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Assessing Variation In Us Soybean Seed Composition (Protein And Oil), Yared Assefa, Larry C. Purcell, Montse Salmeron, Seth Naeve, Shaun N. Casteel, Peter Kovacs, Sotirios Archontoulis, Mark Licht, Fred Below, Herman Kandel, Laura E. Lindsey, John Gaska, Shawn Conley, Charles Shapiro, John M. Orlowski, Bobby R. Golden, Gurpreet Kaur, Maninderpal Singh, Kurt Thelen, Randall Laurenz, Dan Davidson, Igancio A. Ciampitti

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed composition and yield are a function of genetics (G), environment (E), and management (M) practices, but contribution of each factor to seed composition and yield are not well understood. The goal of this synthesis-analysis was to identify the main effects of G, E, and M factors on seed composition (protein and oil concentration) and yield. The entire dataset (13,574 data points) consisted of 21 studies conducted across the United States (US) between 2002 and 2017 with varying treatments and all reporting seed yield and composition. Environment (E), defined as site-year, was the dominant …

Drought Stress Tolerance In Wheat And Barley: Advances In Physiology, Breeding And Genetics Research, Ahmed Sallam, Ahmad M. Alqudah, Mona F. A. Dawood, P. Stephen Baenziger, Andreas Borner

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Climate change is a major threat to most of the agricultural crops grown in tropical and sub-tropical areas globally. Drought stress is one of the consequences of climate change that has a negative impact on crop growth and yield. In the past, many simulation models were proposed to predict climate change and drought occurrences, and it is extremely important to improve essential crops to meet the challenges of drought stress which limits crop productivity and production. Wheat and barley are among the most common and widely used crops due to their economic and social values. Many parts of the world …

Farm Animals Are Important Biomedical Models, Debora L. Hamernik

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

This issue of Animal Frontiers, “Farm animals are im- portant biomedical models,” describes several examples in which cattle, sheep, pigs, or chickens provide an excellent physiological model for studies related to human health or disease (Figure 1). While previous reports have discussed the use of domestic animals as dual-purpose models that benefit agricultural and biomedical research (Ireland et al., 2008), this issue of Animal Frontiers provides additional and novel examples of the value of farm animals for biomedical re- search. Because farm animals are larger in size than labora- tory species, scientists are able to collect larger volumes and …

Adaptation Strategies: Ruminants, John B. Gaughan, Veerasamy Sejian, Terry L. Mader, Frank R. Dunshea

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

• Growing populations and reduced access to arable land mean that animal production systems will either need to intensify and/or produce more from a reducing land and other resource base.

• Variable and unpredictable environmental conditions mean that animal production faces numerous challenges. In add- ition to climate, these challenges include increased disease risk, increased nutritional deficiencies, and lack of capital to support diversification.

• Predicted changes in climate will impose selection pressures on traits important for biological fitness (and production).

• Genetic adaptation is important for the future of livestock systems. Animal adaptation involves trade-offs, which must be considered when selecting animals for …

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Livestock Animals To Study Infertility In Women, Mohamed A. Abedal-Majed, Andrea S. Cupp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

• Anovulation is a major cause of infertility in mammalian females.

• Ovarian research in humans is challenging due to the shortage of “normal tissue” that can be obtained from women that are trying to get pregnant.

• Livestock animals provide valuable resources to investigate the optimal intra-follicular environment required to facilitate folliculogenesis and translate to humans.

• Different livestock models may be more useful depending on the specific biological process studied.

Effect Of Environmental Temperature And Β-Adrenergic Agonist Supplementation On Rumen Volatile Fatty Acid Production In Sheep, Erin M. Duffy, Hannah C. Hamilton, Ty B. Schmidt, Dustin T. Yates, Jessica Lynn Petersen

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Many environmental and dietary factors affect ruminant livestock performance (Ames, 1980; Carberry et al., 2012). Energy used by ruminants is mainly derived from volatile fatty acids (VFA), including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which are produced by bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates (Barcroft et al., 1944). With the importance of VFA production in ruminants (Bergman, 1990), it is essential to understand how various conditions livestock may be subjected to, such as ambient conditions and diet, can affect VFA production.

With the profound role of VFA production in energy status of the ruminant, and given that heat stress (HS) events can affect ruminal …

Wpa News 110 (2019), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (Winter 2019), number 110

Published by the World Pheasant Association

The Impact Of Heat Load On Cattle, Angela M. Lees, Veerasamy Sejian, Andrea L. Wallage, Cameron C. Steel, Terry L. Mader, Jarrod C. Lees, John B. Gaughan

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Heat stress and cold stress have a negative influence on cattle welfare and productivity. There have been some studies investigating the influence of cold stress on cattle, however the emphasis within this review is the influence of heat stress on cattle. The impact of hot weather on cattle is of increasing importance due to the changing global environment. Heat stress is a worldwide phenomenon that is associated with reduced animal productivity and welfare, particularly during the summer months. Animal responses to their thermal environment are extremely varied, however, it is clear that the thermal environment influences the health, productivity, and …

Maternal Age Influences The Number Of Primordial Follicles In The Ovaries Of Yearling Angus Heifers, Sarah C. Tenley, Renata Spuri Gomes, Shelby L. Rosasco, Emmalee J. Northrop, Jerica J. J. Rich, Anthony K. Mcneel, Adam F. Summers, Jeremy R. Miles, Chadwick C. Chase Jr., Clay A. Lents, George A. Perry, Jennifer R. Wood, Andrea S. Cupp, Robert A. Cushman

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The number of antral follicles detectable by ultrasonography in heifers is influenced by age of the dam, because daughters of primiparous cows have fewer antral follicles than daughters of mature cows. We, therefore, hypothesized that heifers with primiparous dams would have fewer primordial follicles in their ovaries than heifers born to mature (4+ y) cows. Angus heifers (n=464) were submitted for ultrasonographic evaluation of antral follicle number at 325, 355, and 385 d of age. Ovaries were collected from a random subset of heifers (n=79) and processed for histological evaluation to determine number of primordial follicles. A greater percentage of …

Reducing Methane Production With Corn Oil And Calcium Sulfate: Responses On Whole-Animal Energy And Nitrogen Balance In Dairy Cattle, J. V. Judy, G. C. Bachman, T. M. Brown-Brandl, S. C. Fernando, K. E. Hales, P. S. Miller, R. R. Stowell, P. J. Kononoff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The addition of fat and calcium sulfate to diets fed to ruminants has resulted in a reduction in methane production, but the effects on energy balance have not been studied. A study using indirect calorimetry and 16 multiparous (8 Holstein and 8 Jersey; 78 ± 15 d in milk; mean ± standard deviation) lactating dairy cows was conducted to determine how mitigating methane production by adding corn oil or calcium sulfate to diets containing reduced-fat distillers grains affects energy and nitrogen balance. A replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 35-d periods (28 d of adaption and 4 d …

Use Of Indirect Calorimetry To Evaluate Utilization Of Energy In Lactating Jersey Dairy Cattle Consuming Common Coproducts, M. A. Reynolds, T. M. Brown-Brandl, J. V. Judy, K. J. Herrick, K. E. Hales, A. K. Watson, Paul J. Kononoff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The use of coproducts as an alternative feed source is a common practice when formulating dairy rations. A study using 12 multiparous (79 ± 16 d in milk; mean ± standard deviation) lactating Jersey cows was conducted over 5 mo to evaluate the effects of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) or canola meal on milk and gas production. A replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design was used to compare 4 dietary treatments. Treatments comprised a control (CON) containing no coproducts, a treatment diet containing 10% (dry matter basis) lowfat DDGS (LFDG), a treatment diet containing 10% high-fat DDGS …

Perturbations In Lineage Specification Of Granulosa And Theca Cells May Alter Corpus Luteum Formation And Function, Mohamed A. Abedel-Majed, Sarah M. Romereim, John S. Davis, Andrea S. Cupp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Anovulation is a major cause of infertility, and it is the major leading reproductive disorder in mammalian females. Without ovulation, an oocyte is not released from the ovarian follicle to be fertilized and a corpus luteum is not formed. The corpus luteum formed from the luteinized somatic follicular cells following ovulation, vasculature cells, and immune cells is critical for progesterone production and maintenance of pregnancy. Follicular theca cells differentiate into small luteal cells (SLCs) that produce progesterone in response to luteinizing hormone (LH), and granulosa cells luteinize to become large luteal cells (LLCs) that have a high rate of basal …

Effect Of Harvest Method And Ammoniation Of Baled Corn Residue On Intake And Digestibility In Lambs, Ashley C. Conway, Tasha M. King, Melissa L. Jolly, J. C. Macdonald, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mary E. Drewnoski

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

To determine the effect of harvest method and ammoniation on both in vivo and in vitro digestibility of corn residue, six corn residue treatments consisting of three different harvest methods either with or without anhydrous ammonia chemical treatment (5.5% of dry matter [DM]) were evaluated. The harvest methods included conventional rake-and-bale (CONV) and New Holland Cornrower with eight rows (8ROW) or two rows (2ROW) of corn stalks chopped into the windrow containing the tailings (leaf, husk, and upper stem) from eight rows of harvested corn (ammoniated bales of each harvest method resulted in treatments COVAM, 8RAM, and 2RAM). Nine crossbred …

Evaluation Of The Effects Of Biochar On Diet Digestibility And Methane Production From Growing And Finishing Steers, Thomas Winders, Melissa L. Jolly, Hannah C. Wilson, James C. Macdonald, Galen E. Erickson, Andrea K. Watson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objectives of these studies were to evaluate the effects of biochar (0%, 0.8%, or 3% of diet dry matter) on diet digestibility and methane and carbon dioxide production from cattle on growing and finishing diets. The growing diet consisted of 21% brome hay, 20% wheat straw, 30% corn silage, 22% wet distillers grains plus solubles, and 7% supplement. The finishing diet consisted of 53% dry-rolled corn, 15% corn silage, 25% wet distillers grains plus solubles, and 7% supplement. In both trials biochar replaced fine ground corn in the supplement. Six crossbred steers (initial body weight [BW] 529 kg; SD …

Nutr455: Advanced Nutrition And Human Metabolism- A Peer Review Of Teaching Project Benchmark Portfolio, Sathish Kumar Natarajan

UNL Faculty Course Portfolios

NUTR455, Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism is a capstone, ACE 10 course for undergraduate seniors in nutrition and health sciences that I teach in spring semesters since 2017. Among the 3 classes that I taught, spring 2019 class did awesome job in their overall performance, in-class participation, and in-class exams and in their final poster assignment. We analyzed three questions to as part of this teaching benchmark portfolio. 1) The role of in-class iClicker questions in improving student students understanding the key concepts and test whether it motivates the students to study course materials; 2) Tested whether review session impacted/improve …

Gge Biplot Analysis Of Yield Stabi Lity For Andean Dry Bean Accessions Grown Under Different Abiotic Stress Regimes In Tanzania, E. J. Mndolwa, S. N. Msolla, T. G. Porch, Phillip N. Miklas

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Large seeded Andean dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are most preferred in Africa. However, low soil fertility and increasing drought stress conditions due to climate change are among the challenges faced by farmers in this region. The purpose of this study was to identify Andean genotypes with yield stability and to identify the best environments for selection of this trait. GGE-Biplot analysis was used to examine 183 Andean bean genotypes in Tanzania. Results indicated significant environment (E), genotype (G) and genotype x environment (GE) effects for seed yield. The environment explained 46%, genotype 20%, and GE 34% of the total …

The Role Of Genotype And Production Environment In Determining The Cooking Time Of Dry Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.), Karen A. Cichy, Jason A. Wiesinger, Matthew Berry, Susan Nchimbi‐Msolla, Deidre Fourie, Timothy G. Perch, Daniel Ambechew, Phillip N. Miklas

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a nutrient‐dense food rich in proteins and minerals. Although a dietary staple in numerous regions, including Eastern and Southern Africa, greater utilization is limited by its long cooking time as compared with other staple foods. A fivefold genetic variability for cooking time has been identified for P. vulgaris, and to effectively incorporate the cooking time trait into bean breeding programs, knowledge of how genotypes behave across diverse environments is essential. Fourteen bean genotypes selected from market classes important to global consumers (yellow, cranberry, light red kidney, red mottled, and brown) were grown …

Seedling Root Architecture And Its Relationship With Seed Yield Across Diverse Environments In Phaseolus Vulgaris, Christopher F. Strock, James Burridge, Anica S.F. Massas, James S. Beaver, Steve E. Beebe, Samuel A. Camilo, Deidre Fourie, Celestina Nhagupana Jochua, Magalhaes Amade Miguel, Phillip N. Miklas, Eninka Mndolwa, Susan Nchimbi-Msolla, Jose Polania, T. Porch, Juan C. Rosas, Jennifer J. Trapp, Jonathan P. Lynch

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Seedling root phenotypes may have important impacts on fitness and are more easily measured than mature root phenotypes. We phenotyped the roots of 577 genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), representing the bulk of the genetic diversity for recent cultivars and landraces in this species. Root architectural phenotypes of seedlings germinated for nine days were compared to root architectural phenotypes in the field as well as seed yield across 51 environments with an array of abiotic stresses including drought, nutrient deficiency, and heat, as well as non-stress conditions. We observed repeatability ranging from 0.52–0.57 for measures of root phenotypes in …

Automatic Nonnutritive Suck Waveform Discrimination And Feature Extraction In Preterm Infants, Chunxiao Liao, Austin O. Rosner, Jill L. Maron, Dongli Song, Steven M. Barlow

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Background and Objective: The emergence of the nonnutritive suck (NNS) pattern in preterm infants reflects the integrity of the brain and is used by clinicians in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to assess feeding readiness and oromotor development. A critical need exists for an integrated software platform that provides NNS signal preprocessing, adaptive waveform discrimination, feature detection, and batch processing of big data sets across multiple NICU sites. Thus, the goal was to develop and describe a crossplatform graphical user interface (GUI) and terminal application known as NeoNNS for single and batch file time series and frequency-domain analyses of …

Nebraska's Advantage: Productive Agriculture And Bountiful Natural Resources, Laura E. Young, Mary Garbacz, Michael J. Boehm, Bethany Karlberg, John Carroll, Kathryn Bagniewski, Daran Rudnick, Halle Ramsey, Marc Libault, Cadrien Livingston, Jamilynn Poletto, Leanne Gamet, Troy Gilmore, Natalie Jones, Lisa Pennisi, Elizabeth Vanwormer, Abby Steffen, Andrea Basche, Rylie Kalb, Rick Koelsch, Bethany Karlberg, Martha Shulski, Michael Hayes, Peter Mccornick, Amit Jhala, Walter Schacht, Stanosh Pitla, Michael Ferguson, John Gamon, Joe Luck, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Bertrand Clarke, Taro Mieno

Strategic Discussions for Nebraska

Nebraska's Advantage: Productive Agriculture and Bountiful Natural Resources

You can’t talk about healthy production systems and natural resource systems without also thinking about the resilience. We need to harmonize production agriculture in a way that ensures the resilience of our natural ecosystems and rural communities—all while addressing bundles of grand challenges.

Nebline, January 2019

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

2018 Extension highlights

Benefit to people

Teaching, growing and making a difference

36,520 youth engaged in 4-H programs

Extension’s volunteers worth nearly $700,000

New Year, new you: Nutrition tips to a healthier you

RECIPE OF THE MONTH

Pesticide applicator 2019 training dates

Ag Estate and Succession Planning workshop, Jan. 23 & March 5

Successful Farmer Series

Upcoming green industry conferences

Extension’s 2019 Master Gardener trainings, two sites available

Garden Guide Things to Do This Month

Sticky situation: Using glue boards to monitor pests

HEART OF 4-H Volunteer Award: Susan Bulling

IT’S TIME TO RE-ENROLL IN 4-H!

Meet 2018–2019 4-H Council …

Dissemination, Access, Preservation: A Case Study Of Publications From The Organic Agriculture Research And Extension Initiative, Leslie M. Delserone

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

The Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative, administered by USDA-NIFA, is the major federal funder of organic agricultural research. Analysis of 733 publications produced during the initiative’s first five years explored the dissemination of this research, and accessibility to and preservation of the publications. Publications associated with conferences (e.g., abstracts) were most numerous (36%). Many publications (69%) were openly accessible online in 2017 but fewer than 10% of these appeared in a stable digital repository. In four of the eight publication categories, access disappeared over time. No program exists to systematically collect and preserve these outputs of organic agricultural research. …

At Risk Alcohol Consumption With Smoking By National Background: Results From The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos, Frank C. Bandiera, Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable, Folefac Atem, Raul Caetano, Denise C. Vidot, Marc D. Gellman, Elena L. Navas-Nacher, Jianwen Cai, Gregory Talavera, Neil Schneiderman, Robert Kaplan

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Introduction: Tobacco smoking and binge or excess drinking are unhealthy behaviors that frequently co-occur. Studies of Hispanics/Latinos have mostly been of Mexican Americans although there are substantial differences in smoking and drinking by heritage background. Associated with co-use by 5 subpopulations.

Methods: Cross-sectional data of 16,412 Hispanics/Latinos from Miami, the Bronx, Chicago and San Diego collected between 2008 and 2011 as part of the HCHS/SOL were analyzed. Smoking and alcohol consumption and demographic data were measured by self-report. Prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption and co-use were reported. Logistic regression models examined the odds of co-use of smoking and binge …

Comparing Methods For Clinical Investigator Site Inspection Selection: A Comparison Of Site Selection Methods Of Investigators In Clinical Trials, Nicholas Hein, Elena Rantou, Paul Schuette

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Background During the past two decades, the number and complexity of clinical trials have risen dramatically increasing the difficulty of choosing sites for inspection. FDA’s resources are limited and so sites should be chosen with care.

Purpose To determine if data mining techniques and/or unsupervised statistical monitoring can assist with the process of identifying potential clinical sites for inspection.

Methods Five summary-level clinical site datasets from four new drug applications (NDA) and one biologics license application (BLA), where the FDA had performed or had planned site inspections, were used. The num- ber of sites inspected and the results of the …

Multifocal Necrotizing Myopathy In Northern Elephant Seal (Mirounga Angustirostris) Pups, San Miguel Island, California, Terry R. Spraker, Tetiana A. Kuzmina, Eugene T. Lyons, Robert L. Delong, Claire Simeone, D. N. Rao Veeramachaneni

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

A field study addressing causes of mortality in freshly dead northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris, Gill, 1866) was conducted on San Miguel Island, California, in February 2015. Necropsies were performed on 18 pups ranging in age from stillbirths to approximately 7 to 8 weeks. The primary gross diagnoses in these pups included trauma, myopathy, starvation/ emaciation, infections, congenital anomalies, and perinatal mortality. However, 6 (33%) had a previously unrecognized myopathy characterized by multiple white streaks that were most obvious within the inner layer of the abdominal wall and the small innermost ventral intercostal muscles. Following histological examination, 2 …

Nebraska’S Natural Resource District System: Collaborative Approaches To Adaptive Groundwater Quality Governance, Gregory N. Sixt, Laurens Klerkx, J. David Aiken, Timothy S. Griffin

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

Nonpoint source pollution of groundwater by nitrates from agricultural activity is a persistent problem for which developing effective policy approaches has proven difficult. There is little empirical information on forms of governance or regime attributes that effectively and sustainably address agricultural nonpoint source pollution of groundwater. Nebraska’s Natural Resource District (NRD) system is a rare example of a groundwater governance regime that is putting programmes in place that are likely to generate sustainable groundwater quality outcomes. We focus on three groundwater nitrate management programmes in the state that collectively represent the broader NRD system. The research shows that four elements …

Salivary Total Immunoglobulin G As A Surrogate Marker Of Oral Immune Activity In Salivary Bioscience Research, Jenna L. Riis, Crystal I. Bryce, John L. Stebbins, Douglas A. Granger

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The integration of salivary biomeasures in biobehavioral, psychophysiological, and clinical research has greatly expanded our ability to study the biopsychosocial processes underlying health. Much of this research, however, has failed to adequately assess and adjust for the impact of oral immune activity on salivary biomeasure concentrations and associations with serum levels. Aiming to improve the validity and reliability of salivary biomeasure data, we examine salivary total Immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a potential surrogate marker of oral inflammation and immune activity. During a single study visit in Baltimore, Maryland, healthy young adult participants provided matched blood and saliva samples (N …

“They Don’T Even Know That We Exist”: Exploring Sense Of Belonging Within Sorority And Fraternity Communities For Latina/O Members, Crystal Garcia

Department of Educational Administration: Faculty Publications

In this qualitative, multiple-case study, I explored the perceptions of members of Latinx/a/o–based sororities and fraternities and their feelings of belonging within the greater fraternity and sorority life (FSL) community. Findings reflect the salience of race and privilege in participant experiences as individuals recognized their organizations as different worlds from sororities and fraternities within the National Panhellenic Council and Interfraternity Council. Critical Race Theory and LatCrit were used to examine the roles of race and racism within the FSL community while also underscoring the unique experiences of Latina/o FSL members from 2 large, predominantly White universities in the Midwest. Findings …

Evaluation Of An Algal Biomass As An Ingredient In Cattle Feed, Mitchell M. Norman, Zachary E. Carlson, F. Henry Hilscher Hilscher, Andrea K. Watson, Galen E. Erickson, Bruce W. Brodersen, J. Dustin Loy, Jonathan W. Wilson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A study was conducted evaluating the effects of feeding condensed algal residue solubles (CARS; available in 2019 in Blair, NE area) to finishing cattle for 100 days. Four levels of CARS were evaluated with 5 steers and 5 heifers individually fed per level of inclusion. The diets consisted of 70% dry rolled corn with CARS displacing corn at 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5% of dry matter. Increasing CARS inclusion resulted in a linear decrease in intake, a quadratic increase in daily gain, and a linear decrease in feed:gain. Calculations showed a linear increase in dietary net energy as …

Beyond Bird Feed: Proso Millet For Human Health And Environment, Saurav Das, Rituraj Khound, Meenakshi Santra, Dipak K. Santra

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Domesticated in 8000–10,000 BP in northern China, proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is the best adaptive rotational crop for semiarid central High Plains of the USA, where average annual precipitation is 356–407 mm. Proso millet has multiple benefits when consumed as human food. Proso millet is rich in minerals, dietary fiber, polyphenols, vitamins and proteins. It is gluten-free and therefore, ideal for the gluten intolerant people. Proso millet contains high lecithin which supports the neural health system. It is rich in vitamins (niacin, B-complex vitamins, folic acid), minerals (P, Ca, Zn, Fe) and essential amino acids (methionine and cysteine). …