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Ecogeographic Surveys As Tools For Analyzing Potential Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms: An Example Using Solanum Juglandifolium Dunal, S. Ochranthum Dunal, S. Lycopersicoides Dunal, And S. Sitiens I. M. Johnston, Stacey Dewitt Smith, Iris Edith Peralta

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

An ecogeographic survey was completed for two pairs of South American Solanum species: (1) S. juglandifolium and S. ochranthum, and (2) S. lycopersicoides and S. sitiens. The purpose of this survey was to characterize the distribution, ecology, and phenology of these species and to screen for factors that might constitute premating reproductive isolating mechanisms between each pair. Passport data from 276 herbarium specimens were entered into a database, which was subsequently analyzed to determine the ecogeographic distribution and phenology of the surveyed species. The differences between species uncovered by the survey were then considered in the context of …

Wpa News 69 (2002), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (May 2002), number 69

Published by the World Pheasant Association

University Of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension Connect, May 2002

Connect (University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension)

Inside this issue:

pg. 3 Spanish computer classes
pg. 4 AgrAbility independence
pg. 7 Master Gardeners

Uses Of Antimicrobials In Plant Agriculture, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Bacterial diseases of plants are less prevalent than diseases caused by fungi and viruses. Antimicrobials for prophylactic treatment of bacterial diseases of plants are limited in availability, use, and efficacy, and therapeutic use is largely ineffective. Most applications are by spray treatments in orchards. Monitoring and surveillance for drug resistance are not routinely done. In the United States, data on use of antimicrobials for treatment of bacterial diseases of plants are limited to streptomycin and oxytetracycline. Resistance to streptomycin has become widespread among bacterial phytopathogens; no resistance among these bacteria has yet been reported for oxytetracycline. No human health effects …

Nebline, May 2002

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Farmers Learn About Biosolids!
2002 All-America Rose Selections
Walnut Caterpillar
Basil for Your Garden
Annual Vines in the Landscape
2002 May/June Garden Calendar
Ant Problems? Try a Baiting Approach
Workshop: Everything Homeowners Need to Know About Termite Control
2002 Household Hazardous Waste Collections
Backyard Wildlife: To Feed a Hummingbird
Cattail Control in Sewage Lagoons
Pesticide Disposal Program a Success
Storage Methods to Reduce Hay Losses
Latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map
Annual Observed Precipitation – Lincoln, NE (in inches, 1887-2001)
Herbicide Application
Maintain Drainfield for Long-Term Septic System Use
Controlling Dandelions
New Test For Lyme Disease
Lyme Disease and Tick Management …

Ecology Of The Missouri River. Progress Report, Dingell-Johnson Project F-75-R-19, Supplement 1- Missouri River Creel Survey, Camp Creek To Kansas State Line, 31 March Through 12 October 2001, Gerald Mestl

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This report describes Missouri River activities and results related to a channelized Missouri River creel survey conducted from 31 March through 12 October 2001. This is the second of a planned annual creel survey to be conducted on alternating sections of the channelized Missouri River to measure changes in recreational fishing activity, especially those changes due to large scale habitat restoration efforts. Future reports will contain additional analyses of these data. Anglers spent over 22,000 hours fishing the Missouri River from Camp Creek (rkm 883.5) to the Kansas state line (rkm 790.2) during the survey period. Effort peaked during the …

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Treatment Improves Properties Of Cast Films From Soy Protein Isolate, Jong W. Rhim, Aristippos Gennadios, Curtis Weller, Milford Hanna

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

The manufacture of edible/biodegradable films or coatings can potentially add value to soy protein. This study was conducted to determine the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on selected physical properties of glycerin-plasticized soy protein isolate (SPI) films. Films were cast from heated (70 °C for 20 min), alkaline (pH 10) aqueous solutions of SPI (5 g/100 ml water), glycerin (50% w/w of SPI), and SDS (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, or 40% w/w of SPI). Tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (E), moisture content (MC), total soluble matter (TSM), water vapor permeability (WVP), and color values (L, a, and …

Vectorial Acylation In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Zhiying Zou, Fumin Tong, Nils J. Færgeman, Claus Børsting, Paul N. Black, Concetta Dirusso

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fat1p and fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (FACS) are hypothesized to couple import and activation of exogenous fatty acids by a process called vectorial acylation. Molecular genetic and biochemical studies were used to define further the functional and physical interactions between these proteins. Multicopy extragenic suppressors were selected in strains carrying deletions in FAA1 and FAA4 or FAA1 and FAT1. Each strain is unable to grow under synthetic lethal conditions when exogenous long-chain fatty acids are required, and neither strain accumulates the fluorescent long-chain fatty acid C₁-BODIPY-C₁₂ indicating a fatty acid transport defect. By using these …

Isolation And Characterization Of Endophytic Colonizing Bacteria From Agronomic Crops And Prairie Plants, Denise K. Zinniel, Patricia A. Lambrecht, N. Beth Harris, Zhengyu Feng, Daniel Kuczmarski, Phyllis Higley, Carol A. Ishimaru, Alahari Arunakumari, Raul G. Barletta, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Endophytic bacteria reside within plant hosts without causing disease symptoms. In this study, 853 endophytic strains were isolated from aerial tissues of four agronomic crop species and 27 prairie plant species. We determined several phenotypic properties and found approximately equal numbers of gram-negative and gram-positive isolates. In a greenhouse study, 28 of 86 prairie plant endophytes were found to colonize their original hosts at 42 days postinoculation at levels of 3.5 to 7.7 log₁₀ CFU/g (fresh weight). More comprehensive colonization studies were conducted with 373 corn and sorghum endophytes. In growth room studies, none of the isolates displayed pathogenicity, …

Phylogenetic Analysis Based On 18s Ribosomal Rna Gene Sequences Supports The Existence Of Class Polyacanthocephala (Acanthocephala), Martin Garcia-Varela, Michael P. Cummings, Gerardo Perez-Ponce De Leon, Scott Lyell Gardner, Juan P. Laclette

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Members of phylum Acanthocephala are parasites of vertebrates and arthropods and are distributed worldwide. The phylum has traditionally been divided into three classes, Archiacanthocephala, Palaeacanthocephala, and Eoacanthocephala; a fourth class, Polyacanthocephala, has been recently proposed. However, erection of this new class, based on morphological characters, has been controversial. We sequenced the near complete 18S rRNA gene of Polyacanthorhynchus caballeroi (Polyacanthocephala) and Rhadinorhynchus sp. (Palaeacanthocephala); these sequences were aligned with another 21 sequences of acanthocephalans representing the three widely recognized classes of the phylum and with 16 sequences from outgroup taxa. Phylogenetic relationships inferred by maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony analyses showed Archiacanthocephala …

Taking Evoultionary Transitions Seriously, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The distinction between reversible and irreversible phenomena in biological information systems provides a basis for distinguishing microevolution from macroevolution. Biological transitions encompass the entire class of irreversible changes in biological systems, including physiological and developmental phenomena. Evolutionary transitions are the subset of biological transitions that have an impact on the quality and quantity of biological information transmitted to future generations. Evolutionary transitions are manifested empirically as macroevolutionary changes, i.e. evolutionary changes that can be detected only through phylogenetic analysis among groups of species sharing a unique common ancestry.

The Lacustrine Carbon Cycle As Illuminated By The Waters And Sediments Of Two Hydrologically Distinct Headwater Lakes In North-Central Minnesota, U.S.A., Walter E. Dean, Antje Schwalb

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The accumulation rates of CaCO₃ and organic carbon (OC) in lake sediments are delicately balanced between production in the epilimnion and destruction in the hypolimnion. The cycling of these two forms of carbon makes a ‘‘carbon pump’’ that greatly affects the biogeochemical cycles of other elements. To further understand these biogeochemical dynamics, the lakes, streams, and wetlands of the Shingobee River headwater area of north-central Minnesota have been subjected to intensive hydrologic and biogeochemical studies. Williams Lake, situated close to the highest point in the regional flow system, is hydrologically closed, with no surface inlet or outlet, and ground …

Isolation And Characterization Of Endophytic Colonizing Bacteria From Agronomic Crops And Prairie Plants, Denise K. Zinniel, Patricia A. Lambrecht, N. Beth Harris, Zhengyu Feng, Daniel Kuczmarski, Phyllis Higley, Carol A. Ishimaru, Alahari Arunakumari, Raul G. Barletta, Anne K. Vidaver

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Endophytic bacteria reside within plant hosts without causing disease symptoms. In this study, 853 endophytic strains were isolated from aerial tissues of four agronomic crop species and 27 prairie plant species. We determined several phenotypic properties and found approximately equal numbers of gram-negative and gram-positive isolates. In a greenhouse study, 28 of 86 prairie plant endophytes were found to colonize their original hosts at 42 days postinoculation at levels of 3.5 to 7.7 log₁₀ CFU/g (fresh weight). More comprehensive colonization studies were conducted with 373 corn and sorghum endophytes. In growth room studies, none of the isolates displayed pathogenicity, …

Characterization Of Fro1, A Pea Ferric-Chelate Reductase Involved In Root Iron Acquisition, Brian M. Waters, Dale G. Blevins, David J. Eide

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

To acquire iron, many plant species reduce soil Fe(III) to Fe(II) by Fe(III)-chelate reductases embedded in the plasma membrane of root epidermal cells. The reduced product is then taken up by Fe(II) transporter proteins. These activities are induced under Fe deficiency. We describe here the FRO₁ gene from pea (Pisum sativum), which encodes an Fe(III)-chelate reductase. Consistent with this proposed role, FRO₁ shows similarity to other oxidoreductase proteins, and expression of FRO₁ in yeast conferred increased Fe(III)-chelate reductase activity. Furthermore, FRO₁ mRNA levels in plants correlated with Fe(III)-chelate reductase activity. Sites of FRO_{1 …}

Accumulation Of Microbial Biomass Within Particulate Organic Matter Of Aging Golf Greens, Mine Kerek, Rhae A. Drijber, William L. Powers, Robert C. Shearman, Roch E. Gaussoin, Anne Streich

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Microbial biomass (MB) is a key variable controlling soil organic matter dynamics in soil. Currently, there is little information on the amount and significance of MB in highly managed golf greens. Our objective was to determine the amount and distribution of MB within soil structural components of golf greens and its relationship to the location of organic substrates. During 1996, 47 greens were sampled from 12 golf courses within Nebraska (USA). Microbial biomass, determined as extractable lipid phosphate on field-moist soils, increased linearly with age of green (Y = 19.39 + 3.54x; r² = 0.87, P = 0.001). In …

Reproduction In Captive Wild-Caught Coyotes (Canis Latrans), Jeffrey S. Green, Frederick F. Knowlton, William C. Pitt

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We assessed reproductive patterns of coyotes (Canis latrans) from a 12-year data set involving 24 pairs of captive animals acquired from Latah County, Idaho. None of the females had placental scars (fetal implantation sites) at 1 year of age, but over 80% had placental scars by 2 years of age. The fraction with placental scars remained at 80–90% through age 9 years and then declined to ,40% by age 12 years. Similarly, mean number of placental scars per female rose rapidly through 2–3 years of age, remained stable until age 8 years, and then progressively declined to a …

Composition And Method For The Prevention And Treatment Of Oxidative Damage In Ocular Tissues, Marjorie F. Lou, Nalini Raghavachari;, Fengyu Qiao

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Thioltransferase and derivatives thereof are provided. Methods of treating or preventing cataract formation comprosing administering thioltransferase or a derivative thereof are also provided. Thioltransferase or derivatives thereof are also useful for treating or preventing diseases resulting from or associated with oxidative stress. Human lens thioltransferase and a DNA sequence encoding the same are also provided.

Uncertainty Of Exploitation Estimates Made From Tag Returns, L.E. Miranda, R.E. Brock, Brian S. Dorr

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Over 6,000 crappies Pomoxis spp. were tagged in five water bodies to estimate exploitation rates by anglers. Exploitation rates were computed as the percentage of tags returned after adjustment for three sources of uncertainty: post-release mortality due to the tagging process, tag loss, and the reporting rate of tagged fish. Confidence intervals around exploitation rates were estimated by re-sampling from the probability distributions of tagging mortality, tag loss, and reporting rate. Estimates of exploitation rates ranged from 17% to 54% among the five study systems. Uncertainty around estimates of tagging mortality, tag loss, and reporting resulted in 90% confidence intervals …

Cropwatch No. 2002-7, April 26, 2002, Lisa Brown Jasa

Crop Watch (1994–2005)

Focus on: Grain sorghum

Inside

Updates …………62

Management calendar …………62

Field scout training………… 62

Controlling cattails …………63

Weevils in alfalfa………… 64

Sorghum production………… 65

Rotation, tillage effects …………66

Precip forecast………… 67

Musk thistle control………… 68

Cropwatch No. 2002-6, April 19, 2002, Lisa Brown Jasa

Crop Watch (1994–2005)

Inside: Focus on soybeans

Updates ................................... 52

Management calendar ....... ... 52

Soybean cyst nematode ........ 55

Alfalfa weevil scouting ......... 56

Prescribed burning ................ 56

Sprayer nozzles ...................... 57

Preemergent herbicides ........ 58

Wheat condition poor .... ....... 58

Early planting dates .............. 59

Irrigate alfalfa ......................... 60

State in drought .. .... ..... ........... 60

Termite workshops ................ 60

Susceptibility Of Sensory Neurons To Apoptosis Following Infection By Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1, Gustavo A. Delhon, Marcelo J. Gonzalez, Pablo R. Murcia

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Like other members of the alpha subfamily of herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) establishes latent infections in sensory neurons. BHV-1 induces apoptosis in lymphoid cells in vivo and in epithelial cell lines, but the ability of BHV- 1 to induce apoptosis in sensory neurons remains unknown. In this report, the susceptibility of rabbit ganglionic neurons to infection by BHV-1 was examined in vitro and in vivo. Following infection of cultured neurons with BHV-1, hallmarks of apoptosis such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation and membrane blebbing were detected. The appearance of these changes was preceded by active viral DNA …

Cropwatch No. 2002-4, April 5, 2002, Lisa Brown Jasa

Crop Watch (1994–2005)

Inside: Focus on Corn

Management calendar…………… 32

Market journal…………… 32

Setting plants & drills…………… 34

New early season insecticide options…………… 36

Pesticide cautioned with mixed crop pastures…………… 39

Plant alfalfa now…………… 39

Row-cleaning in no-till …………… 40

Applications Of Nmr To Structure-Based Drug Design In Structural Genomics, Robert Powers

Robert Powers Publications

Structural genomics is poised to have a tremendous impact on traditional structure-based drug design programs. As a result, there is a growing need to obtain rapid structural information in a reliable form that is amenable to rational drug design. In this manner, NMR has been expanding and evolving its role in aiding the design process. A variety of NMR methodologies that cover a range of inherent resolution are described in the context of structure-based drug design in the era of structural genomics.

The Improvement Of Water And Water-Dependent Resources Under The Great Lakes Charter Annex, Sandi Zellmer, David Gecas, Kori Anne Mann

Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications

The Governors of 8 states and Premiers of 2 Canadian provinces signed a supplementary agreement to the Great Lakes Charter on June 18, 2001. This agreement, known as the Annex or Annex 2001, established principles for a new decision making framework for reviewing proposed withdrawals of Great Lakes water. Annex 2001 is the first step toward a set of binding water management agreements to be negotiated by June 2004. Directive 3 of the Annex provides that proposals to withdraw water will not be approved unless they will produce "an improvement to the waters and water dependent natural resources of the …

Women's Studies University Of Nebraska-Lincoln Spring 2002, Joy Ritchie, Gwen Bedient

Women's and Gender Studies Program: Information and Materials

Women's Studies has been on the road this semester. As the cliche says, on each trip the journey was as important as the destination. In January several faculty members loaded into a huge van to participate in the first joint UNO, UNK, UNL Women's Studies Institute, where Barbara DiBernard led a very successful workshop on feminist pedagogy. Traveling away from our own classrooms and offices helped us as faculty to get acquainted with colleagues at other institutions and discuss the goals and challenges we all share. In March, Helen Moore and I with several students, braved an icy spring storm …

Influence Of Seismic Surveys On Western Gray Whales Off Sakhalin Island, Russia In 2001, David W. Weller, Yulia V. Ivashchenko, Grigory A. Tsidulko, Alexander M. Burdin, Robert L. Brownell Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Western gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) aggregate off the northeastern coast of Sakhalin Island, Russia during summer-autumn to feed on benthic and near-benthic prey. During summer 2001, 3D seismic surveys were conducted during a six-week period in known gray whale foraging areas off Sakhalin Island. To test the hypothesis that the distribution of gray whales on the feeding ground would shift away from nearby seismic surveying, we examined the number of whales and number of pods (dependent variables) sighted during systematic scans in relation to three independent variables (i.e. preseismic, seismic, post-seismic). Results showed the main effect of condition …

Water Current, Volume 34, No. 2. April 2002

Water Current Newsletter

• Majority of Livestock Waste Lagoons Pose No Risk to Groundwater Pollution by Steve Ress

• Meet the Faculty

• Do Upstream Landowners Sacrifice Too Much For Downstream Protection? By Stan Staab

• The U.S. EPA on Water-Supply Security

• The Proposed Nebraska New Depletions Plan by J. David Aiken and Jim Cook

• Water News Briefs

Climate Change Impacts On U.S. Coastal And Marine Ecosystems, Donald Scavia, John C. Field, Donald F. Boesch, Robert W. Buddemeier, Virginia Burkett, Daniel R. Cayan, Michael Fogarty, Mark A. Harwell, Robert W. Howarth, Curt Mason, Denise J. Reed, Thomas C. Royer, Asbury H. Sallenger, James G. Titus

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Increases in concentrations of greenhouse gases projected for the 21st century are expected to lead to increased mean global air and ocean temperatures. The National Assessment of Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change (NAST 2001) was based on a series of regional and sector assessments. This paper is a summary of the coastal and marine resources sector review of potential impacts on shorelines, estuaries, coastal wetlands, coral reefs, and ocean margin ecosystems. The assessment considered the impacts of several key drivers of climate change: sea level change; alterations in precipitation patterns and subsequent delivery of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment; …

Ard News April 2002

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:

Comments from the Dean
Writing Grad Research Objectives
CSREES Research Budget (FY 2001 - 2003)
NABC Report 13
Proposals Submitted for Federal Grants
IANR Successes: Impact 2002
Grants and Contracts Received February 2002
Nebraska Farm Income Statistics, 1990-2000
New, Revised or Extended Research Projects
President's Budget Recommendations for Research and Development in FY 2003
2001 Graduate Student Survey - January 2002

White-Tailed Deer Browsing On Six Shrub Species Of Tallgrass Prairie, Dirk-Jan Van Der Hoek, Alan K. Knapp, John M. Briggs, Jan Bokdam

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations have in the past, and continue today, to increase in the Great Plains and North America. However, their impact on native plant species and endangered ecosystems such as the tallgrass prairie is poorly documented. To better understand the consequences of increasing deer numbers for native shrubs in grasslands, we assessed the extent of their summer browsing activity on six shrub species (wild plum, rough-leaved dogwood, smooth sumac, fragrant sumac, and coralberry) along transects that spanned riparian margins to upland tallgrass prairie. The proportion of terminal shoots browsed was quantified along established white-tail deer …