result in the adaptation and selection of TSE strains with an expanded host range and increased virulence such as in the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. To investigate TSE strain adaptation, we serially passaged a biological clone of transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) into Syrian golden hamsters and examined the selection of distinct strain phenotypes and conformations of the disease-specific isoform of the prion protein (PrP^Sc). The long-incubation-period drowsy (DY) TME strain was the predominate strain, based on the presence of its strain-specific …

Parasite Community Structure In Pimephales Promelas (Pisces: Cyprinidae) From Two Converging Streams, M. A. Weichman, John A. Janovy Jr.

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

Parasites of the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, were examined in fish collected from Elk Creek (40.88534°N, 96.83366°W) and West Oak Creek (40.90821°N, 96.81432°W), Lancaster County, Nebraska. These two streams are part of the Salt Valley watershed and flow together approximately 2 km downstream from the collection sites to form Oak Creek. This study examined the extent to which the two tributaries constitute a continuous habitat with respect to fish hosts. The parasite community included Trichodina sp., Myxobolus sp., Dactylogyrus simplex, D. bychowskyi, and D. pectenatus (all on gills); Gyrodactylus hoffmani (gill and body surface); Posthodiplostomum sp. (neascus, body …

Host Specificity In Metamera Sillasenorum, N. Sp., A Gregarine Parasite Of The Leech Helobdella Triserialis With Notes On Transmission Dynamics, Megan R. Wise De Valdez, John J. Janovy Jr., John C. Wise

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

Eugregarines of the suborder Septatorina are apicomplexan parasites that are found mainly in arthropods. Some exceptions are species in the Metameridae that contains the only 5 septate gregarines recorded from annelids. The type genus is Metamera Duke, 1910 with two species, Metamera schubergi Duke, 1910, in European Glossiphonia complanata, and Metamera reynoldsi Jones, 1943, from North American G. complanata. Over the summers of 1995-1998, in Keith County, Nebraska, septate gregarines were found in the glossiphoniid leech Helobdella triserialis. The gregarines were determined to be a new species of Metamera, herein named Metamera sillasenorum. Measurements of size …

A Century Of Breeding Birds In Nebraska, Jackie Canterbury, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

With the imminent publication of the Nebraska Breeding Bird Atlas and the turning of a new millennium, it is perhaps an appropriate time to survey the state of breeding birds in Nebraska. Wayne Mollhoff’s summary of the N.O.U.’s Nebraska Breeding Birds Aliasing Project (Mollhoff, 2000) provides important databases for the latter part of the past century, and the historic overview by James Ducey (1988) offers a useful basis for judging the breeding avifauna of Nebraska from about the beginning of the century. The Biological Resources Division of the U. S. Geological Survey’s (WSGS-BRD) annual Breeding Bird Survey data currently extends …

Tubulin And Neurofilament Proteins Are Transported Differently In Axons Of Chicken Motoneurons, Aidong Yuan, Roland G. Mills, Catherine P. Chia, John J. Bray

Papers in Microbiology

1. We previously showed that actin is transported in an unassembled form with its associated proteins actin depolymerizing factor, cofilin, and profilin. Here we examine the specific activities of radioactively labeled tubulin and neurofilament proteins in subcellular fractions of the chicken sciatic nerve following injection of L-[35S]methionine into the lumbar spinal cord. 2. At intervals of 12 and 20 days after injection, nerves were cut into 1-cm segments and separated into Triton X-100-soluble and particulate fractions. Analysis of the fractions by high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, fluorography, and computer densitometry showed that tubulin was transported as a unimodal wave at …

Phylogeny Of The Species Of The Genus Litomosoides (Nematatoda: Onchocercidae): Evidence Of Rampant Host Switching, Sara V. Brant, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Filarioid nematodes of the genus Litomosoides occur in the abdominal and (or) thoracic cavities of marsupials, rodents, and bats of the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. In this study, the phylogenetic relationships among these nematodes were estimated with a parsimony analysis of morphological characters derived from species descriptions. This nonweighted analysis produced 20 shortest trees. The monophyly of the genus was not supported in that Litomosoides thomomydis and Litomosoides westi failed to group with the other members of the genus. When these 2 taxa (parasites of pocket gophers) were excluded, monophyly of Litomosoides was supported by 2 synapomorphies (structure of the …

Relationships Of Nematodirus Species And Nematodirus Battus Isolates (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) Based On Nuclear Ribosomal Dna Sequences, Steven A. Nadler, Eric P. Hoberg, Deborah S.S. Hudspeth, Lora G. Rickard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Nuclear ribosomal sequence data from the internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2), 5.8S subunit, and regions of the 18S and 28S genes were used to investigate sequence diversity among geographic samples of Nematodirus battus, and to infer phylogenetic relationships among Nematodirus species. Phylogenetic analysis of these data yielded strong support for relationships among species, depicting Nematodirus helvetianus and Nematodirus spathiger as sister-taxa and a clade of these two species and Nematodirus filicollis. This tree is consistent with caprine bovids as ancestral hosts, with a subsequent host shift to Bovinae in N. helvetianus. Eleven of 14 N. battus …

Airflow Characteristics Of Commonly Used Temperature Radiation Shields*, X. Lin, Kenneth G. Hubbard, George E. Meyer

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The air temperature radiation shield is a key component in air temperature measurement in weather station networks; however, it is widely recognized that significant errors in the measured air temperature exist due to insufficient airflow past the air temperature sensor housed inside the shield. During the last several decades, the U.S. National Weather Service has employed a number of different shields in air temperature measurements. This paper focuses on the airflow characteristics inside air temperature shields including the Maximum–Minimum Temperature System (MMTS), the Gill shields, and the Cotton Region Shelter (CRS).

Average airspeed profiles and airflow efficiency inside the shields …

Lethal Control Of Piscivorous Birds At Aquaculture Facilities In The Northeast United States: Effects On Populations, Bradley F. Blackwell, Richard A. Dolbeer, Laura A. Tyson

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Predation by piscivorous birds is considered a substantial threat to the aquaculture industry. However, lethal control of birds at aquaculture facilities has raised concerns about the effects on the distribution and abundance of populations of the species killed. We examined the relationship between numbers of piscivorous birds reported killed under U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) permits at aquaculture facilities in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania and species population trends within the respective states. The USFWS issued 26 permits to 9 facilities from 1985 through September 1997. Eight species appeared on permits, but only six species were reported killed: …

Efflux Of Osmolyte Amino Acids During Isovolumic Regulation In Hippocampal Slices, Rodrigo Franco, Octavio Quesada, Herminia Pasantes-Morales

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The efflux of potassium (K⁺) and amino acids from hippocampal slices was measured after sudden exposure to 10% (270 mOsm), 25% (225 mOsm) or 50% (150 mOsm) hyposmotic solutions or after gradual decrease (22.5 mOsm/min) in external osmolarity. In slices suddenly exposed to 50% hyposmotic solutions, swelling was followed by partial (74%) cell volume recovery, suggesting regulatory volume decrease (RVD). With gradual hyposmotic changes, no increase in cell water content was observed even when the solution at the end of the experiment was 50% hyposmotic, showing the occurrence of isovolumic regulation (IVR). The gradual decrease in osmolarity elicited …

Growth And Fabrication With Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Probe Microscopy Tips, Chin Li Cheung, Jason H. Hafner, Teri W. Odom, Kyoungha Kim, Charles M. Lieber

Barry Chin Li Cheung Publications

Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) probe microscopy tips were grown by a surface growth chemical vapor deposition method. Tips consisting of individual SWNTs (1.5–4 nm in diameter) and SWNT bundles (4–12 nm in diameter) have been prepared by design through variations in the catalyst and growth conditions. In addition to high-resolution imaging, these tips have been used to fabricate SWNT nanostructures by spatially controlled deposition of specific length segments of the nanotube tips.

Comparison Of Plasma Fsh Concentration In Boars And Gilts From Lines Selected For Ovulation Rate And Embryonal Survival, And Litter Size And Estimation Of (Co)Variance Components For Fsh And Ovulation Rate, R. K. Johnson, J. J. Ford

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this research was to determine whether plasma concentration of FSH was genetically correlated with ovulation rate and thus was a useful trait for indirect selection. Blood samples were collected from 619 animals from five lines of pigs. Line I was selected for increased index of ovulation rate and embryonal survival, and Line C was its randomly selected control. Pigs sampled from Lines I and C were from generations 12 and 13. Pigs from three additional lines that were derived from eighth-generation pigs of Lines I and C also were used. These lines were Line C2, a randomly …

Extralimital Records Of The Mexican Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasilensis Mexicana) In The Central United States And Their Biological Significance, Hugh H. Genoways, Patricia W. Freeman, Cary Grell

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Two new records of Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana are reported from Nebraska. The literature records of this taxon from the central United States are summarized. In this region of North America, these bats occupy a “natal range” where the species carries on regular reproductive activities and the populations are relatively stable, including California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma. To the north of the natal range of T. b. mexicana is a “pioneering zone” where, under favorable conditions, the species is capable of reproducing and conducting its normal activities. The pioneering zone of the Mexican free-tailed bat includes Barber and Comanche …

United States Patent: Buffalograss Plant Named ‘Ne91-118’, Terrance P. Riordan, Frederick Baxendale, Roch E. Gaussoin, Jennifer M. Johnson-Cicalese, Paul G. Johnson, Edward J. Kinbacher

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A vegetatively reproduced buffalograss cultivar named 'NE91-118' is distinguished from other commercially produced buffalograss varieties by its excellent turfgrass color, cold tolerance, high density, low growth habit, and rate of establishment. 'NE91-118' is also distinguished by molecular markers and nuclear DNA content. 'NE91-118' is suitable for use in low to medium maintenance situations in arid and semi-arid climates of United States and Canada.

Shifting Distributional Patterns Of Mammals In Nebraska, Russell A. Benedict, Hugh H. Genoways, Patricia W. Freeman

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

New distributional records are presented for 20 species of mammals in Nebraska. The majority of these records appear to represent changes in geographic distribution rather than just better sampling in poorly known areas. One group of mammals, including the opossum, northern myotis, evening bat, red bat, woodchuck, white-footed mouse, and gray fox, is expanding westward, probably in response to increasing woodlands along river systems. Another group, including the meadow vole, masked shrew, and least weasel, is expanding southward, possibly in response to new prey species and changing microclimates. The eastern woodrat appears to be expanding northward in eastern Nebraska. The …

Shifts In Mid- To Late-Holocene Anion Composition In Elk Lake (Grant County, Minnesota): Comparison Of Diatom And Ostracode Inferences, Jasmine E. Saros, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Alison J. Smith

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The fossil diatom record from Elk Lake (Grant County, Minnesota) was used to reconstruct salinity and brine type between 2640 and 4645 ¹⁴C yr BP. This lake was selected for a brine-type reconstruction because a previous study using fossil-ostracode assemblages indicated a shift in anion composition during the mid-Holocene (Smith et al., 1997). Salinity was reconstructed using a transfer function developed for the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North America; the reconstruction revealed that salinity was higher (1.5–6.2 g l⁻¹) between ~4000 and 4645 14C yr BP and dropped to 0.35–1.2 g l−1 after 4000 14C yr …

Fish & Wildlife News: May/June 2000

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

Washington Office, Regional Reorganization 2
Rogers, Lambertson, Dwyer Retire 3
Salmon Hearings Stir NW Waters 7
Library Links to Biological Databases 9
New Millennium, New Service Video 10
Ranchers as Conservationists 13
Y2K Crisis Averted 14
Words and Images: A Special Section 17
A Volunteer with Passion 22
Finding Publications is Easy 25
Fish and Wildlife...In Brief 31
Moving Forward 32

Using The Spi To Identify Drought, C. T. Agnew

Drought Network News (1994–2001)

This article was written in response to the recent analysis of drought in Turkey by Komuscu (1999). The study showed the relationship between drought duration, drought frequency, and drought time scale using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI).

The Probe, Issue 210 – May/June 2000

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

NADCA Election in Progress
Berryman Institute Announces 1999 Awards
New Probe Editor to be Appointed: Larry Sullivan
Ken Garner Retires
Book Review: "Master Land Snaring: Canine and Coon Techniques, Effective in All Terrains." by Newt Sterling as told to Bob Noonan. 1999. 58 pages, illustrated.
NPCA Gets New Name
Lobster Plates: PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) is fighting to prevent the return of the lobster to Maine's automobile license plates.
Active Antis in the Northwest
Animal Rights Violence on Increase

Abstracts from the 6th Annual Conference of The Wildlife Society:
Monitoring of Sin Nombre Hantavirus in deer …

Wpa News 62 (2000), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (May 2000), number 62

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Center For Sustainable Agricultural Systems Newsletter, May/June 2000

Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems: Newsletter (1993–2000)

Contents:

CSAS Joins New Center for Applied Rural Innovation (CARI)

Nebraska’s Future Agriculture: Natural Resources, Human Capital, and Rural Communities

Call for 2001 North Central SARE Research and Education Preproposals

North Central SARE Maintains Marketing Listserv

Integrated Farm Project: A Model for Collaboration

Nebraska Study Shows Monarch Danger Is Exaggerated

Registration Fee Set for Alternative Ag Expo

CSAS Bids Heidi Carter Farewell

Farmers' Markets Moving Ahead

Community Supported Agriculture: New Potentials for Nebraska

E-conference on Integrating Sustainable Food Security

Quantitative Measurement Of Guest–Host Interactions In Supramolecular Systems: A Comparative Brillouin Scattering Study Of The Dianin’S Compound Clathrand And Two Of Its Isostructural Clathrates, C.A. Sandstedt, D. Michalski, Craig J. Eckhardt

Craig J. Eckhardt Publications

Single, isomorphous crystals of the guest-free clathrand of Dianin’s compound and two of its clathrates containing two ethanols and a heptanol, respectively, have been studied by Brillouin scattering to obtain their complete elastic constant tensors. The values found for individual elastic constants are related to microscopic interactions of the guests and host cage using the clathrand as the reference. Direct correlation of the interference of the guest heptanol molecule with the hexamer hydrogen-bonded network of the host cage to reduced stiffness of this clathrate is demonstrated. In contrast, the ethanol-containing clathrate is demonstrated to have negligible interaction of the guests …

Asm Archives [Comments And News], Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Biographical blurb about American Society of Mammalogists founder, Hartley H.T. Jackson, and his wife, Anna M. Jackson. Includes photograph from the ASM Archives, donated by Victor B. Scheffer.