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Acquaintance Rape Of College Students, Rana Sampson

United States Public Health Resources

Rape is the most common violent crime on American college campuses today. This guide describes the problem of acquaintance rape of college students, addressing its scope, causes and contributing factors; methods for analyzing it on a particular campus; tested responses; and measures for assessing response effectiveness. With this information, police and public safety officers can more effectively prevent the problem.
Researchers believe that college rape prevention programs, including the most widely used ones, are insufficient. Most rapes are unreported, perhaps giving campus administrators and police the false impression that current efforts are adequate. In addition, campus police may be influenced …

Black Enclaves Of Violence: Race And Homicide In Great Plains Cities, 1890-1920, Clare V. Mckanna Jr.

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

These killings, occurring three years apart in Coffeyville, Kansas, offer bookend images of interracial homicides in the Great Plains. In the first shooting, Charles Vann, a black man and the victim, had been drinking at Walnut and Eleventh Streets in the "tenderloin" district, a black neighborhood in Coffeyville. This region, near the railroad yards, provided entertainment for black customers and occasionally whites in saloons, brothels, and gambling parlors. William Rodecker, a white male horse trader, had just arrived from Missouri and started drinking heavily in this area. About 8 P.M. Rodecker accosted Vann at the corner of Twelfth and Walnut …

Court Review: Volume 40, Issue 2 - Judicial Report On The Adjudication And Sanctioning Of Hard-Core Drinking Drivers, Robyn Robertson, Herb Simpson

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Impaired driving is the most frequently committed crime in America. It has been an issue of debate and concern for the judiciary, as courtrooms across the country hear cases involving a majority of the 1.4 million annual DWI arrests. Since the early 1980s, concerned citizens have lobbied for and won considerable changes to the way these cases are approached from a public-policy perspective, often resulting in legislative initiatives and changes in criminal practice. Until now, however, little comprehensive research has been conducted on the implications of these system-wide changes for criminal justice professionals.

In December 2002, the Traffic Injury Research …

Court Review: Volume 40, Issue 2 - Complete Issue

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

No abstract provided.

Court Review: Volume 40, Issue 2 - Recent Criminal Decisions Of The United States Supreme Court: The 2002-2003 Term, Charles H. Whitebread

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

In criminal cases, this term of the United States Supreme Court had several important decisions, but no landmark cases. The Court continued to favor law enforcement. One significant development was the substantial impact of section 2254(d) of the Anti-terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act is having in closing the door of federal courts to state prisoners petitioning for the writ of habeas corpus. Here are several of the important criminal decisions decided this term.

Perceptions Of Safety And Crime In Rural Nebraska, John C. Allen, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell

Publications from the Center for Applied Rural Innovation (CARI)

There is a common perception that rural areas are generally safer compared to urban areas. However, many changes are occurring in rural Nebraska. Increased media attention has been given to methamphetamine use in rural areas of the state. Given all that, how safe do rural Nebraskans feel? Do they believe crime has increased in their community? Do their opinions differ by their region, size of their community or their occupation?

This report details 3,087 responses to the 2003 Nebraska Rural Poll, the eighth annual effort to understand rural Nebraskans’ perceptions. Respondents were asked a series of questions about personal safety. …

Children At Clandestine Methamphetamine Labs: Helping Meth’S Youngest Victims, Karen Swetlow

Center on Children, Families, and the Law (and Related Organizations): Publications

Contents:

Message from the Director
What Is Methamphetamine?
Meth Production Site: Not Really a Laboratory
Methamphetamine Trends in the United States
Dangers to Children Living at Meth Labs
Children Involved in Methamphetamine Lab-Related Incidents in the United States
Children Found in Meth Lab Homes
Multidisciplinary Teams: Elements of Success
Promising Practices in the Field
Conclusion

Court Review: Volume 40, Issue 1 - A Survey Of Judges’ Knowledge And Beliefs About Eyewitness Testimony, Richard A. Wise, Martin A. Safer

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Forensic DNA testing suggests that potentially large numbers of innocent persons are being convicted of crimes. Case studies conducted both prior to and following the advent of DNA testing indicate that eyewitness error is at least partially responsible for the majority of wrongful convictions. Empirical research has shown which factors contribute to eyewitness error and has identified procedural changes that could be made in the criminal justice system to significantly reduce the number of erroneous eyewitness identifications.

We report the results of a brief survey of what U.S. judges know and believe about eyewitness testimony. The present survey highlights what …

Court Review: Volume 40, Issue 1 - Complete Issue

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

No abstract provided.

Community Correlates Of Rural Youth Violence, D. Wayne Osgood, Jeff M. Chambers

Center on Children, Families, and the Law: Faculty Publications

Rates of crime and delinquency vary widely across communities, and research going back many decades provides a good understanding of the nature, correlates, and probable causes of these community differences. Unfortunately, previous studies have been limited in an important way. Virtually all studies of communities and crime are based on large urban areas, almost totally excluding nonmetropolitan areas—that is, rural areas and smaller cities and towns. The findings in this Bulletin help to fill some gaps in the research by examining variations in rates of juvenile violence across nonmetropolitan communities in Florida, Georgia, Nebraska, and South Carolina.

Social disorganization is …

Pregnancy, Drug Testing, And The Fourth Amendment: Legal And Behavioral Implications, Brian H. Bornstein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

In its efforts to protect the health of unborn children, the government is increasingly attempting to regulate pregnant women’s conduct. As with other policies affecting pregnant women’s autonomy, these policies have constitutional overtones. In Ferguson v. City of Charleston (2001), the Supreme Court struck down a South Carolina hospital’s policy of testing pregnant women for cocaine and turning positive results over to law enforcement for prosecution. This article discusses the basis of the decision and its legal and behavioral implications. Although the decision came down on the side of pregnant women’s rights, it left unresolved the issue of whether a …

Preliminary Evaluation Of The Lancaster County Indigency Screener Project, Alan Tomkins, Elizabeth Neeley

University of Nebraska Public Policy Center: Publications

In January 2001, a three-year Indigency Screener pilot project was initiated in Lancaster County for the purposes of assessing:
1) The advisability of a uniform rule developed to clarify defendant eligibility for courtappointed counsel.
2) A standardized form for documenting eligibility for appointed counsel.
3) The use of dedicated county court staff to obtain financial information from a defendant and verify the information submitted by a defendant in support of his/her claim of indigency.

This report is a Preliminary Evaluation of the project. The Preliminary Evaluation is based primarily on information obtained from interviews with key stakeholders, courtroom observations of …

Real Choice Data Team Recommendations On Creating A Statewide Information Resource For Human Services

University of Nebraska Public Policy Center: Publications

Information and referral services are an important point of entry for persons seeking appropriate human services options. Across Nebraska, several key initiatives have begun laying the groundwork for statewide collaboration in data collection, sharing, and promotion activities. Consensus is emerging that developing a comprehensive, collaborative, statewide, health and human services database is both desirable and feasible.

Under the aegis of a Nebraska Health and Human Services System Real Choice grant from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the state convened a working group to help envision the elements that should comprise a statewide resource database. The working group, the …

The Nebraska Minority And Justice Task Force (Final Report)

University of Nebraska Public Policy Center: Publications

Table of Contents:
Inside Cover
Quote
Table of Contents
Minority and Justice Task Force
Chairs
Members
Research Staff
Acknowledgements
Definitions
Executive Summary
Access to Justice
Criminal and Juvenile Justice
Court Personnel
Legal Profession
General Recommendations
Introduction
Study Design
Implications
Chapter 1: Access to Justice
Chapter 2: Criminal and Juvenile Justice
Chapter 3: Court Personnel
Chapter 4: Legal Profession
Chapter 5: Research Methods
Summary of Recommendations
Citations
Case Citations
Literature Citations
Statute Citations
Appendix A: Survey of the Nebraska Public
Appendix B: Survey of Selected Jurors
Appendix C: Survey of Court Personnel
Appendix D: Survey of Nebraska State Bar Association Members

Documentation Of Violence Risk Information In Psychiatric Hospital Patient Charts: An Empirical Examination, Eric B. Elbogen, Alan J. Tomkins, Antara P. Pothuloori, Mario Scalora

University of Nebraska Public Policy Center: Publications

Studies have identified risk factors that show a strong association with violent behavior in psychiatric populations. Yet, little research has been conducted on the documentation of violence risk information in actual clinical practice, despite the relevance of such documentation to risk assessment liability and to conducting effective risk management. In this study, the documentation of cues of risk for violence were examined in psychiatric settings. Patient charts (n = 283) in four psychiatric settings were reviewed for documentation of violence risk information
summarized in the MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment Study. The results revealed that particular patient and institutional variables influenced …

Perceptions Of Safety And Crime In Rural Nebraska, Rebecca J. Vogt

Nebraska Rural Poll

Investing in the Future of Nebraska’s Rural Communities

Court Review: Volume 39, Issue 4 - The Federal Sentencing Guidelines: An Infectious Antidote, Rosalind Alexis Sargent

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Why should a bank robber in California get a different sentence than a bank robber in Texas? This was the rallying cry behind the legislative implementation of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. The Senate Judiciary Committee found that a major source of the astounding variations in federal sentencing for identical crimes was the “judge factor.” Federal judges had the discretion to select a sentence from anywhere within a broad statutory range for each offense. The judge had the sole responsibility of assessing each individual offender and deciding where, within that broad range, the offender should receive a sentence. As a result, …

Court Review: Volume 39, Issue 4 - The Ignition Interlock System: An Evidentiary Tool Becomes A Sentencing Element, Andrew Fulkerson

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Technology is becoming an increasingly pervasive aspect of the criminal justice system. One of the earliest technological innovations in the investigation of crimes was the use of fingerprints for identification of suspects. Fingerprinting began as an investigatory tool and by the early 20th century was accepted as scientific evidence in court proceedings.

Courts now increasingly rely upon expert witnesses to explain scientific evidence, which is often critical in the decision- making process for criminal and civil courts. While technology has routinely been utilized as both investigatory and evidentiary devices, only in the last decade has a technological device made the …

Court Review: Volume 39, Issue 4 - The Ignition Interlock System: An Evidentiary Tool Becomes A Sentencing Element, Andrew Fulkerson

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Technology is becoming an increasingly pervasive aspect of the criminal justice system. One of the earliest technological innovations in the investigation of crimes was the use of fingerprints for identification of suspects. Fingerprinting began as an investigatory tool and by the early 20th century was accepted as scientific evidence in court proceedings. Courts now increasingly rely upon expert witnesses to explain scientific evidence, which is often critical in the decision- making process for criminal and civil courts. While technology has routinely been utilized as both investigatory and evidentiary devices, only in the last decade has a technological device made the …

An Accuser-Obligation Approach To The Confrontation Clause, Sherman J. Clark

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction . . . . . 1258

II. Refocusing Confrontation Analysis . . . . . 1259

III. The Meaning of Confrontation . . . . . 1264

IV. A Witness-Focused Doctrine . . . . . 1271

A. The Unavailability Requirement . . . . . 1274

B. Dying Declarations . . . . . 1277

C. Declarations Against Interest . . . . . 1278

D. Child Witnesses . . . . . 1280

V . Conclusion . . . . . 1285

Web-Based Research: Methodological Variables' Effects On Dropout And Sample Characteristicsweb-Based Research: Methodological Variables' Effects On Dropout And Sample Characteristics, Kevin M. O'Neil, Steven D. Penrod, Brian H. Bornstein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Previous research has made a beginning in addressing the importance of methodological differences in Web-based research. The present paper presents four studies investigating whether sample type, financial incentives, time when personal information is requested, table design, and method of obtaining informed consent influence dropout and sample characteristics (both demographics and measured attitudes). Undergraduates were less likely to drop out than nonstudents, and nonstudents offered a financial incentive were less likely to drop out than those offered no incentive. Complex tables, tables that were too wide, requests for personal information on the first page, and the imposing of additional informed consent …

Actual Innocents: Considerations In Selecting Cases For A New Innocence Project, Daniel S. Medwed

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction . . . . . 1098

II. Practical Considerations . . . . . 1102

A. Defining Your Scope: Determining What Kinds of Cases You Want . . . . . 1103

1. Substance: Limitations on Case Content . . . . . 1104

2. Form: Procedural, Jurisdictional, and Other Limitations . . . . . 1109

B. Putting Theory into Practice: How Do You Get the Cases You Want? . . . . . 1114

1. Inflow: Gathering Prospective Innocence Claims . . . . . 1114

2. Outflow: Procedures for Evaluating Potential Cases . . . …

A Fly In The Sugar Of Tradition: An African American Professor's Attempt To Educate Future Police Officers On A Predominantly White College Campus, Michael A. Mcmorris

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 7th Annual National Conference (2002)

This presentation explores challenges faced by an African American professor, as he prepares future criminal justice practitioners for careers in a multicultural society. Specifically, curricula issues, academic freedom, internal/external controls and power struggles, relative to teaching in a predominantly White Institution, are discussed. Solution-focused strategies are also presented.

The Nadca Probe, Issue 225

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Beaver Management- Nevada 1942-1943

CALENDAR OF UPCOMING EVENTS

If I think an animal may have been poisoned or exposed to a toxin, is there a source of information-a non-human animal poison control center?

"The Critter Control Handbook: Pro Secrets for Stopping Sneaky Squirrels & Other Crafty Critters in Their Tracks" by Dan "The Critter Man" Hershey.

U.S. Sportsmen's Alliance Launches Assault on an Animal Rights Movement

Rodent Rabies - Bolivia

Counter Terrorism Includes Animal Rights and Eco-Violence

International Perspectives On Restorative And Community Justice, Alan Tomkins, Mark A. Small

Alan Tomkins Publications

Legal systems across the globe have attempted to accommodate to our new understandings of human behavior, evolving notions of fairness, and increasing recognitions by Western jurists that the law sits within, not apart from, the complexities of societies. One manifestation of legal system change has been the attempt to alter legal institutional structures and practices in order to better address the overlap of justice and social concerns, often drawing from culture contexts previously ignored by Western bureaucracies (see, e.g., Levine, 2000, discussing the Maori roots of family group conferencing practices). The interest in restorative justice and community justice is, in …

Court Review: Volume 39, Issue 3 - Going To Scale: A Conversation About The Future Of Drug Courts, Greg Berman

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Drug courts are the most prominent example of a wave of “problem-solving” innovation that has sought to change the way courts operate in this country. Alongside drug courts, domestic violence courts, community courts, family treatment courts, mental health courts, and other specialized courts are using the authority of the judicial branch in new ways—in an effort to improve outcomes for victims, communities, and defendants. These problem-solving courts employ new tools and new methods— such as requiring defendants to appear regularly before judges to report on their compliance with court orders, or adding social scientists, drug treatment counselors, and other service …

Court Review: Volume 39, Issue 3 - Complete Issue

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

No abstract provided.

Court Review: Volume 39, Issue 3 - President’S Column, Francis X. Halligan Jr.

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Since assuming the presidency in Maui last September, I have been invited to attend numerous meetings of other organizations. The AJA reciprocates by inviting the president of these organizations to attend our meetings. This interaction between the AJA and these organizations provides for a closer working relationship between the respective memberships. Listed below are some of the meetings I have attended and a brief description of what occurred at these conferences.

Court Review: Volume 39, Issue 2 - The Parenting Of Men Who Batter, Lundy Bancroft

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

The published research on children’s exposure to domestic violence focuses largely on two aspects of their experience: the trauma of witnessing physical assaults against their mother, and the tension produced by living with a high level of conflict between their parents. As important as these factors are, they reflect only one aspect of many complex problems that typically pervade the children’s daily lives. The bulk of these difficulties have their roots in the fact that the children are living with a batterer present in their home. The parenting characteristics commonly observed in batterers have implications for the children’s emotional and …

Court Review: Volume 39, Issue 2 - Making A Difference: Tools To Help Judges Support The Healing Of Children Exposed To Domestic Violence, Lavita Nadkarni, Barbara Zeek Shaw

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Domestic violence has emerged from the privacy of one’s own home, where only the victims were aware of the abuse, to more public domains, where one can witness the impact of such abuse on society through our court system. Judges, in both the civil and criminal arenas, exercise considerable power in instituting a wide range of possible dispositions in cases involving domestic violence. The Family Violence Prevention Fund’s National Judicial Education Advisory Committee concluded that judges made the most significant decisions affecting the lives of victims, abusers, and their children. Judges can also play a significant role in shaping society’s …