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Estimation Of Equivalent Axleloads: Computer Program Documentation, John M. Salsman, John A. Deacon

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The estimation of equivalent axleloads (EAL) requires the correlation of several data bases. Described herein are three computer programs which summarize truckweight data and classification data, and combine the two data bases to estimate EAL's for each site where classification counts are available in a given year.

The programs also present the data in two matrices to characterize the effects that geographic area, federal-aid classification, coal-haul volume and total volume have on each of the traffic parameters necessary to compute EAL's.

Jackson Purchase Parkway Pavement Study, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Four distinct patterns of cracking were found. Temperature cracks are transverse and occur at intervals of about 15 to 88 feet. Roller-induced cracking has been made apparent by weather and erosion. Longitudinal cracking is usually at the edges of the wheel paths where rutting is prominent. Map cracking or checkering in the wheel paths is caused by the maximum shear stresses occurring at a depth equal to 1/3rd the radius of the loaded area (tire print). This cracking penetrated about 2.5 inches. This cracking and weakness was found only in the all-gravel asphaltic concrete. No stripping was found, but evidences …

Water-Induced Surface Failures On I 65, Hardin County, Kentucky, Ellis G. Williams, Herbert F. Southgate, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report documents an investigation of water-related distress on portions of I 65 in Hardin County, Kentucky, on Muldraugh Hill. An open-graded surface placed on a full-depth asphaltic concrete pavement had shown areas of flushing and shallow shear failures in the outer lanes after one year of service. Cores were obtained from the outer lanes in areas exhibiting no problems to shear and flow failures. Core sites also were chosen across the lane to represent edge, wheel track, and between wheel track conditions. Visual inspection of the cores was made under normal lighting and an ultraviolet light and photographs were …

Radiation Pressure And The Stability Of Broad-Line Region Clouds, Gary J. Ferland, Moshe Elitzur

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We discuss two constraints on the existence and stability of quasar emission-line gas. The case of a constant pressure photoionized cloud in pressure equilibrium with a surrounding hot gas is considered. We show that the radiation pressure of the internally generated line emission makes a significant contribution to the total pressure in standard broad-line region models, and that models with either a higher ionization parameter or lower gas density are dominated by radiation pressure and hence unstable. Further, clouds with ionization parameters lower than the standard value cannot be supported by any hot gas which is heated only by the …

Letter To Margarette Dye Regarding The Southeastern Law Librarian Mailing List, September 19, 1984, Hazel Johnson

Correspondence

A letter from Hazel Johnson to Margarette Dye enclosing a list of Chapter Presidents to add to the Southeastern Law Librarian mailing list.

Letter To Hazel Johnson Regarding Seaall Mailing Labels, September 11, 1984, Margarette Dye

Correspondence

A letter from Margarette Dye to Hazel Johnson providing mailing labels with addresses for SEAALL members.

Two Row Crop Harvester, Larry D. Swetnam, James H. Casada, Linus R. Walton

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Patents

A two row harvesting aid including an easily adjustable, semi-floating, self-steering primary cutter head and an auxiliary second row attachment for harvesting row crops. Self-steering capabilities, a cut-off mechanism and a quick-adjustment are combined into a single integral unit on the primary harvester. Direction sensing is accomplished by utilizing a feeler arm or a set of feeler arms which follow the plant stock row or other protrusions or indentations. Forces detected by the guidance sensors are transmitted to a ring which is a part of the housing and/or shielding of the cut-off device. The steering forces may be transmitted to …

Plant Available Water And Plant Water Stress, Ronald E. Phillips

Soil Science News and Views

The 1983 growing season in Kentucky was a vivid reminder that water is essential for good plant growth. And the water used by plants is taken from the reserve or water stored in soil.

Wetlands And Coal Surface Mining: A Management Handbook, Milady A. Cardamone, Jan R. Taylor, William J. Mitsch

KWRRI Research Reports

As the third phase of a three-year project, this report outlines management options for protecting wetlands during the surface mining of coal, particularly for the portion of the Eastern Interior Coal Region that is found in Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois. It is presented in manual form for use by coal mine operators, regulatory agencies and research institutions.

The previous phases of the project produced an atlas of the most heavily-mined areas of the western Kentucky coal field, which classified and identified wetlands in these areas, and discussed some specific impacts of mining on these wetlands. The need to present information …

Impact Evaluation Of Traffic Alcohol Programs: Selected Locations In Kentucky, Jerry G. Pigman, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report is an evaluation of increased police enforcement to reduce alcohol-related accidents at selected locations in Kentucky. Evaluations were performed for the following programs: 1) Lexington-Fayette County, including only Urban Police enforcement; 2) McCracken County, including Kentucky State Police, Sheriff's Office and Paducah Police enforcement; and 3) Warren County, including both Kentucky State Police and Bowling Green Police enforcement. Duration of enforcement and level of enforcement varied among the programs.

Four types of data were collected as a means of evaluating Traffic Alcohol Programs at the locations selected for study; accident data, arrest and adjudication data, cost-effectiveness data, and …

1984 Safety Belt And Child Safety Seat Usage Rates In Kentucky And Evaluation Of A Public Information Campaign, Kenneth R. Agent, John M. Salsman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

There were two objectives of the survey summarized in this report. One was to establish 1984 safety belt and child safety seat usage rates in Kentucky which were compared to 1983 and 1982 rates. The other was to evaluate the effectiveness of public information campaigns as a means of increasing safety belt and seat usage rates.

Statewide usage rates in the 19 cities previously surveyed in 1982 and 1983 showed that both driver safety belt and child safety seat and belt usage rates had increased in 1984. The 1984 statewide usage rate of safety belts by drivers was 6.9 percent …

Nondestructive Evaluation Of Rigid Pavements Using Road Rater Deflections [1984], Gary W. Sharpe, Mark Anderson, Robert C. Deen, Herbert F. Southgate

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Road Rater deflections have been used to determine in-place structural conditions of rigid and composite pavements, based on modifications of principles and experience with the structural evaluation of flexible pavements. Details of the use of elastic layer theory to simulate deflection measurements associated with loadings for the Kentucky Road Rater are presented. Included is an illustration of the use of field deflection measurements to "back calculate'" in-place moduli. The procedures are generally iterative and involve matching measured deflections with theoretical deflections. Elastic layer principles have been used to simulate deflections only at the midslab position. Relationships regarding deflections at other …

The Role Of The Library In The Micro Age, Antoinette Paris Greider

Library Presentations

The 1970s is seen as the decade that automated the technical processes in the library. Mainframe computers and minicomputers enable us to automate some of the most tedious tasks such as typing catalog cards, keeping track of circulation records and generating book orders. The 1970s also saw the advent and mastering of searching major reference tools electronically.

The 1980s brings a new development with the age of the microcomputer. Libraries can now do many of their processes with a microcomputer in house. They can create data bases, tailor make bibliographies, generate handouts and issue reports to meet their needs. Home …

Letter To Mary Bourget Regarding Meeting Minutes, August 15, 1984, Margarette Dye

Correspondence

A letter from Margarette Dye to Mary Bourget providing meeting minutes and a financial report.

Letter To Mary Bourget Regarding Seaall Membership, August 13, 1984, Angela Bardin

Correspondence

A letter from Angela Bardin to Mary Bourget asking for information on becoming a SEAALL member.

Letter To Margarette Dye Regarding Secretary/Treasurer Files, August 9, 1984, Ed Edmonds

Correspondence

A letter from Ed Edmonds to Margarette Dye enclosing files relating to the position of SEAALL Secretary/Treasurer.

Method Of Administering Narcotic Antagonists And Analgesics And Novel Dosage Forms Containing Same, Anwar A. Hussain

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

The invention provides a novel method of administering narcotic antagonists, narcotic analgesics and related compounds, and novel dosage forms containing those compounds which are adapted for nasal administration. The nasal dosage forms disclosed include solutions, suspensions, gels and ointments. Especially preferred compounds which can be advantageously administered in accordance with the invention include naloxone, naltrexone, nalbuphine, levorphanol, buprenorphine, butorphanol, Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and levonantradol.

Letter To Margarette Dye Requesting Seaall Materials, August 2, 1984, Mary Bourget

Correspondence

A letter from Mary Bourget to Margarette Dye requesting meeting minutes and a financial report.

Relationship Between Kentucky Cbr And Slake Durability, Tommy C. Hopkins

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The design of pavements requires a knowledge of the relative strength and durability of subgrade materials. In Kentucky, the CBR (California Bearing Ratio) test is used to define the relative bearing strength of subgrade materials. Pavement thickness can be obtained if traffic loadings and CBR values are known. Durability of subgrade materials can be characterized using the slake-durability test. The purposes of this study were to correlate values of (soaked) KYCBR and slake-durability indices and examine the swell potential of compacted shales. Correlations were developed between soaked KYCBRs and slake-durability indices obtained from three different slake-durability I testing procedures. The …

Finite Element Simulation Of Saturated-Unsaturated Subsurface Flow, George E. Blandford

KWRRI Research Reports

A two-dimensional transient model for flow through saturated-unsaturated porous media is developed, The model numerically solves the pressure head dependent or moisture content dependent form of Richard's equation. The model code uses isoparametric quadratic triangular and/or quadrilateral finite elements for the geometric representation and for the weak Galerkin spacial integrations. An implicit, unconditionally stable single-step numerical time integration scheme with an oscilliatory noise reduction option is utilized for the temporal discretization. The highly efficient symmetric skyline (profile) solution scheme is used to solve the resulting simultaneous equations. The nonlinear subsurface flow parameters are approximated using cubic spline interpolation. The element …

Discharge And Travel Time Determinations In The Royal Spring Groundwater Basin, Kentucky, John Thrailkill, Douglas R. Gouzie

KWRRI Research Reports

Groundwater flow in many karst regions, including the Inner Bluegrass Karst Region of central Kentucky in which the study area was located, is unlike groundwater flow in granular aquifers. At least the major flows are turbulent and often with a free surface in large conduits, and applying concepts based on Darcy's Law to describe and model these flows is inappropriate. Parameters such as linear velocity, channel geometry, and conveyance used to describe surface streamflows are more applicable, and the primary objective of the project was to estimate these in a groundwater basin using the travel time of dye slugs and …

Corn Grades And Feed Value, Morris J. Bitzer, Dan O. Riddell

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Corn is traditionally priced on the basis of U.S. No. 2 grade. However, with the release of CCC-owned corn stocks for Emergency Assistance Programs, there is an increase in corn being marketed as No. 4, No. 5 or Sample grade. It is important for producers to understand corn grading standards and the feeding values of these grades.

Developing A Fertilizer Program For Tobacco, J. L. Sims

Soil Science News and Views

Use of adequate amounts of required fertilizer nutrients are necessary to increase both yield and quality of tobacco if they are lacking in a soil. However, to insure maximum profits from the tobacco crop, careful consideration must be given to fertilizer management (kinds, rates, and methods and times of fertilizer application), the chemical and physical characteristics of the soil, and the crops grown in rotation with tobacco. To develop a profitable fertilization program for tobacco requires thoughtful planning on the part of the grower. Late summer and early fall is a good time to make these plans for the future.

Toxicological Studies On Aquatic Contaminants Originating From Coal Production And Utilization: The Induction Of Tolerance To Silver In Laboratory Populations Of Fish And The Chronic Toxicity Of Nickel To Fish Early Life Stages, Wesley J. Birge, Jeffrey A. Black, James F. Hobson, Albert G. Westerman

KWRRI Research Reports

Aquatic toxicity studies were performed on two important coal-derived contaminants, silver and nickel. Silver was investigated with regard to metal-induced tolerance in laboratory populations of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Fish were exposed to acute silver concentrations following acclimation to sublethal exposures of this metal. Based on median lethal times (LT50), animals which had received 14 days prior exposure to 1.5 and 15 μg Ag/L were three to four times more resistant to silver than were previously unexposed organisms. This metal-induced resistance was not a sustained response. After organisms which had been acclimated to 15 μg/L had been transferred to …

Impact Assessment Of Coal Slurry Pipelines On Water Resources Utilization And Allocation, Muhammad Najmus Saquib, M. Levent Kavvas, David T. Kao, Lindell E. Ormsbee

KWRRI Research Reports

Pike county, the largest coal producing and exporting county from the state of Kentucky was studied to assess the impact of a possible coal slurry pipeline project on the water resources allocation and utilization in the region. Potential coal slurry pipelines from the region were identified and water requirement for operating several hypothetical pipelines were computed by using a recently developed computer program. Climatological data for the county were collected and analyzed for a 29-year period of record with a view to determining the monthly net consumptive use in the region. Available groundwater data for the region was also collected …

Analysis Of Loads And Settlements For Reinforced Concrete Culverts, David L. Allen, Bobby W. Meade

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Three primary factors in considering the loads on, and therefore the design of, underground conduits are: bedding conditions, trench configuration, and use of the "imperfect trench." Models of varied conditions are analyzed using a finite element program and the results compared to data obtained at instrumented sites of similar conditions. Presented herein are charts developed from these analyses which will facilitate future design of culverts. Also presented are recommendations for design criteria and construction procedures.

Pavement Thickness Designs Utilizing Low-Strength (Pozzolanic) Base And Subbase Materials, Gary W. Sharpe, Robert C. Deen, Herbert F. Southgate, Mark Anderson

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This paper presents information whereby laboratory test data for pozzolanic base and subbase materials may be combined with elastic layer theory and a limiting strain criterion to determine thickness designs equivalent to conventional asphaltic concrete and crushed stone pavement structures. A summary of laboratory testing in Kentucky also is presented. An example thickness design determination is presented and includes an economic comparison of alternative designs with the conventional asphaltic – crushed stone thickness design.

Letter To Margarette Dye Regarding The Southeastern Law Librarian Mailing List, July 12, 1984, Hazel Johnson

Correspondence

A letter from Hazel Johnson to Margarette Dye enclosing a copy of the Southeastern Law Librarian mailing list and asking Dye to send membership information to Mike Beaird.

Letter To Margarette Dye Regarding The Southeastern Law Librarian, July 9, 1984, Elizabeth Thweatt

Correspondence

A letter from Elizabeth Thweatt to Margarette Dye requesting subscription information for the Southeastern Law Librarian.

Soil Testing: Improving Reliability, John H. Grove

Soil Science News and Views

Late summer is a good time to check forage and row crop fields for possible nutritional problems and to make plans for fall soil sampling. "Problem" areas can be identified for selective sampling and the test results can be used to plan fertilizer and lime expenses for the next crop production season. Fields scheduled for tobacco, small grain and/or double cropping need to be sampled first in order to determine lime, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) needs before fall application.