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The Standard Oil Decision: The Rule Of Reason, Horace Lafayette Wilgus Jan 1911

The Standard Oil Decision: The Rule Of Reason, Horace Lafayette Wilgus

Articles

After twenty-one years the Sherman Anti Trust Act has been applied to the typical combination restraining interstate commerce, which that act was designed to prevent.


The Corporation Tax Decision, Ralph W. Aigler Jan 1911

The Corporation Tax Decision, Ralph W. Aigler

Articles

Seldom, if ever, in the history of the country has the Supreme Court been called upon within a comparatively short period of time to decide so many questions of widespread interest and vital importance as has been the case during the last year or two. Attempts on the part of the state and national governments to regulate and control corporations, which in recent years have come to exercise such a large and not always wholesome influence upon affairs generally, have been the occasion for the consideration by the court of many of the important cases recently presented. Among these are …


The Way Of The Tansgressor Is Easy, John R. Rood Jan 1911

The Way Of The Tansgressor Is Easy, John R. Rood

Articles

The Way of the Transgressor is Easy, if he is shrewd enough to take an immunity bath, or avail himself of any of a dozen other provisions of the law made with good intentions and left lying about loose enough to be misappropriated. One rule that has served him many a good turn, is that there is no contribution between tort-feasors. Another way of stating it is that the courts are not open to help rogues out of the predicaments into which their dishonest dealings placed them, and the counterpart of the doctrine in equity is that he who comes …


Unenforceable Trusts And The Rule Against Perpetuities, George L. Clark Jan 1911

Unenforceable Trusts And The Rule Against Perpetuities, George L. Clark

Articles

Bequests upon trust to use the income thereof each year in keeping a monument or grave in repair, or in saying masses,8 or in having a brass band to play at the testator's grave each year on the anniversary of the testator's death9 have been held invalid, and the reason given is that the gift is a "perpetuity"1 or is in "violation of the rule against perpetuities."11 What do the courts mean by calling such a gift a "perpetuity?" And in what way, if at all, could the bequest be so changed as to avoid the "rule against perpetuities" and …


Liquidated Damages And Estoppel By Contract, Joseph H. Drake Jan 1911

Liquidated Damages And Estoppel By Contract, Joseph H. Drake

Articles

In the last edition of "Sedgwick's Elements of the Law of Damages" the author says (p. 232) that the subject of liquidated damages has been put in a new light by the two cases of the Sun Printing and Publishing Association v. Moore1 and the Clydebank R. &S. Co. v. Castaneda,2 and that they may be expected to have a considerable effect upon the further development of the law on the subject. The learned author then presents the old canons of interpretation with full illustration from the cases, followed by the citation of the decisions above mentioned, and concludes that …


Quasi-Contractual Obligations Of Municipal Corporations, Jerome C. Knowlton Jan 1911

Quasi-Contractual Obligations Of Municipal Corporations, Jerome C. Knowlton

Articles

We have constructive fraud, constructive trusts, constructive notice, and why not constructive contract, a contractual obligation existing in contemplation of law, in the absence of any agreement express or implied from facts? With this apology we shall use the term quasi contract as covering an obligation created by law and enforceable by an action ex contractu. We are not for the present interested in the circumstances which may give rise to this obligation as between individuals; nor as between an individual and a private corporation, or quasi public corporation, so-called, as a railroad or other public utility. In these cases …


Liability Of Master For Wilful Or Malicious Acts Of Servant (Ii), Floyd R. Mechem Jan 1911

Liability Of Master For Wilful Or Malicious Acts Of Servant (Ii), Floyd R. Mechem

Michigan Law Review

Returning now to the general question of the master's liability for malicious acts in cases not affected by any such special considerations as those which have just been considered, it may be premised, as has been already stated, that the tendency of the modem cases is undeniably to attach less importance to the motive with which the act was done and to give more attention to the question whether or not it can be deemed to fall within the scope of the servant's employment.


Charter Contracts And The Regulation Of Rates, Charles G. Fenwick Jan 1911

Charter Contracts And The Regulation Of Rates, Charles G. Fenwick

Michigan Law Review

Considering how well-established the doctrine has been for over eighty years that the charters of public service corporations are to be construed strictly in favor of the state when a dispute arises as to the extent of their powers, it may be a matter of surprise on first consideration that there should have been such a large body of litigation over the construction of these charters. Why were they not worded in unequivocal terms? Or have the courts, in the desire of protecting the state, done violence to the plain intent of words? Eliminating such charters as have been deliberately …


Note And Comment, Clarence E. Eldridge, Ben H. Dewey, Mckee Robison Jan 1911

Note And Comment, Clarence E. Eldridge, Ben H. Dewey, Mckee Robison

Michigan Law Review

Limitation of the Amount of the Common Carrier's Liability--Hepburn Act; Surety's Right to Exoneration; Protection of Rights of Bona Fide Purchasers of Personal Property; The Time at Which a Political Aspirant Becomes a Candidate Within the Meaning of the Modern Primary Election Law; When are Letters Written by a Husband to His Wife Not Privileged?


Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review Jan 1911

Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Adverse Possession--Paper Title--Constructive Possession--Occupancy; Bankruptcy--Property Vesting in Trustee--Insurance Policies with Cash Surrender Value Absorbed by a Lien; Bankruptcy--Provable Debts--Contingent Claims--Landlord and Tenant; Bills and Notes--Incomplete and Undelivered Check, completed and Negotiated by Thief--Delivery Not Presumed; Bills and Notes--Note Distinguished from Testamentary Disposition; Contracts--Consideration--Forbearance to Sue; Contracts--Illegal Contract--Agent's Liability for Proceeds; Corporations--corporate Stock--Priority of Rights Between Unrecorded Transferee and Attachment Creditor; Criminal Procedure--Sealed Verdict--Separation of Jury; Eminent Domain--Streets--Power to Condemn Land Required for Railroad Purposes; Evidence--Presumptions and Burden of Proof in Case of Corporation Charged with Crime; Garnishments--On What Actions Available--Liquidated Claims; Insurance--change of Rates in Mutual Benefit Association; Judgments--Foreign Judgment--Merger--Bar; …


Topical Index To Recent Legal Literature, Michigan Law Review Jan 1911

Topical Index To Recent Legal Literature, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

No abstract provided.


Power Of Governor-General To Expel Resident Aliens From Insular Territory Of The United States, Horace Lafayette Wilgus Jan 1911

Power Of Governor-General To Expel Resident Aliens From Insular Territory Of The United States, Horace Lafayette Wilgus

Articles

In the case of Forbes et al. v. Chuoco Tiaco, decided by the Supreme Court of the Philippine Islands July 30, 1910, 8 Off. Gaz., p. 1778, some of the most interesting, important, and fundamental questions were presented and determined for the time being, but not settled, it is reasonably safe to say until passed upon by the Supreme Court of the United States. The questions involved were whether the Governor General of the Philippine Islands has the power to expel resident Chinese aliens without a hearing or an opportunity to be heard, and whether the Governor, if he exceeded …


Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review Dec 1910

Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Banks and Banking--Authority of Cashier--When Knowledge of Cashire is Not Imputed to Bank; bills and Notes--Title to Personality Retained as Collateral Security--Right of Transferee; Boundaries--Fences--Ejectment--Champerty; Charities--Religious Corporations--Torts--Respondent Superior; Constitutional Law--Due Process--Regulation of Railroad; Constitutional Law--Interstate Commerce--Use of Automatic Couplers--Police Power; Corporations--Monopolies--Collateral Contracts--Defenses; Damages--Breach of Contract--Measure of Damages; Damages--Fright Producing Miscarriage--Trespass; Deeds--Privy Examination of Marries Women Over Telephone; Estoppel--What Constitutes; Evidence--Admissibility of Declaration of Pain and Suffering; Fire Insurance--Waiver of Conditions by Agent; Husband and Wife--Right of Wife to Sue for Alienation of Husband's Affections; Judgments on the Merits, What Constitutes--Form--Nonsuit; Landlord and Tenant--collapse of Building--Liability of Tenant; Master and Servant--Acts …


Liability Of Master For Wilful Or Malicious Acts Of Servant (I), Floyd R. Mechem Dec 1910

Liability Of Master For Wilful Or Malicious Acts Of Servant (I), Floyd R. Mechem

Michigan Law Review

In general-While it is well settled that the principal or master is responsible to third persons for the negligent act of his servant or agent, committed within the scope of his authority, it has been held in many cases that he is not liable for the agent's wilful or malicious act. In the language of Judge Cowen, which fairly states the doctrine of these cases, "the dividing line is the wilfulness of the act." It is perhaps not strange that a distinction in the master's responsibility for negligent acts and for wilful acts should constantly present itself. The very idea …


Topical Index To Recent Legal Literature, Michigan Law Review Dec 1910

Topical Index To Recent Legal Literature, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Establishment Of Judicial Review (I), Edwin S. Corwin Dec 1910

The Establishment Of Judicial Review (I), Edwin S. Corwin

Michigan Law Review

When Gladstone described the Constitution of the United States as "the most wonderful work ever struck off at a given time by the brain and purpose of man," his amiable intention to flatter was forgotten, while what was considered his gross historical error became at once a theme of adverse criticism. Their contemporaries and immediate posterity regarded the work of the Constitutional Fathers as the inspired product of political genius and essentially as a creation out of hand. Subsequently, due partly to the influence of the disciples of Savigny in the field of legal history, partly to the sway of …


Note And Comment, Edson R. Sunderland, Ralph W. Aigler, John C. Murray Dec 1910

Note And Comment, Edson R. Sunderland, Ralph W. Aigler, John C. Murray

Michigan Law Review

Release from Liability for Death by Wrongful Act; The Power of a City to Acquire or Build Subways; Constitutionality of Legislation Designating Time and Manner of Payment of Wages; Priority in Bankruptcy Between Wage Claims and Valid Liens;


Topical Index To Recent Legal Literature, Michigan Law Review Nov 1910

Topical Index To Recent Legal Literature, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

No abstract provided.


A Recent History Of English Law, Arthur Lyon Cross Nov 1910

A Recent History Of English Law, Arthur Lyon Cross

Michigan Law Review

In 1607, if his own word can be behaved, "tough old Sir Edward Coke," that monster of legal learning, told King James I "that causes which concern the life, or inheritance, or goods, or fortunes of his subjects are not to be decided by natural reason, but by the artificial reason and judgment of the law, which requires long study and experience before a man can attain to the cognizance of it." The celebrated Sir John Fortesque, when pressed on one occasion in the reign of Henry VI by the legal absurdity of a distinction he was laying down as …


Liability For Accidents In Aerial Navigation, Simeon E. Baldwin Nov 1910

Liability For Accidents In Aerial Navigation, Simeon E. Baldwin

Michigan Law Review

It cannot be long before the American courts will be called upon to decide whether, under the principles of the common law, aeronauts, who cause damage by a descent to the earth, are liable at all events, or only when chargeable with negligence or want of skill. Is there a right to navigate the air, corresponding to the right to navigate the sea? ·


Some Historical Matter Concerning Trade-Marks, Edward S. Rogers Nov 1910

Some Historical Matter Concerning Trade-Marks, Edward S. Rogers

Michigan Law Review

Most of the text books on the subject of trade marks begin with the case of Southern v. How, and either expressly assert, or by implicating convey the impression that trade marks are a comparatively modern thing, when, as a matter of fact few human institutions can boast a more respectable antiquity. The use of trade marks dates from the very earliest times of which we have any knowledge. The recent excavations in Asia Minor and in Egypt have revealed bricks bearing names which are supposed to be those of the manufacturers accompanied in many instances by devices. Roman bricks …


Note And Comment, Ralph W. Aigler, Arthur J. Abbott, John S. Prescott Nov 1910

Note And Comment, Ralph W. Aigler, Arthur J. Abbott, John S. Prescott

Michigan Law Review

The Law School; Validity of Legislation Limiting Hours of Labor For Women; Constitutionality of the New Jersey Statutes Providing for the Government of Certain Cities by Appointed Boards; Legal Consequences of Failure of a Foreign Corporation to Obtain Authority to Transact Business; Good Faith as Test of Common Law Marriage;


Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review Nov 1910

Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Attorney and Client--Authority of Attorney--Compromise; Attorney and Client--Disbarment--Reasonable Doubt; Bankruptcy--Corporations Subject to Involuntary Bankruptcy--Amendment of 1910; Bankruptcy--Following Trust Funds into Hands of Trustee in Bankruptcy; Bills and Notes--Notice by Mail--Proof of Mailing; Bills and Notes--Right of Drawee of Forged Check or Draft to Recover Money Paid Thereon; Boundaries--Line Between Riparian Owners; Boundaries--Monuments Give Way to Courses and Distances; Carriers--Limitation of Amount of Recovery in Case of loss of Baggage; Charities--Testamentary Trusts--Gift for Masses; Constitutional Law--Religious Liberty--Religious Exercises in Schools--Bible; Contracts--In Restraint of Trade--When Valid; Courts--Doctrine of Stare Decisis; Evidence--Admissibility of Confessions; Evidence--Admissibility of Market Quotations; Executors and Administrators--Denial of Application …


Book Reviews, Joseph H. Drake Nov 1910

Book Reviews, Joseph H. Drake

Michigan Law Review

Erskine: The Elements of Jurisprudence; Eastman: Work-Accidents and the Law


The Harter Act And Its Limitations, I. L. Evans Jun 1910

The Harter Act And Its Limitations, I. L. Evans

Michigan Law Review

Prior to 1893 vessel owners attempted to limit their liability by inserting restriction clauses in bins of lading. These stipulations were recognized and upheld by the English courts, but not to so great an extent by the American courts. This attempted limitation of liability by shipowners led up to the passage of the so-called "Harter Act," February 13, 1893.


Note And Comment, Horace Lafayette Wilgus, Horace Lafayette Wilgus, Ralph W. Doty, Lee M. Gordon Jun 1910

Note And Comment, Horace Lafayette Wilgus, Horace Lafayette Wilgus, Ralph W. Doty, Lee M. Gordon

Michigan Law Review

State Regulations Affecting Interstate Commerce; Rules of Procedure and Substantive Law Governing the United States Court for China; What Is Interstate Commerce?; Waiver of Conditions in Insurance Policy by Knowledge of Agent Where Policy Attempts to Provide the Only Way in Which Waiver Shall Take Place; The Right of a Trustee in Bankruptcy to Sue for Injuries to the Bankrupt's Property;


Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review Jun 1910

Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Attorney and Client--Application for License--Power of Court; Bills and Notes--Accommodation Maker--Evidence Excluded to Change Liability; Carriers--Conclusiveness of Ticket Between Conductor and Passenger; Constitutional Law--Police Power--Equal Protection of Laws--"Public Dancing Academy"; Copyrights--Infringement--Musical Composition; Damages--Breach of Contract; Damages--Excessive; Deeds--Grantee a Deceased Person; Divorce--Enforcement of Order Allowing Alimony Pendente Lite; Equity--Injunction--Right of a Fraternal Order to Prevent Infringement of Its Name; Equity--Specific Performance--Contract Not Enforceable as a Whole; Evidence--Limitation of Number of Witnesses--When Reversible Error; Executors and Administrators--Liability for Funeral Expenses; Gas Companies--Right to Withdraw from Municipality; Husband and Wife--Community or Separate Property--Presumption; Husband and Wife--right to Separate Maintenance--Consideration; Landlord and Tenant--Breach of …


Unwary Purchaser, Edward S. Rogers Jun 1910

Unwary Purchaser, Edward S. Rogers

Michigan Law Review

Anyone who has occasion to examine the cases involving trade mark infringement and other forms of unfair trading by the imitation of names, labels, packages and the like, must at once be struck by their irreconcilable conflict. While, of course, the facts in no two cases are alike, this diversity cannot account for the variance in result. The rule of law to be applied is not seriously disputed. The Lord Ordinary's definition of infringement, in Smith v. Carron, 13 R. P. C. 109, III, can hardly be improved upon: "A trade mark is infringed when goods are sent into the …


The Reasons For Some Legal Fictions, Sidney T. Miller Jun 1910

The Reasons For Some Legal Fictions, Sidney T. Miller

Michigan Law Review

In this age of fact, fancy is at a discount. Consequently legal fictions, which required the play of some fancy in their beginning, have fallen not only into disuse but also into disfavor. Many of them, however, have done good work in the past, and some are doing it now. Therefore it may not prove uninstructive to consider some in a discursive way. A legal fiction is probably best defined as "a legal assumption that something is true which is, or may be, false-being an assumption of an innocent and beneficial character, made to advance the interests of justice."1 From …


Book Reviews, Joseph H. Drake, Horace Lafayette Wilgus, Henry M. Bates, Victor H. Lane Jun 1910

Book Reviews, Joseph H. Drake, Horace Lafayette Wilgus, Henry M. Bates, Victor H. Lane

Michigan Law Review

Loewy (trans): the Civil Code of the German Empire. As enacted on August 18, 1896, with the Introductory Statute enacted on the same date.; Parker (ed.): The Corporation Manual and Cyclopedia of Corporation Forms and Precedents; Wilcox: A Description of the Terms and Conditions upon which Private Corporations enjoy Special Privileges in the Streets of American Cities; Watkins: Shippers and Carriers of Interstate Freight; Wigmore: A Pocket Code of the Rules of Evidence in Trials at Law;