Digital Commons Network^™

Host Utilization Of The Endoparasitoid, Cotesia Glomerata L. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) In Different Instars Of Pierls Brassicae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), M. I. Ullah, Muhammad Arshad, S. Ali, Yasir Iftikhar, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Pieris brassicae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) is a destructive pest of brassicaceous plants around the world. Biological control of this pest has attained much attention being environment friendly. Parasitism rate and growth of the endoparasitoid species, Cotesia glomerata L. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was studied on first (L 1) and second (L2) larval instars of P. brassicae. Adult fresh mass and developmental time of the parasitoid was higher when it parasitized L1 than L2 of host larvae. Thus, host instars contributed significant variations to parasitoids adult mass accumulation during their development. Parasitized host caterpillars in L2 grew significantly larger than in L1 …

Emergence Of A Potent Multidrug Efflux Pump Variant That Enhances Campylobacter Resistance To Multiple Antibiotics, Hong Yao, Zhangql Shen, Yang Wang, Fengru Deng, Dejun Liu, Gaowa Naren, Lel Dal, Chih-Chia Su, Bing Wang, Shaolin Wang, Congming Wu, Edward W. Yu, Qijing Zhang, Jianzhong Shen

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Bacterial antibiotic efflux pumps are key players in antibiotic resistance. Although their role in conferring multidrug resistance is well documented, the emergence of “super” efflux pump variants that enhance bacterial resistance to multiple drugs has not been reported. Here, we describe the emergence of a resistance-enhancing variant (named RE-CmeABC) of the predominant efflux pump CmeABC in Campylobacter, a major zoonotic pathogen whose resistance to antibiotics is considered a serious antibiotic resistance threat in the United States. Compared to the previously characterized CmeABC transporters, RECmeABC is much more potent in conferring Campylobacter resistance to antibiotics, which was shown by increased …

Sequence-Based Methods For Detecting And Evaluating The Human Gut Mycobiome, Mallory J. Suhr, Nabaraj Banjara, Heather E. Hallen-Adams

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

We surveyed the fungal microbiota in 16 fecal samples from healthy humans with a vegetarian diet. Fungi were identified using molecular cloning, 454 pyrosequencing and a Luminex analyte specific reagent (ASR) assay, all targeting the ITS region of the rRNA genes. Fungi were detected in each fecal sample and at least 46 distinct fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected, from two phyla — Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Fusarium was the most abundant genus, followed by Malassezia, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Candida. Commonly detected fungi such as Aspergillus and Penicillium, as well as known dietary fungi Agaricus bisporus and …

Conformational Stability Of Digestion-Resistant Peptides Of Peanut Conglutins Reveals The Molecular Basis Of Their Allergenicity, Danijela Apostolovic, Dragana Stanic-Vucinic, Harmen H.J. De Jongh, Govardus A.H. De Jong, Jelena Radosavljevic, Milica Radibratovic, Julie A. Nordlee, Joseph L. Baumert, Milos Milcic, Steve L. Taylor, Nuria Garrido Clua, Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic, Stef J. Koppelman

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Conglutins represent the major peanut allergens and are renowned for their resistance to gastrointestinal digestion. Our aim was to characterize the digestion-resistant peptides (DRPs) of conglutins by biochemical and biophysical methods followed by a molecular dynamics simulation in order to better understand the molecular basis of food protein allergenicity. We have mapped proteolysis sites at the N- and C-termini and at a limited internal segment, while other potential proteolysis sites remained unaffected. Molecular dynamics simulation showed that proteolysis only occurred in the vibrant regions of the proteins. DRPs appeared to be conformationally stable as intact conglutins. Also, the overall secondary …

Prebiotics And Synbiotics: Dietary Strategies For Improving Gut Health, Janina A. Krumbeck, Maria X. Maldonado-Gomez, Amanda E. Ramer-Tait, Robert W. Hutkins

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Purpose of review — A wide range of dietary carbohydrates, including prebiotic food ingredients, fermentable fibers, and milk oligosaccharides, are able to produce significant changes in the intestinal microbiota. These shifts in the microbial community are often characterized by increased levels of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. More recent studies have revealed that species of Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia, and other less well studied members may also be enriched. We review the implications of these recent studies on future design of prebiotics and synbiotics to promote gastrointestinal health.

Recent findings — Investigations assessing the clinical outcomes associated with dietary modification of the …

Wolf (Canis Lupus) Generation Time And Proportion Of Current Breeding Females By Age, L. David Mech, Shannon M. Barber-Meyer, John Erb

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Information is sparse about aspects of female wolf (Canis lupus) breeding in the wild, including age of first reproduction, mean age of primiparity, generation time, and proportion of each age that breeds in any given year. We studied these subjects in 86 wolves (113 captures) in the Superior National Forest (SNF), Minnesota (MN), during 1972–2013 where wolves were legally protected for most of the period, and in 159 harvested wolves from throughout MN wolf range during 2012–2014. Breeding status of SNF wolves were assessed via nipple measurements, and wolves from throughout MN wolf range, by placental scars. In …

Field Damage Of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) With Reduced Lignin Levels By Naturally Occurring Insect Pests And Pathogens, Patrick F. Dowd, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Scott E. Sattler

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) brown midrib (bmr) mutant lines have reduced levels of lignin, which is a potentially useful trait for bioenergy production, but the effects of this trait on insect and plant pathogen interactions are unknown under field conditions. Field-grown bmr6, bmr12, and wild-type (WT) plants were examined for insect and disease damage. In most cases, observed frequency, population, or leaf area damage caused by insects or pathogens on bmr6 or bmr12 plants were not greater than those observed on WT plants in the field or laboratory assays. European corn borers [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)(Lepidoptera: …

Horizontal Gene Acquisitions, Mobile Element Proliferation, And Genome Decay In The Host-Restricted Plant Pathogen Erwinia Tracheiphila, Lori R. Shapiro, Erin D. Scully, Timonthy J. Straub, Jihye Park, Andrew G. Stephenson, Gwyn A. Beattie, Mark L. Gleason, Roberto Kolter, Miguel C. Coelho, Consuelo M. De Moraes, Mark C. Mescher, Olga Zhaxybayeva

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Modern industrial agriculture depends on high-density cultivation of genetically similar crop plants, creating favorable conditions for the emergence of novel pathogens with increased fitness in managed compared with ecologically intact settings. Here, we present the genome sequence of six strains of the cucurbit bacterial wilt pathogen Erwinia tracheiphila (Enterobacteriaceae) isolated from infected squash plants in New York, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, and Michigan. These genomes exhibit a high proportion of recent horizontal gene acquisitions, invasion and remarkable amplification of mobile genetic elements, and pseudogenization of approximately 20% of the coding sequences. These genome attributes indicate that E. tracheiphila recently emerged as a …

Nutrients In The Nexus, Eric A. Davidson, Rachel L. Nifong, Richard B. Ferguson, Cheryl Palm, Deanna L. Osmond, Jill S. Baron

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer has enabled modern agriculture to greatly improve human nutrition during the twentieth century, but it has also created unintended human health and environmental pollution challenges for the twentyfirst century. Averaged globally, about half of the fertilizer-N applied to farms is removed with the crops, while the other half remains in the soil or is lost from farmers’ fields, resulting in water and air pollution. As human population continues to grow and food security improves in the developing world, the dual development goals of producing more nutritious food with low pollution will require both technological and socioeconomic …

Alkaline Stress And Iron Deficiency Regulate Iron Uptake And Riboflavin Synthesis Gene Expression Differently In Root And Leaf Tissue: Implications For Iron Deficiency Chlorosis, En-Jung Hsieh, Brian M. Waters

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Iron (Fe) is an essential mineral that has low solubility in alkaline soils, where its deficiency results in chlorosis. Whether low Fe supply and alkaline pH stress are equivalent is unclear, as they have not been treated as separate variables in molecular physiological studies. Additionally, molecular responses to these stresses have not been studied in leaf and root tissues simultaneously. We tested how plants with the Strategy I Fe uptake system respond to Fe deficiency at mildly acidic and alkaline pH by measuring root ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activity and expression of selected Fe uptake genes and riboflavin synthesis genes. …

Corn Response To Nitrogen Management Under Fully-Irrigated Vs. Water-Stressed Conditions, Bijesh Maharjan, Carl J. Rosen, John A. Lamb, Rodney T. Venterea

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Characterizing corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield (GY) response to N is critical for maximizing profits, increasing N use efficiency and minimizing environmental impacts. Although a large database of GY response to N exists for highly productive soils, few data exist for less productive soils. While changes in precipitation are expected in the future, few studies have compared GY response to varying N management practices under conditions of varying water availability. We measured GY and basal stalk nitrate nitrogen (BSN) at harvest using split-applied urea at eight N rates under fully-irrigated (FI) and water-stressed (WS) conditions in a loamy …

Inter-Row Robot Navigation Using 1d Ranging Sensors, Tyler A. Troyer, Santosh Pitla, Ethan Nutter

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

In this paper a fuzzy logic navigation controller for an inter-row agricultural robot is developed and evaluated in laboratory settings. The controller receives input from one-dimensional (1D) ranging sensors on the robotic platform, and operated on ten fuzzy rules for basic row-following behavior. The control system was implemented on basic hardware for proof of concept and operated on a commonly available microcontroller development platform and open source software libraries. The robot platform used for experimentation was a small tracked vehicle with differential steering control. Fuzzy inferencing and defuzzification, step response and cross track error were obtained from the test conducted …

Fatty Acid Transport Proteins: Targeting Fatp2 As A Gatekeeper Involved In The Transport Of Exogenous Fatty Acids, Paul N. Black, Constance Ahowesso, David Montefusco, Nipun Saini, Concetta C. Dirusso

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

The fatty acid transport proteins (FATP) are classified as members of the solute carrier 27 (Slc27) family of proteins based on their ability to function in the transport of exogenous fatty acids. These proteins, when localized to the plasma membrane or at intracellular membrane junctions with the endoplasmic reticulum, function as a gate in the regulated transport of fatty acids and thus represent a therapeutic target to delimit the acquisition of fatty acids that contribute to disease as in the case of fatty acid overload. To date, FATP1, FATP2, and FATP4 have been used as targets in the selection of …

Caloric Restriction Of Db/Db Mice Reverts Hepatic Steatosis And Body Weight With Divergent Hepatic Metabolism, Kyung Eun Kim, Youngae Jung, Soonki Min, Miso Nam, Rok Won Heo, Byeong Tak Jeon, Dae Hyun Song, Chin-Ok Yi, Eun Ae Jeong, Hwajin Kim, Jeonghyun Kim, Seon-Yong Jeong, Woori Kwak, Do Hyun Ryu, Tamas L. Horvath, Gu Seob Roh, Geum-Sook Hwang

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent causes of liver disease and its prevalence is a serious and growing clinical problem. Caloric restriction (CR) is commonly recommended for improvement of obesity-related diseases such as NAFLD. However, the effects of CR on hepatic metabolism remain unknown. We investigated the effects of CR on metabolic dysfunction in the liver of obese diabetic db/db mice. We found that CR of db/db mice reverted insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, body weight and adiposity to those of db/m mice. H-NMR- and UPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolite profiling data showed significant metabolic alterations related to lipogenesis, …

Evidence For Pipecolate Oxidase In Mediating Protection Against Hydrogen Peroxide Stress, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Ezhumalai Muthukrishnan, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Justin L. Mott, Donald F. Becker

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Pipecolate, an intermediate of the lysine catabolic pathway, is oxidized to Δ¹-piperideine-6-carboxylate (P6C) by the flavoenzyme lpipecolate oxidase (PIPOX). P6C spontaneously hydrolyzes to generate α-aminoadipate semialdehyde, which is then converted into α-aminoadipate acid by α-aminoadipatesemialdehyde dehydrogenase. l-pipecolate was previously reported to protect mammalian cells against oxidative stress. Here, we examined whether PIPOX is involved in the mechanism of pipecolate stress protection. Knockdown of PIPOX by small interference RNA abolished pipecolate protection against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in HEK293 cells suggesting a critical role for PIPOX. Subcellular fractionation analysis showed that PIPOX is localized in the mitochondria of HEK293 …

Candida Albicans Isw2 Regulates Chlamydospore Suspensor Cell Formation And Virulence In Vivo In A Mouse Model Of Disseminated Candidiasis, Dhammika Navarathna, Ruvini U. Pathirana, Michail S. Lionakis, Kenneth W. Nickerson, David D. Roberts

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Formation of chlamydospores by Candida albicans was an established medical diagnostic test to confirm candidiasis before the molecular era. However, the functional role and pathological relevance of this in vitro morphological transition to pathogenesis in vivo remain unclear. We compared the physical properties of in vitro-induced chlamydospores with those of large C. albicans cells purified by density gradient centrifugation from Candida infected mouse kidneys. The morphological and physical properties of these cells in kidneys of mice infected intravenously with wild type C. albicans confirmed that chlamydospores can form in infected kidneys. A previously reported chlamydospore-null Δisw2/ …

Experimental Microbial Evolution Of Extremophiles, Paul H. Blum, Deepak Rudrappa, Raghuveer Singh, Samuel Mccarthy, Benjamin J. Pavlik

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Experimental microbial evolutions (EME) involves studying closely a microbial population after it has been through a large number of generations under controlled conditions (Kussell 2013). Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) selects for fitness under experimentally imposed conditions (Bennett and Hughes 2009; Dragosits and Mattanovich 2013). However, experimental evolution studies focusing on the contributions of genetic drift and natural mutation rates to evolution are conducted under non-selective conditions to avoid changes imposed by selection (Hindré et al. 2012).

To understand the application of experimental evolutionary methods to extremophiles it is essential to consider the recent growth in this field over the last …

A Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Strain Evades A Major Caenorhabditis Elegans Defense Pathway, Corin V. White, Brian J. Darby, Robert J. Breeden, Robert J. Breeden, Michael A. Herman

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a ubiquitous bacterium and an emerging nosocomial pathogen. This bacterium is resistant to many antibiotics, associated with a number of infections, and a significant health risk, especially for immunocompromised patients. Given that Caenorhabditis elegans shares many conserved genetic pathways and pathway components with higher organisms, the study of its interaction with bacterial pathogens has biomedical implications. S. maltophilia has been isolated in association with nematodes from grassland soils, and it is likely that C. elegans encounters this bacterium in nature. We found that a local S. maltophilia isolate, JCMS, is more virulent than the other S. maltophilia …

Water Security And Rainwater Harvesting: A Conceptual Framework And Candidate Indicators, Patrick Bitterman, Eric Tate, Kimberly J. Meter, Nandita B. Basu

Geography Program: Faculty Publications

Rainwater-harvesting tanks (reservoirs) in Tamil Nadu, India support agricultural livelihoods, mitigate water insecurity, and enable ecosystem services. However, many tanks have fallen into disrepair, as private wells have supplanted collectively managed tanks as the dominant irrigation source. Meanwhile, encroachment by peri-urban development, landless farmers, and Prosopis juliflora has reduced inflow and tank capacity. This exploratory study presents a conceptual framework and proposed indicator set for measuring water security in the context of rainwater harvesting tanks. The primary benefits of tanks and threats to their functionality are profiled as a precursor to construction of a causal network of water security. The …

Evaluating Categories Of Resistance In Soybean Genotypes From The United States And Brazil To Aphis Glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Edison L. L. Baldin, Lia Marchi-Werle, Luiz E.R. Pannuti, Andre L. Lourencao, Tiffany M. Heng-Moss, Thomas E. Hunt

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), the soybean aphid, has become an important pest of soybeans, leading to significant yield losses in the United States. Host plant resistance is a viable alternative for managing A. glycines. The objectives of this study were to identify and categorize sources of resistance in soybean to A. glycines on genotypes from the United States and Brazil. An antixenosis assay was initially conducted with 8 genotypes to evaluate attractiveness to A. glycines. The selected soybean genotypes were further evaluated in a colonization assay to investigate the resistance of the genotypes at V1 (fully developed …

Parental Rnai Suppression Of Hunchback Gene To Control Hemipteran Pests, Blair D. Siegfried, Kenneth E. Narva, Kanika Arora, Sarah E. Worden, Chitvan Khajuria, Elane Fishilevich, Nicholas P. Storer, Meghan Frey, Ronda L. Hamm, Ana Velez

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

This disclosure concerns nucleic acid molecules and methods of use thereof for control of hemipteran pests through RNA interference-mediated inhibition of target coding and transcribed non-coding sequences in hemipteran pests. The dis closure also concerns methods for making transgenic plants that express nucleic acid molecules useful for the control of hemipteran pests, and the plant cells and plants obtained thereby.

Development Of Artificial Bait For Brown Treesnake Suppression, Bruce A. Kimball, Scott A. Sterling, Thomas W. Mcauliffe, Randal S. Stahl, Rafael A. Garcia, William C. Pitt

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) was accidentally introduced to Guam in the 1940s from the Admiralty Islands. A native of Australia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands, the brown treesnake (BTS) continues to threaten the economy and ecology of Guam and is currently the subject of a cooperative program to control snake populations on the island and prevent its spread throughout the Pacific Rim. Delivery of toxic baits is a primary component of population suppression efforts. While many food items tested as baits for toxicant delivery provide relevant food prey cues leading to investigatory behaviors in BTS, …

Using Satellite Vegetation And Compound Topographic Indices To Maphighly Erodible Cropland Buffers For Cellulosic Biofuel Cropdevelopments In Eastern Nebraska, Usa, Yingxin Gu, Bruce K. Wylie

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Cultivating annual row crops in high topographic relief waterway buffers has negative environmental effects and can be environmentally unsustainable. Growing perennial grasses such as switchgrass(Panicum virgatum L.) for biomass (e.g., cellulosic biofuel feedstocks) instead of annual row crops in these high relief waterway buffers can improve local environmental conditions (e.g., reduce soil erosion and improve water quality through lower use of fertilizers and pesticides) and ecosystem services (e.g.,minimize drought and flood impacts on production; improve wildlife habitat, plant vigor, and nitro-gen retention due to post-senescence harvest for cellulosic biofuels; and serve as carbon sinks). The main objectives of this …

Use Of Predator Hair To Enhance Perceived Risk To White-Tailed Deer In A Foraging Context, Thomas W. Seamans, Bradley F. Blackwell, Kimberly E. Linnell

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Deer react to predator scent in varying degrees even when exposed to unknown predators. This response could be genetically based and maintained as long as the population is exposed to predation. We tested whether predator scent in the form of hair would enhance perceived risk and serve as a foraging repellent to free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). During the winters of 2013 and 2014, we quantifi ed alert behaviors and consumption of whole-kernel corn in response to current (coyote [Canis latrans]) and extirpated (bobcat [Lynx rufus]; black bear [Ursus americanus]) predator species …

Effects Of Fatiguing Constant Versus Alternating Intensity Intermittent Isometric Muscle Actions On Maximal Torque And Neuromuscular Responses, C. M. Smith, Terry J. Housh, E.C. Hill, Kristen C. Cochrane, N.D.M. Jenkins, Richard J. Schmidt, G. O. Johnson

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Objective: To determine the effects of constant versus alternating applications of torque during fatiguing, intermittent isometric muscle actions of the leg extensors on maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torque and neuromuscular responses. Methods: Sixteen subjects performed two protocols, each consisting of 50 intermittent isometric muscle actions of the leg extensors with equal average load at a constant 60% MVIC or alternating 40 then 80% (40/80%) MVIC with a work-to-rest ratio of 6-s on and 2-s off. MVIC torque as well as electromyographic signals from the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), and rectus femoris (RF) and mechanomyographic signals from the …

Impacts Of High-Protein Oral Nutritional Supplements Among Malnourished Men And Women With Sarcopenia: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Controlled Trial, Joel T. Cramer, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Francesco Landi, Mary Hickson, Mauro Zamboni, Suzette L. Pereira, Deborah S. Hustead, Vikkie A. Mustad

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Recent evidence suggests that nutritional interventions may improve muscle outcomes in malnutrition and sarcopenia. Objectives: We evaluated the effects of 2 high-quality oral nutritional supplements (ONS) differing in amount and type of key nutrients in older adult men and women. Design: A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial. Participants: Malnourished and sarcopenic men and women, 65 years and older (n ¼ 330). Intervention: A 24-week intervention period with 2 energy-rich (330 kcal) ONS treatment groups: Control ONS (C_ONS,14 g protein; 147 IU vitamin D₃) versus Experimental ONS (E_ONS, 20 g protein; 499 IU …

Muscle- And Mode-Specific Responses Of The Forearm Flexors To Fatiguing, Concentric Muscle Actions, Ethan C. Hill, Terry J. Housh, Cory M. Smith, Richard Schmidt, Glen O. Johnson

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) studies of fatigue have generally utilized maximal isometric or dynamic muscle actions, but sport- and work-related activities involve predominately submaximal movements. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to examine the torque, EMG, and MMG responses as a result of submaximal, concentric, isokinetic, forearm flexion muscle actions. Methods: Twelve men performed concentric peak torque (PT) and isometric PT trials before (pretest) and after (posttest) performing 50 submaximal (65% of concentric PT), concentric, isokinetic (60°·s^-1), forearm flexion muscle actions. Surface EMG and MMG signals were simultaneously recorded from the biceps brachii and …

Amino Acid Specific Stable Nitrogen Isotope Values In Avian Tissues: Insights From Captive American Kestrels And Wild Herring Gulls, C.E. Hebert, B.N. Popp, K.J. Fernie, C. Ka’Apu-Lyons, B.A. Rattner, N. Wallsgrove

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Through laboratory and field studies, the utility of amino acid compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis (AA-CSIA) in avian studies is investigated. Captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were fed an isotopically characterized diet and patterns in δ15N values of amino acids (AAs) were compared to those in their tissues (muscle and red blood cells) and food. Based upon nitrogen isotope discrimination between diet and kestrel tissues, AAs could mostly be categorized as source AAs (retaining baseline δ15N values) and trophic AAs (showing 15N enrichment). Trophic discrimination factors based upon the source (phenylalanine, Phe) and trophic (glutamic acid, Glu) AAs were 4.1 (muscle) …

Letter To The Editor Ws-2 Introgression In A Proportion Of Arabidopsis Thaliana Col-0 Stock Seed Produces Specific Phenotypes And Highlights The Importance Of Routine Genetic Verification, Mon-Ray Shao, Vikas Shedge, Hardik Kundariya, Fredric R. Lehle, Sally Ann Mackenzie

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Arabidopsis thaliana is an important model organism with a robust network of resources that has been of enormous value to the plant science research community. The use of isogenic material as a reference point or control is critical for many types of experiments in plant molecular biology and genetics. Recently, we noticed that some seed from a common source of the widely-used Columbia-0 (Col-0) strain gave rise to plants showing features atypical for this strain. Whole genome DNA-sequencing and allele-specific PCR assays confirmed that the abnormal individuals contain multiple introgressions from the ecotype Wassilewskija-2 (Ws-2), as described below. This emphasizes …

Allergenicity Attributes Of Different Peanut Market Types, Stef J. Koppelman, Shyamali Jayasena, Dion Luykx, Erik Schepens, Danijela Apostolovic, Govardus A.H. De Jong, Thomas G. Isleib, Julie A. Nordlee, Joseph L. Baumert, Steve L. Taylor, Hsiaopo Cheng, Sohelia Maleki

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Four different market classes of peanut (Runner, Virginia, Spanish, and Valencia) are commonly consumed in Western countries, but for some consumers peanuts are a main cause of food-induced anaphylaxis. Limited information is available on the comparative allergenicity of these distinct market classes. The aim of this study was to compare allergenicity attributes of different peanut cultivars. The protein content and protein profiles were highly comparable for all tested cultivars. All cultivar samples contained the major allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3 and Ara h 6, as assessed by SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC, although some minor differences in …