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Proceedings Of The Fourth Eastern Pine And Meadow Vole Symposium, February 21-22, 1980

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Entire Symposium

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE FOURTH EASTERN PINE AND MEADOW VOLE SYMPOSIUM
The Fourth Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposium was held in Hendersonvi1le, North Carolina February 21 and 22, 1980 for the primary purpose of assessing the current status of research and extension pro¬grams relating to the problem of vole damage to fruit trees. The meeting was designed to be informative and to create an atmosphere whereby growers and various agencies such as EPA, USDA, USDI, the chemical industry and university personnel could observe the current thrust of vole research programs and their potential impact on future control methods. …

Management Model For Pine Voles: Preliminary Report, John F. Coyle, Alan R. Tipton

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The use of computer models in scientific research has grown by leaps and bounds in the past decade. One of the primary reasons for this growth is the increased realization that computers and more specifically computer models, can be useful tools in synthe¬sizing large amounts of information and providing insight into problem areas of research and management.

Numerous books and papers have been written on the justification for modeling, the philosophy of modeling, and model development and utilization. Recent reviews of small mammal population models are given by Conley and Nichols (1978) and Stenseth (1977). This paper will not address …

The Probe, Issue 4 - February 1980

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:
THE SECRETARY'S DECISION
Interior Goal No. 1
CEQ Recommendation
NADCA Response
Interior Goal No. 2
Interior Goal No. 3
Interior Goal No. 4
Interior Goal No. 5
Interior Goal Mo. 6
Interior Restriction No. 1
Interior Restriction No. 3
Interior Restriction Mo, 2
Interior Restriction No. 4
Interior Research Directives No. 1
Interior Research Directive No. 2
Interior Research Directive No. 3
Interior Research Directive No. 4
Interior Proposed Budget
NADCA Animal Damage Control Program Recommendations
SEE WHAT THE PUBLIC THINKS OF ADC?

Agricultural Experiment Station News February 1980

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
GENERAL NOTES
NEWSLETTER READER INPUT NEEDED
REMINDER TO STAFF
GRANTS
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS - January 1979
BULLETINS PRINTED

Cc294 Revised 1980 How Much Fat And How Much Calories Are You Eating?

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Campaign Circular 294 revised 1980 is about the essential intake of fat in your diet, as well as directions on figuring out how many calories and grams of fat you should be consuming each day. It also includes how much cholesterol is in certain types of foods, and charts of how much fat, what kinds of fat, how much sugar, and how many calories are in these foods. The revision includes improved charts and graphs as well as updated facts.

The Extrafloral Nectaries Of Ipomoea Leptophylla (Convolvulaceae), Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Ipomoea leptophylla Torr. (Convolvulaceae) is a sprawling dry-site morning glory with two types of extrafloral nectaries: foliar nectaries and nectaries on the outside of the sepals. Both are shown to greatly increase insect visitation to the plant. Ants visiting sepal-surface nectaries significantly decrease flower damage caused by grasshoppers and seed losses caused by bruchids. These results are similar to those for I. carnea and other plants whose extrafloral nectary-ant interactions have been studied, but differ in detail. This is the first demonstration of antiherbivore defense of a prairie plant by nectary visitors.

Ultrastructure Of Sarcocystis Sporocysts From Passerine Birds And Opossums: Comments On Classification Of The Genus Isospora, Edith D. Box, Alan A. Marchiondo, Donald W. Duszynski, C. Patrick Davis

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Sporocysts were obtained from the feces of opossums (Didelphis virginiana) which had been fed muscles of passerine birds (Molothrus ater and Cassidix mexicanus) infected with Sarcocystis. Sporocysts were examined by phase microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Ridges on the surface of the sporocysts outlined four plates. Thin sections of the sporocyst wall showed thickened regions and gaps interpreted as cross sections of the ridges. The sporocyst wall has four major layers with a thick, granular inner layer which resembles the inner layer of sporocysts of related species. Excystation structures are discussed as a …

Parasite Population Regulation: Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Leptorhynchoides Thecatus (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) On Hyalella Azteca (Amphipoda), Richard L. Uznanski, Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The hypothesis that Leptorhynchoides thecatus populations are regulated by mortality of heavily infected intermediate hosts, Hyalella azteca, was examined experimentally. Mortality related to the infection process could not be demonstrated because no survivorship difference occurred between amphipod groups exposed to L. thecatus and unexposed control groups after 24 hours Likewise, amphipod mortality could not be associated with infection intensity during this period. Amphipod mortality, growth, and infection intensity were monitored for 25 days after a 24-hour exposure period. Cystacanths were infective to fish after 25 days. Survivorship of exposed amphipods was at least as great as that of unexposed …

Genetic And Economic Implications Of Fetal Effects On The Dam, L. Dale Van Vleck, L. P. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The genetic model for fetal effect on production of the dam is described, and studies on genetic and economic implications are reviewed. The effect on production from the sire of the cow has 1.58 to 3.02 times as much economic value as the effect from the sire of the fetus. The use of mate records in evaluating a sire in addition to daughter records could increase economic gain from selection by 1 to 2% depending on the variation from sire of fetus. Mate records alone do not appear valuable for sire selection. About 1% of the variation in milk yield …

Compensatory Response Of Maturing Corn Kernels Following Simulated Damage By Birds, Paul P. Woronecki, Robert A. Stehn, Richard A. Dolbeer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

(1) A study was made to measure compensatory growth responses and to estimate losses associated with bird damage to maturing corn.
(2) Corn kernels contain 20-40% of their final biomass at the time they are usually consumed by blackbirds.
(3) Very slight compensation of kernel weight occurred following simulated bird damage to tip kernels.
(4) Heavy bird damage, early in kernel development, increased fungal, sprouting, and insect damage before harvest.
(5) Estimates of bird damage, subsequent secondary damage, and compensation were affected by the amount of damage, maturity of the kernels at the time of damage, and environmental factors before, …

Take A Beetle To Lunch Today Or The Natural History Of Dung Beetles, Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

The appellation "dung beetles" refers to those scarab beetles that are usually found with animal feces either feeding on or depositing eggs in it. While this at first may seem like an incredibly unsavory topic, the fact remains that numerous creatures exist that feed on the waste products of other animals. And, as it turns out, it's a good thing they do.

The Scarabaeidae, or scarabs, is one of the larger families of beetles; it has 30,000 plus species worldwide and approximately 15,000 species in North America. (See my Museum Notes of March 1970.) The family is divided into subfamilies …

Inbreeding Effects On Layer Performance At Two Levels Of Protein Intake, Alan Emsley, G. E. Dickerson, R. S. Gowe

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The growth and laying performance of two strains (6 and 8) after two generations of close inbreeding (44%) were compared with that of their reciprocal crosses ( 6 X 8 and 8X6) under two levels (17% and 13%) of dietary protein and a corresponding 19% reduction in daily protein intake.

Inbreeding effects were large for most traits measured, including body weights, components of egg production, and egg quality.

Reduced dietary protein had adverse effects upon viability, egg mass, age at first egg, and body weight late in the laying period. However, this dietary modification improved egg mass produced per kilogram …

New Species Of Coprini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) Taken From The Pelage Of Three Toed Sloths (Bradypus Tridactylus L.) (Edentata: Bradypodidae) In Central Amazonia With A Brief Commentary On Scarab-Sloth Relationships, Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Two of three species of Scarabaeidae associated with the three toed sloth in the vicinity of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil are described as new: Trichillum adisi and Uroxys besti. The pupa and third stage larva of T. adisi are described. Ecological aspects of the sloth-scarab associations are discussed.

Strategus Syphax (Fabr.):A Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Pupa (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae : Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe, Fortune Chalumeau

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

The third instar larva and pupa of Strategus syphax (Fabr.) are described, and a key is presented for the known larvae of the genus Strategus.

Wrcc-42 "Evaluation Of Methods To Control Rodent Damage To Hay, Range And Grain Crops"

Western Region Coordinating Committee for Vertebrate Pests of Agriculture, Forestry, and Public Lands (WCC-95)

December 11

9:00 a.m. Welcome and Introduction; Ralph A. Young, Associate Director, Nevada Agr. Exp. Sta.; Paul T. Tuel1er, Administrative Advisor to WRCC-42; Committee members and visitors

9:30 Discussion of procedures for a WRCC and WRCC-42 in particular

10:00 Break

10:20 Discussion of Coordinating Committee objectives

12:00 lunch

1:30 - Presentation of research activities being conducted by

5:00 the various committee members

December 12

8:30 a.m. Continued presentation and discussion of research

10:00 Break

10:20 - General discussion of committee concerns.

12:00 Election of committee officers.

Selection of next meeting time and place.

Ec80-1509 Insect Control Guide For Corn And Sorghum In Nebraska, R. E. Roselle, D. L. Keith, L. L. Peters

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 80-1509: Insect control guide for corn and sorghum.

Ec17-11-80 Nebraska Outdoor Education Series: Plant A Tree, Joe Range, John D. Orr

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Not all trees or shrubs can find a home in your yard or apartment. Help your child to discover a home for the tree or shrub he or she grows or receives. The greatest benefit of this Plant-A-Tree project is being close to a living plant. This project will: introduce five tree planters - one from each area of Nebraska, discuss the parts of tree seeds, give examples of how tree seeds travel, discuss preparation of soil, demonstrate how to grow a seedling tree from seed, demonstrate how to transplant a tree, and offer suggestions for activities and exhibits.

G80-493 Developing Replacement Beef Heifers (Weaning-Breeding), Gene H. Deutscher

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the proper selection, nutrition, breeding, and management of replacement beef heifers from weaning to breeding. Proper selection and development of replacement heifers is one of the most important management programs in beef production. Replacement heifers should be selected and managed so they will conceive and calve early in the calving season, provide adequate milk production, and rebreed and calve every 365 days. Heifers bred as yearlings to calve as two-year-olds will produce an extra calf in their lifetime compared to heifers calving as three-year-olds, without detrimental effects on mature size, milk production, or calf weaning weights. The …

Influence Of Testicular Steroids On Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone-Induced Prolactin Release In Mature Rams, Bruce D. Schanbacher

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Prolactin (PRL) concentrations were measured in serum of intact rams, castrate rams, and steroid-treated castrate rams to determine whether testicular steroids influence PRL secretion in this species. Testosterone was administered to castrate rams by subdermal Silastic implants providing serum testosterone concentrations similar to those found in intact rams; estradiol was administered similarly to castrate rams, providing a ten-fold elevation of serum estradiol. Testosterone and estradiol implants decreased serum LH to concentrations found in intact rams, whereas estradiol, but not testosterone, effectively increased basal concentrations of PRL. This effect was most apparent when animals were exposed to short photoperiods (8 hours …

Ec80-130 A 1980 Guide For Herbicide Use In Nebraska, John D. Furrer, Alex Martin, Fred W. Roeth

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension circular 80-130 is a 1980 guide for herbicide use in Nebraska.

G80-524 Incubation For The Home Flock, Earl W. Gleaves

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide covers how to build and operate an incubator to hatch eggs for a home flock.

Various makes and models of commercial incubators are available for use by the home flock owner.

The Probe, Issue 3 - January 1980

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:

GROWING PAINS
MORE WAYS TO SKIN A CAT
One of the five pieces of anti-trap legislation pending in the 96th Congress
really tight trap cover where you can't return to check a trap in time to conform with regulations
LIST OF HONORABLE HEROES
NADCA CHARTER MEMBERSHIP LIST

G80-495 Managing Two-Year-Old Beef Heifers (Calving - Rebreeding), Gene H. Deutscher

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the nutrition and management practices recommended for beef heifers during precalving, calving, and early lactation periods. Proper development of replacement heifers has a great influence on the success of calving and rebreeding them as two-year-olds. NebGuide G80-493, Developing Replacement Beef Heifers (Weaning-Breeding), points out that proper selection, adequate nutrition, and judgment in sire selection are all important management factors for developing heifers into high producing cows. With good management before breeding, a high percentage of heifers should be bred early in a short breeding season. Heifers should be pregnancy checked and the open ones culled. Thereafter, the …

Population Regulation In Wolves, Jane M. Packard, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The possibility of social regulation of wolf populations has been discussed in the literature for several years. Some of the first ecological studies of wolves indicated that their populations did not increase as rapidly as was theoretically possible, and that they reached a saturation point apparently not set by food. Subsequent captive studies demonstrated the existence of social mechanisms possibly capable of regulating population growth. However, the importance of these factors in wild populations has not been established. This paper has four objectives: (1) to evaluate the existing concept of "intrinsic limitation," (2) to propose that wolf population dynamics may …

G80-536 Reproductive Trace Anatomy And Physiology Of The Bull, Gene H. Deutscher

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Understanding the anatomy and physiology of the bull's reproductive tract is beneficial for proper management. Good reproductive performance of a bull is necessary to obtain a high percent calf crop. A bull must be fertile and capable of servicing a large number of cows during a short breeding season for optimum production. Understanding the anatomy and physiology of the bull's reproductive tract is beneficial for proper management. A basic knowledge of the reproductive system will also help the producer to understand fertility examinations, reproductive problems and breeding impairments.

A Statistical Analysis Of The Quality Of Surface Water In Nebraska, R. A. Engberg

United States Geological Survey: Publications

This report provides descriptive statistics for 29 chemical or biological constituents for 109 stream sites in Nebraska sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey beginning in 1946. Also provided for each site are regression equations relating specific conductance to each of 12 chemical constituents and a regression equation relating specific conductance to stream discharge. The descriptive statistics are presented by river basins. Water leaving these basins that has the lowest mean specific conductance (266 umho/cm) is from the Niobrara River at Verdel, and water that has the highest (1,890 umho/cm) is from the South Platte River at Roscoe. Statewide, the principal …

G80-537 Reproductive Trace Anatomy And Physiology Of The Cow, Gene H. Deutscher

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Knowledge of basic reproduction will help a producer to obtain higher conception rates when using estrous synchronization and/or artificial insemination. The reproductive performance of a cow herd has a great influence on the income and profit realized. A good understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the cow's reproductive system is, therefore, beneficial for successful management. Knowledge of basic reproduction will help a producer to obtain higher conception rates when using estrous synchronization and/or artificial insemination. It will also allow for a better understanding of pregnancy examinations, reproductive diseases and calving difficulty problems.

Wheat Straw In Growing Cattle Diets, Gary Lesoing, Ivan G. Rush, Terry Klopfenstein, John Ward

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Three cattle growth trials were conducted to evaluate the use of untreated and alkali-treated wheat straw as energy sources for ruminants. In trial 1, daily gain decreased as level of untreated wheat straw increased in the diet. A 14% decrease in gain occurred when the level of straw was increased from 30 to 40% of the diet. In trial 2, cattle fed 4% NaOH-treated wheat straw at the 30 or 60% level had better daily gains and feed efficieneies (Pvs. .54 kg/day). In addition, in this trial, cattle fed 50% treated wheat straw gained faster (Pvs. .62 kg/day).

Agricultural Experiment Station News January 1980

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS - December 1979
BULLETINS PRINTED

Animal Science Newsletter, Winter 1980

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

1980 Animal Science Reunion Successful
Animal Science Enrollment Grows
Department has Comprehensive Review
Graduate Students Receive Widaman Trust Awards
Animal Science Staff Recognized
Newer Additions to the Animal Science Staff
New Swine Unit in Operation
Block and Bridle Club Receives National Honor
Japanese Students Study at UNL
From the Readers
Staff Members Named to National Offices
Department Hosts International Visitors
Did You Know?
University Judging Teams Compete in National Events