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1984 (Twenty-Seventh) Fall Occurrence Report

Nebraska Bird Review

Two hundred seventy-eight species (plus the possibility that the Empidonax species was not one listed) from twelve locations are listed in this report. Comparable figures for previous years are 262 species from 10 locations in 1983, 269 species from 10 localities in 1982, and 277 species from 14 locations in 1981.

The information is presented in a rough west (left) to east (right) order, with locations of about the same longitude listed with the northernmost first. Two dates indicate the first and last records for the period.

"Book Reviews," From Nebraska Bird Review (March 1985) 53(1).

Nebraska Bird Review

A Birdwatcher's Miscellany, edited by Rob Hume, 192 pp. 5.5 x 8.75, Blandford Press, UK, Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., New York, bibliography, indexed, hardbound.

This is a collection of short (about a three page maximum) comments on birds in the field, by British authors from 1836 to 1983, with many line drawings from similar sources. The instances are primarily from the British Isles, with a few from other parts of the world. These are grouped by Familiar Birds, Seabirds and Islands, Birds of Prey, Wildfowl, and Waders and Wilderness. Each individual selection can be read separately, so it is …

Nebraska Bird Review (March 1985) 53(1), Whole Issue.

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

Treasurer's Report .................2

Three Species of Siberian Geese Seen in Nebraska .................3

1984 (Twenty-seventh) Fall Occurrence Report .................5

1984 Christmas Count .................18

Book Reviews .................23

Notes................. 24

A Monograph Of The Genus Pheidole In Florida (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Marcio A. Naves

Insecta Mundi

The genus Pheidole is one of the more important ant genera in the world Approximately 1000 species are now known. Over 400 of these are found in the Neotropical region (Kempf, 1972), and about 75 taxa are known from North America north of Mexico. Pheidole spp. are abundant in many areas, and live in varying habitats ranging from the humid tropics to deserts. They are able to survive in some areas by their habits of collecting and storing seeds as food resources. They are also scavengers of dead insects and other animals, and can be predacious. Some species tends aphids …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 17, No. 1. March 1985

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COMMUNITY ANALYSIS OF THE FOREST VEGETATION IN THE LOWER PLATTE RIVER VALLEY, EASTERN NEBRASKA ▪ S. J. Rothenberger

RECOLONIZATION OF A BURNED PRAIRIE BY MEADOW VOLES (Microtus pennsylvanicus) ▪ P. L. Vacanti and K. N. Geluso

AMERICAN COOT HABITAT IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ H. A. Kantrud

OBSERVATIONS ON PRAIRIE DOG DISPERSAL IN MONTANA ▪ C. J. Knowles

WINTER FOOD HABITS OF THE SWIFT FOX ON THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS ▪ D. M. Zumbaugh and J. R. Choate

BOOK REVIEW

Ground …

Classification, Paleoecology, And Biostratigraphy Of Crinoids From The Stull Shale (Late Pennsylvanian) Of Nebraska, Kansas, And Iowa, Roger K. Pabian, Harrell L. Strimple

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

Thirteen species of crinoids representing the families Diphuicrinidae, catacrinidae, Pirasocrinidae, Erisocrinidae, Cromyocrinidae, Cymbiocrinidae, Scytalocrinidae, and Ampelocrinidae have been collected from the Stull Shale Member of the Kanwaka Formation in the Shawnee Group of the Virgil Series (Upper Pennsylvanian) from near Weeping Water and Plattsmouth, Nebraska, and near Pacific Junction, Iowa. Exposures of the Stull Shale near Melvern, Kansas, have yielded 14 species of crinoids representing the families Diphuicrinidae, Catacrinidae, Pirasocrinidae, Lophocrinidae Allagecrinidae, Cymbiocrinidae, Erisocrinidae, Apographiocrinidae, and Stellarocrinidae. All but two of the species present in the Stull Shale have been previously reported from other stratigraphic horizons, including the Vinland Shale …

"1984 Christmas Count," From Nebraska Bird Review (March 1985) 53(1).

Nebraska Bird Review

Ninety-nine species (seven more than last year) were reported on the 1984 Christmas Count, and two species (compared to three last year) were reported as present during the count period but not recorded on the count day on any count. The same eight localities reported in both years. Eighteen species were reported on all counts this year, compared to thirteen last year. The total individual count this year was 345,052; in 1983 it was 43,652, but in 1982 it was 302,646. Almost 74% of this year's count was due to the concentration of Red-wings in Omaha; in 1982 the high …

Masthead From Nebraska Bird Review (March 1985) 53(1).

Nebraska Bird Review

Published quarterly in March, June, September, and December by the Nebraska Ornithologists' Union, Inc. as its official journal and sent free to all members who are not in arrears for dues. Subscriptions (on calendar year basis only) are $7.00 per year in the United States and $9.00 per year in all other countries payable in advance. Single copies are $2.25 each, postpaid.

Three Species Of Siberian Geese Seen In Nebraska, Rick Wright, Alan Grenon

Nebraska Bird Review

At about 3:00 PM on 29 December 1984, while participating in the DeSoto NWR Christmas Count, Betty Grenon, David Starr, and the authors, Rick Wright and Alan Grenon, flushed from near the west shore of the DeSoto Cut-off (Washington County, Nebraska) a party of seven Greater White-fronted Geese. With these seven geese was one distinctly larger, which drew our attention as the small flock flew above us for about five minutes. The larger bird displayed obvious damage to or loss of primaries on each wing, making it easier for the four of us to concentrate our observations on it and …

Reduced Nocturnal Temperatures For Early Weaned Pigs, M. C. Brumm, D. P. Shelton, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments of 5 wk duration were conducted to evaluate the effect of reduced nocturnal temperatures (RNT) on weaned pig performance. Treatments were 1) a control regimen (CR) of 30 C constant air temperature lowered 2 C/wk and 2) a regimen where the temperature from 1900 to 0700 h was lowered to 25 C for three nights followed by 20 C for four nights during the first week and then lowered 1 C/wk thereafter (RNT). Weaned pigs averaging 23 ± 2 d of age at the start of the experiments gained faster (P<.01) in the RNT treatment vs the CR treatment in Exp. 1, 2 and 3, respectively (.32 vs .28; .39 vs .37; .35 vs .34 kg/d). The improvement in gain was accompanied by an increase (P<.005) in feed intake for the same period (.48 vs .44; .61 vs .55;.58 vs .54 kg/d). There was no difference in feed conversion. Weaned pigs that were 1.9 to 2.3 kg lighter initially gained slower (P<.0005) compared with their heavier contemporaries (.27 vs .33; .33 vs .43 and .31 vs .33 kg/d) in Exp. 1, 2 and 3, respectively, This reduced gain was accompanied by a reduced (P<.0005) feed intake (.40 vs .51; .50 vs .66; .50 vs .62 kg/d). There was no interaction of initial weight and temperature regimen.

The Origin And Distribution Of Clonal Diversity In Alsophila Pometaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), Lawrence G. Harshman, Douglas J. Futuyma

Lawrence G. Harshman Publications

A survey of spatial and temporal variation in the frequency of electrophoretically defined genotypes in the geometrid moth Alsophila pometaria revealed a high diversity of uncommon or rare asexual genotypes and clinal distributions of two of the more common clones. There was substantial year-to-year variation in genotype frequencies in seven of eleven sites. Progeny tests have revealed that sexual reproduction is uncommon in two populations and that new asexual genotypes arise from the sexual population. The recurrent origin of asexual genotypes is likely to account for the high genetic and ecological diversity of the asexual contingent of this species’ populations, …

Heritability Estimates Of Milk Production From Daughter On Dam Regression By Year And Management Level, L. Dale Van Vleck, L. R. Cox, S. L. Mirande

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Heritability estimated by year of freshening for first-lactation milk records of artificially sired Holstein cows in the northeastern United States from daughter on dam regression averaged about .34 on the linear scale and .31 on the logarithmic scale. Little change could be detected from 1965 to 1982. Number of daughter-dam pairs was 197,338. Heritability estimates on the .5 and .4 power scales always were bounded by estimates on the linear and log scales. Heritability estimates were smallest in low management levels. Residual standard deviations for measurements to the .4 power were similar for all levels of management for a particular …

A New Subspecies Of Inca Clathrata (Olivier) From Trinidad, West Indies, And Range Extensions For Inca Clathrata Sommeri Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Trichiinae), Julius Boos, Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Inca clathrata quesneli is described as a new subspecies from Trinidad, West Indies. New distribution records are given for Inca clathrata sommeri Westwood that extend its range northward in Mexico by approximately 200 km and southward into Colombia and Ecuador in South America west of the Andes. A brief analysis of the historical biogeography of Inca clathrata (Olivier) suggests vicariance (Andean uplift) to explain the separation of the clathrata/sommeri subspecies lineage, and dispersal to explain the separation and isolation of the quesneli lineage on Trinidad and occurrence of sommeri in Mesoamerica.

The Probe, Issue 50 - February 1985

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association No. 50 February, 1985
Predator Control
Forest Service
New Sheep Depredation Control Method
The Effects of Shooting
Coyotes
Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage
Coyote Lure
The Common Lab Rat
Brodifacoum
The Futre of Sport Hunting
The Defenders of Wildlife
Chaning U.S. Trapping Policy
Goats damaging the environment on San Clemente island.
ADC to USDA?
Letters to Ye Ed
Grizzly Eating Sheep

March Rice Rat, Oryzomys Palustris, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Includes information on other names used, description, range, habitat, life history and ecology, basis of classification, and recommendations of/for the march rice rat, Oryzomys palustris, in Pennsylvania, USA.

Pygmy Shrew, Microsorex Hoyi, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Includes the description, range, habitat, life history and ecology, basis of classification, and recommendations of/for the pygmy shrew (Microsorex hoyi) in Pennsylvania, USA.

Badger, Taxidea Taxus, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Includes information on another name, the description, range, habitat, life history and ecology, basis of classification, and recommendations of/for the badger, Taxidea taxus, in Pennsylvania, USA.

Tracking Mammals With Fluorescent Pigments: A New Technique, Cliff A. Lemen, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

We have developed a new technique for following the movement of small mammals at night. It entails the use of fluorescent pigments and ultraviolet light. This method allows one to gather extremely accurate information on the location of animals and to trace the movement of individuals for up to 900 m. For much of this distance a detailed record is left by the trail of pigment. It can then be determined which objects are manipulated, what plants are climbed, what burrows are entered and which items are eaten. The use of fluorescent pigments to track animals has two other major …

Animal And Forage Response To Short-Duration Rotational Grazing, Hans-Joachim G. Jung, Richard W. Rice, Ling-Jung Koong

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

It has recently been suggested that the use of a short-duration rotational grazing (SDG) system can significantly increase total beef production on rangelands. The periodic intense grazing pressure of the SDG system is assumed to retard maturation of the forage and stimulate forage growth. This combination of immature, high quality forage and greater total forage production should allow higher stocking rates and/or improved animal performance. Such a system may be of greater utility with improved pastures planted to forages possessing a greater genetic potential for growth. This study was designed to determine the animal and forage responses to SDG on …

Causes And Influences Of Repeat Breeding In Beef Cattle, Ralph R. Maurer, Sherrill E. Echternkamp

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Repeat-breeding females were classified as those females nonpregnant after two consecutive breeding seasons of 45 to 60 days' duration. Females were either naturally mated or artificially inseminated and exposed to clean-up bulls. Each year, approximately 7,000 beef females (6,803 to 7,374) at the Research Center were bred by either artificial insemination (approximately 2,000 females) and/or exposure to single or multiple sires in two breeding periods of 45 to 60 days' duration. Breeding periods were either May 15 to July 15 or November 1 to December 31 during 1979 through 1982. During the four years, 165 heifers and 241 cows (clinically …

Effects Of Sex Condition And Diet On Growth And Carcass Characteristics, John D. Crouse, Calvin L. Ferrell, Larry V. Cundiff

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Studies quantifying the differences between bulls and steers have generally shown that bulls gain more rapidly and more efficiently than steers and produce leaner carcasses. The average of these studies gave bulls a 17 percent advantage in average daily gain and a 13 percent advantage in converting feed to liveweight gain. Feed efficiencies reported in these studies were determined on animals fed to similar ages or weights. The effects of sex condition on feed efficiency of animals fed to a similar fat composition or marbling endpoint needs to be examined.

Effects Of Sex Condition, Diet, And Electrical Stimulation On The Collagen And Palatability Of Two Muscles, John D. Crouse, H. Russell Cross, Steven C. Seideman

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Meat obtained from intact males has been observed to be less tender than meat obtained from castrated males. Studies have shown that meat from intact males was one sensory panel score less tender than comparable meat from castrated males when animals were fed to about the same age. Reported studies comparing palatability characteristics of meat from bulls and steers have been made on animals fed to similar ages or weights; consequently, compared sex conditions have been confounded with carcass compositional differences.

The objectives of the present study were to determine the effects of sex condition and dietary energy density on …

Embryo Transfer In Beef Cattle Research, Ralph R. Maurer, Acacia A. Alcivar

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Embryo transfer techniques have been utilized to increase the number of desirable animals (e.g., exotic breeds) or to study factors influencing embryonic development. Embryo transfer is predominantly used at the Research Center as a research tool to answer questions about embryonic development and maternal influence on subsequent growth of the newbom calf.

Embryo transfer utilizes the techniques of 1)superovulation; 2)surgical or nonsurgical embryo collection and transfer; and 3)handling the embryo between collection and transfer. Therefore follicular development as well as fertilization rates play important roles in the production of viable embryos. A large variation in response to the superovulatory procedure …

Feed Requirements For Maintenance And Lactation Of F1 Cows Representing Diverse Biological Types, Larry D. Cundiff, Calvin L. Ferrell, Thomas G. Jenkins

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

There are significant differences in weaning weight per cow exposed to breeding among F₁ cow breed groups. (See "Characterization of Breeds Representing Diverse Biological Types: Reproduction and Maternal Performance of F₁ Cows" elsewhere in this report.) These differences are associated with variation among breeds in reproduction, milk production, and growth rate of progeny. Also, there are significant differences among F₁ cows in mature weight. Heavier mature weight is associated with more rapid growth rate of progeny, and heavier weights increase output per cow from the production system when cows are sold. However, it also increases the nutrient …

Increasing Pregnancy Rate In Beef Cattle By Clitoral Massage During Artificial Insemination, Donald D. Lunstra, W. Gordon Hays, Robert A. Bellows, Dan B. Laster

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Clitoral massage (stimulation) at the time of artificial insemination (AI) has been reported to increase pregnancy rate in lactating beef cows, but not to increase pregnancy rate in heifers. These reports have been limited to studies conducted at one location in the U.S. (Miles City, Montana), and the efficacy of clitoral massage on AI pregnancy rates of beef cattle at other geographic locations has not been reported. To our knowledge, there are no reports in the literature indicating a negative effect of clitoral stimulation on pregnancy rate of cows.

The following experiment was conducted to test the effects of clitoral …

Mineral Accretion During Prenatal Growth Of Cattle, Calvin L. Ferrell, Dan B. Laster, Ronald L. Prior

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Published data on prenatal (fetal) growth in cattle have been limited primarily to birth weights or weights and linear measurements of fetuses at different stages of gestation. Others have provided data describing fetal growth in terms of weight, nitrogen, and energy. These and other data have provided insight into the rates of protein and energy accumulation by the fetus during development and serve as bases for the estimation of protein and energy requirements for fetal development. Objectives of the present study were to describe the patterns of calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and …

Muscle Fiber Studies Comparing Bos Indicus And Bos Taurus Cattle, Steven C. Seideman

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Beef cattle can be classified as either Bos taurus or Bos indicus. Bos taurus breeds of cattle are those originating from Europe,whereas Bos indicus are those breeds originating from India and southeast Asia to include such breeds as Brahman, Sahiwal, Baran, etc. Because of the heat and disease resistance of Bos indicus breeds of cattle, they have been used intensively in the southern U.S. However, some studies have shown Bos indicus breeds of cattle to produce carcasses with less marbling and less tender meat than Bos taurus breeds. Since carcass and meat characteristics are a reflection of the muscle …

4-H 150 4-H Recreational Games For 4-H'Ers, Other Youth And Volunteer Leaders : Just To Make 4-H Fun, John D. Orr

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service 4-H 150 contains Recreational games for the 4-H program. The games include: Crazy Handshakes, Circle games, relays, international games, and more.

Ec85-198 Nebraska Poisonous Range Plants, Patrick E. Reece, Charles P. Moser

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 85-198: Nebraska Poisonous Range Plants. This circular helps people identify plants that grow in Nebraska that may be poisonous.

Ec85-412 Food And Drug Interaction, Leon H. Rottmann

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 85-412: Food and Drug Interaction; protect yourself against a harmful drug interaction, prevent undesirable food-drug interactions, drugs in system of the body, oral contraceptive, drug use, misuse and abuse.