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Cytogenetic Evidence For The Specific Distinction Of An Alaskan Marmot, Marmota Broweri Hall And Gilmore (Mammalia: Sciuridae), Robert L. Rausch, Virginia R. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cytogenetic studies based upon somatic cells (bone marrow) have disclosed that the marmot hitherto designated Marmota caligata broweri Hall and Gilmore, occurring in the Brooks Range of Arctic Alaska, differs from M. c. caligata (Eschscholtz) in number of chromosomes (2n=36 as compared with 2n=42 in M. caligata) and in proportions of chromosomal types. Typical karyograms for the two species are presented. It is concluded that the Brooks Range marmot is specifically distinct from M. caligata, the applicable name being Marmota broweri Hall and Gilmore. Also determined were diploid chromosome numbers for two other Nearctic species of marmots, M. …

Automatic Solvent Exchanger, D. R. Viglierchio, Armand R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A solvent delivery and removal system has been designed and developed such that solvent exchange in biological specimens and tissues can be effected automatically at ambient or above ambient temperatures. The operation may be programmed so that any series of solvents mutually soluble in sequence may be exchanged. For convenience in calibration and flexibility the system may be operated manually.

Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xlii. Aploparaksis Turdi Sp. N., A Hymenolepidid Cestode From Thrushes, Francis S.L. Williamson, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Aploparaksis turdi sp. n. (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) is described from the robin, Turdus migratorius L., and recorded also from the varied thrush, Ixoreus naevius (Gmelin), from Iliamna Lake, upper Alaska Peninsula. This cestode is distinguished from the three previously known species of Aploparaksis s. l. occurring in passeriform birds by the size and number of rostellar hooks and by the arrangement and proportions of the genital organs. It is concluded that the validity of the genus Monorcholepis Oshmarin, 1961, to which certain of these species have been assigned, is questionable, and the latter genus is considered to be a synonym of …

Translation Of Krylov, M. V. 1965. The Development Of Nuttallia Tadzhikistanica Krylov Et Zanina, 1962 In The Tick Hyalomma Anatolicum [= Razvitie Nuttallia Tadzhikistanica Krylov Et Zanina, 1962 V Kleshche Hyalomma Anatolicum]. Acta Protozoologica 3: 369-382, M. V. Krylov, Frederick K. Plous Jr.

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Summary

The development of Nuttallia tadzhikistanica in the larvae and nymphs of Hyalomma anatolicum was followed. In the first hours after the larvae had begun blood sucking on infected specimens of Meriones erythrourus, Nuttallia which had got into the intestire of the tick, leave erythrocytes and multiply by division into two or four individuals. Two or four hours later, mono-nuclear trophozoites occur in the haemocoel of the tick. Here their multiple division occurs. Multinucleated developmental stages of Nuttallia occur in the haemocoel during 24 hours after the larvae become detached from the host. The multinucleated stages break down into …

Translation Of Anpilogova, N. V. 1965. On The Finding Of Oocysts Of Coccidia Of The Genus Isospora Schneider In Domestic Birds [= O Nakhozhdenii Ootsist Koktsidii Roda Isospora Schneider U Domashnikh Ptits]. Dokl. Akademie Nauk Tadzhik. Ssr 8(4): 44-46, N. V. Anpilogova, Frederick K. Plous Jr.

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Translation number 18, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States, October 16, 1969 (4 pages)

Translation of Anpilogova, N. V. 1965. On the finding of oocysts of coccidia of the genus Isospora Schneider in domestic birds [= O nakhozhdenii ootsist koktsidii roda Isospora Schneider u domashnikh ptits]. Dokl. Akademie Nauk Tadzhik. SSR 8(4): 44-46

Translated from Russian to English by Frederick K. Plous, Jr. and edited by Norman D. Levine (notated NDL:cml)

Presented to the corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR M. N. Narzykulov on May 3, 1964

Review Of Echinococcus Species In South Africa, Anna Johanna Maria Verster

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

1. The nominate subspecies of E. granulosus (Batsch, 1786) is redesignated from the type locality, Europe.

2. Five subspecies of E. granulosus are described from South African carnivores: E. g. granulosus, E. g. africanus, E. g. felidis, E. g. lycaontis and E. g. ortleppi.

3. E. g. granulosus has so far only been recovered from the Transvaal; E. g. ortleppi appears to be restricted to the Transvaal; E. g. africanus occurs in the Orange Free State and the Transvaal; E. g. lycaontis and E. g. felidis like their definitive hosts are restricted to the Transvaal.

4. …

Life Cycle And Development Of Prosthorhynchus Formosus (Van Cleave, 1918) Travassos, 1926, An Acanthocephalan Parasite Of Birds, Gerald D. Schmidt, O. Wilford Olsen

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The life cycle of Prosthorhynchus formosus (Van Cleave, 1918) Travassos, 1926 is presented. The terrestrial isopods Armadillidium vulgare, Porcellio laevis, and P. scaber served as experimental intermediate hosts, and chickens and turkeys as experimental definitive hosts. After ingestion of the eggs by the isopod, the acanthor emerges from its shells within 15 minutes to 2 hours, enters the gut wall of its host, and remains there 15 to 25 days. It then migrates to the hemocoel and develops through the acanthella stage to the infective cystacanth by the 60th to 65th day of infection.

Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xli. Observations On Cestodes Of The Genus Diplogonoporus Lönnberg, 1892 (Diphyllobothriidae), Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The study of a collection of cestodes assigned to the genus Diplogonoporus Lönnberg, 1892 disclosed but two species, D. balaenopterae Lönnberg, 1892, and D. tetrapterus (von Siebold, 1848) (provis.). These cestodes occur characteristically in marine mammals but occasionally are found in terrestrial hosts; D. balaenopterae is recorded for the first time from the domestic dog, and it is concluded that D. grandis (Blanchard, 1894), from man, is conspecific with D. balaenopterae. The latter species is recorded for the first time from the humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski). The relatively small D. tetrapterus, a common parasite of the Steller …

The Specific Status Of The Narrow-Skulled Vole (Subgenus Stenocranius Kashchenko) In North America, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

On morphological and zoogeographical grounds, discussed in the present paper, it is concluded that the narrow-skulled vole in North America, previously designated Microtus (Stenocranius) miurus Osgood, is conspecific with the Eurasian M. (Stenocranius) gregalis Pallas. Fourteen subspecies in Eurasia and 5 in North America are now recognized, but it is probable that the number in Eurasia will be reduced through future investigation. The Eurasian subspecies of this vole comprise two major groups, of which one occupies the tundra zone and the other occurs across central Asia below latitude 60° N; their geographic ranges are largely separate …

Public Health Aspects Of Bird Control, William B. Jackson, Ralph Masterson, Paul Schnurrenberger, D. O. Jones, Roderic Jones, John Morley, George Mowrey

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The first session; papers include:
Animal Diseases in General
Public Health Aspects of Bird Control or Zoonoses
Public Relations
Sanitation

Digenetic Trematodes Of Fishes As Indicators Of The Ecology, Phylogeny And Zoogeography Of Their Hosts [Abstract], Harold W. Manter

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The prevalence and diversity of trematodes of fishes, together with the fact that many of them have considerable host specificity, make them a favorable group for studies of host relationships and zoogeography.

Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xl. Strigea Gruis Sp. N., A Trematode Parasite Of Grus Canadensis (L.), Georges Dubois, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Strigea gruis sp. n. (Trematoda: Strigeata, Strigeidae) is described from the sandhill crane Grus c. canadensis (L.). Only one other species of Strigea (S. neotidis Bisseru, 1956) is known from birds of the order Gruiformes; it is distinguished from S. gruis by several characteristics including its slender form, campanulate anterior segment, size of pharynx and of eggs, position of ovary, and position and size of testes. S. gruis differs from two other species having a relatively large pharynx, S. sphaerula (Rudolphi, 1803) and S. intermedia Szidat, 1932, both parasites of corvids, in the form of the anterior segment and …

Arctic Health Research Center, U.S. Public Health Service, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A program of research in Alaska was initiated by the United States Public Health Service in 1948, with the establishment of a field station in temporary facilities located at Anchorage. This station, officially designated the Arctic Health Research Center in May 1950, was founded largely as the result of surveys of health conditions in Alaska conducted during 1946 and 1947 by two committees representing the American Medical Association. The reports of these committees led Congress to pass a special appropriation bill to support the investigation of health problems in Alaska.

Six research sections were set up within the first year. …

Viral Infections Of Domestic Animals, George A. Young

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

There is a strong tendency in current research on mammalian virus diseases to concentrate on virus activity at a cellular or subcellular level. This trend is summarized adequately by Enders in relation to viral replication as follows: ','The large and ever-increasing volume of published experimental work on viral replication strikingly reveals the central position of this phenomenon in contemporary virological research. There are good reasons, both biological and practical, underlying this intensive effort to understand, i n detail, how a virus particle, without energy transforming apparatus of its own, manages to utilize the metabolic equipment of the cell to produce …

The Seasonal Cycle Of Abundance Of Echinococcus Multilocularis In Naturally Infected Arctic Foxes, Francis H. Fay, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

In some preliminary work on the ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis (Rudolphi, 1801) on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, Rausch and Schiller (1956. Parasitology, 46 (3 & 4): 395-419) noted that the percentage of arctic foxes, Alopex lagopus Linnaeus, harboring the adult cestodes seemed to vary annually in direct relation to the population density of tundra voles, Microtus oeconomus innuitus Merriam, the principal intermediate host. With the primary objective of examining this relationship in greater detail, an intensive, long-term ecologic investigation was begun on this island in 1955. Some of the results in the first 7 years are reported here.

A Review Of The Genus Echinococcus Rudolphi, 1801, Robert L. Rausch, George S. Nelson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

1. The genus Echinococcus Rudolphi, 1801, is reviewed. The recorded measurements of all species are shown in tables, and their taxonomic status is discussed.

2. Three species of Echinococcus can be distinguished by morphological criteria and are considered valid: E. granulosus, E. multilocularis and E. oligarthrus. The status of E. felidis and E. patagonicus is uncertain, but both may be conspecific with E. granulosus. Six species are considered synonyms of E. granulosus: E. cameroni, E. intermedius, E. longimanubrius, E. lycaontis, E. minimus and E. ortleppi.

Echinococcus Infections In Man And Animals In Kenya, George S. Nelson, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

1. Hydatid cysts are found in more than 30 per cent of all cattle, sheep and goats in Kenya, but the disease is prevalent in man only in the semi-desert area of Turkana. Up to the time of the present investigation the life-cycle of the parasite in East Africa had not been studied, but it was suggested that wild carnivores, such as hyenas and jackals, might be the main hosts of the adult worms.

2. One hundred and forty-three carnivores, representing 23 species, have been examined. Echinococcus adults were found in 27 out of 43 domestic dogs (Canis familiaris …

Schizorchis Yamashitai Sp. N. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) From The Northern Pika Ochotona Hyperborea Pallas In Hokkaido, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Schizorchis yamashitai sp. n., from the northern pika in Hokkaido, is described and its morphological characteristics compared with those of the three previously known species of Schizorchis Hansen, 1948. The zoogeography of Schizorchis spp. in pikas is briefly discussed.

Arhythmorhynchus Capellae Sp. N. (Polymorphidae: Acanthocephala), A Parasite Of The Common Snipe Capella Gallinago Delicata, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Arhythmorhynchus capellae sp. n. is described. The description is based on seven males and seven females from the Common Snipe in northern Colorado. The species is contrasted with two similar species, A. comptus Van Cleave and Rausch, 1950 and A. eroliae (Yamaguti, 1939) Van Cleave and Rausch, 1950. It differs from the former in having 14 proboscis hooks per row rather than eight or nine, and from the latter in having no bursal rays and 16 rows of 14 hooks rather than 18 rows of 12 to 13 hooks.

Alveolar Hydatid Disease Of The Liver: Rationale And Technics Of Surgical Treatment, John T. West, F. J. Hillman, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cestodes of the genus Echinococcus cause two distinct diseases: the well-known cystic hydatid disease found in stock-raising areas, caused by E. granulosus, and the more rare alveolar hydatid disease, which is limited to the northern hemisphere and is caused by the biologically and morphologically distinct E. multilocularis.

Eight cases of alveolar hydatid disease of the liver are reported from Alaska, including three patients who underwent hemihepatectomy for advanced lesions. Radical resection is concluded to be the only rational treatment for this otherwise progressive and fatal disease.

Beef Cattle Progress Report, E. F. Frolik, H. H. Kramer

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Shipping fever is a respiratory disease "complex" of cattle. The disease causes extensive economic losses from death, loss of physical condition, inefficient feed utilization and treatment expense. The annual loss from this disease in the United States has been estimated to be $25,000,000.

In many respects shipping fever is similar to respiratory diseases of humans. It may occur in any season of the year, but is most common in the fall and early winter. Although any age animal may be infected recently weaned calves and feeder cattle which have just been moved from the range to feedlot are most susceptible.

A Review Of The Distribution Of Holarctic Recent Mammals, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A review of the distribution of Holarctic Recent mammals.

Comparative Morphology In Nemic Phylogeny, Armand R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

In 1945 Simpson wrote: "Phylogeny cannot be observed. It is necessarily an inference from observations that bear on it, sometimes rather distantly, and that can usually be interpreted in more than one way." Certainly this applies to a study of nemic phylogeny where our reasoning is based upon degree of resemblance and subject to confusion by convergence and reversal. Many feel that, because fossil records are lacking, it is of little purpose to indulge in speculation on nemic phylogeny. Nemic taxonomy, however, requires such speculation when it is based upon comparative morphology. Our attempts in taxonomy are really an effort …

Index Catalogue To Russian, Central And Eastern European, And Chinese Literature In Medical Entomology, Volume 2: Ticks, George Anastes

United States Naval Medical Research Unit 3: Publications

Introduction

Over the past several years, a large number of references from the USSR, Eastern Europe, and Cairo have been collected dealing with arthropods of medical importance. These references were coded on key-sort cards which made it possible to index as many as fifteen subject areas on one card. The usefulness of this indexing system was evident by a number of medical entomologists who used ___ searching for references as their specialty. In response to requests from workers in the United States and other countries who did not have ready access to the index, it was decided to publish these …

Index Catalogue To Russian, Central And Eastern European, And Chinese Literature In Medical Entomology, Volume 1: Diptera, George Anastes

United States Naval Medical Research Unit 3: Publications

Over the past several years a large number of references from the USSR, Eastern Europe, and China have been collected dealing with arthropods of medical importance. These references were coded on keysort cards which made it possible to index as many as fifteen subject areas on one card. The usefulness of this indexing system was evident by the number of medical entomologists who used it in searching for references in their specialty. In response to requests from workers in the United States and other countries who did not have ready access to the index. it was decided to publish these …

Helminths Of The Shrew-Mole Neürotrichus Gibbsii (Baird) In Oregon, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Helminths of the shrew-mole from Oregon are described. They include a cestode Hymenolepis neurotrichi sp. n., a trematode Microphallus aspalacis sp. n., and the third-stage larva of an undetermined species of Porrocaecum (nematode), probably P. depressum (Zeder, 1800), or P. angusticolle (Molin, 1860). Preserved viscera of ten animals were examined. Three were infected.

Worm Eggs: Cost You Money, E.F. Frolik, E.W. Janike

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Contents

One Million Eggs Daily.......... 3

Damaging Trip......... 4

Worm Remedies......... 5

Modern Worm Remedies......... 6

A Control Program.......... 8

Some Characteristics Of A Purified Heat-Stable Aldolase, P.J. Thompson, T.L. Thompson

Papers in Microbiology

THOMPSON, P. J. (University of Nebraska, Lincoln) AND T. L. THOMPSON. Some characteristics of a purified heat-stable aldolase. J. Bacteriol. 84:694-700. 1962-Aldolase from a thermophilic strain of bacteria was obtained in a state of high purity. Heat studies of purified aldolases from cells cultivated at 45 and 65 C showed them equally stable at 70 C for 1 hr. Metal-ion and chelate studies indicated that thermal aldolase is metal ion-independent. Carboxypeptidase did not alter activity or specificity. The enzyme was specific for fructose- 1, 6-diphosphate. Hydrazine was found inhibitory in the assay procedure. The inhibition was independent of pH over …

Concluding Remarks Of Appreciation With Comments On Histoplasmosis And Cryptococcosis, Philip J. Spear

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

The record of this meeting will stand as a permanent tribute to Dr. Walter Howard and his associates. It should remind them for years to come of their worthwhile contribution in conceiving, organizing, promoting, and handling the details of this first Vertebrate Pest Control Conference. Those of us privileged to attend will be grateful for the opportunity to enlarge our acquain¬tance with the workers in the vertebrate pest control field, and to share in this exchange of information. The National Pest Control Association, whose members provide among other services, control of many vertebrate pests, draw information and guidance from many …

Infectious Disease Hazards To Pest Control Operators, Paul Arnstein Dvm, Mph

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

One of the primary reasons for controlling most vertebrate pests is the role these creatures play as links in the infection chain of certain agents pathogenic to man. It is reasonable to assume that the persons engaged in the eradication or removal of pests are at some risk of contacting zoonoses - diseases transmissible from animals to man. Unfortunately, histories or epidemiological data of occupational infections among pest control operators are not available; perhaps this society may become a future assembly point for statistics in this field. The hazards therefore have to be approached theoretically: diseases known to be associated …