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Pulsed Laser Annealing Of Gaas Implanted With Se And Si, Andrzej Rys, Yanan Shieh, Alvin Compann, Huade Yao, Ajit Bhat

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Carrier activation and mobility were studied by Raman spectroscopy and the Hall effect in pulsed laser annealed samples of GaAs implanted with doses of Si and Se from 2.2. x 10¹² to 6.0 x 10¹⁴ cm^-2. The samples were annealed using a pulsed XeCl excimer laser ( = 308 nm) and a pulsed dye laser (=728 nm) with energy densities from 0.06 to 0.9 J/cm² and pulse durations of about 10 ns. Very high carrier concentrations of 3 x 10¹⁹ and 1.5 x 10¹⁹ cm^-3 were obtained for the best n-type GaAs …

Insect, Plant Disease, And Weed Science News, No. 90-2, March 23, 1990, Alex Martin, Bob N. Stougarrd

Insect, Plant Disease, and Weed Science News (1987-1992)

In This Issue

Plant Disease

Avoid Heavy Fertilizing in Early Spring to Prevent Lawn Diseases ................................... 7

Multi-resistant Alfalfa Offers Security from Diseases ........................................ 8

Plan Plantings to Avoid Cedar Apple Rust .............. 8

Avoiding Salt? Do the Same for Your Plant. .......... 8

Insects

Com Rootwonn Control Starts with Careful Planning ......................................... 9

Examine Trees Now for InsectEggs ....................... 9

Anny Cutwonns Advance Into Dawson County ......................................... 10

Pest Scouting Guides Available ............................. 10

Inspection, Treatment Keys to Houseplant Pest Control.. ....................... 10

When Carpenter Ants Come Marching, Protect Your Home ........................................... 11

Weed Science

Early Application the Key …

Twinning In Cattle: 111. Effects Of Twinning On Dystocia, Reproductive Traits, Calf Survival, Calf Growth And Cow Productivity, K. E. Gregory, S. E. Echternkamp, G. E. Dickerson, Larry V. Cundiff, R. M. Koch, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

An evaluation of natural twinning in beef cattle revealed that cows birthing twins had shorter (P < .0l) gestation lengths, more (P < .0l) retained placentas, more (P < .01) dystocia, more (P < .0l) days to estrus, lower (P < .0l) conception rates and more (P < .01) days to pregnancy than cows birthing singles. Days to estrus, conception rate and days to pregnancy were not affected by number of calves reared (1 vs 2) in cows birthing twins. Survival at birth was greater (P < .0l) for single- than for twin-born calves, but twins and singles did not differ (P > .05) in postnatal survival. When dystocia was experienced, calf survival at birth was 95% vs 73% for singles vs twins compared with 99% vs 92% when no dystocia was experienced. Calves born twins were lighter (P < .01) at birth, 100 d and 200 d, but twins and singles did not differ in postweaning gains. Total calf weights at 100 d per cow calving were 12% greater (P < .01) in cows birthing twins vs singles when twin calves reared by foster dams were! excluded. The potential increase in cow productivity for total calf weight at 100 d is 40% if calf survival rates of twins with dystocia relative to survival rates of twins without dystocia were comparable to survival rates of singles with and without dystocia, and if cows birthing twins were fed and managed to obtain conception rates equal to those of cows birthing singles. Identification of cows gestating twins to provide for their higher prepartum nutritive requirements and calving assistance at parturition is necessary to make twinning in cattle an economically viable technology.

Insect, Plant Disease, And Weed Science News, No. 90-1, March 9, 1990, Alex Martin, Bob N. Stougarrd

Insect, Plant Disease, and Weed Science News (1987-1992)

In This Issue

To Our Readers .................................................... 1

Insects

Chinch Bug Outlook ............................................. 2

Chinch Bug Survey Results .................................. 2

Early Spring Control of Cankerworm and Iris Borer ................................................... 3

Dormant Oil Sprays.................................................3

Clover Mites Getting Active........................................3

CPMU Proceedings Available .............................. 3

Plant Disease

Check Alfalfa Early for Winterkill, Disease........ .4

Winter Wheat Growers: Be Alert to Crown and Root Rot. ....................................... .4

The EBDC Situation............................................ .4

Non-Chemical Disease Control.............................. 5

Weed Science

Weed Control in Winter Wheat. ................................ .5

Beware of Miracle Herbicides .............................. 5

Alfalfa Weed Control .......................................... 6

Weed Control in Oats ........................................... 6

Its A Fact! Its A Phact!, Harlan R. Shuhler

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

To reduce the costs of providing development assistance in agriculture to the people in the Developing Countries, an international "Post-Harvest Agriculture Computer Teleconference" has been available now for more than 15 months. Suitably supplemented with electronic computer communications networks and their E-mail, these tools allow relatively inexpensive assistance. This combination offers many advantages to the organizations offering assistance and those needing help.

Bird Control On Containment Pond Sites, Lee R. Martin, Sam Hagar

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Bird deaths resulting from toxic materials in containment ponds are causing authorities to insist that action be taken to eliminate this hazard to avian wildlife. Bird control at containment pond sites is achieved by two well-known but poorly understood aversion techniques: hazing systems (sound/visual) and stretch wire. The limiting condition of either approach is that resident birds rapidly habituate while some migrating species are totally unaffected. Consequently, one must be able to accept degrees of control with an understanding of the behavior of the species involved. Birdproofing is achieved by covering an entire pond with bird net. This presentation discusses …

Development, Use, And Benefits Of The Animal Damage Control Management Information System, Darlene G. Blaney

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Animal Damage Control (ADC) Management Information System (MIS) is in the process of being updated to a relational database format on an IBM-compatible microcomputer. The background of the MIS, the development process, the information that is collected, how the information is used by program managers, and the cost benefits of the automated system are addressed.

Mythology Of Vertebrate Pest Control, William D. Fitzwater

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Controlling vertebrate species obnoxious or even dangerous to them has been a concern of the human species through the evolutionary process. Early measures were often based on religious, superstitious, and biologic fantasies. While modern control measures are better biologically founded, there still remains an aura of mythology around many accepted by the public today. Examples are given of some of them: toxicants, electromagnetics, ultrasonics, and repellents for deer, moles, and raccoons.

Required Use Of Protective Bait Stations In The U. S., William W. Jacobs

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Beginning in the 1960s, labels for federally registered commensal rodenticides have been required to bear a statement to the effect that the baits are to be contained in "tamper-proof bait boxes" when used in locations accessible to children and nontarget animals. Faced with ample evidence of noncompliance with the letter and spirit of this portion of the label, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a policy statement (PR Notice 83-5) and scheduled public hearings on matters pertaining to bait stations and nontarget exposure incidents involving rodenticides. EPA's findings indicate that, while some clarifications of its policies might be …

Effects Of Field Vertebrate Pest Control On Nontarget Wildlife (With Emphasis On Bird And Rodent Control), E.E. Littrell

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Vertebrate pest control measures may have an impact on nontarget wildlife. Bird and rodent control programs using avicides and rodenticides in California have been, and are currently being, examined by the California Department of Fish and Game on a routine basis. Each pesticide used has its deleterious side effects. This paper reviews these side effects and suggests possible future impacts which could be expected.

Keynote Address--Thoughts On The Future Of Vertebrate Pest Management, Russell F. Reidinger Jr.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

I greatly appreciated the invitation to attend this Conference, and to share some thoughts on the future of vertebrate pest management in the form of a Keynote Address.


In making the presentation, I will dwell mostly on a single document. This document is entitled “Strategic Plan for Animal Damage Control,” and became available in December 1989, from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS).

The document is one of the products from a strategic planning process that began in APHIS about 2 years ago, and continues today. The process began at the highest level of …

The Human Element In Wildlife Damage Situations, Ron J. Johnson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

The field of prevention and control of wildlife damage is changing and evolving along with clientele needs, pressures from user and non-user groups, and other factors. A theoretical overview of the field may offer an action model regarding changing trends and potential responses. I propose that three things happen every time a wildlife damage problem occurs: 1) A human activity, desire, or need is interfered with, 2) the experience fosters an opinion about a wild animal - usually negative, and 3) a decision is made to tolerate the situation or to control it. If control is selected, availability and effectiveness …

Rabies Control For Urban Foxes, Skunks, And Raccoons, Richard C. Rosatte, Michael J. Power, Charles D. Macinnes, Kenneth F. Lawson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Rabies is currently enzootic in many cities of southern Ontario. The Ministry of Natural Resources is utilizing two different tactics for the control of rabies in urban wildlife rabies vectors-oral immunization with baits (foxes) and vaccination by injection following live-capture (skunks and raccoons). Between 47 and 79% of the skunks and 61 and 76% of the raccoons were captured and vaccinated (Imrab) in a 60-km2 urban area of Metropolitan Toronto during 1987, 1989. Only three cases of rabies in skunks have been reported since control began in 1987. Population increases of 120% for skunks and 40% for raccoons were noted …

Frightening Methods And Devices/Stimuli To Prevent Mammal Damage-- A Review, Ann E. Koehler, Rex E. Marsh, Terrell P. Salmon

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Various frightening stimuli, primarily visual and acoustic, have been used to prevent or alleviate damage by depredating mammals (e.g., deer (Odocoileus spp.), raccoons (Procyon lotor), tree squirrels (Sciurus spp.), coyotes (Canis latrans). Frightening methods are most appropriate for use where a crop or situation needs protection from pest mammals for only a period of a few days or weeks. The ability of animals to habituate to such stimuli limits their long-term usefulness. Against nocturnal species, various types of lights and noisemakers are the most useful. Combining acoustic and visual stimuli can enhance effectiveness, while …

Differential Toxicity And Taste Aversion To Strychnine Of Three Subspecies Of The California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus Beecheyi), Walter E. Howard, Stephen D. Palmateer, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Three subspecies of the California ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi) were studied. In the first test of Experiment 1, Beechey (S. b. beecheyi), Douglas (S. b. douglasii), and, for comparative purposes, Sierra (S. b. sierrae) ground squirrels were each offered a drinking tube containing one of three H₂0 solutions of strychnine sulfate (0.01, 0.05, or 0.5%) after being deprived of water for 23 hr. In Test 2 the survivors of Test 1 were offered for 24 hr a free choice of distilled water and two of the above concentrations of strychnine …

Sorghum Nutritional Quality, Gebisa Ejeta, Edwin T. Mertz, Lloyd Rooney, Robert Schaffer, John M. Yohe

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Table of Contents

Opening Session Page

Introduction, D. W. Thomas

Purpose of Conference, R. Schaffert

The Sorghum Producers Views on Sorghum Quality Improvement, L. Rooney

Importance of Sorghum on a Global Scale, B. Maunder

Relevance of International Sorghum and Millet Research to U.S. Agriculture, J. M. Yohe

Nebline, March 1990

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news

"Book Reviews," From Nebraska Bird Review (March 1990)

Nebraska Bird Review

The Outermost House, Henry Beston, introduction by Robert Finch, xxiv + 222 pp. Penguin Books, New York, soft cover $6.95.

This book is part of the Penguin Nature Library. In 1925, Henry Beston bought a small acreage on Cape Cod and built a two room home there, in which he lived for a year. The book is a record of that period: his observations on the sea, the land and its creatures and features, and anything else that attracted his attention. His observations are interesting to read just for themselves, but some items invite comparison of those times with the …

Absorption Of Equations For Non-Parents For An Animal Model With Maternal Effects And Genetic Groups, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Rules for forming the mixed-model equations for the reduced animal model with all relationships and including maternal effects have been set out by Quaas and Pollak. They also have shown how to simplify the mixed-model equations when genetic group effects are included in the model with what has become known as the Q-P transformation. Westell has given rules for calculating the coefficients for the Q-P transformed equations that are associated with the inverse of the numerator relationship matrix and genetic group effects. Those rules can be extended to include maternal effects and genetic groups for maternal as well as direct …

Nebline, February 1990

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news

Distribution Of Polyploid Variation In Big Bluestem (Andropogon Gerardii, Poaceae) Across The Tallgrass Prairie Region, Kathleen H. Keeler

Kathleen H. Keeler Publications

The objective of this research was to describe the distribution of polyploid cytotypes of the grass big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) along an east-west transect across the tallgrass prairie region, as an integral part of understanding the function of intraspecific polyploid polymorphism. Andropogon gerardii shows intraspecific variation in amount of nuclear DNA as a result of intraspecific poly-ploidy. Nearly 600 plants from 15 prairies in 5 states were collected and nuclear DNA was determined by flow cytometry. In the eastern part of the tallgrass prairie region, higher polyploids were rarely found. However, at the western edge of the tallgrass …

Wpa News 27 (1990), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (February 1990), number 27

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Back To The Future Of The Great Plains, Frederick C. Luebke

Department of History: Faculty Publications

Americans have never really known what to do with the Great Plains. The future of this huge area stretching from Texas to Montana--roughly 20 percent of the contiguous forty-eight states--has been debated for more than a century, even before the term "Great Plains" itself had come into common usage. In 1878, for example, John Wesley Powell argued in his Report on the Lands of the Arid Regions of the United States that fundamental changes had to be made in the American land system in order to bring government policy into conformity with environmental realities in the Great Plains and other …

Germans In The New World: Essays In The History Of Immigration, Frederick C. Luebke

Department of History: Faculty Publications

In some respects the new immigration history contrasts strongly with the old. Whereas the traditional was assimilationist and stressed the cultural contributions of the newcomers, the new is more often pluralist and focuses on cultural conflict. The old tended to describe individual accomplishment and, drawing upon readily available sources such as letters, speeches, diaries, and other qualitative sources, was unintentionally elitist; the new analyzes the relationships of the ethnic group (i.e., the masses of ordinary people of limited skills in communication) with elements of the receiving society, including other ethnocultural collectivities. It uses quantitative sources, such as census manuscripts, tax …

10. Appraisal: The Teachers' Perspective, Peg Shafer

Assessment of Teaching: Purposes, Practices, and Implications for the Profession

The Discovery Channel on TV has some terrific programming. Not too long ago I watched a scientist explain why it is that the position of a stranded boat will not change even when it is tossed around by giant storms. The theory is that waves move across the water rather than the water itself moving. The wave moves along in a circular motion, propelled by big or small forces depending on what started it in the first place. As long as nothing interrupts the roll of the wave, it will pass and leave everything as it was before.

At the …

9. Teaching Assessment: The Administrator's Perspective, John R. Hoyle

Assessment of Teaching: Purposes, Practices, and Implications for the Profession

School administrators, especially principals, are under great pressure to insure high levels of teacher competence. Because the school effectiveness research has demonstrated convincingly that effective schools begin with effective principals, Peterson and Finn (1985) drew a less than surprising conclusion by stating that "Practically never does one encounter a good school with a bad principal" (p. 42). A less pedantic east Texas superintendent put it this way, "Bad principals are like fish; you either can 'em or smell 'em for a long time." It is in the complex area of teaching assessment or teacher evaluation that principals draw the most …

6. Measuring Performance In Teacher Assessment, Richard J. Stiggins

Assessment of Teaching: Purposes, Practices, and Implications for the Profession

In performance assessment, the examinee is called upon to display behaviors or produce products which an observer evaluates in terms of pre-specified performance standards. This kind of measurement plays a major role in many school evaluation contexts, including both student and teacher evaluation. The observation and evaluation of a teacher's performance in the classroom represents one of many excellent sources of information on teacher capabilities and the effectiveness of instruction. The purpose of this chapter is to review the various ways performance assessment methodology can serve in teacher-assessment contexts.

The review begins with a summary of the range of settings …

4. Assessing The Quality Of Teacher Assessment Tests, William A. Mehrens

Assessment of Teaching: Purposes, Practices, and Implications for the Profession

This chapter discusses some of the types of evidences that are appropriate for assessing the quality of teacher-licensure tests. Licensure tests are used to make dichotomous decisions, so reliability estimates of the consistency of decisions are needed. Because the inference of interest has to do with the minimum competency necessary to prevent harm from coming to the clients, it is argued that content validity is the type of validity evidence most appropriate for licensure tests. However, evidences for criterion-related validity, construct validity and "curricular validity" are also discussed. The issue of whether the cut score on a licensure test should …

Stampeding Shareholders And Other Myths: Target Shareholders And Hostile Tender Offers, C. Steven Bradford

Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications

Hostile tender offers have captured broad public attention. Almost every businessman, business lawyer, and student of corporate law knows the basic script. A bidder, often described pejoratively as a raider, makes a public tender offer to purchase a controlling block of the stock of another corporation, known as the target. Target management opposes the offer, but because board approval is not necessary to complete a tender offer, the decision rests in the hands of the target shareholders. If enough of the target shareholders tender, the bidder gains control, and any remaining shareholders are cashed out in a merger between the …

1990-91 Unopa Annual Report

UNOPA: Annual Reports

No abstract provided.