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The Microtine Rodents Of The Mullen Assemblage From The Pleistocene Of North Central Nebraska, Larry D. Martin May 1972

The Microtine Rodents Of The Mullen Assemblage From The Pleistocene Of North Central Nebraska, Larry D. Martin

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

The University of Nebraska State Museum has had an active collecting program in Hooker and Cherry counties, Nebraska, since the 1930's. The following University of Nebraska State Museum collecting localities have been extensively excavated: Cr-10, Cr-102, Cr-11, Ho-101, Ho-102, and Ho-103. These localities have produced a large vertebrate fauna described by Jakway as the Mullen Local Fauna which he considered for the most part to be Early lllinoian. Further study of this local fauna now demonstrates that assemblage does include Early as well as Middle Pleistocene animals. The purpose of this paper is to report on the evidence regarding the …

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Use Of Groundwater For Irrigation In Clay County, Nebraska, 1970, Eugene K. Steele Jr. May 1972

Use Of Groundwater For Irrigation In Clay County, Nebraska, 1970, Eugene K. Steele Jr.

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Spatial Organization: The Geographer's View Of The World By Ronald Abler, John S. Adams, And Peter Gould, S. M. Bhardwaj, Robert Stoddard May 1972

Review Of Spatial Organization: The Geographer's View Of The World By Ronald Abler, John S. Adams, And Peter Gould, S. M. Bhardwaj, Robert Stoddard

Geography Program: Faculty Publications

Most introductory textbooks in geography are content-oriented, some pay lip service to basic concepts in geography, and still others are like tombstones conveying concepts and content of a bygone era. Abler, Adams and Gould have presented an introductory text that is rich in concepts, is rooted in contemporary scientific thinking, and conveys a dynamic, futuristic view of geography. The basic thrust in the book is "the circularly causal relationships between spatial structure and spatial processes." Geographers with a "lands-and-peoples" view of geography will be disappointed.

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Groundwater Levels In Nebraska, 1971, C.F. Keech May 1972

Groundwater Levels In Nebraska, 1971, C.F. Keech

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

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Schottky Defects In Alkali Halides, Paul D. Schulze, John R. Hardy Apr 1972

Schottky Defects In Alkali Halides, Paul D. Schulze, John R. Hardy

John R. Hardy Papers

The method of lattice statics and the deformation-dipole model have been applied to Schottky defects in ionic crystals in approximations higher than zero order. For an isolated vacancy, all host-lattice-ion potential energy functions for short-ranged repulsive and Coulomb-defect forces were expanded to terms quadratic in the displacements and dipole moments, and the resulting forces were allowed to act on the first and/or second neighbors to the vacancy. The zero-order Coulomb force was allowed to act on the remainder of the host-lattice ions past first and/or second neighbors. The vacancy and Schottky-pair-formation energies in the 12 Na, K, Rb halides have …

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Influence Of An External Electric Field On The Charge Transfer State Of The Tcne-Trans-Stilbene Molecular Complex, Craig J. Eckhardt Apr 1972

Influence Of An External Electric Field On The Charge Transfer State Of The Tcne-Trans-Stilbene Molecular Complex, Craig J. Eckhardt

Craig J. Eckhardt Publications

An experimental investigation of the effect of an external electric field on the absorption spectrum of the tetracyanoethylene-trans-stilbene molecular complex in cyclohexane solution yielded values of 1.1±0.1 D for the ground state electric dipole moment and 10.5±0.9 D for the change of the electric dipole moment upon transition to the charge transfer excited state. The ground state electric dipole moment determined by the electro-optic effect is in agreement with the value of 1.4±0.5 D obtained from the dielectric constant measurements made on solutions of the complex. The directions of the transition moment, the ground state electric dipole moment, and the …

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Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 4, April 1972 Apr 1972

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 4, April 1972

Water Current Newsletter

New Publications Available from NWRRI
Summer Short Course Planned
NRD's to Become a Reality
Interior Secretary Declares New Legislation Needs
USGS to Step Up Water Resource Investigations
Leagues of Cities Asks for Uniform Pollution Policy
House Passes WPC Bill
Erosion Booklet Released by EPA
Rainfall on Lake Ontario to be Gauged by Radar
Seminar on Coastal Zone
Senate Passes National Environmental Laboratory Law System
American Water Resources Conferences, Call for Papers
Water Pollution Laws Could Shut Marginal Plants
Committee Asks Cutback in Use of Phosphorous
Department Recommends Two Nebraska Projects
Hearing on WRC Principles and Standards
Underground Waste Storage Not …

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Commensal Rodent Control, D. R. Maddock, H. F. Schoof Mar 1972

Commensal Rodent Control, D. R. Maddock, H. F. Schoof

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

SUMMARY: Federal Urban Rat Control Program grants were awarded to cities in different areas of the United States. Severe problems of rat infestations have been detected in many of the cities by the Environmental Health Service. Approximately 20% of 3.8 million people in the project areas were occupying homes infested with rats. Control operations are now in effect in all cities, and the living conditions of the people have been substantially improved. An increase in interest in rodent control also is evident in countries outside of the United States. The Technical Development Laboratories of the National Communicable Disease Center are …

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What’S Ahead In Predator Management, Maynard W. Cummings Mar 1972

What’S Ahead In Predator Management, Maynard W. Cummings

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Editors note: Because of the great need for exchange of information concerning predator management, I have requested and received permission from the author to include in the Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings this paper presented at the Predator Ecology Symposium held in Orland, California, March 1, 1972.

There may not be many things about predators that everyone here agrees upon, but I do believe you all are certain that major changes are about to be made in their management. You all are aware of two recent proclamations of change, the President's Executive Order No. 11643 of February 8, 1972, and the …

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Conference Participants, Fifth Vertebrate Pest Conference (1972) Mar 1972

Conference Participants, Fifth Vertebrate Pest Conference (1972)

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

The Fifth Vertebrate Pest Conference drew a registered attendance of 239 with an estimated additional 50-75 persons who attended portions of the conference but did not register. As in past conferences, the attendance was made up of individuals having varying interests in vertebrate pest problems from twenty two states plus the District of Columbia. Participants from Canada, Denmark, England, Germany, India and New Zealand contributed greatly to the success of the conference and provided further exchange of information on an international level.

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Tolerance Shown By Rattus Rattus To An Anticoagulant Rodenticide, P. J. Deoras, G. C. Chaturvedi, N. E. Vad, D. M. Renapurkar Mar 1972

Tolerance Shown By Rattus Rattus To An Anticoagulant Rodenticide, P. J. Deoras, G. C. Chaturvedi, N. E. Vad, D. M. Renapurkar

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Apart from using 0.005% concentration, the recommended field dose of 0.025% of the anticoagulant is used along with an alternate food for individual rats for a varying number of days. Those that had survived were taken as tolerant, provided they showed an mg/kg intake beyond the tolerance limit, survived a six days of feeding, exhibited bait-shyness and did not exhibit hemorrhage after death. In determining the criteria for tolerance to an anticoagulant by a rat, one should take into account four composite factors. These are, six days of even 0.025% feeding, bait-shyness when alternate food is given, higher mg/kg intake …

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Closing Remarks - Fifth Vertebrate Pest Conference, Warren V. Johnson Mar 1972

Closing Remarks - Fifth Vertebrate Pest Conference, Warren V. Johnson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

As this concludes the Fifth Vertebrate Pest Conference, I would like to thank all of you for your attendance and the enthusiasm you have shown throughout the meeting. Any suggestions or comments you may have to improve future meetings will be appreciated. On behalf of the California Vertebrate Pest Committee, I want to thank all speakers for their contributions and the Session Chairmen for a job well done in keeping the program moving smoothly. Also a special thanks to those individuals, organizations and agencies that contributed to the preparation for the success of this Conference, particularly the Chairmen and members …

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Contents, Committees, And Frontmatter Mar 1972

Contents, Committees, And Frontmatter

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

No abstract provided.

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Digital Video Display System Using Cathode-Ray Tube, George M. Low, Arthur I. Zygielbaum, Warren L. Martin, Alexander Engel Mar 1972

Digital Video Display System Using Cathode-Ray Tube, George M. Low, Arthur I. Zygielbaum, Warren L. Martin, Alexander Engel

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

A digital video display system (DWDS) is disclosed for display of image, alphanumeric and other data on a cathode-ray tube (CRT) with sequential raster scan and two, four or eight gray shades. The DVDS includes a central processing unit for ac tivating the system, selecting the X (horizontal axis) and Z (in tensity modulation) modes, and designating the starting loca tion of two successive rasters of data from a memory accessed by a data multiplexer subsystem (DMS). At the end of each raster, the DMS interrupts the computer for a new starting lo cation of a raster of data to …

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Potential-Barrier Effects In Photoabsorption. I. General Theory, Anthony F. Starace Mar 1972

Potential-Barrier Effects In Photoabsorption. I. General Theory, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

This paper combines parts of the theories of spectroscopy, collisions, and autoionization to provide a unified framework for a quantitative theory of experimental data on 4d-shell photoabsorption in rare earths. The calculations by atomic theory are intended for tentative application to solids. The theory should also apply to 3p-shell photoabsorption in the transition metals and to other cases where the effect of a potential barrier is crucial. A prescription is given for the ab initio numerical calculation of total and partial photoabsorption cross sections, as well as of the profiles, energies, and widths of resonances. A …

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Status And Control Of Nutria In California, Frank Schitoskey Jr., James Evans, G. Keith Lavoie Mar 1972

Status And Control Of Nutria In California, Frank Schitoskey Jr., James Evans, G. Keith Lavoie

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Although feral nutria (Myocastor coypus) have been present in California since the mid-1940's, they are quite scarce and at present are causing little or no agricultural damage. Present state regulations and pest detection activities will probably prevent them from becoming a serious economic pest. Should control ever become necessary, studies in other areas indicate that shooting, trapping, and baiting with zinc phosphide should be effective.

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Muskrats In Central Europe And Their Control, Kurt Becker Mar 1972

Muskrats In Central Europe And Their Control, Kurt Becker

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

An account of the introduction of muskrats into Europe and their spread over the countries of Europe is presented. The reasons why the animal should be controlled are discussed. Legal regulations often do not keep up with the requirements and economic and political circumstances and frequently have encouraged the spread of muskrats. The use of traps alone does not solve the problem of their control. Therefore research is looking for suitable poisons and a good practice to apply them. At present this question cannot be answered satisfactorily.

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The Need Of Surface Sprays For The Control Of Microtine Rodents, Mogens Lund Mar 1972

The Need Of Surface Sprays For The Control Of Microtine Rodents, Mogens Lund

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Four Microtine species, the field vole (Microtus agrestis), the continental vole (Microtus arvalis), the water vole (Arvicola terrestris) arid the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) are the most harmful rodents in forests, fields, orchards and gardens in Northern and Central Europe. Except for the latter they are all herbivorous, their food consisting to a very low degree of seeds and grain. As a consequence dry poison baits are not well accepted most of the year. The only economic and effective control method until now has been surface spraying with the chlorinated hydrocarbons endrin and toxaphene. As these chemicals are now black-listed …

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Protecting Coniferous Seeds From Rodents, Andrew Radvanyi Mar 1972

Protecting Coniferous Seeds From Rodents, Andrew Radvanyi

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

For almost a half century now repeated failures in direct seeding operations on cutover forest lands in North America had been largely blamed on the unproven destruction of the seed supply by small mammals. In 1960, the Canadian Wildlife Service undertook a research project to ascertain the possible fate of white spruce seeds placed into the natural environment and the influence which small mammal populations may have upon such a seed supply. By equipping each seed with a microscopic radio-transmitter (radio isotopes), the seeds could be left in the field for up to one year and then recovered intact or …

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Methodology For Measuring Taste And Odor Preference Of Rodents, R. D. Thompson, S. A. Shumake, R. W. Bullard Mar 1972

Methodology For Measuring Taste And Odor Preference Of Rodents, R. D. Thompson, S. A. Shumake, R. W. Bullard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Taste enhancers and olfactory attractants are needed to improve bait acceptance for rodent control, but most methods for evaluating preference for taste and odor stimuli are not suitable for screening large numbers of such compounds. This paper describes two automated preference testers designed for this purpose. The taste preference apparatus is based on the principle of the brief-exposure, foods-together technique, whereby the animal briefly samples each food alone, in alternate sequence, before the two foods are presented together, in alternate positions. The odor preference tester is based on an open-field maze, whereby the test animal samples each of four odor …

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The Strategy For Controlling Rodent Damage To Pines In The Canadian Mid-West, C. H. Buckner Mar 1972

The Strategy For Controlling Rodent Damage To Pines In The Canadian Mid-West, C. H. Buckner

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

The transitional zone between prairie and boreal forest in Manitoba and Saskatchewan is more suited to the needs of forestry than to agriculture. Tree production is difficult in this zone for a number of reasons, one of which is the depredations of small mammals, especially the meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus (Ord.). Vole populations peak every 3 to 5 years and on the average irruptions of serious importance occur about every 10 years. Populations in the transitional zone are generally higher than those in the treed areas of adjacent zones: areas of extreme populations coincide with areas of greatest forestry concern. …

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Barrier Fencing In Wildlife Management, William D. Fitzwater Mar 1972

Barrier Fencing In Wildlife Management, William D. Fitzwater

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Barrier fences have been used to control animal and human depredations since ancient times. They have exerted considerable influence upon the culture of the "protected" areas even though protection was rarely complete. The following materials have been used in construction of fences: earth, vegetative materials, wire, electric shock, and synthetic materials. Fence designs must consider the size, strength, intelligence and/or instinct, and physical agility of the species to be repelled as well as the attraction of the crop or area for potential depredators. Against deer, the 8-foot upright, vertical overhanging, outrigger and sloping fences are more successful than electric fences. …

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A Preference-Testing System For Evaluating Repellents For Black-Tailed Deer, Dan L. Campbell, Roger W. Bullard Mar 1972

A Preference-Testing System For Evaluating Repellents For Black-Tailed Deer, Dan L. Campbell, Roger W. Bullard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

In a program to evaluate repellents for protecting Douglas-fir(Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings from browsing by black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus), a preference-testing system was developed to supplement preliminary pen tests. The system uses an apparatus that presents individual test deer with a choice between two foods (usually feed pellets treated with a candidate repellent or a marginally palatable standard). The two foods are presented, in alternating positions, only long enough for the deer to make a choice; results are recorded in terms of percent choices made for the candidate repellents, or percent consumption. Tests thus far with a number of candidate …

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Good Practice Statements−Developing Guidelines For The Safe And Efficient Use Of Pesticides, Harold S. Stein Jr. Mar 1972

Good Practice Statements−Developing Guidelines For The Safe And Efficient Use Of Pesticides, Harold S. Stein Jr.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Because pest control, vertebrate and invertebrate, is an applied science, a disciplined technology is mandatory. The National Pest Control Association, through its technical committees, is developing guidelines for the safe and efficient use of pesticides and for the execution of specific forms of pest control. These guidelines known as "Good Practice Statements" not only reveal a methodology utilizing the cooperative efforts and experiences of commercial pest control operators, representatives of the scientific community, and specialists from pertinent governmental regulatory agencies, but in them-selves as physical documents add to the total expertise of everyone connected with the problems and responsibilities of …

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The Oregon Ground Squirrel In Northeastern California; Its Adaptation To A Changing Agricultural Environment, Loring White Mar 1972

The Oregon Ground Squirrel In Northeastern California; Its Adaptation To A Changing Agricultural Environment, Loring White

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

As early as 1918, populations of the Oregon ground squirrel [Citellus oregonus (Merriam)] were reported to be increasing in northeastern California, presumably because of “the extensive clearing of the sagebrush and seeding of these clearings to grain and hay." Populations of this locally important field rodent have continued to increase since that time with the further development of agriculture. Observations of the author during the past quarter of a century indicate that ground squirrels in the most intensively farmed areas are changing their habits; and may be evolving into an ecotype markedly dissimilar to that which existed in the pristine …

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Zinc Phosphide−A New Look At An Old Rodenticide For Field Rodents, Glenn A. Hood Mar 1972

Zinc Phosphide−A New Look At An Old Rodenticide For Field Rodents, Glenn A. Hood

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Of the many toxicants tested to control field rodents, compound 1080 (sodium monof1uoroacetate), strychnine alkaloid, and zinc phosphide are the only effective single-dose rodenticides currently available. Considering the federal requirements for use in food and feed crops, zinc phosphide is the toxicant most likely to be registered for field rodent control. It is generally well accepted by rodents, is relatively safe for nontarget species, and does not seriously contaminate the environment. It is already registered, with an established tolerance, for use in one food crop (Hawaiian sugarcane). The Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife is conducting research, some in cooperation …

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Vertebrate Pests In New Zealand; Research And Control, J. Andrew Peters Mar 1972

Vertebrate Pests In New Zealand; Research And Control, J. Andrew Peters

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

New Zealand has been considered a classic among the world's natural laboratories where free-roaming wild mammals demand, and obtain, a rather overwhelming national attention. The enormous devastation by erosion processes is the consequence of intentionally introducing exotic species of mammals, for food, for sport and for fur. By its isolation in the Pacific, the flora of New Zealand evolved in the absence of a grazing and browsing fauna. There were no native mammals, save for the seals and two species of bats. The land has been the home of a most diverse fauna of flightless birds -kiwis, the giant moa, …

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Experimental Population Suppression Of Richardson's Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus Richardsonii) In Alberta, Dale E. Alsager, Robert Yaremko Mar 1972

Experimental Population Suppression Of Richardson's Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus Richardsonii) In Alberta, Dale E. Alsager, Robert Yaremko

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Richardson's Ground Squirrel is one of the most economically harmful rodents in east central Alberta. In an effort to develop an effective, safe, economical and practical method of long-term population control over large areas, experimental field testing was begun in 1970 to evaluate a variety of potential control techniques. Although tests with a machine bait applicator proved unsuccessful due to the unique soil structure, its potential in other areas of the province is discussed. Use of portable baiting stations is limited by the manufacturing and maintenance costs as well as the limited attractabi1ity of the stations. Attractabi1ity of the stations …

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The Extension Trapper System In Kansas, F. Robert Henderson Mar 1972

The Extension Trapper System In Kansas, F. Robert Henderson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Kansas is unique because it is the only state that has an organized state-wide program that is administered through the State Cooperative Extension Service and where that program is the only form of a governmental predator program in the state. Missouri and the eastern part of South Dakota have Extension Trapper Systems administered through the state wildlife conservation departments. These states also pay bounties on predatory animals. Kansas does not. To fully appreciate the Kansas system, it is important to understand the agency that administers the program. Let us briefly review the Cooperative Extension Service, Created by the Smith-Lever Act …

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Methiocarb, A Chemical Bird Repellent: A Review Of Its Effectiveness On Crops, Joseph L. Guarino Mar 1972

Methiocarb, A Chemical Bird Repellent: A Review Of Its Effectiveness On Crops, Joseph L. Guarino

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Since 1964, when the effectiveness of methiocarb for preventing pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) from damaging sprouting corn was proven in South Dakota, an aggressive program has been carried out by personnel of the Denver Wildlife Research Center and many cooperators to develop methiocarb as a broad spectrum avian repellent. The successful use of methiocarb for preventing damage caused by several species of birds to sprouting corn in several states and to sprouting soybeans in South America is reviewed. Recent results obtained from spraying methiocarb on ripening rice in California, ripening sorghum in Colorado and Oklahoma, cherries in Michigan, and grapes in …

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