Digital Commons Network^™

A Rapid Twofold Dilution Method For Microbial Enumeration And Resuscitation Of Uninjured And Sublethally Injured Bacteria, D. H. Kang, G. R. Siragusa

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Aims: A rapid and simple method for enumerating uninjured and sublethally injured bacterial cells, the twofold dilution method (2FD), was developed and evaluated.

Methods and Results: Following twofold serial dilution of samples in a 96 well microtiter plate, double strength selective broth or nonselective broth was added to each well. For resuscitation of heat-injured (55°C for 10 min) coliforms, the selective broth was added to the wells after 3 h preresuscitation time in buffered peptone water. The results of the 2FD were compared to plating methods for total and coliform plate counts from mixed cultures and beef carcass surface tissue …

All In A Day’S Work: What’S A Reference Librarian To Do?, Sandra B. Placzek

Marvin and Virginia Schmid Law Library: Faculty Publications

Although reference librarians today have much in common with yesterday’s counterparts, their days are much more hectic. Technological advances, changes in law and society, demands from a diverse group of library users, and an increased workload make time and stress management important issues to explore. This article examines reference librarianship in the academic environment, discusses how reference librarianship has changed, and offers suggestions on coping with the stresses those changes have caused.

Futurist Fiction And Fantasy: The Racial Establishment, Gregory E. Rutledge

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Futurist fiction and fantasy encompasses a variety of subgenres: hard science fiction, speculative fiction, fantasy, sword-and-sorcerer fantasy, and cyberpunk. Unfortunately, even though nearly a century has expired since the advent of futurist fiction and fantasy, Richard Pryor’s observation and a call for action is still viable. Despite the growing number of Black futurist fiction and fantasy writers, the proportion of Black futurist fiction and fantasy authors to White futurist fiction and fantasy authors is dismal. This disproportion means that Black futurist fiction and fantasy authors have a limited presence in the industry. Thus, although Black futurist fiction and fantasy authors …

2000 Trafficking In Persons Report, U.S. Department Of State

Human Trafficking: Data and Documents

Trafficking in persons is a fundamental and crucially important challenge in the areas of human rights and law enforcement. Based on reliable estimates, as the Congress has noted, at least 700,000 persons, especially women and children, are trafficked each year across international borders. Some observers estimate that the number may be significantly higher. Victims are forced to toil in sweatshops, construction sites, brothels, and fields. Deprived of the enjoyment of their human rights, many victims are subjected to threats against their person and family, violence, horrific living conditions, and dangerous workplaces. Some victims have answered advertisements believing that they will …

Promoting Wildness In Sandhill Cranes Conditioned To Follow An Ultralight Aircraft, Joseph W. Duff, William A. Lishman, Dewitt A. Clark, George F. Gee, Daniel T. Sprague, David H. Ellis

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

During the 1998 field season, we developed and tested a new protocol to teach sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) to follow ultralight aircraft yet avoid humans. Although successful in teaching the cranes a migration route, our previous migration (1997) resulted in birds that were overly tame and sought association with humans. For this study, 16 sandhill cranes were costume-reared at USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center and transported to Ontario shortly before fledging. After the birds learned to follow the aircraft, 14 were transported to an isolated wintering site in South Carolina, 1300 km south of the training area. Twelve …

U.S. Air Force Long-Range Strike Aircraft White Paper, United States Air Force

United States Air Force: Publications

As a result of DoD transformation plans and recent operational experience (Air War Over Serbia and Operation ENDURING FREEDOM) portions of the 1999 U.S. Air Force White Paper on Long Range Bombers have become outmoded. In October 2001, the Secretary of the Air Force directed an updated Long-range Strike Aircraft White Paper incorporating our new defense planning guidance. This document provides an update to the 1999 White Paper and reflects current decisions concerning bomber force structure and basing. While modification plans remain largely intact, the focus has been refined to support the Global Strike Task Force concept.

A Porcine Bac Library With Tenfold Genome Coverage: A Resource For Physical And Genetic Map Integration, Scott C. Fahrenkrug, Gary A. Rohrer, Brad A. Freking, Timothy P. L. Smith, Kazutoyo Oswoegawa, Chung Li Shu, Joseph J. Catanese, Pieter J. De Jong

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Recent advances in porcine genomics have identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) that influence pork production traits such as carcass traits, meat quality, and reproductive efficiency (Rohrer 2000; Cassady 1999). The low resolution to which most of these loci have been defined precludes the accurate application of markerassisted selection (MAS) strategies for increasing production efficiency. Large-insert genomic libraries are an excellent resource for marker development aimed at increasing the resolution of QTL and for the development of contiguous physical maps (contigs) of the chromosomal regions containing them.

Impact 2001, Jim Peterson, David J. Goeller, Keith Glewen, David R. Smith, James E. Specht, Kenneth Vogel, Mark Svoboda, Blair D. Siegfried, Terry L. Mader, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Richard Perrin

Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources: News Releases

Index

Competitive Agricultural Systems in a Global Economy ............................................................. 1

Safe and Secure Food and Fiber Systems ............................................................. 20

Healthy, Well-Nourished Population ............................................................. 28

Greater Harmony Between Agriculture and the Environment ............................................................. 38

Economic Development and Quality of Life for People and Communities ............................................................. 46

Society-Ready Graduates ............................................................. 55

Nf01-488 Creating A Strong Family: Quality Time In Great Quantity, John Defrain

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Societies are often fueled by the platitude, which can be defined as conventional, hackneyed wisdom packaged for general consumption. This common sense created for common living is called upon so often in day-to-day speech that we sometimes fail to recognize it for what it often really is.

Biotransformation Of Ni-Substituted Hydrous Ferric Oxide By An Fe(Iii)-Reducing Bacterium, James K. Fredrickson, John M. Zachara, Ravi K. Kukkadapu, Yuri A. Gorby, Steven C. Smith, Christopher F. Brown

United States Department of Energy: Publications

The reductive biotransformation of a Ni²⁺-substituted (5 mol %) hydrous ferric oxide (NiHFO) by Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32, was investigated under anoxic conditions at circumneutral pH. Our objectives were to define the influence of Ni²⁺ substitution on the bioreducibility of the HFO and the biomineralization products formed and to identify biogeochemical factors controlling the phase distribution of Ni²⁺ during bioreduction. Incubations with CN32 and NiHFO were sampled after 14 and 32 d, and both aqueous chemistry and solid phases were characterized. By comparison of these results with a previous study (Fredrickson, J. K.; Zachara, J. M.; …

Dissimilatory Bacterial Reduction Of Al-Substituted Goethite In Subsurface Sediments, Ravi K. Kukkadapu, John M. Zachara, Steven C. Smith, James K. Fredrickson, Chongxuan Liu

United States Department of Energy: Publications

The microbiologic reduction of a 0.2 to 2.0 µm size fraction of an Atlantic coastal plain sediment (Eatontown) was investigated using a dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacterium (Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32) to evaluate mineralogic controls on the rate and extent of Fe(III) reduction and the resulting distribution of biogenic Fe(II). Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to show that the sedimentary Fe (III) oxide was Al-substituted goethite (13–17% Al) that existed as 1- to 5-µm aggregates of indistinct morphology. Bioreduction experiments were performed in two buffers [HCO₃^‑; 1,4-piperazinediethansulfonic acid (PIPES)] both without and with 2,6-anthraquinone …

Kinetics And Mechanism Of Birnessite Reduction By Catechol, Christopher J. Matocha, Donald L. Sparks, James E. Amonette, Ravi K. Kukkadapu

United States Department of Energy: Publications

The complex interactions of oxidizable organic ligands with soil Mn(III,IV) (hydr)oxide minerals have received little study by in situspectroscopic techniques.We used a combination of an in situ electron paramagnetic resonance stopped-flow (EPR-SF) spectroscopic technique and stirred-batch studies to measure the reductive dissolution kinetics of birnessite (δ-MnO₂), a common Mn mineral in soils, by catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene). The reaction was rapid, independent of pH, and essentially complete within seconds under conditions of excess catechol at pH 4 to 6. The overall empirical second-order rate equation describing the reductive dissolution rate was d[Mn(II)]/dt = k[CAT]^1.0[SA]^1.0 where …

Kinetic Analysis Of The Bacterial Reduction Of Goethite, Chongxuan Liu, John M. Zachara, James K. Fredrickson, Cynthia Brinkman

United States Department of Energy: Publications

The kinetics of dissimilatory reduction of goethite (RFeOOH) was studied in batch cultures of a groundwater bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32 in pH 7 bicarbonate buffer. The rate and extent of goethite reduction were measured as a function of electron acceptor (goethite) and donor (lactate) concentrations. Increasing goethite concentrations increased both the rate and extent of Fe(III) reduction when cell and lactate concentrations were held constant. However, constant initial reduction rates were observed after normalization to the Fe(II) sorption capacity of FeOOH, suggesting that the bacterial reduction rate was first order with respect to surface site concentration. Increasing …

Microbial Reduction Of Fe(Iii) And Sorption/Precipitation Of Fe(Ii) On Shewanella Putrefaciens Strain Cn32, Chongxuan Liu, John M. Zachara, Yuri Gorby, Jim Szecsody, Christopher Brown

United States Department of Energy: Publications

The influence of Fe(II) on the dissimilatory bacterial reduction of an Fe(III) aqueous complex (Fe(III)-citrate_aq) was investigated using Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32. The sorption of Fe(II) on CN32 followed a Langmuir isotherm. Least-squares fitting gave a maximum sorption capacity of Q_max = 4.19 x 10^-3 mol/10¹² cells (1.19 mmol/ m² of cell surface area) and an affinity coefficient of log K = 3.29. The growth yield of CN32 with respect to Fe(III)_aq reduction showed a linear trend with an average value of 5.24 (±0.12) x 10⁹ cells/mmol of Fe(III). The reduction of …

A Practical Guide To Estimating Cleanup Costs, Mike Goldstein, Jon Ritterling

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Cost estimates are frequently developed to evaluate hazardous-waste-site cleanup options in support of a site investigation, remedy selection decision, or assessment of environmental liabilities. The accuracy of the cost estimate depends largely on the quality of the information available at the time it is prepared. This article presents a practical guide to developing a cleanup cost estimate. It includes information on how to document assumptions, use the latest technical resources, and perform basic adjustments to account for uncertainty and the time value of money. The content is based upon a recent guidance document issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency …

Zebra Mussel (Dreissena Polymorpha) Selective Filtration Promoted Toxic Microcystis Blooms In Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron) And Lake Erie, Henry A. Vanderploeg, James R. Liebig, Wayne W. Carmichael, Megan A. Agy, Thomas H. Johengen, Gary L. Fahnenstiel, Thomas F. Nalepa

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Microcystis aeruginosa, a planktonic colonial cyanobacterium, was not abundant in the 2-year period before zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) establishment in Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron) but became abundant in three of five summers subsequent of mussel establishment. Using novel methods, we determined clearance, capture, and assimilation rates for zebra mussels feeding on natural and laboratory M. aeruginosa strains offered alone or in combination with other algae. Results were consistent with the hypothesis that zebra mussels promoted blooms of toxic M. aeruginosa in Saginaw Bay, western Lake Erie, and other lakes through selective rejection in pseudofeces. Mussels exhibited high …

Tsc13p Is Required For Fatty Acid Elongation And Localizes To A Novel Structure At The Nuclear-Vacuolar Interface In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Sepp D. Kohlwein, Sandra Eder, Chan-Seok Oh, Charles E. Martin, Ken Gable, Dagmar Bacikova, Teresa Dunn

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The TSC13/YDL015c gene was identified in a screen for suppressors of the calcium sensitivity of csg2Δ mutants that are defective in sphingolipid synthesis. The fatty acid moiety of sphingolipids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) that is synthesized by a microsomal enzyme system that lengthens the palmitate produced by cytosolic fatty acid synthase by two carbon units in each cycle of elongation. The TSC13 gene encodes a protein required for elongation, possibly the enoyl reductase that catalyzes the last step in each cycle of elongation. The tsc13 mutant accumulates high levels of long-chain bases …

Absence Of All Components Of The Flagellar Export And Synthesis Machinery Differentially Alters Virulence Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium In Models Of Typhoid Fever, Survival In Macrophages, Tissue Culture Invasiveness, And Calf Enterocolitis, Clare K. Schmitt, Jack S. Ikeda, Stephen C. Darnell, Patricia R. Watson, Jennifer Bispham, Timothy S. Wallis, Debra L. Weinstein, Eleanor S. Metcalf, Alison D. O'Brien

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

In this study, we constructed an flhD (the master flagellar regulator gene) mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and compared the virulence of the strain to that of the wild-type strain in a series of assays that included the mouse model of typhoid fever, the mouse macrophage survival assay, an intestinal epithelial cell adherence and invasion assay, and the calf model of enterocolitis. We found that the flhD mutant was more virulent than its parent in the mouse and displayed slightly faster net growth between 4 and 24 h of infection in mouse macrophages. Conversely, the flhD mutant exhibited diminished …

Citizen Knowledge And Perception Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Management, Natalie R. Sexton, Ayeisha Brinson, Phadrea D. Ponds, Kurt Cline, Berton L. Lamb

United States Geological Survey: Publications

What do citizens know about black-tailed prairie dogs, and where do they get their information? When management decisions need to be made regarding an animal such as the black-tailed prairie dog, an understanding of the species and its relationship to humans is necessary. This includes knowing the biology of the animal, where it lives, and how it interacts with other animals. But it is equally important for those making decisions about the species to understand citizens’ knowledge and perceptions so managers can effectively communicate with the public and help the public participate in planning and decision making activities. Unfortunately, what …

Tws Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Newsletter: Spring 2001 – Volume 8(1) Elections Issue

TWS Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Newsletter

From The Chair: 2000-2001 Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Officers:; Candidates For The Working Group Officers – May 2001; Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Ballot – May 2001; Proceedings Available: Predator Control; A Quest For Older Wildlife Control Workshop Proceedings; Wdamage: A Resource For Wildlife Damage Managers; Tws Reno/Tahoe 2001 8th Annual Conference Of The Wildlife Society Reno/Tahoe, Nevada , September 25–29, 2001 Preliminary Program; Application For Membership / The Wildlife Society

Development Of Hot/Cold Plate Apparatus For Determining Heat Transport Mechanisms In Mulch Materials, Simon Van Donk, Ernest W. Tollner, Stephen P. Mcdonald

West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte

To study the effects of mulches and crop residues on soil temperature, researchers have frequently used simulation models. In such models, quantification of heat transport within the mulch material is often weak and heat transport mechanisms are poorly understood. In this paper we describe an apparatus to quantify heat transport through dry mulch materials. In addition, heat transport mechanisms (conduction, thermal radiation, free and forced convection) can be identified and quantified using this apparatus. The apparatus consists of precisely controlled and monitored 0.9 m by 0.9 m hot and cold plates. The hot plate actually consists of three component plates: …

2000-2001 Annual Report

Lancaster County, Nebraska Extension: Reports

Your Local Experts
Greetings
How Much is Expert Advice Worth?
The Buzz on Controlling Insects and Other Pests
Extension Helps Food Bank Pinpoint Source of Moths
Head Lice Video Gains Attention
Horticulture Programs Growing in Depth and Outreach
Composting Demonstrations Teach Community to Recycle Yard Waste
Volunteers Tend to Master Gardener Program
Salt Valley Clean Lakes Project
Lancaster County 2000-01 Honors and Awards
Agricultural Programs Remain Essential Part of Extension
Pesticide Container Recycling
Biosolids Program Merges Precision Ag With Waste Recycling
Helping People Put Knowledge to Work
2,000+ Pages of Web Content!
An "Omnimedia" Presence
Training the Trainers
Volunteers
Partnerships …

Results Of The First Ultralight-Led Sandhill Crane Migration In Eastern North America, Joseph W. Duff, William A. Lishman, Dewitt A. Clark, George F. Gee, David H. Ellis

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

In 1997, we led 8 sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) south from Ontario, Canada by ultralight aircraft to a wintering area near Warrenton, Virginia, an area without a wild population. Six others were transported south in a trailer in hopes they would return north with those that flew. The migration was 863 kIn long, included 14 stops, and took 21 days to complete. A1l13 SUIViving birds were wintered together. In March 1998, the surviving 7 "aircraft-led" birds departed the wintering site. The following day, 6 of the 7 were reported on the south shore of Lake Ontario. The flock …

A Trove Of New Works By Thomas Pynchon? Bomarc Service News Rediscovered, Adrian S. Wisnicki

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Early in 1960, after having graduated from Cornell and while writing V., Thomas Pynchon moved to Seattle and began working for the Boeing Airplane Company. What Pynchon did while working at Boeing has puzzled scholars almost from the moment of the very private author's literary debut. When we try to delve into his stint at Boeing first mentioned by Lewis Nichols and Dick Schaap--we reach dead ends or find conflicting information. Yet Pynchon's time at Boeing is perhaps the most documented period of his life, and over the years a number of interesting (though not always accurate) bits of information …

Ec01-156 Sugarbeet Production Guide, Jürg M. Blumenthal, Paul A. Burgener, K. James Fornstrom, Gary D. Franc, Robert M. Harveson, Gary L. Hein, Barry J. Jacobsen, Greg Johnson, Eric D. Kerr, Susan S. Martin, Steve Miller, Scott Nissen, Karen L. Palm, Lee Panella, John A. Smith, Robert G. Wilson, C. Dean Yonts

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Sugarbeet and sugarcane are the major sources of sucrose, a sweetener in a vast range of foods. Total world production of sucrose was estimated at 126,500 metric tons in 1998-1999 of which 37 percent was from sugarbeet and 63 percent was from sugarcane. This Extension Circular discusses the importance of growing sugarbeets and sugarcane in the states of Nebraska, Colorado, Montana, and Wyoming.

Moving Beyond Crisis Management, Donald A. Wilhite

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

To the casual observer, it may appear that in the past five years, drought has been a more common visitor to the American landscape. Drought conditions ravaged the southwestern and south-central states during 1995 and 1996, raising havoc in many economic sectors. It also caused serious environmental and social hardships. Drought has persisted in each year since, affecting most areas in the country on at least one occasion and several regions for three or more consecutive years.

Why Involve Students In Research?, Rodney A. Erickson

Innovations in Undergraduate Research and Honors Education: Proceedings of the Second Schreyer National Conference 2001

This article addresses the benefits of undergraduate research to students, to faculty, and to universities. Research experiences are credited with increasing motivation for learning, helping undergraduate students decide on a career path, forming mentoring relationships between students and faculty, and improving student performance in writing, speaking, and working in teams. For many students, research experiences are their most memorable experiences as undergraduates. From the perspective of universities, students bring enthusiasm to research teams and often ask insightful questions-sometimes quite by accident-that can change the ways faculty approach research inquiries. Student researchers contribute to the world of knowledge. Research universities have …

Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: 2001 Annual Report, John A. Schmitz

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Information and History

Twenty Departmental students completed their Bachelor of Science in Agricultural Science degrees in 2001, nineteen in the Veterinary Science Major and one in the Veterinary Technologist Major. Twenty-five Nebraska residents were admitted into the College of Veterinary Medicine at Kansas State University, twelve of them having completed all or part of their pre-veterinary studies at UNL. Seven students completed their Master of Science degree in Veterinary Science. Enrollment in the Distance Education MS in Veterinary Science Master of Science, Distance Education Program increased to seven students, with several applications still being processed or expected. Three new Distance Education courses were …

American Paintings From The Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery An Institutional History In Pictures, Daniel A. Siedell

Sheldon Museum of Art: Catalogs and Publications

The Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery and Sculpture Garden at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln is pleased to present American Paintings from the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery: An Institutional History in Pictures, an exhibition of more than forty-nine paintings that celebrates an important part of the Gallery's considerable permanent collection, which, for over one-hundred years , has come to define its identity and mission as an art museum. Boasting a permanent collection of nearly 13 ,000 objects , the Sheldon Art Gallery has sought to present the historical development and aesthetic diversity of 19th and 20th-century American art in various media.

But …

The Stieglitz Circle, Nicole Crawford

Sheldon Museum of Art: Catalogs and Publications

The Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery and Sculpture Garden is pleased to present The Stieglitz Circle, the fourteenth annual Sheldon Statewide exhibition. Sheldon Statewide is a unique collaboration between the Sheldon Gallery, the Nebraska Art Association (a nonprofit volunteer membership organization dedicated to the advancement of the visual arts in Nebraska) and the efforts and cooperation of the many Nebraska communities that serve as exhibition venues. The mission of the Sheldon Gallery is the acquisition, exhibition, and interpretation of 19th- and 20th-century American art. Each year twenty works from the collection are circulated throughout the state of Nebraska.

The 2000-2001 Sheldon …