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The Role Of Predation In Wildlife Population Dynamics, Eric M. Gese, Frederick F. Knowlton

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The role predation plays in the dynamics of prey populations is controversial. Our understandings of predator-prey relationships is complicated by a multitude of factors in the environment and a general lack of knowledge of most ecological systems. Various other factors, besides predation, may regulate or limit prey populations, and various factors influence the degree to which predation affects prey populations. Furthermore, some factors may create time lags, or even cause generational effects, that go unnoticed. Herein, we review the role of predation in wildlife population dynamics, some of the factors influencing predator-prey interactions, and attempt to indicate where the professional …

Evidence Of American Woodcock Nesting In Southeastern South Dakota, Felicia Y. Sargeant, Glen A. Sargeant

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Generally, breeding-season observations of American woodcock in North Dakota have been considered noteworthy. Stewart (1975) compiled reports of two unconfirmed instances of breeding prior to 1923. He also reported observations of American woodcock during the breeding seasons of 1923, 1934, 1957, 1969, and 1972 and that a courtship territory was occupied by a displaying male in 1971 and 1972. Smith and Barclay (1978) surveyed individuals in wildlife agencies, universities, and ornithological societies for reports of breeding by American woodcock and obtained four reports of courtship displays in North Dakota, but none of nesting. Faanes and Andrew (1983) banded a male …

Generational Conflict In The Late Reformation: The Basel Paroxysm, Amy Nelson Burnett

Department of History: Faculty Publications

It would be tempting to consider the outbreak of the Reformation as an episode of generational conflict, the ramifications of which continued during the next several generations of the sixteenth century. This article, however, focuses instead on a more limited instance of generational conflict, both temporally and geographically. Moreover, it looks not at the first generation of reformers but at their successors—-or, more precisely, at their successors’ successors—-at a time of transition from the second to the third generation of Protestant clergy.

The “Basel Paroxysm,” a conflict over the Lord’s Supper that shook the Basel church in 1570/71, illustrates the …

Cryopreservation Of Embryos Of The New World Screwworm Cochliomyia Hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae), R.A. Leopold, W.B. Wang, Dennis Berkebile, T.P. Freeman

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A method for cryopreserving embryos of the screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), was developed for the long-term storage of strains used in research projects and for colonies maintained as back-up to production strains that are mass-reared for sterile insect release programs. This protocol, when combined with a previous procedure that was designed to render screwworm embryos permeable to water loss and the influx of cryoprotectants, yields rates of ~53% hatching, 22% pupation, and 75% adult emergence. These yields are all lower than control levels, but by the next generation the progeny of the cryopreserved flies are near or equal to control …

Tyrannasorus Rex Ratcliffe And Ocampo, A New Genus And Species Of Miocene Hybosorid In Amber From The Dominican Republic (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Hybosoridae), Brett C. Ratcliffe, Federico Carlos Ocampo

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Tyrannasorus rex Ratcliffe and Ocampo (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Hybosoridae), a new genus and new species of fossil hybosorid, is described from the Dominican Republic. This fossil scarabaeoid is embedded in the amber resin of Hymenaea protera Poinar (Leguminosae), and it dates from the Miocene.

Se describe Tyrannasorus rex Ratcliffe and Ocampo (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Hybosoridae), un nuevo género y especie de hybosórido fosil de República Dominicana. Este scarabeoideo fósil está incluído en ámbar originado de la resina de Hymenaea protera Poinar (Leguminosae) y data del Mioceno.

A Review Of The Neotropical Genus Neocorvicoana Ratcliffe And Micó, New Genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Gymnetini), Brett C. Ratcliffe, Estefanía Micó

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

The southern Neotropical cetoniine genus Neocorvicoana Ratcliffe and Micó new genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Gymnetini) is established for three species previously placed in Corvicoana Strand, 1934 (nomen nudum) and Gymnetis MacLeay, 1819: N. chalybea (Kirby), N. reticulata (Schürhoff), and N. tricolor (Schürhoff), new combinations. The type species of the new genus is N. reticulata (Kirby). Corvicoana rudolfi (Frölich) is transferred to the genus Gymnetis. Corvicoana suavis (Schürhoff) and C. castanea (Schürhoff) are junior synonyms of N. chalybea. We include a taxonomic key to the species, nomenclatural history, descriptions, illustrations, and commentary.

Se establece el género Neocorvicoana Ratcliffe …

Nutrients In Runoff Following The Application Of Swine Manure To Interrill Areas, John E. Gilley, Bahman Eghball, B. J. Weinhold, Phillip S. Miller

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

The P content of swine manure can be reduced through the addition of feed supplements or the use of selected corn hybrids. This study was conducted to compare interrill runoff losses of P and N from three soils following the application of swine manure obtained from selected diets. The soils used in this investigation included a Hersh sandy loam, Pierre silty clay, and Sharpsburg silt loam. Simulated rainfall was applied during both initial and wet runs to a soil pan on which swine manure produced from low phytate corn (LPC), phytase added to the diet (PHY), or a traditional corn …

Summer Field Report, June And July 2001, W. Ross Silcock

Nebraska Bird Review

Jaeger at Lake McConaughy; the continuing advance of the Eurasian Collared-Dove; possible breeding or hybridization with Eurasian Collared-Dove of White-winged Dove at Kearney; a resurgence of Black-billed Cuckoos; breeding of Long-eared Owl in Knox County; hummingbirds (including Calliope) in the Panhandle; and interesting information on the Red Crossbills on the Pine Ridge.

Nebraska Bird Review Whole Issue September 2001 Volume 69 Number 3

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

Summer Field Report, compiled by W. Ross Silcock................................. 106

Species Accounts................................. 108

Bird Hunts of Omaha Sportsmen's Clubs, 1858-1887
by J. E. Ducey .................................133

NOU Spring Meeting Bird Count .................................148

Analysis Of long-eared Owl (Asio Otus) Pellets From
Eastern Nebraska by Mahan, Mahan, and Sachtleben .................................152

A Poem by Shelly Clark .................................155

New Dung Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Records For Florida, David Almquist

Insecta Mundi

Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche) was released by the USDA for the purpose of dung removal and control of pestiferous dung-breeding flies in Texas, California, and Georgia around 1978-1979, although it did not become established in Georgia at that time (Blume 1984; Fincher 1986; Montes and Halffter 1998). Apparently, it has not been officially recorded outside of Arizona, California, and Texas in the contiguous U.S., although Montes and Halffter (1998) did a detailed study of its migration into Mexico.

Small Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae) From Burrows Of Geomys And Thomomys Pocket Gophers (Rodentia: Geomyidae) In The United States, Stewart B. Peck, Paul E. Skelley

Insecta Mundi

The cholevine beetles inhabiting burrows of Geomys and Thomomys pocket gophers (Rodentia: Geomyidae) are reviewed. Catops geomysi n. sp. and Ptomaphagus geomysi n. sp. are described. Both of these species and Ptomaphagus schwarzi Hatch appear to be regular and obligate inhabitants of Geomys burrows but are not host specific. Nemadus hornii Hatch, Sciodrepoides ruatsoni hornianus (Blanchard), Catops simplex Say, Ptomaphagus cavernicola Schwarz, Ptomaphagus consobrinus (LeConte), Ptomaphagus fisus Horn, and Ptomaphagus texanus Horn were less frequently collected and are probably facultative inhabitants of Geomys burrows, as well as nests or dens of other small mammals. Ptomaphagus nevadicus Horn is an inhabitant …

A Checklist Of The Limnichidae And The Lutrochidae (Coleoptera) Of The World, P. J. Spangler, C. L. Staines, P. M. Spangler, S. L. Staines

Insecta Mundi

A checklist of the world species of Limnichidae (35 genera, 345 species) and Lutrochidae (1 genus, 11 species) is presented. The author, year of publication and page number, synonyms, distribution by country, and a terminal bibliography are given for each genus and species. Biological information is also reviewed.

New Records And Synonyms In The Colydiinae And Pycnornerini (Coleoptera: Zopheridae), Michael A. Ivie, Stanislaw Adam Slipinski, Piotr Wegrzynowski

Insecta Mundi

New synonyms are proposed for: Pethelispa arizoizica Dajoz 1992 = Pycnomerus arizonicus Stephan 1989 NEW SYNONYW Microprius cubanus Slipinski 1985 = Eudesmula california Dajoz 1992 = Microprius rufulus (Motschulsky 1863) NEW SYNONYMIES; and Auloniuln chilense Dajoz 1980=Aulonium parallelopedium (Say 1826) NEW SYNONYMY. Colobicus parilis Pascoe is recorded from Louisiana, a new distributional record for the New World.

A New Species Of Neonella (Araneae: Salticidae) From Southeast Florida, G. B. Edwards

Insecta Mundi

A new species of Neonella is described that has a distribution apparently restricted to the southeast coast of Florida. So far, it has only been found in Brevard and Monroe counties. It is closely related to N. mayaguez Galiano from Puerto Rico.

The Metabolic Basis Of Life History Variation: Genetic And Phenotypic Differences In Lipid Reserves Among Life History Morphs Of The Wing-Polymorphic Cricket, Gryllus Firmus, Anthony J. Zera, A. Larsen

Anthony Zera Publications

The flight-capable morph of the wing-polymorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus, accumulated a substantially greater quantity of total lipid and triglyceride, compared with the obligately flightless morph, during the first five days of adulthood. Increased lipid accumulation in the flight-capable morph was genetically based, and was produced when ovarian growth is substantially reduced in that morph. Temporal changes in lipid levels suggest that the higher triglyceride reserves in the flight-capable morph fed a high-nutrient diet were produced by elevated lipid biosynthesis. By contrast, on a low-nutrient or high carbohydrate diet, increased lipid levels in the flight-capable morph appeared to result primarily …

Endangered Species Bulletin, September 2001 - Vol. Xxvi No. 1

Endangered Species Bulletin

In this issue:
4 Incentives for Conservation on Private Lands
6 Preventative Medicine for Species at Risk
8 Partners for Fish and Wildlife
10 Landowners Help Karner Blues
13 Working Together for Riparian Conservation
16 A Safe Harbor for the Red-cockaded Woodpecker
19 Stewardship on the Plains
22 A Partnerships to Restore the Aplomado Falcon
24 New Habitat Conservation Plan Grants
26 A Private Effort to Conserve Biological Diversity
30 Rare Woodpeckers Reintroduced to North Florida
32 Training Courses Highlight Partnerships
34 Partnering with Plants
36 “Working the Sturge”

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, September 2001, International Lepidoptera Survey, Ron Gatrelle, Harry Pavulaan, Norbert G. Kondla

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents

Thorybes clarification by Ron Gatrelle (pages 1-2)

TC-ISBN Taxonomically Correct - Index of Scientific Butterfly Names: Why do we need yet another North American names list? by Harry Pavulaan (pages 3-6)

The Taxonomic Report, preview

Mitoura grynea smilacis aberrants by Ron Gatrelle (page 8)

Research request: Agriades aquilo? by Norbert G. Kondla (page 9)

Nebline, September 2001

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

4-H Centennial–1902-2002
4-H Centennial Quiz
Poison Ivy
Seasonal Needle Drop on Evergreens
Horticulture information center
Norfolk Island Pine
Tiny Flies in the House? Find the Source
Simple Fruit Fly Trap
The Kids are Back in School – So are Head Lice...
New Home? New Bugs!
Fall Household Hazardous Waste Collections
New Home? New Bugs!
Fall Is a Good Time to Control Problem Weeds
Prepare Grain Bins and Equipment Before Harvest
Nitrogen Fertilizer Sources
Crop Residues: An Economical Source of Feed
Nebraska Forest Service Ends Tree Distribution Program
Fall Dandelion Treatment
Livestock Buildings
Water Quickies for September
Fall Fertilizing is Best …

The Environment Of Child Maltreatment: Contextual Factors And The Development Of Psychopathology, Debra B. Hecht, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Some professionals have hypothesized that the observed problems in children who have been maltreated may actually be a result of the combination of risk factors surrounding the child, including but not limited to direct results of the abuse itself. This article examines the complexity of hypothesized pathways to poor adjustment after physical and sexual abuse. The literature on the impact of major risk factors associated with maltreatment is reviewed in an attempt to clarify the potential contributions of these contextual variables on the development of psychopathology in physically and sexually abused children. The implications this analysis may yield for prevention, …

Eicosanoids Act In Nodulation Reactions To Bacterial Infections In Newly Emerged Adult Honey Bees, Apis Mellifera, But Not In Older Foragers, Jon C. Bedick, Hasan Tunaz, A. R. Nor Aliza, Sean Putnam, Marion D. Ellis, David W. Stanley

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Nodulation is the first, and qualitatively predominant, cellular defense reaction to bacterial infections in insects. We tested the hypothesis that eicosanoids also mediate nodulation reactions to bacterial challenge in adults of a social insect, the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Treating newly-emerged experimental bees with the eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitor, dexamethasone, impaired nodulation reactions to bacterial infections, and the influence of dexamethasone was reversed by treating infected insects with arachidonic acid, an eicosanoid precursor. Several other eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitors, including the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin, and the dual cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitor, phenidone, also impaired the ability of experimental honeybees to form nodules in …

A Mutation In The Latency-Related Gene Of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Leads To Impaired Ocular Shedding In Acutely Infected Calves, Melissa Inman, Luciane Lovato, Alan R. Doster, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen of cattle, and infection is usually initiated in the ocular or nasal cavity. Like other alphaherpesviruses, BHV-1 establishes latency in sensory neurons but has the potential of reactivating from latency and spreading. The only abundant viral transcript expressed during latency is the latency-related (LR) RNA, which is alternatively spliced in trigeminal ganglia during acute infection (L. R. Devireddy and C. Jones, J. Virol. 72:7294–7301, 1998). LR gene products inhibit cell cycle progression (Y. Jiang, A. Hossain, M. T. Winkler, T. Holt, A. Doster, and C. Jones, J. Virol. 72:8133–8142, 1998) and chemically …

Book Review: Grazing Management, 2nd Ed., Lowell E. Moser

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Grazing management is critical in obtaining optimum production from grasslands and maintaining the grazing resource. Grazing management involves a complex relationship among the herbivores, vegetation, and other biotic and abiotic factors. Proper grazing management of grazing lands has a tremendous importance in agriculture and natural resource conservation because much of the earth’s surface is covered with grazable vegetation. This book is an updated second edition of Grazing Management, which was first published in 1990. This edition is increased in size and coverage compared with the first edition.. A lot of progress in grazing management has been made in the 11 …

The Use Of Landmarks By Clark's Nutcrackers: First Tests Of A New Model, Alan Kamil, Aleida J. Goodyear, Ken Cheng

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Animals use many different mechanisms to navigate in space. The characteristics of the mechanism employed are usually well-suited to the demands of each particular navigational problem. For example, desert ants navigating in a relatively featureless environment use path integration, birds homing or migrating over long distances use compasses of various sorts, salmon returning to their natal stream home on olfactory cues. The study of navigation requires the study of many different taxa confronting different problems. One interesting case 1 involves scatter-hoarding species that use memory to relocate their hidden food. Such animals face the problem of remembering many locations simultaneously. …

Membrane Glycoprotein Gp130 Of Dictyostelium Discoideum Is Lipid-Linked And Its Fate Altered In The Presence Of Tunicamycin, Betsy L. Barent, Catherine P. Chia

Papers in Microbiology

We are studying the structure and role in phagocytosis of gp130, a glycoprotein located on the extracellular surface of D. discoideum amoebae. Predictions from the protein sequence of gp130 deduced from the cDNA indicate its attachment to the membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GP1)-anchor. This was confirmed when radiolabeled palmitic acid was incorporated into gp130 of axenically grown cells, and when nitrous acid deamination released gp130 from purified membranes. The GPI-anchor of gp130 resisted cleavage by bacterial and mammalian phosphoinositol-specific phospholipases. However, in the presence of protease inhibitors, we detected in vitro a time-dependent cleavage of gp 130 that was effectively …

Invited Synthesis Paper: Principles And Practices For Managing Rangeland Invasive Plants, Robert A. Masters, Roger Sheley

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Invasive plants reduce the capacity of ecosystems to provide goods and services required by society, alter ecological processes, and can displace desirable species. They can reduce wildlife habitat quality, riparian area integrity, rangeland economic value, and enterprise net returns. The invasion process is regulated by characteristics of the invading plant and the community being invaded. The presence and spread of invasive plants is often symptomatic of underlying management problems that must be corrected before acceptable, long-term rangeland improvement can be achieved. Disturbance appears to be important early in the invasion process because it creates vacant niches that alien plants can …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 33, No.3 September 2001

The Prairie Naturalist

SEASONAL REPRODUCTION IN SIGMODON HISPIDUS INHABITING TALLGRASS PRAIRIES OF OKLAHOMA ▪ J. A. Wilson and R. L. Lochmiller

USE OF THE INDEX OF BIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY IN EASTERN SOUTH DAKOtA RIVERS ▪ C. L. Milewski, C. R. Berry, and D. Dieterman

SEED USE BY VERTEBRATES AND INVERTEBRATES IN TALLGRASS PRAIRIE ▪ A. W. Reed, G. A. Kaufman, J. E. Boyer, Jr., and D. W. Kaufman

RANGE EXPANSION OF THE PILEATED WOODPECKER IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ J. A. Dechant 163

LAB FATTENING AND NON-INVASIVE ESTIMATES OF BODY COMPOSITION IN DEER MICE ▪ E. T. Unangst, Jr., M. J. Blair, M. W. Granger, …

Direct And Correlated Responses To Two-Stage Selection For Ovulation Rate And Number Of Fully Formed Pigs At Birth In Swine, A. Ruiz-Flores, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Our objectives were to estimate responses and genetic parameters for ovulation rate, number of fully formed pigs at birth, and other production traits following two-stage selection for increased ovulation rate and number of fully formed pigs. Eight generations of selection were practiced in each of two lines. One selection line was derived from a line that previously selected eight generations for an index to increase ovulation rate and embryonic survival (the IOL pigs). The other selection line was derived from the unselected control line of the index selection experiment (the COL pigs). The control line (C) was continued with random …

Designing A Terminal Area Bird Detection And Monitoring System Based On Asr-9 Data, Seth Troxel, Mark Isaminger, Beth Karl, Mark Weber, Arthur Levy

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Conflicts between birds and commercial aircraft are a noteworthy problem at both large and small airports [Cleary, 1999]. The risk factor for United States airports continues to increase due to the steady rise in take-off/landings and bird populations. There is a significant bird strike problem in the terminal area as shown by the incidents reported in the National Bird Strike Database [Cleary and Dolbeer, 1999]. The focus of bird strike mitigation in the past has centered primarily on wildlife management techniques. Recently, an Avian Hazard Advisory System (AHAS) has been developed to reduce the risks of bird strikes to military …

Development Of A Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard Program At Langley Afb, Virginia., Ted Sprague (Maj.), Stephen Kendrot

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Bird and other wildlife collisions with aircraft are frequently expensive and sometimes tragic. Each year, the US Air Force (USAF) reports an average of 2772 aircraft/bird strikes costing over 35 million dollars annually. Since 1985, 17 USAF planes have been destroyed and 32 airmen have lost their lives. Accordingly, the USAF invests heavily in preventing bird strikes and requires all Air Force bases to create a Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) plan. The BASH plan is tailored to each base and identifies key wildlife hazards, tasks required to mitigate hazards and personnel to oversee and implement the plan. The installation’s …

Bird Strike Risk Forecasting: A Modelling Approach, Wilhelm Ruhe

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

The German Military Geophysical Office (GMGO) issues BIRDTAM (Bird Warning to Airman) on the basis of current bird observations in order to reduce bird strike danger during low-level military missions. BIRDTAM force pilots to avoid or leave airspaces with high bird densities at the specific time period, therefore reducing bird strike danger significantly. However, BIRDTAM are depending on the actual observation of bird movements, are issued often unexpectedly, disturb the flight missions and can only display the risk situation with a validity of about 2 or 4 hours in advance. In order to be aware of possible bird related restrictions …