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Using Known Populations Of Pronghorn To Evaluate Sampling Plans And Estimators, Kathy M. Kraft, Douglas H. Johnson, Jack M. Samuelson, Stephen H. Allen

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Although sampling plans and estimators of abundance have good theoretical properties, their performance in real situations is rarely assessed because true population sizes are unknown. We evaluated widely used sampling plans and estimators of population size on 3 known clustered distributions of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana). Our criteria were accuracy of the estimate, coverage of 95% confidence intervals, and cost. Sampling plans were combinations of sampling intensities (16, 33, and 50%), sample selection (simple random sampling without replacement, systematic sampling, and probability proportional to size sampling with replacement), and stratification. We paired sampling plans with suitable estimators (simple, ratio, …

A Cultural Anthropological Overview Of The Niobara/Missouri National Scenic Riverways, Beth R. Ritter, Robert K. Hitchcock, Michelle L. Watson, Michele Voeltz, Thomas D. Thiessen, Oliver Froehling, Rebecca Hautzinger, Judith Campbell Miller, Michele Moray, Leonard R. Bruguier, Gloria Rial

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District

This document is a cultural anthropological overview and assessment of the Niobrara/Missouri National Scenic Riverways (NIMI). It represents the first formal planning step taken by the National Park service (NPS) to identify the different ethnic and religious groups of people that have historical and/or contemporary ties to the NIMI region. It primarily focuses on American Indian groups that used the NIMI region for various purposes in past historical times. The discussion of American Indian peoples emphasizes the three Federally-recognized tribes that reside in the NIMI region today, the Poncas, Santee Sioux, and Yankton sioux. Other groups that used the NIMI …

Getting The Lay Of The Land: Introducing North American Native Grasslands, Anthony Joern, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The expected catastrophic extinction of species (already under way in many places) will alter the planet’s biological diversity so profoundly that, at the known rate of extinction, it will take millions of years to recover. Yet few ecologists study extinction. Indeed, very little ecology deals with any processes that last more than a few years, involve more than a handful of species, and cover an area of more than a few hectares. The temporal, spatial and organizational scales of most ecological studies are such that one can read entire issues of major journals and see no hint of impending catastrophe. …

Microevolution And The Genetic Structure Of Parasite Populations, Steven A. Nadler

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The development of polymerase chain reaction-based methods for assessing the genotypes of small individual organisms will promote groundbreaking investigations of the genetic architecture of parasite populations. Both quantitative genetic models and general knowledge of parasite natural history are useful for making general predictions about the distribution of genetic variation over geographic space. However, designing experimental studies to assess relationships between specific life history variables and patterns of genetic structure in natural populations will be challenging. Traditional biochemical-genetic methods have already been used to study a limited number of parasite populations, and inferred patterns of genetic structure are distinctly different between …

Critical Comments: Parasitology Year 2000, Albert O. Bush, Janine N. Caira, Dennis J. Minchella, Steven A. Nadler, John R. Seed

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

We predict that in order for parasitology to thrive by the year 2000 the various subdisciplines of evolution, ecology, biosystematics, and genetics must develop holistic approaches and use parasite models to answer basic biological questions. The students of tomorrow must work as part of a multidisciplinary team; and their questions and answers must be conceptually integrated into the broader biological framework of evolution and ecology.

Historical Biogeography And Modes Of Speciation Across High-Latitude Seas Of The Holarctic: Concepts For Host-Parasite Coevolution Among The Phocini (Phocidae) And Tetrabothriidae (Eucestoda), Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Species of Anophryocephalus are host-specific parasites of pinnipeds in the Holarctic. Phylogenetic analysis of 7 species postulates A. anophrys as the basal taxon and A. inuitorum as basal to A. skrjabini; A. arcticensis is basal to A. nunivakensis and A. eumetopii + A. ochotensis (single tree; consistency index = 74.4%; homoplasy slope ratio = 36.45%). Evaluation of host and geographic distributions postulates ringed seals of the Atlantic-Arctic as ancestral hosts, and the Arctic basin as a paraphyletic area with respect to the North Pacific. Cospeciation within this assemblage was dependent on intense isolation of small effective populations of definitive hosts …

Anophryocephalus Inuitorum Sp. Nov. And A. Arcticensis Sp. Nov. (Eucestoda: Tetrabothriidae) In Ringed Seals (Phoca Hispida Hispida) And Harp Seals (Phoca Groenlandica) From High-Latitude Seas Of Eastern Canada And The Arctic Basin, Eric P. Hoberg, Lena N. Measures

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Anophryocephalus inuitorum sp. nov. and A. arcticensis sp. nov. are described from ringed seals (Phoca hispida hispida) in the eastern Canadian Arctic; the latter species is also reported from harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Anophryocephalus inuitorum is most similar to A. skrjabini, but can be distinguished by fewer testes (14-27) and smaller dimensions of the strobila, neck (3.0-5.9 mm long), and cirrus sac (31-70 μm long), diameter of the genital atrium (44 -68 pm), and length of the male canal (23-42 μm long). Anophyrocephulus arcticensis resembles A. nunivakensis in the …

Water Current, Volume 26, No. 6, December 1994

Water Current Newsletter

Waste Management Problem Focus of '95 Seminars
From the Director
Policies Topic of '95 Conference
Glossary of Water-Related Terms
Researchers Try to Outsmart Hardy Pests
Reflections on a Year Well Spent
Scientific Conference "In the Bush"
Symposium Spurs Water Discussion

Second Intermediate Host-Specificity Of Haematoloechus Complexus And Haematoloechus Medioplexus (Digenea: Haematoloechidae), Scott D. Snyder, John J. Janovy Jr.

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

Second intermediate host-specificity was examined for two species of the frog lung fluke genus Haematoloechus. Nine species of freshwater arthropods were exposed to cercariae of H. complexus and H. medioplexus. Metacercariae of H. complexus developed in all arthropod species used. Metacercariae of H. medioplexus developed only in anisopteran odonate naiads. This difference in host utilization may have epizootiological implications. The potential development of H. complexus in a greater number of arthropods than H. medioplexus may increase the chances of ingestion of H. complexus by an anuran host. The range of arthropods parasitized by H. complexus indicates that host-specificity …

Phylogenetic Systematic Analysis Of The Trichostrongylidae (Nematoda), With An Initial Assessment Of Coevolution And Biogeography, Eric P. Hoberg, J. Ralph Lichtenfels

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of the Trichostrongylidae based on 22 morphological transformation series produced a single cladogram with a consistency index (CI) = 74.2%. Monophyly for the family was supported by the structure of the female tail and copulatory bursa. Two major clades are recognized: the Cooperiinae clade with the basal Cooperiinae and Libyostrongylinae + Trichostrongylinae, and the Graphidiinae clade with the basal Graphidiinae and Ostertagiinae + Haemonchinae. Dendrograms presented by Durette- Desset (1985) (CI = 56.1%) and Lichtenfels (1987), based on the key to the Trichostrongylidae by Gibbons and Khalil (1982) (CI = 59.0%), were found to be …

Bioarchaeology And Cod Fisheries: A New Source Of Evidence, Thomas Amorosi, Thomas H. Mcgovern, Sophia Perdikaris

School of Global Integrative Studies: Faculty Publications

Archaeological excavations in the North Atlantic basin over the past two decades have recovered large amounts of fishbones from datable deposits extending back over 8000 years in some areas. Coverage of the last 1000 years (with particular emphasis on the climatic cooling of the “Little Ice Age”) is increasingly complete. Recent research makes it possible to reconstruct live lengths from commonly recovered fishbone elements. Preliminary findings indicate that cod of 1 to 1.5 m were being regularly taken in the eleventh to nineteenth centuries throughout the North Atlantic. Changes in fish size and mix of species taken probably reflect technological …

Consulting With Teachers About Girls And Boys, Susan M. Sheridan, Mary Henning-Stout

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this article is to clarify issues of gender relevant to the practice of consultation with classroom teachers. Social psychological and educational considerations are reviewed as grounding for gender-fair educational practices which consultation can help to bring about. Finally, the specific implications of this theoretical and empirical grounding for the practice of organizational, behavioral, and mental health consultation are explored.

Variability Of Zophobas Rugipes Kirsch (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninii) In Cuba, Orlando H. Garrido, Esteban Gutierrez

Insecta Mundi

The blind click-beetles are the larger tenebrionids of Cuba. In our territory there are two species described, Zophbas rugipes Kirsch with a wide distribution in other West Indies, Central and South America, and Z. cubanus Marcuzzi, endemic to Cuba. Other authors had exposed the variability of Z. rugipes. We have compared all the available material from Cuban collections and have reached the conclusion that the diagnostic characters exposed for z. cubanus, based on a small series, are not valid. Therefore, we consider this taxon as an individual variation of Z. rugipes, and synonymize Z. cubanus under Z. rugipes …

Grizzly/Brown Bears, Charles Jonkel

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

Grizzly/brown bears (Ursus arctos) of the world include numerous subspecies in Asia, Europe, and North America. The interior grizzly (Ursus arctos horribilis) is generally smaller than the coastal (Ursus arctos gyas) or island (Ursus arctos middendorffi) subspecies of North American brown bear, and it has the classic “grizzled” hair tips. Brown bears in general are very large and heavily built. Wherever brown bears live, their size is influenced by their subspecies status, food supply, and length of the feeding season. Bone growth continues throughthe sixth year, so subadult nutrition often dictates their …

Kiowa Powwows: Tribal Identity Through The Continuity Of The Gourd Dance, Benjamin R. Kracht

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Today, intertribal participants at Southern Plains powwows (Oklahoma and Texas) celebrate common history and culture-their sense of "Indianness"-through the enactment of ceremonial song and dance. The Kiowa playa central and assertive role in the Southern Plains powwow network. and they use the Gourd Dance as the vehicle to identify their "Kiowaness." The thesis of this paper is that the Kiowa continue to maintain their tribal identity through performances of the Gourd Dance. which they claim as their own. The maintenance of identity is traced from the late nineteenth century through the evolution of Kiowa dances leading up to the Gourd …

Table Of Contents - Volume 4, Number 2, August 1994

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Contents:

Articles
Book Reviews
News and Notes
Annual Index

Review Of The Changing Social Geography Of Canadian Cities By Larry S. Bourne And David F. Ley, Abraham Akkerman

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Over the years reviewers have grown weary of edited volumes. Some recent compendia of geographic research on social change seem to have only confirmed this skeptical altitude. The present book, however, is an exception. The articles were specifically commissioned by the editors according to a well-structured division into nineteen chapters within four major parts. The editors have been careful to focus on clearly defined issues, thus avoiding the trap of misdirection into which some other edited material on this subject has fallen recently. As a result, the book succeeds, overall, in a comprehensive identification of factors and effects relating to …

Review Of Native American Dance: Ceremonies And Social Traditions By Charlotte Heth, Eric J. Jolly

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Native American Dance attempts to capture in picture and words life itself across the span of time and the people of the Americas. This is an ambitious project that seeks to identify many of the worlds and peoples of the Americas through their dance and its drama.

The photographs and plates of this books are rich, striking, and full of detail. So much so that one could be lulled into expecting that the oversize volume would serve best as a browsing volume that creates coffee table impressions. Indeed, the scope of this work precludes a detailed text from being developed …

Annual Index – Volume 5, Number 2, August 1994

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Index

The Politics Of Retribalization: The Northern Ponca Case, Beth Ritter

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

The recently restored Ponca Tribe of Nebraska has faced considerable challenges to the expression of their tribalism throughout the contact period. As a small. prairie-plains tribe the Ponca have endured the ravages of epidemic disease. land cessions. dispossession and removal. assimilation and finally in 1962. the outright termination of their status as a federally recognized tribe. The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska has been granted the opportunity to attempt retribalization with the 1990 Congressional restoration of their recognized status. The historical circumstances which have contributed to the assaults on their political and cultural identity will be explored within the larger framework …

Director's Note - Volume 4, Number 2, August 1994, John R. Wunder

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

This issue marks an end of an era for Great Plains Research. Begun in 1990 as a path breaking regional interdisciplinary science and social science journal, Great Plains Research is now poised for its fifth year of existence. Recently giving it a strong vote of confidence was a review panel chosen from the Fellows of the Center for Great Plains Studies to evaluate GPR. Their report issued in the spring of 1994 noted that because of the high quality of its initial editing and article submissions, the journal has quickly established itself as a quality scientific scholarly publication with …

Review Of Archaeology, History, And Custer's Last Battle: The Little Big Horn Reexamined By Richard Allan Fox, Jr, Mark F. Baumler

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Already the subject of official inquiry, interviews, innumerable articles, books, symposia, movies, recreations, demonstrations, and undoubtedly more than one barroom fight-one could legitimately ask: is there anything new left to be said about Custer's' 'Last Stand" at the battle of the Little Big Horn? To the delight of some and the dismay of others, this book answers forthrightly in the affirmative and it does so convincingly.

Fox's contribution to previous efforts (both scholarly and otherwise) derives from the field of archaeology-a relative newcomer to the discussion surrounding the events of June 25, 1876. Using the material remains of the battle …

Springtime Microwave Emissivity Changes In The Southern Kara Sea, Robert G. Crane, Mark R. Anderson

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Springtime microwave brightness temperatures over first-year ice are examined for the southern Kara Sea. Snow emissivity changes are revealed by episodic drops in the 37- to 18-GHz brightness temperature gradient ratio measured by the Nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer. We suggest that the negative gradient ratios in spring 1982 result from increased scatter at 37 GHz due to the formation of a near-surface hoar layer. This interpretation is supported by the results of a surface radiation balance model that shows the melt signature occurring at below freezing temperatures but under clear-sky conditions with increased solar input to the surface. …

Review Of Pradyumna P. Karan And Hiroshi Ishii, Nepal: Development And Change In A Landlocked Himalayan Kingdom, Robert Stoddard

Geography Program: Faculty Publications

The authors of this book have successfully provided "an outline of some of the crucial issues facing the country" (p. v), one of their declared aims. By examining Nepal's landlocked setting, natural resources, forests, agriculture, industry, transportation systems, demographic characteristics, cultural patterns, settlement patterns, and tourism, the two authors and four collaborators have summarized many current conditions. The inclusion of numerous statistics reinforces the discussion, as well as giving readers a useful collection of data about contemporary Nepal (although the lack of an index diminishes their accessibility somewhat).

Two Women On The Verge Of A Contextual Breakthrough: Using 'A Feminist Dictionary' In The Literature Classroom, Sheila Reiter, Barbara Dibernard

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Barbara: The following dialogue relates our experiences using A Feminist Dictionary (AFD) in literature classes. My perspective is that of a feminist teacher who has found AFD to be a useful tool in bringing feminist theory and practice into alignment in the classroom. I believe it is crucial to connect the personal and the public and to connect theory and practice. One of my primary goals as a teacher is to get students to see them selves as agents who are capable of resistance and of personal and social change. In order to facilitate that, we examine hierarchy and power …

Review Of Claiming The High Ground: Sherpas, Subsistence, And Environmental Change In The Highest Himalaya By Stanley F. Stevens., Robert Stoddard

Geography Program: Faculty Publications

If we were to believe everything proclaimed in the popular press, we would conclude that most of the vegetation and soil on the slopes of the Himalayas is being destroyed by humans—by either the local inhabitants or foreign tourists. To place these shrill proclamations in perspective, it is essential to have scholars carefully investigate the myriad of interrela-tionships among natural and human phenomena and to report their findings in a manner that recognizes the complexity of environmental changes. Such a service has been provided by Ives and Messerli in their book, The Himalayan Dilemma: Reconciling Development and Conservation (London, New …

Proposal For Center For Grassland Studies, Ron Case, Dick Clark, Charles A. Francis, Tony Joern, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Lowell E. Moser, Bob Shearman, Ken Vogel, Steven S. Waller

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Its my pleasure, on behalf of the Grassland Studies Task Force, to forward a proposal for a Center for Grassland Studies for your consideration. The Task Force is extremely pleased with the overwhelming support from a broad base of input. The Task Force has made a major effort through internal and external listening sessions to insure that there was support and in doing so develop a coalition of partners across the University of Nebraska System, state colleges, community colleges, industry, state and federal agencies, public groups, private non-profit organizations and other educational institutions in the region.

Nebraska has a rich …

Using Geographic Information Systems For Tracking An Urban Rodent Control Program, Matt Von Wahlde, Bruce A. Colvin

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Geographic information system technology is being used to help coordinate an urban rodent control program initiated as part of the Central Artery/Tunnel Project in Boston. Databases with neighborhood survey data, surface and subsurface baiting data, sanitation code violations, and public complaints are linked to base mapping, land parcel, and utility graphics. This integrated approach helps Project biologists plan control strategies and evaluate the relatedness of rodent activity to environmental conditions. Spatial querying techniques and the ability to graphically display and map variables, such as bait stations and sanitation deficiencies, help ensure that control resources are effectively targeted and tracked. This …

Rural Population Change On The Canadian Prairies, William J. Carlyle

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Rapid change is a hallmark of rural settlement on the Canadian Prairies. All the stages from the initial trickle of pioneers through the closer settlement of established farms to widespread and severe depopulation have been telescoped into a mere one to five generations. This paper focuses upon the geographical patterns of rural population change within the region during the twentieth century. Fundamental to this purpose are township population maps. Several main sub-regions of population change are identified. The grassland zones were settled relatively late, the rural population peaked early at moderate to low densities, and decline to sparse populations was …

The Effects Of Migration Upon The Quality Of Life Of Elderly Movers In A Small Prairie City: The Case Of Brandon, Manitoba, John Everitt, Barbara Gfellner

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Mobility decisions and the effects of migration upon the quality of life of elderly people who had recently relocated to or within Brandon are assessed and compared with the responses ofa non-mover "control group." Although confirming many established results concerning the migration of the elderly, other conclusions also emerged. For instance, migrants and non-movers have a number of different social demographic characteristics, and their needs and desires appear to be quite dissimilar. Although non-movers appear apprehensive about the future, many movers see positive outcomes, in terms of life satisfaction, resulting from their migration. The research also raises the question of …